E-book 705

PSU
PRINCE OF SONGKLA

UNIVERSITIES

ACADEMIC
ENGLISH
936-004

PREPARD BY : MARVIN C.ROTULA,MMEM

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

Unit 1: A PERFECT MATCH


A. READING TEXT
HAVE YOU SEEN THE TV SHOW, “THE BACHELOR?”

DO YOU HAVE ANY IDEA WHAT IS THIS SHOW ALL
ABOUT?
FOR THOSE WHO DON’T KNOW,THE BACHELOR PROVIDES ONE MAN
—THE EPONYMOUS BACHELOR— A GROUP OF TWENTY-FIVE TO
THIRTY GORGEOUS WOMEN FROM WHOM HE MUST CHOOSE A WIFE
—FOR ALL INTENTS AND PURPOSES HIS LIFE PARTNER.
NOT A GIRLFRIEND, A WIFE.THE GOAL OF THE SHOW IS TO TURN
THE BACHELORINTO A MARRIED MAN.

THE BACHELOR IS ABSOLUTELY BRILLIANT…JUST NOT AT MAKING MARRIAGES. ACCORDING
TO WIKIPEDIA, AS OF MARCH 2015 ONLY FIVE LASTING IDEAL PARTNERSHIPS HAVE COME
OUT OF THE TWENTY-NINE SEASONS OF THE BACHELOR AND ITS GENDER-REVERSE
COUNTERPART, THE BACHELORETTE, COMBINED. BUT THE SHOW IS GENIUS AT A PARTICULAR
ASPECT OF RELATIONSHIPS: MAKING PEOPLE THINK THEY’RE FALLING IN LOVE. HOW DOES
THE SHOW DO THIS? IT’S EASY TO CHALK IT UP TO EVERYONE BEING RIDICULOUSLY GOOD-
LOOKING, PLUS THE IMPOSSIBLY ROMANTIC, EXPENSE-FREE DATES. RAPPELLING DOWN THE
HIGHEST CLIFF IN BALI AND THEN ATTENDING A PRIVATE CONCERT BY THE BIGGEST LOCAL
POP STAR, ANYONE? SWIMMING IN A COVE OF ENDANGERED DOLPHINS AND THEN DINING IN
A THOUSAND-YEAR-OLD CASTLE? A LITTLE ADRENALINE, A LITTLE ROMANCE, AND
EVERYONE’S IN LOVE!

 HOW ABOUT YOU? ARE YOU WILLING TO MARRY SOMEONE THAT YOU’VE JUST MET? OR
 ARE YOU GOING TO WAIT FOR SOMEONE EVEN THOUGH IT WILL TAKE TIME?
 DO YOU THINK THERE IS SUCH THING AS PERFECT MATCH?

HERE ARE SOME OF THE FAMOUS COUPLES IN HISTORY THAT WERE CONSIDERED AS A PERFECT MATCH

1

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

ANTHONY & CLEOPATRA
(41 BCE – 30 BCE)


THEY ARE ARGUABLY THE MOST FAMOUS LOVERS IN HISTORY.

MARCUS ANTONIUS OF ROME STOOD AT THE PINNACLE OF
POWER,FIGHTING TO BE THE MOST POWERFUL MAN IN THE


KNOWN WORLD; AND CLEOPATRA VII PHILOPATOR WAS THE

QUEEN OF ONE ANCIENT CIVILIZATION, EGYPT, AND HEIR TO
THE UNMATCHED CULTURAL ACHIEVEMENTS OF ANOTHER,
GREECE.THE PAIR, IN FACT, DID MARRY IN
36 B.C.E. IN 31 B.C.E., WHILE FIGHTING A BATTLE IN ACTIUM,
ANTHONY HEARD A FALSE NEWS ABOUT CLEOPATRA’S DEATH.
NOT WANTING TO LIVE WITHOUT HER, HE STABBED HIMSELF
WITH HIS OWN SWORD. WHEN CLEOPATRA LEARNED ABOUT
ANTHONY’S DEATH, SHE LET HERSELF BE BITTEN BY A
POISONOUS SNAKE AND WAS LATER FOUND DEAD. THEIR LOVE
AFFAIR, THEIR WAR TOGETHER, THEIR DEFEAT AND, FINALLY,
THEIR SUICIDES HAVE BEEN TOLD AND RETOLD FOR CENTURIES.

SHAH JAHAN & MUMTAZ MAHAL
(1607 - 1631)

IN 1612, A TEENAGE GIRL,
ARJUMAND BANU, MARRIED


15-YEAR OLD SHAH JAHAN, RULER OF THE MUGHAL

EMPIRE. RENAMED MUMTAZ MAHAL, SHE BORE SHAH JAHAN
14 CHILDREN AND BECAME HIS FAVORITE WIFE. AFTER
MUMTAZ DIED IN 1629, THE GRIEVING EMPEROR RESOLVED


TO CREATE A FITTING MONUMENT. IT TOOK 20,000

WORKERS AND 1,000 ELEPHANTS NEARLY 20 YEARS TO COMPLETE THIS MONUMENT-
THE TAJ MAHAL. BUILT OF WHITE MARBLE, THE TAJ SITS ON A SANDSTONE PLATFORM.
A 137-FOOT HIGH DOME TOPS THE MAUSOLEUM. THE INTERIOR IS LAVISHLY
DECORATED IN LAPIS LAZULI, TURQUOISE, AGATE, JASPER, AND COLORED MARBLE. THE
EXTERIOR IS PAVED WITH SEMIPRECIOUS STONES THAT SPARKLE IN THE SUN. THE
SURROUNDING GARDEN CONTAINS FOUR WATER CHANNELS REPRESENTING THE FOUR
RIVERS OF ISLAMIC PARADISE.

2

MARIE & PIERRE CURIE ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

(1894 - 1906)

BECAUSE WOMEN WERE NOT ABLE TO ATTEND UNIVERSITY IN
POLAND IN THE 19TH CENTURY, MARY SKLODOWSKA LEFT POLAND


TO STUDY AT A FRENCH UNIVERSITY IN 1891. NOW KNOWN BY HER

FRENCH NAME MARIE, SHE WORKED HARD IN A LABORATORY,
CATCHING THE ATTENTION OF PIERRE CURIE, THE LABORATORY
DIRECTOR. MARY AND PIERRE GOT MARRIED IN 1895. ALTHOUGH


THEY ARE POOR, THEY WERE BOTH DEVOTED TO THEIR RESEARCH

AND TO EACH OTHER. IN 1898, THE COUPLE DISCOVERED THE
ELEMENTS POLONIUM AND RADIUM.

