UNIT 3 PROFESSIONALISM 3.1 INTRODUCTION TO PROFESSIONALISM

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UNIT 3 PROFESSIONALISM



3.1 INTRODUCTION TO PROFESSIONALISM








Julie James Abdullah

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LEARNING




OUTCOME







1. Explain the concept and component professionalism


2. Relate profession with professionalism in healthcare


3. Relate ethical principle governing the profession.







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LEARNING




OUTLINE







1. Concept of professionalism


2. Components of professionalism


3. Relate profession with professionalism in healthcare


4. Relate ethical principle governing the profession



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CONCEPT OF





PROFESSIONALISM



























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1. ACCOUNTABILITY


















• Concept that everyone is responsible for his or her own actions and the consequence of those


actions.






• Accountability can be explained based on professional competence, decision making in the


physician - patient relationship, economic feasibility, and societal responsibility.






• An individual's commitment to accountability reflects one's altruism and humane behaviour toward


the patient, striving toward a professional proficiency and optimal maintenance of supervision of


the competence of health personnel.
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2. ADHERENCE TO VALUES


















• Professional values


➢ Professional values are standards for action that are accepted by professional groups and


individuals and are used to evaluate the integrity of the individual or organization.


➢ This involve of Loyalty


▪ A Strong Work Ethic. ▪ Honesty and Integrity.


▪ Dependability and Responsibility. ▪ Self-Motivated.


▪ Possessing a Positive Attitude. ▪ Motivated to Grow and Learn.


▪ Adaptability. ▪ Strong Self-Confidence.




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3. COMPETENCE




















• Professional Competence


➢ The capability to perform the duties of one's profession generally, or to perform a particular


professional task, with skill of an acceptable quality.


➢ Competence depends on habits of mind, including attentiveness, critical curiosity, self-


awareness, and presence.


➢ Professional competence is developmental, impermanent, and context-dependent.










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3. COMPETENCE




















• It includes:


▪ A cognitive function — acquiring and using knowledge to solve real-life problems


▪ An integrative function — using biomedical and psychosocial data in clinical reasoning


▪ A relational function — communicating effectively with patients and colleagues


▪ An affective/moral function — the willingness, patience, and emotional awareness to use


these skills judiciously and humanely










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4. COMMITMENT TO QUALITY




















What are the quality of professionalism?






• Professionalism includes a variety of qualities and behaviours that demonstrate commitment to


effective performance in a given job.


• Commitment and confidence, responsibility and dependability, honesty and ethics, and


appearance and professional presence are central professional characteristics.










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4. COMMITMENT TO QUALITY




















“The quality of a person’s life is in direct proportion to their commitment to excellence, regardless of


their chosen field of endeavour.”






“Unless commitment is made, there are only promises and hopes, but no plans.”






“Productivity is never an accident. It is always the result of a commitment to excellence, intelligent


planning, and focused effort.”






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5. INTEGRITY
















Integrity and Professionalism.


• Honesty and integrity are personal traits that are expected of any person, regardless of job title,
role, responsibility, or function within an organization.






How to incorporate honesty and integrity into your job

1. Keep your word. If you want to establish a solid reputation you must deliver on your promises.

2. Keep your commitments.
3. Pay attention to your environment.

4. Stay focused.

5. Surround yourself with honest people.

6. Take responsibility.
7. Respect your employees.

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6. CONFIDENCE
















• Self – Confidence is the Key to success.


➢ Confidence means trusting oneself, having complete faith in any task and letting go the fear


of failure.



➢ People with a high level of self-confidence achieve their desired goals in life and


attain success


• Professional confidence is a concept that is frequently used and or implied in occupational therapy


literature, but often without specifying its meaning.


➢ Based on the analysis, professional confidence can be described as a dynamic, maturing


personal belief held by a professional.

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6. CONFIDENCE
















8 Ways to Build Your Confidence at Work


• Trumpet your own successes. It is fine to let people know when you get a win, at least in small


doses.



• Tell people you will finish the task. Confidence often starts when you state your intentions.


• Turn personal attacks into a change agent.


• Speak your mind.


• Train yourself.


• Increase your knowledge.


• Bounce the criticism.

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• Smile

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COMPONENTS OF





PROFESSIONALISM



























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1. HONESTY / INTEGRITY
















Honesty and integrity imply in interactions with patients, peers, and in all professional work, whether


through documentation, personal communication, presentations, research, or other aspects of


interaction. These includes:



• being fair


• being truthful


• keeping one's word


• meeting commitments


• being sincere





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2. RELIABILITY / RESPONSIBILITY
















Professional responsibility is the area of legal practice that encompasses the duties of attorneys to


act in Professional manner, obey the law, avoid conflicts of interest, and put the interests of clients


ahead of their own interests.


























