other social media to create false identities, particularly to pursue
deceptive online romances.
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
Did you hear how Umesh got totally catfished last month?
He was really falling for the beautiful girl on Facebook, but she turned
out to be a catfish.
B. Now, read the following story by Marcus Pfister and discuss
its message.
The Rainbow Fish
The Rainbow Fish was the All the other fish wanted
most beautiful fish in the Rainbow Fish to play with
entire ocean. them.
The blue fish told the
One day, a little blue fish Rainbow Fish was angry. other fish what happened.
asked Rainbow Fish for He told the fish, "Get away They would not talk to
one of his shiny scales. from me!" Rainbow Fish anymore.
Let’s Create
Work in pairs or groups of 4 or 5. Make different coloured fish
out of cardboard paper.
Write the name of all your classmates on one
side of the fish and on the other side the date
of birth. Get help from teacher to put up the
fish on some special wall. Make sure you check
it often so that you won’t miss to wish your
friend ‘happy birthday’.
Interchange Communicative English 4 93
Time for Grammar
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
A. Read and learn the differences.
They’re, Their and There
"They're - There - Their" are pronounced the same, but spelled
differently according to usage:
a. "There" refers to a place.
Examples: There is a library in the first building. It is over there.
Hint: If you can use the word "here," you have it right!
b. "They're" is a contraction of "they are".
Example: They're not in this building.
Hint: "They" is a pronoun and "are" is the verb.
If you can substitute "We are" you have it right!
c. "Their" is the possessive pronoun.
Example: Their library is located on the next street.
Hint: If you can substitute "our" you have it right!
B. Complete the following sentences with either they’re, or
their or there.
1. Do you know what ______ phone number is?
2. Was ______ first child born at home?
3. ______ not leaving on Saturday at all.
4. Look over ______! ______ is the Eiffel Tower. It is really tall.
5. Why do you listen to them? ______ stupid.
6. Not really. Usually they are over ______.
7. Do you think ______ happy to have them?
8. The parents are making sure that ______ children are on the right
track.
9. I cannot take you ______ on Friday.
10. Where are Sandhya and Dristi? ______ over ______.
11. They’ve forgotten ______ bags.
12. ______ are several mistakes in this paper.
94 Interchange Communicative English 4
Picture Talk
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
Look at the pictures and discribe them.
Let's Have Fun
A. Read the tongue twisters aloud. Then faster. Then three
times in a row.
A. Five fine fresh fish for you.
B. There was a fisherman named Fisher
who fished for some fish in a fissure.
Till a fish with a grin,
pulled the fisherman in.
Now they're fishing the fissure for Fisher.
C. She sells seashells
On the seashore.
The shells that she sells
Are seashells I'm sure.
So if she sells seasheels
On the seashore.
I'm are that the shellls
Are seashore shells.
B. Read them with a pencil. Circle each F in A and B and S in C.
How many F’s did you find? _________________________________
How many S’s did you find? _________________________________
Interchange Communicative English 4 95
UNIT 8 The Fun They Had
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
In this unit, you will:
Read a future school story
Listen and complete a text
Talk about future schools Unit Highlights
Write an email A Future School
Make a brochure Vowel sound /ʌ/
Use prepositions of time Consonant sound /k/
Discuss a picture Asking & giving directions
96 Interchange Communicative English 4
Let’s Begin
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
A. Look at the pictures and discuss these questions.
• What are the boy and the girl doing?
• Who is the man standing and speaking?
B. Have you ever written a personal journal or a diary? When
was the last time you wrote one? Do you write it regularly or
sometimes only?
Let’s Read
Who is the teacher in this story?
Do you believe that there will be robots teaching in the 22
nd
century?
The Fun They Had
Margie even wrote about it that night in her diary. On the page headed
May 17, 2157, she wrote, "Today Tommy found a real book!"
[…] Margie was eleven and hadn't seen as many textbooks as Tommy
Interchange Communicative English 4 97
had. He was thirteen.
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
She said, "Where did you
find it?"
"In my house. In the attic."
"What's it about?"
"School."
Margie was scornful.
"School? What's there to
write about school? I hate
school."
Margie always hated school, but now she hated it more than ever. The
mechanical teacher had been giving her test after test in geography
and she had been doing worse and worse. […]
She said to Tommy, "Why would anyone write about school?"
Tommy looked at her with very superior eyes. “Because it's not our
kind of school, stupid. This is the old kind of school that they had
hundreds of years ago." He added loftily, pronouncing the word
carefully, "Centuries ago."
Margie was hurt. "Well, I don’t know what kind of school they had all
that time ago." She read the book over his shoulder for a while, then
said, "Anyway, they had a teacher."
"Sure they had a teacher, but it wasn't a regular teacher. It was a man."
