Lesson-Plan-Biomes-M4-By-JJ-Final

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1 How are tundra and desert biomes similar?
2 What are the major terrestrial biomes?
3 What is the typical vegetation and typical fauna of the tundra?
4 What is the typical vegetation and typical fauna of the taiga?
5 What is the typical vegetation and typical fauna of temperate forests?
6 What are deciduous trees?
7 What is the typical location of tropical forests regarding latitude?
8 What is the typical vegetation and typical fauna of tropical forests?
9 Why are tropical forests also known as stratified forests?
10 What is the typical vegetation of grasslands?
11 What are the grasslands of North America and of South America respectively called?
12 What is the typical vegetation and typical fauna of deserts?
13 How many biomes are there?
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1 Tundra and desert are ostensibly very different biomes, as the great deserts of the world are

mostly in the subtropics while the tundra is at high latitudes. But what most don't realize is
that most tundra biomes are technically deserts, as more tundra receives less than 10 inches
(250 mm) of rain annually.

2 The major terrestrial biomes are: tundra, taiga (or boreal forest), temperate forests, tropical

forests, grasslands and deserts.

3 Tundra has vegetation formed mainly of mosses and lichens. Among fauna, animals with a

large amount of fur, such as caribou, musk oxen and polar bears, as well as migratory birds,
are found.

4 Taiga, or boreal forest, is characterized by coniferous trees, which form pine forests. It also

contains mosses, lichens, small bushes and angiosperms. In the taiga, many mammals, such
as moose, wolves, foxes and rodents, migratory birds and a large diversity of insects are
found.

5 In temperate forests, deciduous trees predominate. Mammals are found in large numbers,

such as bears and deer.

6 Deciduous trees are plants that lose their leaves during a period of the year. In the case of the

deciduous trees of the temperate forest, their leaves fall in the autumn (fall). The loss of
leaves is a preparation to face the cold months of the winter: their roots, trunk and branches
are more resistant to low temperatures and snow than the leaves; and without leaves, the
metabolic rate of the plant is reduced. In turn, the decaying fallen leaves help to nourish the
soil.

7 Tropical rain forests, such as the Amazon Rainforest and the Congo Rainforest, are typically

located at low latitudes, in equatorial and tropical zones.

8 In the vegetation of tropical forests, broadleaf evergreen trees predominate. On the top of the

trees epiphytes and lianas grow. Many varieties of pteridophytes can be found in these
forests. Regarding fauna, the abundance and diversity is also great: there are monkeys,
rodents, bats, insectivores, felines, reptiles, birds, amphibians and invertebrates, which are
mainly insects.

9 In tropical forests, tall trees of several species have canopies, forming an upper layer under

which diverse other trees and plants develop, forming other lower layers. From the upper
layer to the lower layers, the penetration of light lowers gradually and the exposure to wind
and rain, the moisture and the temperature also vary. Different compositions of abiotic factors
condition the prevalence of different vegetation in each layer.

10 Grasslands are mainly formed of herbaceous (non-woody) vegetation: grass, bushes and small

trees.

11 The steppe grasslands of North America are called prairies. The grasslands of South America

are known as “pampas” (the steppe grassland) and “cerrado” (the savannah grassland).

12 The predominant fauna of desert ecosystems is composed of reptiles, such as lizards and

snakes, terrestrial arthropods and small rodents. In these areas, plants very adapted to a dry
climate may be found, such as cacti, which are plants that do not have real leaves and
therefore lose less water, along with grasses and bushes near places where water is
available.

13 There is really no completely right answer to this question. Some people say there are only 5

major types of biomes: aquatic, desert, forest, grassland, and tundra. Others split biomes
further. Forests are separated into rainforest, temperate forest, chaparral, and taiga;
grasslands are divided into savanna and temperate grasslands; and the aquatic biome is split
into freshwater and marine.

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