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3. RESPECT FOR OTHERS
















• Working with others another key element of professionalism involves cultivating and managing


working relationships with others.







• Effectiveness in delivering and receiving constructive feedback is a hallmark of professionalism.





















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4. COMPASSION / EMPATHY




















• Compassion/empathy is a crucial component of the practice of helping. One must listen


attentively and respond humanely to the concerns of others.


• Appropriate empathy for and assisting with relief of stress and anxiety should be part of the daily


practice of helping others.


• Expressing empathy is highly effective and powerful, which builds patient trust, calms anxiety,


and improves health outcomes.


• Research has shown empathy and compassion to be associated with better adherence to


medications, decreased malpractice cases, fewer mistakes, and increased patient satisfaction.


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5. SELF IMPROVEMENT / SELF AWARENESS /


KNOWLEDGE OF LIMITS












• Self-awareness / knowledge of limits includes


➢ recognition of the need for guidance and supervision when faced with new or complex


responsibilities. One must also be insightful regarding the impact of one's behavior on



others and cognizant of appropriate professional boundaries.





















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5. SELF IMPROVEMENT / SELF AWARENESS /


KNOWLEDGE OF LIMITS












The 5 Elements of Self-Awareness


• Self-Concept. Your self-concept is your perception of you.


• Thoughts. Our thoughts are tied to our emotions, so when we try to become more aware of our



emotions, we must first understand our thoughts and thought processes.


• Feelings. How do you feel when you say things about yourself?


• Body.


• Emotions.









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5. SELF IMPROVEMENT / SELF AWARENESS /


KNOWLEDGE OF LIMITS

















These five aspects include:


• extraversion • spiritual aspects


• agreeableness • emotional aspects


• openness • physical aspects



• conscientiousness • social aspect


• Neuroticism • moral aspect


• mental aspects




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6. COMMUNICATION / COLLABORATION
















• Communication as “the imparting or interchange of thoughts, opinions, or information by speech,


writing, or signs.” It is important to consider that communication is not just verbal in form.







• Collaboration in health care is defined as health care professionals assuming complementary


roles and cooperatively working together, sharing responsibility for problem-solving and making


decisions to formulate and carry out plans for patient care.













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6. COMMUNICATION / COLLABORATION
















• Teamwork and collaboration are especially essential to care of patients in a decentralized


health system with many levels of health workers.







• Teams can also work together to develop health promotion for diverse communities and instil


disease prevention behaviours amongst patients.

















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7. ALTRUISM / ADVOCACY
















• Altruism / advocacy refers to unselfish regard for and devotion to the welfare of others and is a


key element of professionalism. Self-interest or the interests of other parties should not interfere


with work







• Altruism


➢ Principle of considering the welfare and happiness of others before one’s own













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7. ALTRUISM / ADVOCACY
















Altruistic behaviour






• In biology, altruism refers to behaviour by an individual that increases the fitness of another



individual while decreasing the fitness of the actor.


• Altruistic behaviours appear most obviously in kin relationships, such as in parenting, but may also


be evident among wider social groups, such as in social insects.













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7. ALTRUISM / ADVOCACY
















Advocacy


• Advocacy can be defined as the act of arguing or pleading for something, most commonly a cause,


idea or movement.



• Citizen Advocacy - is the term used to define the action of a citizen undertaking unpaid long-


term support for a vulnerable person, ensuring that the vulnerable person's interests and opinions


are heard.


• There are three types of advocacy - self-advocacy, individual advocacy systems advocacy.









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RELATE PROFESSION





WITH PROFESSIONALISM





IN HEALTHCARE























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1. AGAINST EXPECTATIONS OR STANDARDS
















• Professional standards describe the competent level of care in each phase of the nursing process.


They reflect a desired and achievable level of performance against which a nurse's actual


performance can be compared.



• The purpose for standards is that they set expectations.


• The process of developing standards can set expectations for the organizations and health


professionals affected by the standards.













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1. AGAINST EXPECTATIONS OR STANDARDS



















• The publication and dissemination of standards additionally helps to set expectations for


consumers and purchasers


• In the health care industry, standards and expectations about performance are applicable to health


care organizations, health professionals, and drugs and devices.


• The committee believes there are numerous opportunities to strengthen the focus of the existing


processes on patient safety issues.











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2. ONE’S PERSONAL VALUES AND AN


UNDERSTANDING OF WHAT “PROFESSIONALISM”


MEANS.












• Central to health care practice and the moral contract between the public and


the profession lies professionalism and professional integrity.


