Modul BI 16 VOL 1

PANITIA BAHASA INGGERIS
SK (FELDA) REDONG, SEGAMAT

MODUL TRIUMPH REDONG VOL.1

NO UNIT CONTENTS PAGE

1 - Contents 3
7
2 Unit 1 Articles 10
11
3 Unit 2 Nouns 12
15
4 Unit 3 Proper Nouns 20
22
5 Unit 4 Countable & Uncountable Nouns 23
25
6 Unit 5 Collective Nouns 29
33
7 Unit 6 Pronouns 36
39
8 Unit 7 Reflexive Pronouns 48
51
9 Unit 8 Demonstrative Pronouns 53
55
10 Unit 9 Verbs 57
63
11 Unit 10 Subject Verb Agreement 67
74
12 Unit 11 Auxiliary Verbs / Modals 77
80
13 Unit 12 Verb To Be 86
95
14 Unit 13 Simple Present Tense

15 Unit 14 Simple Past Tense

16 Unit 15 Simple Future Tense

17 Unit 16 Progressive Tense – Past & Present

18 Unit 17 Past Progressive Tense

19 Unit 18 Present Progressive

20 Unit 19 Prepositions

21 Unit 20 Adverbs

22 Unit 21 Adjectives

23 Unit 22 Questions Tag

24 Unit 23 Wh-Questions

25 Unit 24 Conjunctions

26 Unit 25 Punctuation

27 BONUS 100 Questions Grammar Practice

2|Modul Triumph Redong Vol. 1 – Mia Antasha

UNIT 1 : ARTICLES

 These are the words a, an and the which usually comes before the nouns or adjectives.
1. Definite article – the

This refers to something specific or definite. The usually means ‘You know which ones(s)
I’m talking about’.

E.g.: i. Anne received the award for bravery. (a specific award)
ii. ‘Wait for me at the Kerinchi LRT station’. (a specific place)
iii. Can I use the phone? (the hearer knows that this means ‘your phone’)

2. Indefinite article – a / an

This is non-specific or indefinite. A / an shows that we are talking about one person or

thing. We often use a / an:

 in descriptions He’s got a loud voice.
She’s an interesting person.

 when we say what something is, or what somebody’s job is.

This is a return ticket. I’m an engineer.

3. Zero article – (-)

(-) No article is used before the names of countries, cities, streets, continents, lakes,
mountains, villages, etc.

He lives in (-) Toronto, a large city in (-) Canada on the shores of (-)
Lake Ohio.

(-) No article is also common before uncountable, plural and often abstract nouns when
we are talking about things in general.

Have we got any (-) milk?
(-) Oranges are nicer than (-) apples.

In general, an is used when the word following it begins with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u):
an umbrella, an elephant, an octopus, an idea, an apple.

BUT

- If the first letter of the word is a vowel, but sounds like a consonant, then use a: a used
car, a useful gadget.

- If the first letter of the word is a consonant, but sounds like a vowel, then use an: an
hour, an honest man, an MG sports car.

3|Modul Triumph Redong Vol. 1 – Mia Antasha

EXERCISE 1
Fill in the blanks with ‘a’ or ‘an’

1. __________egg 3. ________ dog
2. _________ house 4. ________ university

EXERCISE 2
Fill in the blanks with (-), the or a

1. I speak _____ French.
2. I often listen to _________ radio.
3. _________ phone is downstairs in ___________ kitchen.
4. _________ Canada is a big country.
5. She’s got __________ nice face and ___________ blue eyes.
6. This table is made of _________ glass.

EXERCISE 3
Fill in the blanks with a, an or the

1 Mr Lee bought _______ big bungalow last month.
2 Ramli wants to be __________ pilot when he grows up.
3. Mei Ling is ___________ honest girl.
4. ________ fire broke out in that house _______ hour ago.
5. ________ plane is flying high up in _________ sky.
6. My father works in ________ office.
7 Take _______ class register to _______ office.
8 ____________ earth moves around ___________ sun.
9 Sabrina gave ________ orange to _________ beggar outside the gate.
10 _____________ sun rises in __________ east.
11 She is going to take _________ bus to get to _______ railway station.
12 _________ bat lives in __________ cave.
13. My brother studies in ________ university in Kuala Lumpur.
4|Modul Triumph Redong Vol. 1 – Mia Antasha

14 She is wearing a __________ uniform to school.
15 ____________ sky is blue.
16 ___________ old lady walked across the busy road.
17 She bought _________ umbrella to school.
18 Adrian is _________Eurasian boy.
19 ___________ Indian girl in the blue dress was crying just now.
20 I saw __________ eagle flying in __________ sky.

NOTES

We often use a / an to talk about a person or thing for the first time; and the when
we talk about the person or thing again.

A man walked up to a policeman. The man took out a map and asked the policeman ...

Remember: We don’t use a / an with plurals. We can use the with plurals.
e.g. She bought the shoes last week.

EXERCISE 4
Fill in the blanks with a , an or the.

A Bag in a Bag

This is a true story. Last year I went into 1_________ big sports shop because I wanted
2_________ sports bag. 3___________ assistant came up to me, and I told him what I
wanted. 4___________ assistant brought me three different bags. I chose 5__________
smallest one and paid for it. 6___________ assistant put 7__________ bag in 8_________
large plastic bag. I told him one bag was enough, and asked him to take 9________ bag out
of 10________ other bag. He did so, but he looked very unhappy as I walked out of
11__________ shop.