THEY EVENTUALLY WON NOBEL PRIZE FOR PHYSICS IN 1903 FOR THE DISCOVERY OF
RADIOACTIVITY. WHEN PIERRE DIED IN 1906, MARIE HONORED HIS MEMORY BY
CONTINUING THEIR WORK. IN 1911, MARIE CURIE WON ANOTHER NOBEL PRIZE, THIS
TIME FOR CHEMISTRY. SHE WAS THE FIRST PERSON TO WIN THE NOBEL PRIZE TWICE.

DAVID & VICTORIA BECKHAM

(1999)

DAVID AND VICTORIA MET IN 1997 AFTER THE SPICE GIRL

ATTENDED A MANCH ES TER OU
RN I TED MATCH AT DAVID'S
REQUEST. IT WAS C LE AR ALL TO SEE THAT THEY
F


WERE A GREAT COUPLE FROM THE START, AND THE MEDIA

BEGAN REFERRING TO THEM AS POSH AND BECKS. THE
WEDDING CEREMONY ON JULY 4TH 1999 SAW THEM SITTING


ON GOLDEN THRONES AND SET POSH AND BECKS BACK AN ALLEGED £500,000. SOON

AFTER, THEY BOUGHT THE FAMOUS BECKINGHAM PALACE IN HERTFORDSHIRE, WORTH AN
ESTIMATED £7.5 MILLION. BOTH HAVE EXCELLED IN THEIR CAREERS. DAVID IS ONE OF
THE MOST CAPPED ENGLAND PLAYERS OF ALL TIME, HAVING REPRESENTED HIS COUNTRY
115 TIMES, AS WELL AS CAPTAINING THE NATION. OVER AN ILLUSTRIOUS CAREER, HE
HAS PLAYED FOR SOME OF THE BEST FOOTBALL CLUBS IN THE WORLD, INCLUDING
MANCHESTER UNITED, REAL MADRID AND AC MILAN. VICTORIA ON THE OTHER HAND WAS
IN ONE OF THE MOST SUCCESSFUL GROUPS OF ALL TIME WITH THE SPICE GIRLS, AND IN
2011 WAS NAMED DESIGNER OF THE YEAR AT THE ANNUAL BRITISH FASHION AWARDS. 'I
THINK PEOPLE SAW THE REAL ME...,' SHE TOLD HARPER'S BAZAAR, 'AND THE TRUTH IS, I
WOULD HAVE FELT MUCH MORE COMFORTABLE IN MY PAJAMAS WITH THE KIDS AND DAVID
IN A HOTEL WATCHING IT ON TV.'

3

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

B. VOCABULARY







1.GORGEOUS (งดงาม) -VERY ATTRACTIVE, BEAUTIFUL
2.GOAL (เป้ าหมาย) - AN AIM OR DESIRED RESULT


3.RIDICULOUS (ไร้สาระ) - SO AS TO CAUSE SURPRISE OR DISBELIEF.
4.ENDANGERED (ใกล้ สู ญพั นธุ์ ) - SERIOUSLY AT RISK OF EXTINCTION


7.EMPIRE (อาณาจักร) - COUNTRIES RULED OVER BY A SINGLE MONARCH
5.PINNACLE (สิ ขร) - THE MOST SUCCESSFUL POINT

6.UNMATCHED (ไม่ มี ที่ เปรี ยบ) -NOT EQUALED

8.MAUSOLEUM (สุ สาน) - IMPRESSIVE BUILDING HOUSING A TOMB OR GROUP OF TOMBS

9.DISCOVER (เปิ ด) -FOUND UNEXPECTEDLY

10.ILLUSTRIOUS (เลื่ องลื อ) - WELL KNOWN, RESPECTED, AND ADMIRED FOR PAST

ACHIEVEMENT

Activity 1: True or False.







1. ALL THE MARRIAGES
IN THE BACHELOR ARE ALL SUCCESSFUL.


A. TRUE B. FALSE

2. CLEOPATRA AND ANTHONY KILLED EACH OTHER BECAUSE THE HATE EACH OTHER.

A. TRUE B. FALSE

3. DAVID AND VICTORIA BECKHAM ARE CELEBRITIES.


A. TRUE B. FALSE

4. MARIE CURIE WON THE NOBEL PEACE PRIZE, TWICE.

A. TRUE B. FALSE

5. MUMTAZ MAHAL IS THE ONLY WIFE OF SHAH JAHAN

A. TRUE B. FALSE

4

C. GRAMMAR ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004





SIMPLE PAST TENSE


THE SIMPLE P A
S T TENSE IS USED TO TALK ABOUT FINISHED A C
T I O N S THAT HAPPENED

AT A SPECIFIC T IME IN T HE PAST . YOU S TAT E WHEN IT H APPEN TE
HD U SING A TI ME ADVER B .
YO U FORM TH E SIM PLE PAST OF A VER B BY A DDING -E D ONTO E END OF A RE GULAR


VERB BUT, IRREGULAR VERB FORMS HAVE TO BE LEARNT.


SIMPLE PAST TIMELINE









REGULAR VERB




THE VERBS "LIVED, ST
ARTED, DIED" ARE REGULAR PAST FORMS. THE RULE IS THE FOLLOWING:


Verb + ed














The spelling of the simple past form (-ed forms)



YOU WILL LEARN THE SPELLIN
G OF THE SIMPLE PAST FORM

(-ED FORM.) BUT BEFORE YOU
CONTINUE THE LESSON


STUDY THE FOLLOWING EXAMPLES AND TRY TO SEE HOW THE

VERBS ARE SPELLED.




5

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

The rules of the simple past tense forms:

Here are the rules:


1. Regular verbs ending in a silent
e take /-d/ in the simple past and past participle:
Example : close=closed


2. Regular verbs ending in a vowe
l + y take /-ed/ in the simple past and past participle:


Example: play=played

3. Regular verbs ending in a consonant + y take /-ied/ in the simple past and past


participle (the ' y' becomes an ' i' followed by /-ed/)
Example: marry=married
4. All the other regular verbs take /-ed/ in the simple past and past participle.

Example: visit=visited

Special cases of the -ed forms:

Follow these rules when there is a consonant after a vowel (stop, ban, open, offer...)

1. If there is a consonant after a stressed vowel at the end of the word, double the


consonant

stop – stopped ban - banned swap – swapped

2. If the vowel is not stressed, we do not double it:


open - opened (Here the stress is on 'o', not the 'e'.)

offer - offered ( Here the stress is on 'o', not the 'e'.)

6

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

In British English we double the last 'l' of words like travel, cancel and level even
though the last vowel is not stressed. Here are some examples:

travel - travelled cancel – cancelled
level - levelled marvel - marvelled

A verb whose conjugation follows a different pattern is called an irregular verb.
There is no rule for these verbs. You should learn them by heart.

