Computer

TYPES OF
OPERATING

SYSTEM

- Anshika Verma (8-A)

1.Multitasking operating system:

● Multitasking operating systems load multiple programs or tasks into a memory.

Application 1 Application 2 Application 3 Application 4

Process-1 Process-2 Process-3 Process-4

OPERATING SYSTEM

CPU Assigned Process

The operating system, alternatively,
allocates the time for the programs to be
processed based on their 1/O operations.
The amount of time a program or task waits
before it gets processed is known as idle

time or the waiting time of the CPU.

(a) Single-user multitasking:

An operating system that allows a single user to
perform more than one task at a time is

called Single-User Multitasking Operating System.
Examples include Microsoft Windows and
Macintosh OS.

Examples: Windows , Ubuntu

WORD AUDIO WEB BROWSER

OPERATING SYSTEM

CPU

(b) Multi-user multitasking:

Multiuser/Multitasking operating system is a
powerful operating system that supports more than
one user at a time, performing more than one task at

a time, UNIX is an example of
a multiuser/ multitasking operating system. From
the book Introduction to Computer by Peter Norton.

Examples: Linux , X Window



2.Multithreading Operating System

Multithreading is similar to multitasking, but enables
the processing of multiple threads at one time,
rather than multiple processes. ... For example,

a multithreaded operating system may run several
background tasks, such as logging file changes,

indexing data, and managing windows at the same
time.

Examples: Windows NT , Windows XP

Picture Responding to Grammar Check
intersection keystrokes
T
T T h
h h r
r r e
e e a
a a d
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Word Processor

CPU
Multithreading

3.Multiprocessing System

Multiprocessing is the use of two or more central
processing units within a single computer system.

The term also refers to the ability of a system to
support more than one processor or the ability to

allocate tasks between them.

Examples: Windows NT , Unix

Processor-1 Processor-2 Processor-3

Main Memory I/O system

4. Real-time operating System

A real-time operating system is an operating system
intended to serve real-time applications that process

data as it comes in, typically without buffer delays.
Processing time requirements are measured in
tenths of seconds or shorter increments of time.

Examples: Symbian OS, VxWorks

USER
APPLICATION PROGRAMS
REAL-TIME OPERATING SYSTEM

HARDWARE

REAL- TIME OPERATING SYSTEM

Hard RTOS Soft ROTS

A hard real-time system (also known Soft real time system is a
as an immediate real-time system) is system whose operation is
degrade if results are not
hardware or software that must produce according to the
operate within the confines of a specified timing requirement.
stringent deadline. The application
may be considered to have failed if it
does not complete its function within

the allotted time span.

5. Distributed operating System

A distributed operating system is system software
over a collection of independent, networked,
communicating, and physically separate

computational nodes. They handle jobs which are
serviced by multiple CPUs. Each individual node

holds a specific software subset of the global
aggregate operating system.

Example: LOCUS and MICROS

CPU, Memory Communication CPU, Memory
CPU, Memory Network CPU, Memory