5|Modul Triumph Redong Vol. 1 – Mia Antasha

EXERCISE 5
Fill in the blanks with ‘a’ or ‘an’.

1. She is ______ nurse.
2. He is _______ engineer.
3. He is _______ doctor.
4. She is _______ stewardess.
5. He is _______ army officer.
6. She is _______ waitress.
7. He is ________ inspector.
8. She is _______usheress.
9. He is ________ dentist
10. She is ______ headmistress.

EXERCISE 6
Fill in the blanks with a, an or the.

1. Did you buy a Proton or ________ Ford?
2. Does he know _______________ man at the corner?
3. She has _________________ secret to tell you.
4. What time does _________________ train leave?
5. Ali ate ________________ apple and drank a bottle of Coke.
6. Did you see _______________ accident?
7. He met _______________ elegant lady at the party.
8. ____________________ teacher is angry with us.
9. I did not see __________________ elephant in the picture.
10. Is that _________________ snake in that tree?

6|Modul Triumph Redong Vol. 1 – Mia Antasha

UNIT 2 : NOUNS

 Nouns are called naming words. They are the names of people, animals, places and
things.

EXERCISE 1 wife bride queen teacher
Fill in the blanks. nurse lecturer secretary grandmother

Daughter
Headmistress

1. My mother is a _______________.She takes care of sick people.
2. Ashok and his _________ have three children.
3. Mr. and Mrs. Guna have two sons and a ______________.
4. Rubini’s ____________________ gave presents to all her grandchildren.
5. Puan Romizah is our ______________ . She comes to school very early in the

morning.
6. The king and ____________visited the old folks home last week.
7. The manager and his ________________ attended the meeting last Monday.
8. The bridegroom and his beautiful ______________ are dressed in blue.
9. Madame Ganes is an excellent __________. She teaches us English in our school.
10.Pn Laily is a very humble and helpful ___________.All her college students like her.

7|Modul Triumph Redong Vol. 1 – Mia Antasha

EXERCISE 2
Underline the nouns in these sentences.
1. The careless boy lost his pen.
2. I went to the market with my mother.
3. The girl fell down the stairs.
4. My grandfather has an old car.
5. The typist works in the post office.
6. The fishermen are drying their nets in the sun.
7. The scout jumped into the pond to save the child.
8. The robbers broke into the shop and took all the money.

EXERCISE 3
Underline the correct answer.

1. The ( boys , boy ) are playing badminton.
2. Can I have a plate of ( rice , milk ).
3. The ( horse , horse’s) tail is bushy.
4. Please put (a little , many ) salt into the soup.
5. ( A herd , A staff ) of cows are grazing in the field.
6. The ( twins , cousins ) looks like each other.
7. ( Buffaloes, Donkeys ) are very useful farm animals.
8. You can put your pencils in this ( case, purse ).

8|Modul Triumph Redong Vol. 1 – Mia Antasha

EXERCISE 4
Write the masculine form for the words given.

FEMININE MASCULINE
Eg. girl - boy
- father
mother

1. wife - _____________
2. bride - _____________
3. daughter - _____________
4. heiress - _____________
5. niece - _____________
6. bridesmaid - _____________
7. princess - _____________
8. headmistress - _____________
9. policewoman - _____________
10. woman - _____________
11. sister-in-law - _____________
12. heroine - _____________
13. lady - _____________
14. widow - _____________
15. waitress - _____________
16. steward - _____________
17. salesgirl - _____________

9|Modul Triumph Redong Vol. 1 – Mia Antasha

UNIT 3 : PROPER NOUNS

 Special names given to a person, animal, place or things are called Proper Nouns.
 Proper nouns always start with capital letters.

No Category Proper Noun

1. People The Prime Minister, Syafiq Elias, Mohd Ali

2. Places Malaysia, Kangar, Jalan Telawi, Kota Tinggi

3. Buildings Concord Inn, Putra World Trade, Petronas Twin Tower

4. Objects Parker pen, Nokia handphone, Proton Saga

5. Animals Garfield, Mickey Mouse, Winnie Pooh

EXERCISE 1
Rewrite the sentences using the correct punctuation.

1. last year the national day celebration was held in putrajaya.
________________________________________________________________

2. malaysians proudly fly the jalur gemilang.
_________________________________________________________________

3. national day is celebrated in august.
_________________________________________________________________

4. my friend bought a proton waja last month.
_________________________________________________________________

10 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

UNIT 4 : COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

 Countable nouns are nouns that can be counted such as books, pencils, cars and tvs.
 Uncountable nouns are nouns that cannot be counted such as sugar, air, water and

hair.

EXERCISE 1
Underline the correct answer.

1. I do not have ( many, much) time to complete my work.
2. Can I have ( some, a few) tomato sauce.
3. There are ( much, many) things that you can do in your free time.
4. We need ( a lot of, many) energy to carry the cupboard.
5. They poured (some, a few) water into the vase.
6. I saw (many, much) animals in the zoo.
7. The children ate ( some, much) sandwiches.
8. There are only (much, a few) pieces of paper left on the table.
9. I need (a lot of , a few) money to buy the expensive bracelet.
10. Not (many, much) people turned up for the concert.
11. They were scolded because they made ( many, a lot of) noise.
12. ( A lot of, Many) of the children were not feeling well and had to be sent home.
13. We have got (much, a few) new teachers this year.
14. I don’t have any money left. Can you lend me ( some, much)?
15. The Smith’s family will spend ( a lot of , a few) days in Hawaii.