7

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

Exercise 1: Complete these sentences. Use the verbs below. (regular Verbs)

chat - die - carry - end - happen - live - open - invite - plan - arrive
- start - phone - study - watch

1. The concert last night ____________at 7.30 and _______________at 10 o'clock.
2. The accident ______________last Sunday afternoon.
3. Mozart _________________from 1756 to 1791.
4. It was hot in the room, so I _________________the window.
5. William Shakespeare __________________in 1616.
6. You _______ in England last week.
7. My mum _________ Russian at university.
8. I__________ you yesterday, but you weren't at home.
9. Last night, Marga and Alice ________ their holiday.
10. Tom __________us to his birthday party.
11. The children ___________ the books to the classroom.
12. We_________the exam at half past three.
13. I___________to Jane about films and fashion.

Exercise 2: Put the sentences from the present into the past tense.

1. We usually go to the cinema on Sunday. We _________to the cinema last Sunday, too.
2. Tom always has a shower in the morning. Tom __________ a shower this morning, too.
3. They come to my house every Friday. Last Friday they __________, too.
4. They buy a new car every year. Last year they __________ a new car, too
5. They always get up early. This morning they _________ up late.
6. Bill often loses his key. He _________ one last Saturday.
7. I write a letter to Jane every week. Last week I ______ two letters.
8. She meets her friends every evening. She ________ them yesterday evening, too.
9. He always goes to work by car. Yesterday he ________ to work by bus.
10. I usually read two newspapers every day. I only __________ a newspaper yesterday.

8

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

D. SPEAKING ACTIVITY

In English, the past tense ending –ed has three different pronunciations.

 - For verbs that end in the sounds p,k,f,s,ch, or sh, pronounce the ending in /t/ as
in worked.
 - For verbs that end in vowel sounds or b,g,v,z,zh,th,j,m,n,ng,l,r pronounce the
ending /d/ as in opened
 - For verbs that end in the sounds d or t, pronounce the ending /id/ as in wanted.

1. They traded something of value that they possessed for something they needed.
2. What if no one wanted or needed it?
3. The first coins were produced in China, and the first paper money appeared in China.
4. Money called digital cash is already being exchanged over the Internet.

E. WRITING ACTIVITY (HOMEWORK)

1. Choose a couple that you feel is a perfect match.

2. They could include actors, musician, politicians, athletes, and others.

3. Write a short essay about this couple, explaining why they are perfect match.

4. DO NOT COPY Wikipedia, or any online sources. Write your own

5. Font should be Times New Romans, font size is 12, double space. Write at least

800 words. 9

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

Unit 2: RAGS TO RICHES

A. READING TEXT

According to Wikipedia, Rags to riches refers to any situation in which a person
rises from poverty to wealth, and in some cases from absolute obscurity to heights
of fame, fortune and celebrity—sometimes instantly.

Most of the rags to riches story are those who became instant millionaire by
winning the lottery, or an heir who received his wealth from the demise of his
parents.

However, there are also those, who worked really hard to achieved what they
have rightnow. They started from nothing and after countless disappointments,
heartaches, rejections, sacrifices and hard work they were able to succeed.

Here are some of the rags to riches stories that we can get inspiration.

AMANCIO ORTEGA

(66.5 billion USD)
Retail Clothing, Spain

Armancio Ortega is the founder and chairman of a company that owns many
stores including the enormously popular international clothing store, Zara. He is
Spain’s riches man, Ortega is the son of the railroad worker and a maid, and
had no formal higher education. When Ortega was 13, he worked as a delivery by for
a shirt maker and later became the manager of the clothing shop. He began making
clothing in his living room and selling it to local stores. Ortega had an ability to
predict what styles were going to be popular and create these styles with
inexpensive materials. In 1975, Ortega opened his first Zara store. Zara gained a
reputation for selling designer fashions at reasonable prices. Today Ortega’s
company has more then 4,0000 stores in 71 countries.

10

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

J.K. ROWLING

(1.0 billion USD)

Publishing, United Kingdom



J.K. Rowling is the British author of the wildly
successful Harry Potter series. Rowling, once a single
mother living on welfare, is now a billionaire whose
books have been translated into 60 languages and
have sold over 400 million copies worldwide. The
books also inspired a series of billion-dollar movies.
Her journey from welfare mom to billionaire author
happened in le
ss than five years.
Rowling conceived the idea for the Harry Potter series while on a long train ride in
1990. She was poor that she used to do her writing on stained napkins at local cafés
while her infant daughter napped. Rowling reflects that that was the dark period
of her life and that she had no idea that there was going to be a fairy tale resolution.

LI KA-SHING



(29.4 billion USD)
Business, Hong Kong



Li was born into an impoverished family in China in
1928. When he was 15, his father died, forcing Li to
leave high school so that he could work to support
his family. He took a job in a plastic company, where
he would work 16 hours a day. At this company, li
used to assemble plastic flowers. By 1950,

Li had started his own plastics manufacturing company. His company prospered
which led to Li to expand his business into many different fields. However, his
successes are not all monetary. Li Ka-Shing has areputation for being honest and
generous. In fact, he is one of Asia’s most prominent philanthropists, and has
announced plans to donate one-third of his wealth to charity.

11

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

OPRAH WINFREY

(2.6 billion USD)
Entertainment, U.S.A.






Oprah Winfrey was born in Mississippi into extremely poor family. Her mother was a
maid, and her father was a barber. Winfrey lived in such poverty that she wore dresses
made of potato sacks. Winfrey was a talkative girl who would often pretend to
interview her dolls. She excelled in school and won a college scholarship. When she
graduated, Winfrey got a job reporting the news which was popular that it was
broadcast nationally. The Oprah Winfrey show now air in 135 countries, and is viewed
by about 46 million people. Winfrey also has a magazine, a production company and co-
founded a cable television network.

B. VOCALBULARY



1. Heir (ผู้สืบสายโลหิต) -a person w
ho inherits or has a right of inheritance in the

property
of another following the latter's death.
2. Demise (อนิจกรรม) - death
3. Predict (ทํานาย) - foretell the future.
4. Reputation (ชื่อเสียง) - good name
5. Welfare (สวัสดิการ) - a government agency that provide funds to those people

in need.
6. Journey (เที่ยว) -progress from one stage to another
7. Impoverished (ข้นแค้น) - poor
8. Philanthropist (คนใจบุญ) -a person who gives something for those in need.
9. Excel (เป็นหนึ่ง) -to be better, to be the best
10. Scholarship (ทุนการศึกษา) - a sum of money or other aid granted to a student

for education.

12

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

Activity 1. True or False




1. A person who seeks to promote the welfare of others, especially by the generous

donation of mon
ey to good causes. d. False
c. True

2. Armancio Ortega’s father is so rich that they don’t need to work to have money.

c. True d. False

3. J.K. Rowling is the writer of “The Lord of the Rings”.

c. True d. False

4. Oprah Winfrey was born in an extremely wealthy family.

c. True d. False

5. Li Ka-Shing’s family was from China before they moved to Singapore.

b. True b. False

C. GRAMMAR




SIMPLE PRESENT VS PRESENT

CONTINOUS

What's the difference between the Presen
t Simple / Present Continuous and how

to use them?