"A man? How could a man be a teacher?"
"Well, he just told the boys and girls things and gave them homework
and asked them questions."
"A man isn't smart enough."
"Sure he is. My father knows as much as my teacher."
"He can't. A man can't know as much as a teacher."
98 Interchange Communicative English 4
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
"He knows almost as much, I betcha."
Margie wasn't prepared to dispute that. She said, "I wouldn't want a
strange man in my house to teach me."
Tommy screamed with laughter. "You don't know much, Margie. The
teachers didn’t live in the house. They had a special building and all
the kids went there."
"And all the kids learnt the same things?"
"Sure, if they were the same age."
"But my mother says a teacher has to be adjusted to fit the mind
of each boy and girl it teaches and that each kid has to be taught
differently."
"Just the same they didn't do it that way then. If you don't like it, you
don't have to read the book."
"I didn't say I didn't like it," Margie said quickly. She wanted to read
about those funny schools.
Interchange Communicative English 4 99
They weren’t even
half finished when
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
Margie's mother
called, "Margie!
School!"
Margie looked up.
"Now yet, Mamma."
"Now!" said Mrs.
Jones. "And it's
probably time for
Tommy, too." […]
Margie went into the schoolroom. It was right next to her bedroom,
and the mechanical teacher was on and waiting for her. It was always
on at the same time every day except Saturday; because her mother
said little girls learned better if they learned at regular hours. The
screen was lit up, and it said: "Today's arithmetic lesson is on fractions.
Please insert yesterday's homework in the proper slot."
Margie did so with a sigh. She was thinking about the old schools. All
the kids from the whole neighbourhood came, laughing, and shouting
in the schoolyard, sitting together in the schoolroom, going home
together at the end of the day. They learned the same things, so they
could help one another on the homework and talk about it.
And the teachers were people…
The mechanical teacher was flashing on the screen: "When we add
the fractions ½ and ¼ …"
Margie was thinking about how the kids must have loved it in the old
days. She was thinking about the fun they had.
[Isaac Asimov, Earth is Room Enough, 1955]
100 Interchange Communicative English 4
Meet the poet
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
Born: Russia, 1920
Dead: New York, 1992
The author was an American biochemist
and writer. In 1939, he started writing
stories for science fiction magazines, and
became a full-time writer in 1958. He wrote
about 500 books (science fiction, science,
mysteries and fantasy). This story is about
computerized home schooling. Isaac Asimov
Word Trove
attic /ˈætɪk/ : a space or room inside the roof of a building
scornful /ˈskɔːnfl/ : feeling that something is worthless
loftily /ˈlɒftɪli/ : something done in a proud manner
betcha /ˈbɛtʃə/ : bet you (used to express confidence or certainty)
dispute /dɪˈspjuːt/ : a disagreement or argument
slot /slɒt/ : a narrow opening into a machine
Way With Words
Find the words given below in the word search box.
I C O M P U T E R U Y T arithmetic attic
C Y R R S C R E E N H E
E N I H C A M B N H P A funny geography
X C E D P E O P L E A C
C I T E M H T I R A R H people school
T E X T B O O K Y D G E diary textbook
K L O O H C S N R S O R
A T T I C O N I A U E Y machine teacher
X E T R C U S U I T G M
W T Z U F E N X D O U D computer screen
Interchange Communicative English 4 101
Checking Understanding
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
A. Write True or False.
1. Margie hated school more when the mechanical teacher gave her
test over test.
2. The book Tommy found was about future schools.
3. The teacher described in the book was a real man.
4. A man is not as smart as a machine.
5. Margie wanted to read about those funny schools in the past.
B. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
1. Margie was _________ years old.
2. Tommy was _________ years old.
3. Tommy had seen more _________ than Margie had seen them.
4. The book Tommy found was about _________ .
5. Margie did not think that real people could be _________ .
C. Answer the following questions.
1. What did Margie write on her diary?
2. Where was Margie’s school? Did she have any classroom?
3. What kind of teacher did Margie and Tommy have?
4. Why did Margie hate school? Why did she think the old kind of
school must have been fun?
5. Compare Tommy and Margie’s “regular teacher” with a teacher
from the past.
Going the Extra Mile
1. Do you believe that 22 century schooling will be the same
nd
as it is described in this story?
2. Would you rather have a "mechanical teacher" like the one in
the story or keep your regular teachers? Justify your answer
with examples.
102 Interchange Communicative English 4
Let’s Spell
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
Read the poem. The poet has seemed to have been confused
about the spelling of some words. Help the poet Kenn Nesbitt
to finalize the poem by ticking the correctly spelt words.
I Think My Dad Is Dracula
I think my dad is Dracula.