11 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

EXERCISE 2
There is only ONE mistake in each sentence. Underline it and rewrite each sentence
correctly.
Example :

There are too much pupils in this class.
There are too many pupils in this class.

1. I want any fried rice for lunch.
_________________________________________________________

2. He does not have much sisters. He is an only child.
_________________________________________________________

3. We have a little magazines in our house.
_________________________________________________________

4. Is there a lot of onions in the basket.
_________________________________________________________

5. Mr Lee has much relatives.
_________________________________________________________

6. That man hasn’t some hair on his head.
_________________________________________________________

7. My mother is cooking many soup.
_________________________________________________________

8. Please give me a piece of trousers.
_________________________________________________________

12 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

UNIT 5 : COLLECTIVE NOUN

 A collective noun is the name of a number of persons, animals or things grouped
together and spoken of as one whole.

Here are more collective nouns for you.

 a company of actors
 a host of angels
 a gang of labourers
 a bevy of girls/ ladies/ beauties
 a bench of magistrates
 a tribe of natives
 a posse of policemen
 a crew of sailors
 a choir of singers
 a team of players
 a staff of teachers
 a circle of friends
 a band of magicians
 a haggle of vendors
 a monastery of monks
 a convent of nuns
 a shush of librarians
 an army of soldiers
 an audience of spectators
 an embassy of diplomats

13 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

EXERCISE 1
Fill in the blanks with correct collective nouns.

1. a ___staff __ of teachers.
2. a __________ of sheep.
3. a __________ of students.
4. a __________ of people.
5. a __________ of executives.
6. a __________ of members.
7. a __________ of jurors.
8. a __________ of ships.
9. a __________ of flowers
10. an __________ of spectators.
11. a __________ of people.
12. a __________ of stamps
13. an _________ of musicians.
14. a __________ of players
15. a __________ of workers.
16. a __________ of sailors.

EXERCISE 2
For each of the following, underline the correct answer.

1. An ( army , crew , group ) of soldiers marched to the camp.

2. The deer was attacked by a ( school, pack, team ) of wolves.

3. What is that ( set , pair , pack ) of tools doing under the car.

4. There is a ( flock, nest, litter) of mice in the drawer.

5. A ( troupe, group, party) of dancers came to our school concert last year.

6. The small girl sang a song in front of a ( tribe, staff , crew ) of teachers.
7. I bought a ( comb, bouquet , stalk ) of flowers for my mother on Mothers’ Day.

8. My father bought a ( bar, loaf , slice ) of bread for breakfast.
14 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

9. Kassim gave his sick grandmother a ( comb, bunch, pack ) of grapes.
10. The girls saw a ( gang, herd , group ) of cows in the field.
11. The office is at the top of that ( flight , row , group ) of stairs.
12. She ordered a ( suit , suite , row ) of furniture for her new house.
13. The boys were chased by a ( herd , troop , pack ) of stray dogs.
14. Miss Tan has a ( stack , group , chest ) exercise books to mark.
15. We listened to a ( troupe , band , collection ) of musicians in the park.
16. The fisherman saw a ( school , flock , swarm ) of whales in the ocean.
17. My father bought a ( string , bundle , bouquet ) of pearls for my mother.
18. The ( team , crew , pride ) of hockey players from my school is very good.
19. There is a ( heap , collection , bundle ) of rubbish under the tree.
20. Please show me your ( group , collection , pack ) of stamps.
21. Last night I saw a ( collection , cluster , bouquet ) of stars in the sky.
22. The Philippines is made up a ( string , herd , group ) of islands.
23. The money is in that ( stack , chest, flights ) of drawers.
24. I saw a ( troop , herd , group ) of monkeys in the zoo.
25. Muthu is looking after his ( flock , herd , group ) of cows.

15 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

UNIT 6 : PRONOUNS

 We use pronouns to replace nouns.
 We also use pronouns to avoid repeating the same nouns in every sentence.

Below are three classes of personal pronouns.

First person the speaker I, we, me, us
Second person
the person spoken to you
Third person neither the speaker nor the he, she, it, him, her, they,

speaker talking to them

Here are some examples of how personal pronouns can be used to replace nouns.

 First person
Mariam and I went to the cinema.

We went to the cinema.

 Second person
“John, will you be playing football this afternoon?” asked Ravi.

 Third person
Ramesh admires Mr. Lee greatly.

He also respects him as a very good teacher.

16 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

EXERCISE 1
Fill in each blank with a suitable personal pronoun from the box below.

them they he her us
she you we they him

1. Robert went out to play after ______he____ had taken his lunch.
2. Nomads are wanderers and ______________ do not have any fixed homes.
3. Have you seen Susan? I have not seen _____________ since last week.
4. The gardener told _____________ not to play near the road but we did not listen.
5. The old man wanted to cross the road, so I helped ___________
6. My friend and I joined the army. ____________ wanted to be soldiers.
7. Although whales are mammals, _______________ live in the sea.
8. My sister dreamt that ________________ was flying like a bird.
9. I came to your house because I wanted to talk to _____________ urgently.
10. My friends made me join _____________ for a drink.