 We use the present simple tense whe
n we want to talk about fixed habits or

routines – things that don't change. Structu
re: Subject + Verb (vI) + es/es
 We use the present continuous to talk about actions which are happening at

the present moment, but will soon finish. Structure: Subject + is/am/are + Verb(+ing)




HERE ARE THE DIFFERENCES
















13

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004




Exercise:







1. Every Monday, Sal
ly (drive) ________ her kids to football practice.
324..._UDS_hso_uhn_ah'_tlh_lfyoh_,r!_gIB_e(ew_t _toqo_ruk_tia)eFkt_!re_eJ


_yon_ohc_uhn_ra(_ustmlaeaseblapraen)lsgl_aeu_.ca_Irgte_e(t_ra_asr_iycn_h)a_ot__oA__l_Bi_n_T__P,__b.a_ur_its_t.h_Ti_sh_as_tu_ims__mw_eh_ry_I.I (study)
am in Paris.

5. I hate living in Seattle because it (rain, always) ___________________.

6. I'm sorry I can't hear what you (say) __________________ because everybody

(talk) ______________________ so loudly.

14

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004



7. Justin (write, currently) ___________________________ a book about his

adventures in Tibet. I hope he can find a good publisher when he is finished.
8. Jim: Do you want to come over for dinner tonight?

Denise: Oh, I'm sorry, I can't. I (go) _____________________ to a movie tonight
with some friends.
9. The business cards (be, normally) ______________________ printed by a
company in New York. Their prices (be) ________ inexpensive, yet the quality of
their work is quite good.
10. This delicious chocolate (be) _______ made by a small chocolatier in Zurich,
Switzerland.

D. SPEAKING ACTIVITY



Listen and practice the English /r/sound in these sentences

1. After breaking up the fight, the prince of Verona gives a warning.
2. Romeo reveals himself and proclaims his love.
3. Romeo and Juliet are married in secret by Friar Lawrence.
4. A furious and grieving Romeo then kills Tybalt.
5. Friar Lawrence’s letter never reached Romeo.

E. WRITING ACTIVITY (HOMEWORK)




1. Choose a famous and/or wealthy person.
2. Research information about this person’s life, including the events that took the

person from obscurity to fame or poverty to wealth.
3. Write a biographical essay about this person.
4. DO NOT COPY Wikipedia, or any online sources. Write your own
5. Font should be Times New Romans, font size is 12, single space.

Write at least 800 words.

15

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

Unit 3: THE STORY OF GEORGE WASHINGTON CARVER

A. READING TEXT





Considered to be one of America’s greatest
scientist in the field of Agriculture. Carver's reputation
is based on his research into and promotion of alternative
crops to cotton, such as peanuts, soybeans, and sweet
potatoes, which also aided nutrition for farm families. He
wanted poor farmers to grow alternative crops both as a
source of their own food and as a source of other products to
improve their quality of life. He was recognized for his many
achievements and talents. In 1941, Time magazine dubbed
Carver a "Black Leonardo."



Carver was born into slavery in Diamond Grove, Newton County, near Crystal
Place, now known as Diamond, Missouri, possibly in 1864 or 1865, though the exact
date is not known. His master, Moses Carver, was a German American immigrant
who had purchased George's parents, Mary and Giles, from William P. McGinnis on
October 9, 1855, for $700. Carver had 10 sisters and a brother, all of whom died
prematurely.
When George was only a week old, he, a sister, and his mother were kidnapped
by night raiders from Arkansas. George's brother, James, was rushed to safety from
the kidnappers. The kidnappers sold the slaves in Kentucky. Moses Carver hired
John Bentley to find them, but he located only the infant George. Moses negotiated
with the raiders to gain the boy's return, andrewarded Bentley. In 1865, there were no
longer slaves in the United States, but George and his brother continued to live with
the Carvers. The Carvers gave him as much education as they could. At the age of
12, George left the Carvers to start life on his own.

For the next 12 years, he worked whenever he could and went to school
whenever he could. He managed to finish high school and won a scholarship to go to
Highland University.

16

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004




However, when he appeared in the University, they refused to admit him because he

was black. This did not stop Carver, he continued to work and save money. In early

1888, Carver obtained a $300 loan at the Bank of Ness City for education. By June he

left the area.

In 1890, Carver started studying art and piano at Simpson College in Indianola,

Iowa. His art teacher, Etta Budd, recognized Carver's talent for painting flowers and

plants; sheencouraged him to study botany at Iowa State Agricultural College in

Ames. When he beganthere in 1891, he was the first black student. Carver's

Bachelor's thesis was "Plants as Modified by Man", dated 1894. Iowa State

professors Joseph Budd and Louis Pammel convinced Carver to continue there for

his master's degree. Carver taught as the fi
rst black faculty member at Iowa State.

In 1896, Booker T. Washington, the first principal and president of the

Tuskegee Institute, invited Carver to head its Agriculture Department. Carver taught

there for 47 years, developing the department into a strong research center and

working with two additional college presidents during his tenure. He taught methods

of crop rotation, introduced several alternative cash crops for farmers that would also

improve the soil of areas heavily cultivated in cotton, initiated research into crop

products (chemurgy), and taught generations of black students farming techniques for

self-sufficiency.


From 1915 to 1923, Carver concentrated on researching and experimenting with

new uses for peanuts, sweet potatoes, soybeans, pecans, and other crops, as well as

having his assistants research and compile existing uses. This work, and especially

his speaking to a national conference of the Peanut Growers Association in 1920 and

in testimony beforeCongress in 1921 to support passage of a tariff on imported

peanuts, brought him wide publicity and increasing renown. In these years, he

became one of the most well-known African Americans of his time. The most popular

of his 44 practical bulletins for farmers contained 105 food recipes using peanuts. He

also developed and promoted about 100 products made from peanuts that were

useful for the house and farm, including cosmetics, dyes, paints, plastics,

gasoline, and nitroglycerin. He received numerous honors for his work, including

the Spingarn Medal of the NAAC.

17

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004


Upon returning home one day, Carver took a bad fall down a flight of stairs; he was
found unconscious by a maid who took him to a hospital. Carver died January 5,
1943, at the age of 78 from complications(anemia) resulting from this fall. He was
buried next to Booker T. Washington at Tuskegee University. Due to his frugality,
Carver's life savings totaled $60,000, all of which he donated in his last years and at
his death to the Carver Museum and to the George Washington Carver Foundation

B. VOCABULARY

- area of interest of study.