I know that sounds 1(insane, insain, insanee)
but 2(lissen, listen, lissten) for a moment and
allow me to 3(explaine, explane, explain).
We don't live in a 4(cassle, castle, kastle),
and we never sleep in 5(caves, kaves, cavves).
But, still, there's something 6(weard, weird, weerd)
about the way my dad 7(bihaves, beehaves, behaves).
I never see him go out
in the 8(datime, daytime, day thyme) when it's light.
He 9(sleeps, sleaps, sleps) all day till evening,
then he leaves the house at night.
He comes home in the 10(mornin, moorning, morning)
saying, "Man I'm really dead!"
He 11(kises, kisses, kizzes) us good night, and then
by 12(sunrize, sunrice, sunrise) he's in bed.
My mom heard my 13(suspicion, susphision, suspicien)
and she said, "You're not 14(two, too, to) swift.
Your father's not a 15(vampire, bampire, vampfire).
He just works the 16(grafeyard, graveyard, graaveyard) shift"
Interchange Communicative English 4 103
d Let's Learn the Sounds
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
A. Practise saying these words after your teacher.
diary textbook laughter scornful mechanical probably
geography superior dispute loftily centuries differently
B. Repeat after your teacher. Practise the ending sound /k/.
back pack prick quick hack cock
flock check stick kick slack stock
C. Repeat after your teacher. Practise the vowel sound /ʌ/.
hum hut until such but one
some company other under much country
Let’s Listen
Listen to your teacher or the tape and complete the text.
The _________ takes place in the year _________, where teaching is
performed by computer-like _________ with vast information stores.
The protagonists of this story are two _________, Tommy and Margie.
Tom, the older child, finds a _________ in his attic. He is very _________
by the object because the words on the page do not _________ like
the words on the _________ of their _________ teacher.
The book describes the __________ from centuries earlier, where
there was a __________ as __________ that gave homework and
asked __________ to his students, and all the boys and girls went into a
__________ building. Margie is very __________ but her mother calls
her __________ it is time for school. __________ for Tom and Margie
takes place at __________ in a room where they do __________ and
hand it in through a __________ slot in a mechanical teacher.
104 Interchange Communicative English 4
Let’s Speak
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
A. What kind of school would you like to have in the future.
B. Red the following dialogue.
A : When do you have Maths?
B : I've got Maths on Tuesdays and Fridays.
A : Do you read stories in Maths?
B : No, I don't.
A : What do you do in Maths lessons?
B : I count and do sums.
C. Now, talk to your partner about other subjects.
Everyday English
Study and roleplay the following dialogue.
Suman : Hi Jyoti.
Jyoti : Hi Suman. What’s up?
Suman : I’m looking for the Nepal Telecom Office. Can you tell me
how to get there?
Jyoti : No, sorry. I don’t know.
Suman : I think I can take a taxi
to the office. Do you know
where the taxi stop is?
Jyoti : Sure, it’s over there.
Suman : Where? I don’t see it.
Jyoti : Across the street.
Suman : Oh, I see it now. Thanks.
Jyoti : No problem.
Interchange Communicative English 4 105
Let’s Write
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
A. Write an email to your friend describing a recent funny
incident or an events where you had a lot of fun.
To: __________
Subject: __________________
Dear Friend,
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
_______________
Love from, _________
B. Describe a park or recreation center in your hometown.
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________
Let’s Connect
Read the following information and do the activities that follow.
Kathmandu Fun Valley, a new amusement park located in Palase
(Bhaktapur) near the tall Shiva statue officially came into operation
on 29 May 2013. It is one the best Fun Spot for having Fun.
Kathmandu Fun Valley is an amusement park. It is a group of
entertainment attractions, rides, and other events in a location for
the enjoyment of large numbers of people. It is more elaborate than a
simple city park or playground, usually providing attractions meant to
cater specifically to certain age groups, as well as some that are aimed
towards all ages. Kathmandu fun Valley is much more intricately theme
towards Water Rides than normal amusement parks.
106 Interchange Communicative English 4
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
The park also has its restaurant to cater to the hungry souls who want
to grab a bite after having tried out the exciting rides. The park will
leave you fully entertained with its amazing rides and slides.
There is something for everyone either young or old.
Ticket Price
Adults: Rs. 600 per person
Children: Rs. 400 per child below three feet
Package: Rs. 1200 for family of three and Rs. 1500 for four family
members and Rs. 1000 for a pair (a boy and a girl).
*Packages not applicable on Saturdays.
(http://www.kathmandufunvalley.com)
Answer these questions.
1. Where is the new amusement park located?
2. When did this fun park come into operation?
3. What makes the park goers feel fully entertained?
4. What will be the ticket price for the package of your family?
Interchange Communicative English 4 107
Let’s Create
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
If you would like to make your own fun park, what would it look
like? Make a three-fold information brochure about your very
own fun park.