17 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

EXERCISE 2 ourselves He
Fill in the blanks with suitable pronouns. their her

you they These

Whose We It

1. _______________ plants belong to Mrs Leong.
2. Ahmad has a cute cat. __________ is from Bangkok.
3. Mr and Mrs Lee took ___________ children to the zoo.
4. We built the sandcastles all by ______________ .
5. ____________ mother works as a teacher?
6. The dog is fierce. __________ barks at strangers.
7. The boys are happy because __________ father bought for them some presents.
8. ___________ pen is this?
9. ___________ apples are sour.
10. We did the homework all by ____________________ .
11. _____________ is helping his father in the workshop.
12. Mrs Tan is not at home. She has gone to __________ mother’s house.
13. Those bags belong to my cousins. _________ bought them yesterday.
14. Badrul and I went to Ipoh last night. ____________ went there by bus.
15. “Did all of ______________ enjoy yourselves?” Rahim asked the children.

18 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

EXERCISE 3
Underline the correct answer.

1. My mother sends _________ to school every morning ( me, mine )
2. Janet played with _________ just now. ( her, hers )
3. I polished ________ bicycle this morning. ( my, he )
4. ____________ class is the cleanest. ( Our, Yours )
5. I found this umbrella. I think it belongs to ________. ( you, their )
6. __________ is helping his father in the workshop. ( He, She )
7. Muthu is not at home. He had gone to _______ father’s house. ( her, his )
8. My sister and ________ like to watch the show. ( me, I )
9. Did you tell ________ to bring some food? ( they, them )
10. _________ visited relatives in Batu Pahat on Sunday. ( We, Us )
11. Please give __________ some dog food. ( it, its )
12. ___________ are wild animals. ( This, These )
13. Do not go near ___________ . ( they, them )
14. ______________ is an architect. ( He, Him )
15. I saw __________ at the market last week. ( her, him )

19 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

UNIT 7 : REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS

 We use a reflexive pronoun after a verb when the subject and the object are the same
person.

Example: I said to myself, ‘This will do fine.’

 We use myself etc. for emphasis.
 An emphatic pronoun can mean ‘without help’. It usually comes at the end of the

sentence.

Example: Pak Mat said, ‘I cut down the tree myself.’
Language Notes:
If the subject and object are the same, we use reflexive pronoun as the object. Compare:

1. I see you. (object pronoun)
2. I see myself. (reflexive pronoun)

Subject Verb Reflexive Pronoun

I see myself.
You see yourself.
He sees himself.
She sees herself.
sees
It see itself.
We see ourselves.
You see yourselves.
They themselves.

20 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

EXERCISE 1
Fill in the blanks with the correct reflexive pronoun.
1. I don’t have enough time for _______________ .
2. Are both of you serious or can you laugh at ______________ ?
3. They can’t solve the problem by _______________ .
4. Encik Ibrahim doesn’t like to talk about ______________ .
5. What did Sarah tell ______________?
6. We sometimes blame _____________ for our problems.
7. Do you ever go to the movies by ______________?
8. Maybe you expect too much of marriage, Hussin. Don’t be so hard on ____________.
9. I have to take care of the children. They can’t take care of _____________.
10. Don’t just look at the problems. Give _____________ credit for the good things you have

done too.

21 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

UNIT 8 : DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS

 Pronouns can be used to point out persons, things, or ideas. A pronoun that points out
something is called a demonstrative pronoun.

SINGULAR : This is her handbag. That is his tennis racquet.
PLURAL : These are her handbags. Those are his tennis racquets.

The forms this is and these are used to point to things nearby. That is and those are used
to point to things farther away.

EXERCISE 1 Plural
Complete the table below.

Singular

Near 1.This is my fiance. 5________ are my notes.
2._________ is my new car. 6._________ are my kids.
3.___________ is my son over 7._____________ are my rabbits
there. in the hutch.
4._______ is my wife who is 8_____________are my books
carrying the baby. on the rack.

1.That is my fiance. 5________ are my notes.

2._________ is my new car. 6._________ are my kids.

Far 3.___________ is my son over 7._____________ are my rabbits

there. in the hutch.

4._______ is my wife who is 8_____________are my books

carrying the baby. on the rack.

22 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

UNIT 9 : VERBS

 The most important word in a sentence is the verb.

 A verb expresses :

I ) an action 2 ) an event 3 ) a state

* drink * organise * moves

walk celebrate shines

 Most verbs are used to express actions.

Study the tables given below carefully. has
does
Aminah delivers
He plays
She waters
It
Raju

I have
You do
They
We deliver
The boys walk
Lim and Chan play
water

 Verbs expressing an action.
The man drives a green car to work.
Fish swim in the sea.
Pn. Norzillah reads the newspaper every morning.
They drink orange juice daily.

 Verbs expressing an event.
The English Language Society organises the story-telling competition annually.

23 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

We celebrate Teacher’s Day on 16 May every year.
The students take part in the debate competition yearly.
Our Principal gives a speech at our prize giving day every year.
 Verbs expressing a state.
The sun moves around the earth.
The moon shines at night.
Birds fly.
Water boils at 100 degrees centigrade

24 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

UNIT 10 : SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT

A sentence consists of a subject and a verb. The subject may be a noun or a pronoun.

The verb must agree with its subject. When the subject is singular, the verb must be singular
too. ( the singular verb normally ends with an ‘s’ )

Singular Subject Singular Verb no Malay name.
The bird has on insects.
The bird lives chocolates.
Johan loves the questions.
The student answers the fish.
It eats the experiment.
She completes the essays.
He concludes

When the subject is plural, the verb must be plural as well. (The plural verb normally does
not end with an‘s’).

Plural Subject Plural Verb no Malay names.
The birds have on insects.
The birds live chocolates.
Johan and Hannah love the questions.
The students answer the fish.
They eat the experiment.
We complete the essays.
You conclude

25 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

EXERCISE 1
Underline the correct word in the brackets.