1. Field (ด้าน) - growing food.
- allow to enter.
2. Agriculture(การเกษตร) - earn enough money to live.
3. Admit (ยอมรับ) - better than most.
4. Support yourself(สนับสนุนตัวเอง) - Trying to survive.
5. Outstanding (เฉียบ) - dirt in which plants grow.
6. Struggle (ฝ่าฟัน) - used up.
7. Soil (ดิน) -proposed something.
8. Wore out (เสื่อมสภาพ) - give a chance.
9. Made an offer (ทําข้อเสนอ)
10. Provide opportunities

Activity 1. Circle the letter of the best answer



1. Carver was _____________.

a. Born a slave
b. A slave until he was 12

c. A slave until he went to university d. A slave all his life.

2. Carver developed many uses for _______________.

a. Cotton b. Peanuts
c. Glue d. Soil

18

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004
3. In the 1930’s, Carver was _______________.

a. A poor man b. Rich and popular
c. Famous in other countries d. Recognized all over the world.

Activity 2. Circle T if the sentences is true, circle F if the sentences is false.

Correct the false sentences.



T F
T F
1. George’s parents were Moses and Susan Carver
__________________________________________________.


2. Carver was the only black student at Iowa Agricultural College.

__________________________________________________.

3. Carver discovered more than 300 products for sweet potato. T F

___________________________________________________.

4. Carver was called the “Banana Man.” TF

___________________________________________________.

5. Carver gave all his life savings to George Washington Carver

Foundation after he died. TF

__________________________________________________.

C. GRAMMAR





JOB SUFFIXES




This suffix is commonly used to indic
ate a person who does a job related to the


base form of the word to which –er is added. There are no rules, on what suffix to

attached on certain jobs, although a number of patterns emerge. Unskilled or semi-
skilled job-holders are often denoted with …er, whilst those in scientific or medical
professions are often designated with …ist.

But there are many exceptions.

19

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004


The …er suffix is very common, but so is …or. The …ist ending is also quite
common, but so is …an. We also have …ant (accountant, shop assistant, civil
servant, flight attendant), …man (postman, fireman, dustman, barman, draughtsman,
fisherman), …ess (waitress, hostess,Headmistress) …ee (trainee, employee) and …
ive (representative, machine operative), etc.
It is really a matter of learning them and knowing them. Learn them in word
families,for example, teach + er = teacher and bake + er = baker.

Exercise 3: Write the correct occupation





1. Someone who drives a car is a ___________________.

2. Someone who tarcatnssilnatmesovis
ieas _____________________.
3. Someone who is an ________________.


4. Someone who studies the mind is a _______________.

5. Someone who studies the economy is an ___________.
6. Someone who studies rocks and their formation is a ______________.

7. Someone who plays professional football is a _________________.

20

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

D. SPEAKING ACTIVITY

A consonant
(CONSONAN
T CLUSTER) is a group of
consonant sequence
or
cluster, consonant compound,

consonants which have no intervening vowel. It is also called consonant blend which


are groups of two orth
ree consonants in wor
ds that makes a distinct consonant

sound.
DIGRAPHS: these are some words that begin with common digraphs or blends.
13.

sh - shower, shade, shut
1. bl - blab, black, blue


2. br - brace, bracelet, broom 14. sk - skate, skinny, skydive
3. ch - chain, chair, chin 15. sl - slab, slot, slow

4. cl - clad, claim, clear 16. sm - smack, smash, smog

5. cr - crab, crack, cracker 17. sn - snack, snow, sneeze

6. dr - drab, draft, drag 18. sp - spa, sponsor, spy

7. fl - flab, flush, flag 19. st - street, students, storm

8. fr - fraction, fry, frugal 20. sw - swab, swim, sweater

9. gl - glad, gleam glue 21. th - thank, this, thorn

10. gr - grace groan, greet 22. tr - trace, trolley, traffic

11. pl - pray, pronoun, pry 23. tw - tweak, twitter, twin

12. sc - scale, screw, scorpion 24. wh - whale, white, why

E. WRITING ACTIVIT
Y (homework)

The story of George Washington Carv
er is a narrative. A Narrative relates a story
oafcceovrednintsgotor aactnioantusr.aNl taimrraetisveeqpuuetnsceev(eอnน
ุtsกรinม)t.ime and tells us what happened

In a narrative, time order words and phrases are used to show the order in which

events happen.


Example:

first (second, etc.) enveexnt tuall
y then
when a few days later.


21

finally after ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004
meanwhile one day

in 1940 soon
afterward
after a while
for the next 5 years

1. Write a narrative essay about yourself (life story)
2. Font should be Times New Romans, font size is 12, double space. Write at least

800 words.

___________________________________________________________________
_
____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

22

Unit 4: TEA, ANYONE? ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

A. READING TEXT



There is a saying that the

British like a nice cup of tea in the
morning and a nice cup oftea at night.
They like a nice cup of tea with their
dinner and a nice cup of tea with their
tea, and before they go to bed, there’s
a lot to be said for a nice cup of tea!
Sometimes it seems that no one likes
tea quite as much as the British do.


But, in fact it is popular around the world especially in Asia. Tea is an

aromatic beverage commonly prepared by pouring hot or boiling water over
cured leaves of the Camellia sinensis, an evergreen shrub native to Asia.
After water, it is the most widely consumed drink in the World.

Tea originated in the Southwest of China, the popular legend says tea
was discovered by Emperor Shennong. It was used as a medical drink. It
became a popular drink throughout China during the Tang Dynasty, and tea
drinking spread to other East Asian countries. Portuguese priests and
merchants introduced it to the West during the 16th century. During the 17th
Century, drinking tea became fashionable among British people. There are
manydifferent types of tea; some teas, like Darjeeling and Chinese greens,
have a cooling, slightly bitter, and astringent flavor, while others have vastly
different profiles that include sweet, nutty, floral, or grassy notes.

In China and Japan, tea was first used as a medicine, it wasn’t until many


years later that people there drank tea as a beverage. Because tea had been

considered a scared remedy, it was always served with much ceremony.
When Chinese first started drinking tea, they didn’t use teapots. Instead, they
put leaves and hot water into a small bowl with a cover. Drinkers would bring
the bowl to their lips and lift the cover very slightly with their forefingers just
enough to drink the liquid but not the leaves

2
3

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

In Japan, Tea drinking follows a very strict ritual that was set down in the
15th Century by the first great master, Shuko. This tea ceremony is still
performed today. Guest must wash their hands and faces and remove their
shows before entering the tearoom through a lowdoorway that forces them to
stoop and appear humble. As the guest kneel or sit crossed legged on mats,
the host places a spoonful of powdered green tea into a special bowl, adds
boiling water and then stirs it with a bamboo whisk. In early ceremonies guest
drink in the same bowl but later the host served it in individual bowls. The
guest sips the tea slowly, they are expected to throw back their heads and take
a final sip with a loud sound to show how good the tea is.

