class conflict 28–31 community and society 32–33 ethnomethodology 50–51 feminism and social justice 26–27 French Revolution, effects of 24–25 functionalism 34–37, 267 gender performativity 56–61 industrialization and division of labor 33, 36–37, 293, 300, 301 positivism 22–25 power/resistance 52–55 rational modernity 38–45 science of society 24–25, 35–36 social solidarity (asabiyyah) 20 sociological imagination 46–49 verifiability of observation 24 solidarity (asabiyyah) 20 sovereignty, and nationalism 203 Spencer, Herbert 18, 19, 34, 35–36, 334 Spencer-Brown, George 111 Stacey, Judith 297, 310–11 stigma 190–95 strain theory 262–63 Strauss, Anselm L. 335 structuration theory 195 surveillance techniques 273–74, 275 symbolic interactionism 192, 239, 335 T Taylor, Laurie 266 technocrats, and post-industrialism 225 technological innovation 15 and alienation 232–33 and alienation of self 188 class conflict, disappearance of 187 and de-skilling 226–31 and global cities 164 and globalization 168 hierarchies of exclusion 151 information excess 199 and memory 334 mobilities 162 online communities 117 post-industrialism 224–25 Seeman, Melvin 188 Seidman, Steven 297, 326–31 self-identity alienation of 188 and consumerism 142, 143, 201 cultural identity 200–01 development of 176–77 and globalization 147 and institutionalization 267–69 looking-glass self 334 self-respect and class inequality 84–86 sexuality symbols 330 self-interest, and capitalism 21, 30–31 semiotics 235, 335–36 Sennett, Richard 64, 84–87, 119, 141 service industries, and post- industrialism 225 sexuality compulsory heterosexuality 304–09 and confession 302–03 feminism and social justice 26–27 gender performativity 56–61 gender roles across different cultures 298–99 hegemonic masculinity 88–89 and industrialization 329 lesbianism, political 308–09 masculinity and queer theory 331 and patriarchy 98–99 and power 55 queer theory 58, 61, 297, 309, 310, 311, 317, 326–31 same-sex relationships 311 self-identification symbols 330 social construction of 324–25 women’s liberation movement 299 see also feminism; gender Shakespeare, Tom 339 Siisiäinen, Martti 124 Silva, Elizabeth B. 247 Simmel, Georg 102, 104–05 simulacra 196–99 Skeggs, Beverley 339 Skocpol, Theda 338–39 slavery 27, 71–72 Smart, Carol 309, 320 Smith, Dorothy E. 336 social acceleration theory 339 social capital 124–25 and class habitus 78–79 decline 116 social change, and dehumanized society 47–48 social Darwinism 334 social inequalities abortion 317 class consciousness 64 class exploitation 66–67 class habitus 76–79 class inequality 84–87 double-consciousness of African- Americans 71 education and the hidden curriculum 288–89 education of working classes, effects of 86–87 feminism see feminism and gentrification 130–31 global patterns of wealth 145 hegemonic masculinity 88–89 iconic ghetto 82–83 immigration and unskilled labor 85–86 and liquid modernity 142–43 Orientalism 80–81 patriarchy 96–99 patriarchy and gender equality 65 poverty, relative 74 public space in cities, loss of 107 race and ethnicity 68–73 racism see racism and religion 257–58, 259 and risk society 160 self-respect and class inequality 84–86 social mobility, and cultural capital 79 social movements 49, 160 social science, sociology as 13–14, 18–19 social solidarity 20, 26 society communitarianism 112–19 development as historical process 29–30 and modernity 12–13 risk 156–61 sociological imagination 46–49 sociology of difference 339 sociology foundations civic spirit 21 INDEX 349
and risk 158–59, 160 technoscience 338 virtual worlds and simulacra 198–99 terrorism and cultural structures 209 moral panic theory 290 and risk 158, 161 therapy culture 303 Thorpe, Christopher 206 Tomlinson, John 123 Tönnies, Ferdinand 18, 32–33, 102, 105, 114, 115–16 tourism, and liquid modernity 142–43 Townsend, Peter 65, 74 transnational companies, and global cities 165 Turner, Bryan S. 338 UV UK Chilcot Inquiry 260 Clean Air Act 148 industrialism 66, 67, 144 Poverty and Social Exclusion survey 74 same-sex marriage 324 UN Kyoto Protocol 148 Universal Declaration of Human Rights 64 urbanization 102–03, 145, 181, 325 class inequality 84–87 and gender 329 gentrification and urban life 128–31 global cities 164–65 mental life of the metropolis 104–05 public and private spaces 107 rational modernity 38–45 right to the city 106–07 sidewalks, importance of 109 stranger, social role of 104, 105 urban community 108–09 urban regeneration 129–30 see also modern living Urry, John 135, 162 US black ghettos 82–83 Civil Rights Act 64, 70 Continental Congress 27 Declaration of Independence 26–27 double-consciousness of African- Americans 71 female emancipation 26–27, 298 Freedmen’s Bureau 71–72 McCarthyism 46 marital rape as crime 306 New Left 49 racial segregation and violence 72–73 “separate but equal” schools 70 slavery history 27, 71–72 Veblen, Thorstein 212, 213, 214–19, 246 Vega, Rodrigo Cordero 286 voluntarism 124–25 W Walby, Sylvia 65, 96–99, 213, 249 Wallerstein, Immanuel 134, 144–45, 150–51 Warner, Michael 329–30 waste, and conspicuous consumption 217–18 Weber, Max 13, 14 class conflict 31, 64 Protestant work ethic 19, 102, 220–23, 234–35, 258 rationalization 19, 37, 38–45, 47, 122–23, 252 Webster, Frank 155 Weeks, Jeffrey 297, 303, 311, 324–25, 329, 331 welfare state, and liquid modernity 141 White, Harrison 152 Wichterich, Christa 249 Wilkinson, Richard 65 Williams, Raymond 174, 189 Willis, Paul 253, 292–93 Wilson, Bryan 253, 257, 278–79 Wittig, Monique 309, 317 Woodhead, Linda 258 Woodward, Sophie 247 Wootton, Anthony 195 Wootton, Barbara Adam 335 work and consumerism 212–13 alienation 40–45, 87, 122, 123, 213 228–230, 232–33, 236, 239, 242 American Dream 262–63 capitalism and consumer desire 235 conspicuous consumption 214–19 consumer society 212–13 consumerism as mass deception 235 de-skilling 226–31 denim phenomenon 247 emotional labor 236–43 feminization of work 248–49 labor unions and workers’ collectives 245 material culture 246–47 pecuniary emulation 218–19 post-industrialism 224–25 Protestant work ethic 41–42, 220–23, 258 pursuit of profit 221–22 Romantic ethic and consumer culture 234–35 social prestige and cultural omnivores 219 taste and material culture 247 workers’ consent, managing 244–45 workplace “games” 245 worldly success and salvation 222–23 see also capitalism; consumerism worker empowerment, automated work processes 232 workforce mobility 33 World Social Forum 150, 151 world-system theory 144–45 Wortham, Anne 74 Wright Mills, Charles 14, 19, 44, 46–49, 131, 238, 239 YZ Young, Jock 284–85, 290 Zukin, Sharon 103, 128–31 350
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