1 My mother and I (go, goes) to the market every morning.
2 She (come , comes) here every week.
3 They often (play, plays) with their brother.
4 The rabbits (has, have) a short tail.
5 (Do, Does) they dance?
6 Plants (need, needs) water and sunlight to grow.
7 We (collect, collects) stamps during our free time.
8 Siew Lan ( opens , open) the windows every morning.
9 It sometimes (rain , rains) at night.
10 The boy (run, runs) in the field every evening.

EXERCISE 2
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of verbs in brackets.

1 She ___________(cook) every day.
2 The dog always _________(bark) at us.
3 Hens ___________(lay) eggs.
4 Firdaus and his brothers ___________(do) their homework every evening.
5 ___________(Do) they play for their school football team?
6 His parents _________(sell) fruits for a living.
7 A bat __________(sleep) during the day.
8 Ali often _____________(read) in class.
9 Ghazali _______(wear) white shirts every day.
10 Zarena_____________(write) letters every Friday.

26 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

EXERCISE 3
Circle the best answers.

1. Jamal _____________ to bed at ten o’clock every night.

A. go B. goes

C. went D. is going

2. He ___________ not like rambutans.

A. does B. do

C. did D. is

3. Fadhil ____________ to play in the rain.

A. like B. liking

C. likes D. liked

4. There _____________ seven days in a week.

A. is B. was

C.were D. are

5. Nazliah ____________ a pink dress.

A. has B. have

C. does D. is

6. I ____________ my teeth every day.

A. brush B. brushed

C. brushes D. am brushing

7. _________ you visit your grandparents every week?
27 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

A. Does C. Is
B. Do D. Did

8 Abdullah and Fadilah ___________ to the same school.

A. goes B. go

C. is going D. going

9. She ____________ some money now.

A. want B. wants

C. wanted D. wanting

10. Kamaluddin ____________ television every night.

A. watch B. watches

C. watched D. watching

EXERCISE 4

Underline the correct verb so that it agrees with the subject in each of the sentences below.

1. My student (is, are) a hardworking student.
2. The girls (is, are) preparing for the performance.
3. Shanthi (has, have) to sit for the test.
4. I (teach, teaches) Mathematics as well as Living Skills.
5. Elephants (is, are ) mammals.
6. “I (has, have) some questions,” said Sheilla
7. The Form 3 Wira students (arrives, arrive) very late at the laboratory.
8. Armi, Rashid and Yahya (wear, wears) glasses.
9. Nurul Huda (are, is) not satisfied with her present performance in the class.
10. The competition (is, are) one of the many events organized by the Hobby Club.

28 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

UNIT 11 : AUXILIARY VERBS / MODALS

 Not all verbs express action.
 Verbs that do not express action are either verbs or auxiliary verbs
 An auxiliary verb is a helping verb.
 It is always before a verb

 She has done her work.
 It regulates the tense of its sentence.

 We could see the sun rising in the east ( past tense )
 Common auxiliary verbs :

am , are , be ,can , could , had , has , have ,is , may
might, must , shall, should ,was , were, will , would

Modals Functions/Usage Examples

1. To express the ability of a Most birds can fly except

Can living or non-living thing penguin.

To give or refuse permission They can have breakfast
now

You cannot tell her the
secret.

To make a request Can you help me carry this
table?

Could To express possibility Mother could have waited
for us
2. To express possibility
I may buy a present for
May/might Linda

To give or ask permission We might go for a picnic
today

May I borrow your car?
You may leave now.

 Modals or auxiliary verbs are used with another verb to express possibility, permission,
obligation, determination, refusal, etc. Can, could, will, would, must,

 might, may, shall, should are all termed ‘modals’.

29 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

Modals Functions/Usage Examples

Will, Would To ask for assistance Will you please open the door?
Could, can To ask polite questions Would you please open the door?
Could you please carry the table?
Can you please carry the table?

Have to, To express necessity I have to study tonight
Must She must go to the clinic today.
need

Should, To express advice You are tired, you should take a rest.
Ought to Your dress is dirty, you ought to wash it.

EXERCISE 1
Read these sentences
1 I am going jungle trekking tomorrow.
2 The boys are camping beside the river.
3 He will be cutting the grass on Sunday.
4 Old newspapers can be recycled.
5 We could see the rainbow after the rain.
6 The workers had cleaned the drains last week.
7 The strong wind has blown the dried leaves away.
8 The flood victims have gone back to their houses.
9 We must keep our school clean.
10 The flowers were planted all along the garden path.

30 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

EXERCISE 2
Fill in the blanks with the correct verbs given in the box.

does can are is am have has was had do were did

1 This man ___________working as a lawyer in the same firm where my father works.
2 My father ___________a bad cold last week.
3 Carter and Jack _________________meeting n Kuala Lumpur next week.
4 Dashima ________________all the cooking at home.
5 My father and mother _______________ gone out for a wedding dinner.
6 They always _________________their homework together.
7 I _____________always on time because punctuality is a good habit.
8 That boy ___________________caught cheating during the test last Monday.
9 They ______________having a picnic by the seaside today.
10 Azlina ____________the ironing and cleaning yesterday morning.
11 My father ____________ just taken my brother to the dentist. They will be back in

an hour.
12 The new laws _____________protect the wildlife from illegal hunters.

31 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

EXERCISE 3
Fill in the blanks with can, cannot, may or may not to make meaningful sentences.