In the UK, the British like to be formal and dignified when they serve tea.
They served black tea in China cups with handles and matching saucers. In
Britain, tea is made in a pot,using one teaspoonful of tea leaves for each cup
plus one extra teaspoonful for the pot. Boiling water is poured into a pot, and
the tea is left for about 5 minutes before the host pours for the guest.

Many interesting tea customs have developed over the centuries. In


India, for example, you might drink tea with a lot of milk, sugar, cinnamon and

cardamom. The Burmese soak tea leaves in oil and garlic and eat this
mixture with dried fish. In Thailand, people chew tea leaves seasoned with
salt and other spices. In Iran, perfumed tea is a favorite. It is made by leaving
flowers or herbs in the tea container for several days. In Morocco, tea is
prepared in bras or silver teapot to which sugar and mint are added. Then the
tea is served in small glasses with mint leaves. If guests accept an offer of
tea, they are expected to drink at least three glasses.

Regardless of where and how tea is prepared and served, many
people consider it to be an important part of their social life. Having a cup of
tea provides reason of getting together and sharing a moment of
conversation. Tea may no longer be considered a sacred cure for allillness,
but it is a remedy for both the body and the spirit in our sometimes frantic
lives.

24

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

B. VOCABULARY


1. Popular (ฮิต) - liked, admired, or enjoyed by many people or by a particular

person or group.

2. Aromatic (หอมหวน) - having a pleasant and distinctive smell.

3. Medical (ทางการแพทย์) - relating to the science of medicine.

4. Merchant (พ่อค้า) - a retail trader; a store owner.

5. Beverage (เครื)องดื)ม) - a drink, especially one other than water.

6. Humble (อ่อนน้อมถ่อมตน) - low estimate of one's own importance.

7. Whisk (ปัด) - beat or stir with a light rapid movement.

8. Mixture (สารผสม) - a substance made by mixing other substances together.

9. Container (ผอก) - an object that can be used to hold or transport something.

10. Frantic (บ้า) - wild or distraught with fear, anxiety, or other emotion

Activity 1. Circle the letter of the correct answer

1. Tea ________________________________.


a. is taken in much the same way everywhere.

b. has led to the development of many different customs.
c. was popular as a social drink before used as a remedy.
d. is popular in every country.

2. The tea ceremony in Japan ______________________.
a. is formal and complicated.
b. is similar to the British was of serving tea.
c. was borrowed from the Chinese.
d. is practiced whenever the Japanese drink tea.

3. Regardless of the country, tea is __________________.
a. an important part of social life.
b. served very formally.
c. always offered to guests.
d. used as a medicine

25

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

Activity 2. Circle T if the sentences is true, circle F if the sentences
is false. Correct the false sentences.

1. Tea was first used as a medicine in China and Japan. T F
__________________________________________________. T F
T F

2. Drinking tea never became an important part of Chinese life. T F
T F
___________________________________________________.
3. The British drink tea only in the morning and evening .
___________________________________________________.
4. In India, you might get cardamom in your tea.
___________________________________________________.
5. In Morocco, a guest is expected to drink only one glass of tea.
___________________________________________________.

C. GRAMMAR



ADVERB OF FREQUENCY


These Adverbs are used to show the duration or timing of the action that is

happening/had happened/will happen. They also tell us how often and how long these
actions would be.

There are two types: An adverb that describes definite frequency is one such as
weekly/every week, daily/every day, or yearly/every year, etc. An adverb describing
indefinite frequency doesn’t specify an exact time frame; examples are always, usually,
sometimes, often, etc.

26

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

1. DEFINITE FREQUENCY - Adverbs of definite frequency occur at the beginning or
theend of a sentence.

• The library is open every day.
• Every day, some employees go out for lunch.
• He visits his grandpapa every two weeks.
• The moon waxes and wanes every month.
• This medicine is to be taken hourly.

2. INDEFINITE FREQUENCY - Adverbs of indefinite frequency occur in the middle of
thesentence. Where exactly it is placed depends on the type of verbs in the sentence.

2.1. An adverb of frequency goes before a main verb (except with to Be).

Subject + adverb + main verb
• I always remember to do my homework

27

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

• He normally gets good marks in exams

2.2. An adverb of frequency goes after the verb To Be.

Subject + to be + adverb
• They are never pleased to see me.
• She isn’t usually bad tempered.

2.3. When we use an auxiliary verb (have, will, must, might, could, would, can, etc.), the
adverb is placed between the auxiliary and the main verb. This is also true for to be.

Subject + auxiliary + adverb + main verb
• He can sometimes beat me in a race
• I would hardly ever be unkind to someone
• They might never see each other again
• They could occasionally be heard laughing.

2.4. We can also use the following adverbs at the start of a sentence:
Usually, normally, often, frequently, sometimes, occasionally
• Occasionally, I like to eat Thai food.

2.5. BUT we cannot use the following at the beginning of a sentence :
Always, seldom, rarely, hardly, ever, never.

2.6. We use hardly ever and never with positive, not negative verbs:
• She hardly ever comes to my parties.
• They never say 'thank you’.

28

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

2.7. We use ever in questions and negative statements:
• Have you ever been to New Zealand?
• I haven't ever been to Switzerland. (The same as 'I have never been
Switzerland').

Exercise 1


1. Our teacher, Mrs. Jones, (never / be) late for lessons.

2. I (often / clean) my bedroom at the weekend.
3. My brother (hardly ever / help) me with my homework.
4. I (sometimes / be) bored in the math lessons.
5. We (rarely / watch) football on TV.
6. You and Tony (never / play) computer games with me.
7. You (usually / be) at the sports center on Sunday.
8. The school bus (always / arrive) at half past eight.

D. SPEAKING ACTIVITY



(CONSONANT CLUSTER)


A consonant cluster, consonant sequence or consonant compound, is a group of


consonants which have no intervening vowel. It is also called consonant blend which are

groups of two or three consonants in words that makes a distinct consonant sound.

TRIGRAPHS: is a group of three characters used to represent a single sound or a
combination of sounds that does not correspond to the written letters combined.

1. sch - schedule, scholar, school 6. spr – sprain, spring, sprite
2. scr – scram, scroll, screw 7. squ – squat, squirrel, squid
3. shr – shrank, shrub, shrimp 8. str – straight, strong, stripe
4. sph – sphere, sphinx, spherical 9. thr – thrash, threw, throne
5. spl – splashm split, splendor
29

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

E. WRITING ACTIVITY (Homework)






1. Write an essay about your culture and how it is different from other countries.
2. Give examples of unique culture to us that can never be found anywhere else.
3. Use the adverb of frequency in your essay.
4. Font should be Times New Romans, font size is 12, double space. Write at least

800 words.