You have one week to design the ultimate, the
most spectacular, and the most daring fun park in
the world. You should present it with information
and illustrations explaining and showing along the
way all the features that your fun park has.
Be creative and inventive. Think up a really catchy name for the park.
Instruction:
Fold a piece of A4 into thirds to create six sections.
On page one put your title and an illustration.
On page two write about major attractions – the thrills and spills page.
On page three draw a mini map of your park and provide a key showing
your rides.
On page four have your prices and deals for families, etc.
On page five have your five rules and regulations for your park.
On page six have your contact details such as email and website.
Time for Grammar
Grammar Spotlight
We use many different prepositions for talking about time. Here we
are looking at: in, on, at.
In Months: in January / in April
Seasons: in spring / in winter
Years: in 1994 / in 2016
Centuries: in the 20th century
Times of day: in the morning / in the evening
108 Interchange Communicative English 4
On Days of the week: on Monday / on Friday
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
Days + parts of days: on Tuesday afternoon / on Saturday
mornings
Dates: on November 22nd
Special days: on my birthday / on New Year’s Day
At Clock times: at 7.30 am / at 5 o’clock
Festivals: at Christmas / at Dashain
Exceptions: at night / at the weekend
A. Write the words into the correct group.
9 o’clock Christmas the 60s the afternoon
Monday morning August the weekend Tuesday
Buddha Purnima 2005 12 December my birthday
th
In On At
B. Complete the following sentences with the propositions in,
on or at.
1. I usually get up ____ 6 o’clock.
2. My brother was born ____ August 2000.
3. He always has a big party ____ New Year’s Eve.
4. Bye, Rashmi. See you ____ Sunday.
5. It rained a lot ____ summer.
6. My sister sang and danced ____ her birthday.
7. What time do you get up ____ Saturdays?
8. It sometimes snows ____ December.
9. Where are you normally at two o’clock ____ the afternoon?
10. Do you read in bed ____ night?
Interchange Communicative English 4 109
Picture Talk
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
Look at the picture and talk about it with your friends.
Let's Have Fun
Read the following dialogue and discuss the following questions.
Aron : Hey Peter, can I tell you a secret?
Bibek : Sure, I won't tell anybody.
Aron : You have to promise not to tell anybody.
Bibek : OK. I promise not to tell anybody.
Aron : Can I really trust you?
Bibek : Yes, you can trust me. Tell me your secret!
Aron : OK. I don't brush my teeth in the morning. I pretend to
brush my teeth, but I don't.
Bibek : That's disgusting! I'm going to tell my mother!
Questions
1. Do you think Aron's secret is disgusting?
2. Why do you think brushing our teeth is important?
3. What do you think is disgusting?
110 Interchange Communicative English 4
UNIT 9 The White Window
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
In this unit, you will:
Read a poem
Listen and answer the questions
Deliver a short speech
Write a short narrative Unit Highlights
Compose a poem A poem
Try out a recipe Vowel sound /a:/
Use some or any Consonant blend /cl/
Listen and enjoy a song Expressing forgiveness
Interchange Communicative English 4 111
Let’s Begin
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
Look at the picture and say
what the child is doing?
Is he overjoyed? Or sad? Why?
Let’s Read
A. Have you ever seen the moon
from your bedroom window?
And when you were lying on
your bed?
B. Why do you think the moon
comes every night?
C. Read the poem related to the moon coming to see you as you
get ready to sleep.
The White Window
The moon comes every night to peep
Through the window where I lie,
And I pretend to be asleep;
But I watch the moon as it goes by,
And it never makes a sound.
It stands and stares, and then it goes
To the house that's next to me,
Stealing on its tippy-toes,
To peep at folk asleep maybe;
And it never makes a sound.
- James Stephens (1882 - 1950)
112 Interchange Communicative English 4
Meet the Poet
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
James Stephens (born on 9 February 1882)
was an Irish novelist and poet. James
produced many retellings of Irish myths and
fairy tales. He also wrote several original
novels. During the last decade of his life,
Stephens found a new audience through a
series of broadcasts on the BBC. He died on
26 December, 1950. James Stephens
Word Trove
peep /piːp/ : look quickly through a narrow opening
pretend /prɪˈtend/ : act as if, make up
stealing /stiːlɪŋ/ : moving quietly, creeping
tippy-toes /tɪpɪtəʊz/ : walking (quietly) on the tips of one's toes
folk /fəʊk/ : people
Way With Words
A. Look at the picture and complete the crossword puzzle.
M F
C
N A
T -
H
W P
Interchange Communicative English 4 113
B. Find words from the passage which mean the following.
a. to have a look
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
b. to act as if something is true when it is not true
c. to be in a state of sleep
d. to continuously look at someone/thing for a while
e. people (in a friendly and informal way)