1. Too much rain ……………… cause floods in low-lying areas.
2. It is too noisy that we …………………….. hear the announcements.
3. He is very angry that he ……………….. join us for dinner.
4. “Do you think you ……………. keep a secret?” asked Fatimah.
5. It is already 3.00pm. He ……………… come for the lesson.
6. The camel ………………….. travel for days without drinking water.
7. You ……….. write to us at this address or send an email.
8. She must stay in the hospital. The doctor says she ……………… have dengue.
9. I am afraid I ……………….. make any changes because the date of the competition

has been fixed.
10. Pak Musa ………………… be thin, but he is very healthy.

EXERCISE 4
Rewrite the following sentences using ‘may’.

1. Could I possibly get a lift?
____________________________________________________________________

2. Do you mind lending me your bicycle?
____________________________________________________________________

3. I would like to speak to the teacher.
____________________________________________________________________

4. Could I have your permission to go out?
____________________________________________________________________

32 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

UNIT 12 : VERB-TO-BE

 It consists of “am”, “is”, “are”, “was” and “were”.
 The base form is “be”; the progressive form is “being”; and the participle form is

“been”.
 Functions :

o The verb “to be” has two main functions: as the main verb and as the helping
verb.

o As a helping verb, it functions to indicate progressive tenses and passive
sentences.

1. Verb “to be” as main verb.
Depending on the subject and the tense, the verb “to be” changes its form into “am”, “is”,
“are”, “was” “were” or “been”.

Thus, we have:

1. I am a teacher.
2. He was our guest speaker last year.
3. He is good at English.
4. They are in the room now.

In this case, the verb “to be” functions as the main verb.
2. Verb “to be” as helping verb.
i. Verb “to be” indicates progressive tense (continuous tense). Thus we have:

1. He is learning English.
2. She is being childish now!
3. They are cooking for the party tonight.
4. She was sleeping when I dropped by yesterday.

33 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

VERB-TO-BE

Subject Present Tense Past Tense
Singular is Was

He am Was
She are Were

It
Salleh

I

Plural

You
We
They
The girls

EXERCISE 1
Fill in the blanks with ‘am’, ‘is’ and ‘are’.

1.Neither she nor I ______ going to the concert.
2.Either she or they ________to take the things to your house afterwards.
3.Too much salt _______ bad for you for it will give you high blood pressure.
4.The town council ________ proposing a law to make every house owner pay extra tax. I
think everyone will object.
5.The children _________ going to get the best opportunities in life.
6.Every man and every woman __________ to help to make this scheme a success.
7.He can never give up politics because politics _________ in his blood.
8.The policemen ________ setting up road blocks everywhere to catch the robbers.
9.There ________ a number of chairs in the canteen. You can take one of them.
10.The owner of the three houses ___________ not here today.

34 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

EXERCISE 2
Fill in the blanks with ‘was’ or ‘were’.

1. The prices of the things he bought _________ very high.
2. Every boy and every girl in the school __________ asked to help in the concert last

month.
3. Neither he nor I __________ wrong in this matter. So, do not blame either of us.
4. Not only his friends but also his enemies __________ praising him for his honesty at a

ceremony two years ago.
5. There __________ very little variety in the food they served in the canteen.
6. The crew and passengers ____________ treated to dinner when they landed on the

island.
7. His family ___________ always eating durians when they visited their grandparents in

the village.
8. The class ___________ quietly doing their work when the teacher went to the office.
9. “The Beautiful Garden” ____________ written by a Malaysian author three years ago.
10. The people ___________ busy selling ‘ keropok’.

35 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

UNIT 13 : SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

 The Simple Present Tense is used to show a truth or a fact
 Study the examples below:

o Susan brushes her teeth every morning.
o My mother cooks fish curry every week.
o The boys play football in the evening.
 The Simple Present Tense is also used for actions which are done habitually or which
happens regularly.
 Adverbs like every morning, once a month, usually, always, never , often can be
used with the Simple Present Tense.

 Susan brushes her teeth every morning.
 My mother cooks fish curry every week.
 The boys play football in the evening.

REMEMBER:
 Singular nouns take the singular form of the verb in the simple present tense.
 Plural nouns take the plural form of the verb in the simple present tense.
 We use the Simple Present when we talk about something which happens repeatedly.
Eg: Ali walks to school everyday.

 We use the Simple Present to describe a series of actions in the present.
Eg: Every morning, Ali wakes up, brushes his teeth and takes a bath.

36 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

Study the table below carefully. It will help you.

SINGULAR PLURAL

He plays They play
Susan sings We sing
The cat writes write
runs I run
You

EXERCISE 1

Underline the correct forms of the verbs in brackets to complete the sentences.
1. The earth [ moves / move ] round the sun.
2. Lions and tigers [ hunt / hunts] for food in the jungle.
3. Anna and Ben [ practises / practise ] playing the piano an hour everyday.
4. Mosquitoes [ is / are] harmful insects.
5. Latif often [ watch / watches] television at night.
6. Cocks [ crow / crows] ; a hen [ cackle / cackles].
7. Mona usually [ exercises / exercise ] in the morning.
8. Sometimes the children [ walk / walks ] to school but usually their father [ drive /
drives] them.
9. Sheila and her cousins often [ participate / participates] in essay writing competitions.
10. My friend [ speak / speaks ] Chinese fluently but he [ do not know / does not know
how to write it.

EXERCISE 2
Complete these sentences by underlining the correct verb form.