30

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

Unit 5: FOOD CUSTOMS IN IRAN




A. READING TEXT



Food customs around the world are

strongly connected
to culture, tradition, and
geography. We can
see this in my country,


Iran. It has a variable climate, which gives

us the advantage of having a large variety

of foods to eat. However, what we eat is

still influenced by our traditions and

geography, as we can see in the similarities

and differences between the north and

south Iran.

Many of the food customs are similar everywhere in the country. For example, in
both northern and southern Iran, food is eaten with one’s hand and a piece of bread instead
of using utensils. Rice is an important staple food in Iran, and it is a part of almost every
meal in both the north and the south. Another similarity between the north and the south
is eating fish, since both areas are near seas: The Caspian Sea in the north and the Persian
Gulf in the south.

Because the north of Iran is quite different from the south, there are several
differences in eating habits between the two areas, northern Iran faces Caspian Sea where
we find special fish from which the famous caviar is made, which northerners love to eat.
Because of the Mediterranean climate in the north, rice is one of the major crops, and it
plays an importantrole at the table on northern Iran. It is served at all ceremonies. As a
tradition, northerners conduct a rice ceremony every year by putting rice twigs in the
paddy and singing songs. In southern Iran, which faces the Persian Gulf, a variety of
seafood, especially the white fish, make up the favorite dishes. Although rice is important
ad a part of most meals, the south isbetter known for its vegetables and fruits. Dates, in
particular, are important and are a major export to Western countries.

In conclusion, Iran is a large country with a diverse geography and people. As in
alllarge countries, a variety of customs can be found on all points of the compass. Food
customs in particular are influenced by climate and location, making Iran a very interesting
country inwhich to live and eat.

31

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

B. VOCABULARY



1. Climate (ภูมิประเทศ) - the prevailing trend of public opinion or of another aspect of

2. Advantage public tlhifee.opportun
ity to gain something; benefit or profit.
(ความได้เปรียบ) -
3. Geography (ภูมิศาสตร์) - is a field of scienc
e devoted to the study of the lands,


features, inhabitants, and phenomena of the Earth and planets.

4. Utensil (เครื)องมือ) - an implement, container, or other article, especially for

household use.

5. Staple (แกน) - a main or important element of something

6. Major (สําคัญ) - important, serious, or significant.

7. Tradition (ประเพณี) - the transmission of customs or beliefs from generation to

generation, or the fact of being passed on in this way.

8. Variety (ความหลากหลาย) - a thing which differs in some way from others of the

same general class or sort; a type.

9. Diverse (หลากหลาย) - showing a great deal of variety; very different.

10. Influence (มีอิทธิพล) - the capacity to have an effect on the character, development,

or behavior of someone or something, or the effect itself.

Activity 1. Write the correct answer in the blank. Use the words in the

vocabulary section.

1. Frank was a good _______________
___ to her.

2. The _us_e__of__d_ru_g_s_i_s_a________o_f_T_h_a_il_a_n_d
_is_ problem all over the world.
3. The very unique.
4. Nina went to the thrift store to buy s
ome cooking _____________.


5. It is part of their _________________ to offer food for their dead relatives
every all souls day.

6. Rice is the ____________ food in Asia.

7. Philippines has a culturally ________________ population.

8. The current economic ____________ of the country is really good so far.

9. The companies with a computerized database are at an ______________.

10. The center offers a _________________ of leisure activities.

32

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

C. GRAMMAR

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE





past.PTrehseentitmpeertfhe

actt tense is used to ident
ify the connection between the present and the
something happened w
as before or in the past, but is not clearly


stated. And pay more attention to the outcome than the action itself.

Present perfect te
nse ใช้เพื่อระบุความเชื่อมโยงระหว่างปัจจุบันและอดีต เวลาที่สิ่งนั้น ๆ เกิดขึ้น คือ
ก่อนหน้านี้หรือในอดี
ตแต่ไม่ได้ ระบุไว้อยางชัดเจน ่ และให้ความสนใจกับผลลัพธ์มากกว่าตัวการกระทําเอง ่




PRESENT PERFECT is used to described:



1. What started in the past and continues to
do today (สิ่งที่เริ่มต้นทําในอดีตและยังคงทํา
ต่อเนื่องมาจนถึงปั จจุบัน)


- They haven't lived here for years.


- She has worked in the bank for five years.

- We have had the same car for ten years.

33

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

- Have you played the piano since you were a child?

2. When the period referred to has not yet been completed (เมื่อช่วงระยะเวลาที่อ้างถึงยัง
ไม่เสร็จสิ้น)

- I have worked hard this week.
- It has rained a lot this year.
- We haven't seen her today.

3. A repetitive occurrence in a specific time between the past and the present.
(สิ่งที่เกิดขึ้นซํ้า ๆ ในช่วงเวลา ใดเวลาหนึ่งที่ไม่ได้ระบุไว้อย่างเจาะจงระหว่างอดีตและปัจจุบัน ่ )

- They have seen that film six times
- It has happened several times already.
- She has visited them frequently.
- We have eaten at that restaurant many times.

4. Something that was just done a moment ago (+ just). (สิ่งที่พึ่งทําเสร็จไปเมื่อสักครู่ที่
ผ่านมา (+ ่ just)

- Have you just finished work?
- I have just eaten.
- We have just seen her.
- Has he just left?

5. Certain actions for which time are not important or clearly identified indicators.
(การกระทําบางอยางที่ เวลาไม่ใช่ตัวบ่งชี้ที่สําคัญหรือไม่ได้ระบุไว้อย่างชัดเจน ่ )

- Someone has eaten my soup!
- Have you seen 'Gone with the Wind'?
- She's studied Japanese, Russian, and English.

34

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

D. WRITING ACTIVITY ( Homework)

1. Compare and contrast the food in two areas or regions of your country.
2. Font should be Times New Romans, font size is 12, double space. Write at least

800 words.

E. SPEAKING ACTIVITY

1. Report to the class the food in your country

35

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

Unit 6: ENGLISH AROUND THE WORLD




A. READING TEXT


Do you speak English? That question

is frequently asked in countries around the
world. Although there are almost 3,000
languages, English is the most universal. It
is the official language in over 40
countries and the most used language in
international business, science and
medicine.

Even in countries where English is not the first language, a number of
English words are used. No other language is borrowed from more often than
English. For example, a French worker looks forward to le weekend. A Romanian
shopper catches a ride on the trolleybus. A Chinese businessperson talks to on the
te le fung (telephone). Some Swedish school girls have started making plural forms
of words by adding –s, as in English, instead of the Swedish was of adding –ar, -or,
or –er.