Checking Understanding
A. Write True or False.
1. The moon comes to see the child every night.
2. The child is asleep.
3. The moon goes quietly.
4. The moon stops and looks at the child.
5. The moon does not go to other people’s houses.
B. Fill in the blanks with the words given in the box.
asleep awake tippy-toes sound house
1. The moon does not make any __________
2. It moves from house to __________
3. The child pretends to be __________
4. But the child is __________
5. The moon moves quietly on its __________
C. Answer the questions.
1. When does the moon come to look at the child?
2. How does the moon move? Does it make any sound?
3. Through what does the moon look at the child?
4. What is the child doing?
5. Why does the moon go to next house?
114 Interchange Communicative English 4
Going the Extra Mile
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
Let's discuss.
1. What are the most beautiful things of nature?
2. Why do you consider these things to be beautiful?
Let’s analyze.
1. How does the poem make you feel?
2. Which words or phrases convey the mood of the poem?
Let’s synthesize.
1. Can you create an image in your mind when you read the poem?
2. Which words and phrases help you create an image?
Let’s Spell
A. Can you find and write two other words that rhyme with the
given words.
a. land b. fun c. nose d. crow
e. blow f. fight g. knit h. ring
B. Underline 15 spelling errors. Then rewrite the paragraph
correctly.
I gess you havn’t herd the news. We half an incredible new animal
at the zoo! Its a young mail guerilla named Koko. When he is fully
groan, he will way 400 pounds and reach a height of about six feet.
You should go to sea hymn immediately. He’s grate!
Let's Learn the Sounds
d
A. Practise saying these words after your teacher.
every night peep through window pretend
asleep stands stares stealing tippy-toes folk
Interchange Communicative English 4 115
B. Repeat after your teacher. Practise the initial consonant
blend /cl-/.
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
clap clock class clean cloud clay
close claw clown climb clothes club
C. Repeat after your teacher. Practise the vowel sound /ɑː/.
after ask art father last start
part large argue arm party heart
Let’s Listen
Listen to your teacher or the tape and answer the questions that
follow.
1. Which year did Mickey Mouse first appear in a short film?
a. 1917 b. 1938 c. 1928 d. 1927
2. What short film did Mickey Mouse first appear in?
3. What colour are Mickey's shorts?
4. Who created the voice of Mickey Mouse?
5. Who is Mickeyk's girlfriend?
6. Who came up with the name 'Mickey'?
7. What is the name of Mickeys' dog?
8. How many fingers does Mickey have on each hand?
Let’s Speak
A. What is your favourite TV show? What kinds of shoes or
movies do you like? Discuss with your friends.
B. Prepare and deliver a short speech (2 minutes) on ‘My
favourite cartoon character’.
C. Discuss with your friends if you have got any pets. Are you
planning to get any more? Why? Why not?
116 Interchange Communicative English 4
Everyday English
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
A. Study the following dialogue.
Melina : Excuse me!
Stranger : Yes?
Melina : Are you Miss Nisha?
Stranger : No, I’m not.
Melina : Sorry!
Stranger : That’s all right.
B. Here are some more phrases to show forgiveness.
That’s all right.
No problem.
It’s all right.
Never mind.
Don’t be late again.
That’s OK.
Please, don’t worry.
Don't worry about it.
OK, it wasn’t your fault.
C. Supply expressions of forgiveness to the following:
1. Suresh : I’m sorry, I’ve just broken your pen.
Sristi : ________________________________________
2. Son : Sorry, Mom. I forgot to buy the vegetables.
Mom : ________________________________________
3. Nikita : I’m sorry, I’m late.
Teacher : ________________________________________
4. Kriti : Sorry, I didn’t know that it was yours.
Pooja : ________________________________________
Interchange Communicative English 4 117
Let’s Write
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
A. Write a short narrative of a rainy or stormy evening.
B. Compose a poem on The Clear Sky or any topic suggested by
your teacher.
Let’s Connect
Read the following text and answer the questions the follow.
The Moon seems to follow you because it’s so far away. That idea may
sound wrong. After all, how could something far away seem to follow
along? To understand, start with objects that are much closer.
When you are riding in a car, close things seem to move by rapidly
as you pass
them. A tree or
house by the
road starts out
ahead of you. It
comes up fast,
and in a few
moments, it’s
far behind you.
Objects that
are far away
do not seem to
move very fast.
If you can see a faraway building or a mountain from a moving car,
notice how long it takes for that object to pass by. Out West, you can
sometimes ride toward mountains that never seem to get any closer.
The Moon is more than 200,000 miles away. It is so far away that
the motion of your car doesn’t change its position enough for you to
118 Interchange Communicative English 4
notice. So the Moon just seems to follow you wherever you go.