Sarah ( 1) ( is / are ) a policewoman. Her day (2) ( begin / begins ) early. She
(3) (leave / leaves ) for work at 6 a.m. each day. She ( arrives / arrive ) at the police station
at 7.45 a.m. At 8 a.m. she and the other officers (5) (attend / attends) a meeting. Their
police chief Captain Costa (6) ( talk / talks) to them about their duties for the day.

37 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

Sarah and her partner Bill usually (7) (patrols / patrol ) a certain part of the city
each day. They ( 8 ) (make / makes ) sure that the streets and back alley ( 9 ) (is / are)
safe for the public. They visit shopping and video arcades to look for students who
(10) (play / plays) truant. Sarah’s day often ( 11 ) ( end / ends ) at 6.30 p.m.

EXERCISE 3
Complete the sentences with the simple present tense of the verbs in the box.

breathe have hurry love play
put demonstrate snow weave write

1. Mum, we ____________your cakes. They are delicious.
2. Dareen ______________ articles for a famous magazine.
3. The cook usually ___________________ new recipes every Tuesday.
4. My little brother ____________ home from school every afternoon to watch cartoons.
5. During winter it _________, so we have to put on our boots.
6. Dolphins _____________ underwater through their blowholes.
7. Danny ___________tennis at the club every weekend.

8. We usually _________ recyclable things in special bins.
9. Dogs __________ a well-developed sense of smell.
10. The women ___________mats out of screw-pine leaves for a living.

EXERCISE 4

1. Ali _________________ (wash) his car every Saturday.
2. Aminah _____________ (iron) her clothes every morning.
3. Every day, Ali _________ (read) books, _______ (do) his homework and _________

(play) football.
4. Every Sunday morning, Aminah ________ (go) to the market, ________ (buy)

newspaper and ____________ (do) house chores.

38 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

UNIT 14 : THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE

 The Simple Past Tense is used to talk about actions, states, and situations in the past.
 We use the Simple Past when we talk about something which started and finished in the

past.
Eg: Yesterday, Ali walked to school.

 We use the Simple Past to describe a series of actions in the past.
Eg: Yesterday, Ali woke up, brushed his teeth and took a bath.

 We can use the Simple Past together with the Past Continuous .
Eg: Yesterday, while Ali was walking to school, he saw a cat.

Example:
 Emily Dickinson lived in the nineteenth century. She was a poet.
She wrote more than a thousand poems

39 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

 You can use the simple past tense with time expressions that refer to the past.

Some examples of past time expressions are:
i. “last”
Examples:

 She was here last Sunday.
 They were in London last year.

ii. “ago”

Examples:

 He went shopping in the new mall a week ago.
 We saw the Director eating in the café a while ago.

iii) “yesterday”

Examples:

 Joe was at the cinema when their parents came back from Tokyo yesterday.
 Ali and Zai were doing their assignments yesterday afternoon.

REGULAR VERBS

You will notice that the word ‘look’ does not change when we add the suffix “-ed” and the
main verb ‘look’ is the same. Therefore “LOOK” is a regular verb.

PRESENT I look through the window.

PAST I looked through the window.

40 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

EXERCISE 1

Past Tense – Regular Verbs

Give the answers for the following.

1. walk ____________________
2. play ____________________
3. boil ____________________
4. wash ____________________
5. kick ____________________
6. lock ____________________
7. watch ____________________
8. clean ____________________
9. sew ____________________
10. dust ____________________
11. paint ____________________
12. fry ____________________
13. study ____________________
14. pray ____________________
15. try ____________________
16. cry ____________________
17. dry ____________________
18. live ____________________
19. wipe ____________________
20. smile ____________________

41 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

EXERCISE 2

Fill in the blanks by changing the verb in the brackets into past tense form. The first
sentence has been done for you.

1. The result was so unexpected that it shocked everyone. (shock)

2. My mother ____________ chicken curry for dinner last night. (cook)

3. Sam ____________ us to lock the doors. (remind)

4. My sister __________ my hand so tightly that it hurt. (grip)

5. Who ____________ my new shoes? (borrow)

6. My mother ________ her clothes while watching television. (iron)

7. We had to stop the game yesterday because it __________ heavily. (rain)

8. His sister _______ cakes for him yesterday. (bake)

9. The headmaster _______ his teachers about the new programme. (inform)

10. The plumber _____ the broken pipe in just ten minutes. (fix)

EXERCISE 3
Use the words in the brackets to fill in the blanks.
1. Kamal ______________ his grandfather in the village . (visit, visited)
2. They __________ fruits at the orchard.( plucking, plucked)
3. Siti ______________ after he sisters when her mother was away. (look, looked)
4. My mother _______________ chicken rice last night. (cooking, cooked)
5. Sarimah and Karina ______________ the clothes and dried them outside. (washing,

washed)
6. Kamal ______________ to school yesterday because his bicycle broke down. (walked,

walk)

42 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

7. David was bored, so he ______________ a movie last night. (watch, watched)
8. Lim and Shini ___________________ the desks and chairs just now. (arrange,

arranged)
9. Jokun __________________ a few books from the library just now. (borrowing,

borrowed)
10. She ___________________ with the headmaster an hour ago. (talk, talked)
11. The boys __________________ in the river yesterday evening.( playing, played)
12. When they _________________ the zoo, they bought the tickets at the counter. ( reach,

reached)
13. My grandmother ________________ some chilli seeds in the garden. (plants, planted)
14. My father and my uncle _____________________ the house last Sunday.( paint,

painted)
15. Puan Minah __________________ a hammer to hit the nail into the wall. (using, used)

43 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

IRREGULAR VERBS
 A verb is a ‘ doing ’ or an ‘action’ word.
 The tense tells when the action takes place.