Hundreds of words borrowed from English can now be found in other
languages, words such as soda, hotel, gold, tennis, jeans, O.K., baseball and airport.
Although many words areused as they are, others are changed to make them more
like the native language and therefore easier to say and remember. Thus, a Japanese
worker gets stuck in rushawa (rush-hour) traffic. A Spanish mother tells her child to
put on her suiter (sweater), and a Ukrainian man goes to the barber for a herkot
(haircut).

English is everywhere. It is on signs, clothing, soft drinks and household
products around the world. In spite of the popularity of English words and phrases,
however, they are not always welcome. Some people think that the use of English
words is threatening the purity of their native language, in 1975, the French started
a commission to try to top and even give

36

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

fines for, the use of English words. Some countries have tried to eliminate English as
their official language in order to save their native tongue.

On the other hand, some people believe that English should be the
international language. They give a number of reasons for this, such as, the cost of
translation and misunderstandings that result from language differences. They
believe that things would run more smoothly if everyone spoke the same language.

“What would become of our many different culture?” others argue. “certainly
the world would be a much less interesting place,” they add. Indeed, there are
serious concern on the partof language experts that many languages are
disappearing. In some parts of the world, only a few people are left who can speak
the native tongue, In Ireland, for example, there are only a few small areas where
people speak Gaelic, the native Irish language. One expert says that halfof the
world’s languages are dying because children are no longer learning them.

Languages have changed and disappeared throughout history. With progress,
change is inevitable. Some things are worth preserving. Others are not. The difficulty
is in deciding what is worth keeping. Because people have a very strong feeling
about the importance of their native language, we probably will not have a universal
language in the near future. What iscertain, however, is that English worlds will
continue to pop-up everywhere, from Taiwan toTimbuktu, whether some people like
it or not.

B. VOCABULARY

1. Frequently (บ่อยๆ) - regularly or habitually; often.

2. Borrow (ยืม) - take and use (something that belongs to someone

else) with the intention of returning it.

3. Threatened (คุกคาม) in danger

4. Fines (ปรับโทษ) - punishment in the form of taking money.

5. Eliminate (กําจัด) - remove/ get rid of

6. Concern (กังวล) - worry

37

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

7. Dying (เฮือกสุดท้าย) - in decline and about to disappear.
8. Inevitable (แน่นอน) - impossible to stop
9. Preserve (อนุรักษ์) - take care of/ keep
10. Pop up (ปรากฏ) - appear

Activity 1. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the word in
capital letters. You may use your dictionary.

1. UNDERSTAND

a. It is understandable that some people dislike foreign words in their language.
b. I ___________________ instructions because they used many words that I

knew from English.



2. SPEAK

b. English is ___________ in many countries around the world.
c. ____________ English can help you in business, science, and medicine.




3. THREAT

a. Some people feel that English is a __________ to their own native language.
b. Others feel that English does not ______________ other languages but can

be an international language.

C. SPEAKING ACTIVITY
TAG QUESTIONS



Tag questions are something like negative questions. They are used when
someone thinks he or she knows an answer and wants confirmation. There are
two very commonly used types of tag questions--one made from affirmative ( + )
sentences, the other made from negative ( - ) sentences:

38

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

• He's from Italy, isn't he? /He isn't from Italy, is he?
• She speaks Estonian, doesn't she? /She doesn't speak Estonian, does she?
• They'd left when you arrived, hadn't they? /They hadn't left when you arrived,

had they?

TAG QUESTIONS (INTONATION)

1. Falling Intonation 


When someone asks a tag question and the question tag has falling
intonation, the person who asks the questions is fairly sure that the statement
before the tag ending is correct. Because the person asking the question is not
100% sure, however, he or she still wants confirmation.

• I have told you not to run, haven't I?  (Mother telling her son after her
son falls.)

• It is a beautiful view, isn't it?  (...We are all enjoying it.)
• You know I hate this movie, don't you?  (...And yet we are watching it.)

2. Rising Intonation 

When someone asks a tag question and the tag has rising intonation, in a
rising intonation the speaker is not as confident of his/her statement and he/she
is asking the other person to find out about it.

• He didn't go to school yesterday, did he?  (Did he really go to school
yesterday?)

• Jack paid for the dinner, didn't he?  (I hope he paid for the dinner...
did he?)

• You told her I wasn't going to the party, didn't you?  (Did you forget to
tell her?)

39

Exercise 1. Circle the correct intonation ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

1. Cebu is the capital of Thailand, isn’t it? 
2. Terrible weather, isn’t it? 
3. She speaks Russian, doesn’t she? 
4. He is from Surat, isn’t he? 
5. English is difficult, isn’t it? 

D. WRITING ACTIVITY (homework)

1. Write an essay. Why have languages disappeared throughout history? Give


some example

2. Use the present continuous and present simple in the paragraph.
3. Font should be Times New Romans, font size is 12, double space. Write at least

800 words.

40

ACADEMIC ENGLISH 936-004

References:

16 tenses in English grammar (Formula and examples). (2020, June 4).
ExamPlanning. https://examplanning.com/16-tenses-in-english-


grammar- formula-and examples/

Adverbs of frequency. (2020, April 3). English Grammar Games and Notes -
Woodward

English. https://www.grammar.cl/Basic/Adverbs_Frequency.htm
Blends, digraphs, trigraphs, and other letter combinations. (n.d.). Enchanted
Learning.

https://www.enchantedlearning.com/consonantblends/
Broukal, M. (2015). Weaving it together 3. Heinle & Heinle Pub.
English Tutor. (2019, July 17). Adverbs of frequency | 2 types of adverbs of
frequency with useful examples.

ESL Grammar. https://eslgrammar.org/adverbs-of-frequency/
Linking vowel to vowel. (n.d.). EnglishClub - Learn or Teach English Today.

https://www.englishclub.com/pronunciation/linking-3.htm
Mega goal 6 student book ชั้นมัธยมศึกษาปี ที่ 6: หนังสือเรียน รายวิชาพื้นฐาน ภาษา
อังกฤษ กลุ่มสาระการเรียนรู้ ภาษาต่างประเทศ ตามหลักสูตรแกนกลางการศึกษาขั้นพื้นฐาน
พุทธศักราช 2551. (2012).
Shrives, C. (n.d.). Regular verbs | What are regular verbs? Free English Grammar
Lessons and Tests.

https://www.grammarmonster.com/glossary/regular_verbs.htm
There is there are - English grammar rules. (2020, February 8). English
Grammar Games and Notes - Woodward English.

https://www.grammar.cl/Present/ThereIsThereAre.htm
Understanding and using tag questions (#3). (n.d.). Home Page
ESL. HTTPS://WWW.ESLCAFE.COM/RESOURCES/GRAMMAR-LESSONS/TAG-

QUESTIONS/UNDERSTANDING AND-USING-TAG-QUESTIONS-3

41