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
(http://www.highlightskids.com/science-questions/why-does-moon-follow-me)
Questions:
a. Why does the moon seem to follow you?
b. Why can't you pass the moon but can easily pass the trees and houses?
Let’s Create
Let’s make Moon Biscuits.
Moon Biscuits
Moon biscuits are made in the shape of the crescent Moon.
What You'll Need:
• 2 spoonful sugar
• 2 cups wheat flour
• A handful of almonds
• 1/4 cup non-fat dry (powdered) milk
• 1/4 cup cooked and mashed carrots
How to Make It:
1. In a large bowl, mix together the flour, the powdered milk, and the
carrots.
2. Use clean hands to squish the batter until you can no longer see
any dry flour. If the mixture is too sticky, add a small amount of the
wheat flour. If the mixture is too dry, add a bit of water or carrot
juice.
3. Roll or press the dough with your fingers into a 1/4-to-1/2-inch
thickness.
4. Use a cookie cutter to cut the dough into shapes (cut the shape of
the crescent Moon), then place them on a greased cookie sheet.
Keep the almonds sparingly over the shapes.
5. Bake the treats in an oven until they are browned and crunchy.
6. After all the treats have been baked, turn off the oven. Enjoy!
Interchange Communicative English 4 119
Time for Grammar
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
1. Complete the sentences with some or any.
a. I'd like ______ water, please.
b. Are there ______ Mexican students in your class?
c. It's a good idea to drink ______ fruit juice between meals.
d. It's healthy to put ______ sugar in your tea.
e. I haven't got ______ brothers or sisters.
f. Chocolate hasn't got ______ vitamins or minerals in it.
g. I'm sorry but there isn't ______ milk.
h. Are there ______ films on TV tonight?
Picture Talk
Look at the pictures and talk about them with your friends.
120 Interchange Communicative English 4
Let's Have Fun
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
Read the lyrics of the song “Fly Me To The Moon” by Frank Sinatra.
Search YouTube for the song and listen and enjoy the song.
Fly Me To The Moon
Fly me to the moon
Let me play among the stars
Let me see what spring is like
On Jupiter and Mars
In other words, hold my hand
In other words, baby, kiss me
Fill my heart with song
And let me sing for ever more
You are all I long for
All I worship and adore
In other words, please be true
In other words, I love you
Fill my heart with song
And let me sing for ever more
You are all I long for
All I worship and adore
In other words, please be true
In other words, in other words
I love you.
Interchange Communicative English 4 121
UNIT 10 School Uniforms
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
In this unit, you will:
Read a speech script
Learn the alphabetical order
Listen and answer the questions
Organize a class debate Unit Highlights
Write a friendly letter A Student’s Speech
Write a paragraph Vowel sound /ɔː/
Use how much or how many Consonant blend /br/
Enjoy the riddles Making requests & queries
122 Interchange Communicative English 4
Let’s Begin
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
A. Read the following dialogue and discuss what Anup and
Jane are talking about.
Anup : Hello, Jane. How are you? Are you ready for school?
Jane : Well, I am fine. I’ve got a new uniform. What about you?
Anup : My old uniform is OK. I can wear it. But I feel sorry.
Jane : Why?
Anup : Winter is not yet over, but holidays are over...
Jane : So what? We are going to meet at school again. Isn't it nice?
B. How do you feel when you get a new school uniform? Share
your ideas with your friends.
Let’s Read
Read the following speech script prepared by a students on
'School Uniforms'.
Good Morning, Ladies and Gentlemen!
My name is Karishma Tamang and I am from class four. I am going to
express my views against the given motion ‘School uniforms should
not be made compulsory’.
Firstly, let me define what a school uniform is. The word 'uniform'
means 'having the same form'. So a school uniform means that every
student in school wears the same clothes (though girls often have a
different uniform from boys).
I can almost hear some of you say, "Why do we need to wear school
uniform? Why can’t we wear what we like?" Well, let me clarify.
Having a school uniform gives you an identity. It means that you
belong to that particular school. You are part of a special group of
people and you belong to that group. Having a school uniform is also
Interchange Communicative English 4 123
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
good because:
You don't have to worry about what to wear on a school day.
You know that everyone else will be wearing school uniform.
You can save your 'good' stuff for weekends.
The clothes are usually practical and comfortable to wear.
With a uniform, you have got most of the clothes you need to
wear, so you don't need as many casual clothes, and if you are
growing quickly that will be a big saving for your Mum, Dad or
whoever buys your clothes.
It promotes equity because everyone has to wear the same.
There is less pressure on kids to wear the latest fashion.