Present ( today ) verb I paint a picture.
Past (yesterday ) verb + ed I painted a picture.
Future ( tomorrow ) will / shall + verb I shall paint a picture.

Irregular verbs do not follow this pattern. Their past tense is different.

These are the most commonly used irregular verbs.

PRESENT PAST PRESENT PAST
Today Yesterday Today Yesterday
I……. I ……. I …….. I……..
am was cry cried
awake awoke deal dealt
bear bore dig dug
begin began do did
bite bit draw drew
bleed bled dream dreamt
blow blew drink drank
break broke drive drove
bring brought dry dried
build built eat ate
buy bought fall fell
catch caught feed fed
choose chose feel felt
come came fight fought
creep crept find found
fly flew see saw
forget forgot sell sold
freeze froze send sent
fry fried shake shook
give gave shine shone
go went sing sang

44 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

grow grew sink sunk
hang hung sit sat
hear heard slide slid
hide hid sleep slept
hold held smell smelt
keep kept smelled
know knew speak spoke
lay laid speed sped
lead led spend spent
learn learnt spin spun
learned spoil spoilt
leave left spoiled
lend lent stand stood
lie lay steal stole
light lit sweep swept
lighted swim swam
lose lost swing swung
make made take took
mean meant teach taught
meet met tear tore
pay paid tell told
read read think thought
ride rode throw threw
ring rang wake woke
rise rose wear wore
run ran win won
say said write wrote

45 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

EXERCISE 1
Fill in the blanks with the correct irregular verbs.

1 The man (drive) _________________his car to work yesterday.
2 The boys (swim) ________________in the swimming pool the whole morning.
3 Siti Nurhaliza (sing) ______________ a melodious song at the concert.
4 Mariah (write) _______________on the exercise book.
5 The boy (run) ______________towards his father.
6 The Mathematics teacher (teach) _______________the students algebra last week.
7 My mother (go) _____________to the market this morning.
8 Cik Zarina Bi (pay) ____________the shopkeeper for the goods.
9 The Prime Minister (shake) ____________hands with the teachers at the parade.
10 The aeroplane (fly) ____________over the tall building.

EXERCISE 2
Fill in the blanks with the correct irregular verbs.

1 The man (drive) _________________his car to work yesterday.
2 The boys (swim) ________________in the swimming pool the whole morning.
3 Siti Nurhaliza (sing) ______________ a melodious song at the concert.
4 Mariah (write) _______________on the exercise book.
5 The boy (run) ______________towards his father.
6 The Mathematics teacher (teach) _______________the students algebra last week.
7 My mother (go) _____________to the market this morning.
46 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

8 Cik Zarina Bi (pay) ____________the shopkeeper for the goods.
9 The Prime Minister (shake) ____________hands with the teachers at the parade.
10 The aeroplane (fly) ____________over the tall building.

EXERCISE 3

Past Tense- Irregular Verbs

Write the Simple Past Tense for the following.

1. go ___________________
2. eat __________________-
3. sit __________________
4. see __________________
5. run ___________________
6. give ___________________
7. find ___________________
8. dig ___________________
9. sell ___________________
10. send ___________________
11. sink ___________________
12. lose ___________________
13. take ___________________
14. blow ___________________
15. sell ___________________

47 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

EXERCISE 4
Irregular Verbs

Use the words in the brackets to fill in the blanks.

1. He _________ clerk two years ago ( is, was )
2. John ________ a toy to his sister. ( gives, gave )
3. Maria _________ part in the netball game. ( take, took )
4. We __________ a good meal at home last night. ( have, had )
5. After the game, Johan ________ home by bus. ( goes, went )
6. Those boys _________ at the canteen during the recess. ( are, were )
7. Jason _________ a sandwich for lunch this afternoon. ( eats, ate )
8. Ali ________ the second prize for his story last week. ( win, won )
9. Mrs Wong ___________ a magazine from the shop. ( buy, bought )
10. They __________ the wooden table in the hall. ( put, puts )
11. The boys ________ back late after the football match. ( come, came )
12. Linda _________ the song sweetly, so everyone clapped loudly. ( sings, sang )
13. The woman __________ bitterly when she heard the sad news. ( cries, cried )
14. The children _________ in the clean water. ( swam, swim )
15. Sharmila ________ a lot of water because the food was very spicy.

( drinks, drank )

48 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

UNIT 15 : SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE REMEMBER!

 We use the future tense to show future action.  The following are examples of
Examples: some words that may be used with
I will go to your place on Monday. verbs in the future tense
Mr Lopez will call us at 9 p.m. tomorrow.
tomorrow tomorrow night

next Friday next week

next month next year

past present future

9 pm tomorrow

Now Monday

 We form the simple future tense using will in this way:

will + base form of verb

Examples:
Sue will wash the dishes later.
They will visit Mrs Lim tomorrow evening.
The taxi will be here at 3 pm.

 We can also use the “going to” form for future action that is planned earlier or
events that we think are likely to happen in the future. We form the simple future
tense using “going to” in this way:

Present tense of the verb to be + going to + base form
of verb

49 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a

Examples:
He is going to play golf on Saturday.
I am going to swim in the evening.
Oil prices are going to rise next week.
 We use Future Tense to show actions which will happen in future.
Eg: Tomorrow, Ali will walk to school.

50 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 – M i a A n t a s h a