• The purpose of health care practice is to always care for the ailing and the sick, promote health


interests and well-being and strive towards healing environments.


















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2. ONE’S PERSONAL VALUES AND AN


UNDERSTANDING OF WHAT “PROFESSIONALISM”


MEANS.











• Central to health care practice and the moral contract between the public and the


profession lies professionalism and professional integrity.


• The purpose of health care practice is to always care for the ailing and the sick, promote health


interests and well-being and strive towards healing environments.


• Professionalism by being kind and polite to everyone, presenting a professional image in your



attitude and dress, and showing up for work or meetings fully prepared.










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2. ONE’S PERSONAL VALUES AND AN


UNDERSTANDING OF WHAT “PROFESSIONALISM”


MEANS.












• Professionalism in nursing means


➢ can create further opportunities to strengthen core professional values.


➢ nurse professionals in health care settings can do their best to customize care


➢ easy-to-understand facts can encourage them to make better personal health decisions.


















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3. SITUATIONAL IN NATURE




















• The key to professional behaviour is an interrelationship between person, context situational


judgement.


• Situational judgement tests are behavioural tests designed to measure how you respond to work-


related situations


• Situational Context.


➢ Situational context describes the reason why something is occurring and the appropriate


behaviour and actions associated with the situation.


➢ It is one of the types of context that influence communication. Context is the situation,


circumstances, or specific setting in which an event occurs. 33

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4. STRONGLY INFLUENCED BY CULTURE




















• The influence of culture on health


➢ affects perceptions of health, illness and death, beliefs about causes of disease, approaches


to health promotion, how illness and pain are experienced and expressed, where patients


seek help, and the types of treatment patients prefer


















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4. STRONGLY INFLUENCED BY CULTURE




















• Examples of culture practices





➢ Religious and spiritual practices.

➢ Medical treatment practices.
➢ Forms of artistic expression.

➢ Dietary preferences and culinary practices.

➢ Cultural institutions
➢ Natural resource management.

➢ Housing and construction.

➢ Childcare practices.




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5. COMMUNICATION, IMAGE, COMPETENCE,


DEMEANOUR AND PROFESSIONALISM IN THE EYE


OF THE BEHOLDER












• Behaviour, communication and appearance which would not be captured by competency testing.


• Professionalism, related more to professional the complex picture of professionalism that


the profession in the eyes of the public.


• Professionalism is skill or behaviour that goes beyond what an ordinary person would have or


behaving in a more formal or business-like manner.


➢ An example of professionalism is a business person who is dressed in a suit and tie, has good


manners and shows good business sense.






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5. COMMUNICATION, IMAGE, COMPETENCE,


DEMEANOUR AND PROFESSIONALISM IN THE EYE


OF THE BEHOLDER












• How professionalism is judge?


➢ Against a set of expectations or standards


➢ From our own personal values set and understanding of what ‘professionalism’ means


➢ May be situational in nature


➢ Strongly influenced by cultures














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5. COMMUNICATION, IMAGE, COMPETENCE,


DEMEANOUR AND PROFESSIONALISM IN THE EYE


OF THE BEHOLDER












• Professional is judged through:


➢ Image


➢ Communication


➢ Competence


➢ Demeanour














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5. COMMUNICATION, IMAGE, COMPETENCE,


DEMEANOUR AND PROFESSIONALISM IN THE EYE


OF THE BEHOLDER












• From the patient’s perspective:


➢ Trustworthy


➢ Competent


➢ Empathetic


➢ Respectful


➢ Caring










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5. COMMUNICATION, IMAGE, COMPETENCE,


DEMEANOUR AND PROFESSIONALISM IN THE EYE


OF THE BEHOLDER












• From the co-workers’ perspective:


➢ Trustworthy


➢ Competent


➢ Supportive


➢ Respectful


➢ Accountable










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RELATE ETHICAL





PRINCIPLE GOVERNING





THE PROFESSION























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ETHICAL PRINCIPLE GOVERNING THE PROFESSION




















• Ethics by meaning is a moral principles that govern a person's behaviour or the conducting of an


activity


• Most of the professional profession will have their own code of ethics to guide the profession in


some manners for their profession holder.


• Examples:


➢ Nursing - Code of Professional Conduct For Nurses


➢ Pharmacist - Code of Ethics For Pharmacists


➢ Doctor - Code of Professional Conduct for Doctor


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SUMMARY






























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SUMMARY




















Professional are:


• Competent • Empathetic


• Trustworthy • Courteous


• Respectful • Dependable


• Act with integrity • Cooperative


• Considerate • Committed










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