But I also agree with my opponent friends that skirts or formal pants
are not good for doing sports. So I suggest that we may have a changing
room and we bring sports uniform. But I insist we need uniforms even
for sports.
Just imagine, what if there is no uniform at your school? Sometimes
this is OK but it can be a nightmare for yourself and the people who
look after you. Trying to keep up with the clothes that you need for
six days every week plus weekend, sports and club activities can be
expensive and hard to manage.
Now with all of these ideas, I think I could convince you that school
uniform should be compulsory.
Thank you.
124 Interchange Communicative English 4
Word Trove
FSAMPLE ONLY
motion /ˈməʊʃn/ : main topic or clue for speech or debate
identity /aɪˈdentəti/ : the state or fact of being the same one, also being oneself
stuff /stʌf/ : things (here clothes)
comfortable /ˈkʌmftəbl/ : easy to wear
casual /ˈkæʒuəl/ : appropriate for wearing on informal occasions
equity /ˈekwəti/ : the quality of being fair or impartial; fairness
insist /ɪnˈsɪst/ : to say firmly, to emphasize
nightmare /ˈnaɪtmeə(r)/ : a terrifying dream
Way With Words
A. Find the following words in the crossword puzzle.
R K Y I Q L E G X T E U
M I T X F X A Z K L S N
N O I T O M U U B Q E I
I Q U N C S L A S I K F
C D Q N O N T O D A A O
L
S
G
Z
R
M W E N O W A F N B C M
R
X
FOR M O G H Q W B W U U
S
J
L
Z
K
C
F
G
T
L
S
I
F
H
K
L
O
W
D
X
A
T
M
E
N
O
Z
R
G
I
D
B
H
N
X
C
O
Q
R
Y
C
T
P
N
P
E
COMFORTABLE
CASUAL H U J L S V NIGHTMARE W V EQUITY
FASHION IDENTITY MOTION UNIFORM
Interchange Communicative English 4 125
Checking Understanding
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
A. Match the following halves.
Karishma Tamang is are not good for doing sport
Uniform means school uniforms should be mandatory.
Having a school uniform even for sports.
Skirts or pants gives you an identity.
We need uniform having the same form.
Karishma convinces the studying in class four.
audience that
B. Write True or False.
1. Karishma speaks for the motion of the debate.
2. She does not like school uniform.
3. She does not like to wear school uniform for sports.
4. She says that school uniform saves your parents’ expenses.
5. She suggests wearing casual dress at school.
C. Answer the following questions.
1. Do you agree with Karishma? Why or why not?
2. At what point does she not like school uniform? What suggestion
does she give?
3. Why do some students say they don’t need school uniform? What
do you say?
4. What does school uniform give you?
5. Which can be expensive – school uniform or casual wear? Why?
Going the Extra Mile
A. Do you think students should be required to wear school
uniforms? Why or why not?
126 Interchange Communicative English 4
B. What benefit, if any, do you see in school uniform policies?
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
C. Do you think students should be able to dress as they please
for school? Explain.
Let’s Spell
A. Put the following words in the alphabetical order.
uniform debate identity audience casual
speech weekend nightmare special opponent
B. Supply the missing letters.
u __ __ f __ __ m d __ b __ t __
i d __ __ t __ t __ n __ g __ t __ __ r __
c __ s __ a __ a __ d __ e n c __
s p __ c __ __ l o p __ o n __ __ t
w __ k __ n d s p __ c __
Let's Learn the Sounds
d
A. Practise saying these words after your teacher.
identity skirts sports uniform debate casual
gentlemen worry equity insist nightmare convince
B. Repeat after your teacher. Practise the initial consonant
blend / br-/.
brain branch bride brook brave bridge
bring brother break brick brown brush
C. Repeat after your teacher. Practise the vowel sound /ɔː/.
caught fought cord port bought brought
cause caution dawn sport ought author
Interchange Communicative English 4 127
Let’s Listen
Manoj FOR SAMPLE ONLY
Listen to a student introducing himself and answer the questions.
a) Where is Gaurav's school?
b) Does he wear a tie?
c) What colour is his jacket?
d) What has he got on the pocket?
e) Does it snow in winter in Chitwan?
f) What does Gaurav often wear at home in winter?
Let’s Speak
A. Prepare and deliver a short speech on 'Importance of School
Uniform'.
B. Organize a debate competition on “Homework should be
banned”. Your teacher will facilitate you.
Everyday English
A. Study and roleplay the following dialogue.
Manoj : Have you got sketch pens?
Shopkeeper: Yes, I do.
Manoj : How many colours are there in a set?
Shopkeeper: Eight.
Manoj : How much does a set cost?
Shopkeeper: Sixty rupees.
Manoj : OK. Give me one.
Shopkeeper: One moment, please! ........ Here you are.
: Here’s your money, thanks.
Shopkeeper: Welcome.
128 Interchange Communicative English 4
B. Complete the texts to make requests or queries.
1. Could ........................ time?
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
2. Would ........................ me?
3. Is it ok ........................ on Jane 5th?
4. Can ........................ late?
5. Could you tell me where ........................ ?
6. Do you know ........................ means?
7. Could ........................ attention, please?
8. Would you ........................ ?
Let’s Write
Write a letter to your pen friend about your school uniform.
• the colour of your school uniform.
• the school uniform for boys
• the school uniform for girls
• the rules for school uniform
Dear …….,
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………….……
…………………………
…………………
…………........……..
Let’s Connect
A. Read the following paragraph written by a middle school
student.
Copying homework is bad. Since homework is usually given to make
you practise what you have learned, or sometimes to see what you
already know, it is necessary that you do it on our own. For me, taking
help for homework is also not good. You should do it on your own,
because it is only your job. If you don’t know, don’t copy from someone
Interchange Communicative English 4 129
else or get help from your family members either.
You go straight to your teacher and clearly tell
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
him or her that you tried your best. This also gives
your teacher an opportunity to know what your
status is and what (further) and how to teach you.
Copying someone else's homework is against the
general rule, and it is unethical. It is about cheating
oneself. If you copy from someone, you will never Sristi Khadka
learn how to do that activity. So when you need to
rely on your own, for example, in the exam, you cannot copy and then
you may get a failing grade. Therefore, I insist that you do your own
homework.
B. Do you agree or disagree with the argument presented above? Why?
C. Write a paragraph presenting your argument on how
homework should be done.
Let’s Create
Draw the proposed design of the uniform for your school and
describe it.
Time for Grammar
A. Complete the questions with How much or How many.
a. _______ water do you drink every day?
b. _______ cups of coffee do you drink every day?
c. _______ sugar do you have with your coffee or tea ?
d. _______ red meat do you eat every week?
e. _______ sweets and biscuits and do you eat e very week?
f. _______ hours sleep do you have every night?
g. _______ time do you work on a computer every day?
h. _______ kilometres do you walk every day?
130 Interchange Communicative English 4
B. Choose the correct alternatives.
a. How many / much brothers and sisters have you got?
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
b. How many / much students are there in your class?
c. How many / much money have you got with you today?
d. How many / much languages can you speak?
e. How many / much time do you watch sports on TV every week?
f. How many / much homework is there tonight?
Picture Talk
Look at the pictures and describe the uniforms. Which one do
you like? Why?
Let's Have Fun
Try answering the following riddles and enjoy them.
1. What letter of the alphabet is an insect?
2. What letter is a part of the head?
3. What letter is a drink?
4. What letter of the alphabet has got lots of water?
5. What letter of the alphabet is always waiting in order?
Interchange Communicative English 4 131
UNIT 11 Friendship
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
In this unit, you will:
Read a story of a proud girl
Learn prefixes and root words
Listen and choose the answer
Talk about your likes and dislikes Unit Highlights
Write a paragraph Opinions on friendship
Prepare a shopping list Vowel sound /aʊ/
Learn singular or plural nouns Consonant blend /fr/
Enjoy a story Buying things
132 Interchange Communicative English 4
Let’s Begin
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
A. For each item below, select either a, or b, or c as your choice.
1. For me, friends are ______ .
a. more important than my family
b. as important as my family.
c. less important than my family.
2. In my opinion, the quality that's most important in a friend is __
a. loyalty.
b. a good sense of humour.
c. honesty.
3. I don't get on well with people who ______ .
a. are secretive.
b. are unkind.
c. try to control your life.
4. My parents ______ .
a. know all my friends really well.
b. know some of my friends, but not all of them.
c. haven't met many of my fiends.
5. My friends and I ______ .
a. agree about nearly everything.
b. sometimes have different opinions.
c. often have different opinions.
6. I think most people want friends who ______ .
a. always support them.
b. give them good advice.
c. respect their opinions.
B. Compare your answers with your friends. Have you got the
same opinions about friendship?
Interchange Communicative English 4 133
Let’s Read
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
Read the story “Fiona Famous” and do the activities that follow.
Fiona Famous
Fiona Famous was a very popular girl at school. She was clever and
friendly, and got on well with everyone. From an early age she had
made an effort to be kind and friendly to everyone. She invited the
whole class to her birthday party, and from time to time she would
give presents to everybody. She was such a busy girl, with so many
friends, that she hardly got a chance to spend time with individual
friends. However, she felt very lucky; no other girl had so many friends
at school and in the neighbourhood.
But everything changed on a Friendship Day. On that day, at school,
everyone was having a great time, drawing, painting, giving gifts. That
day in class everyone had to make three presents to give to their three
best friends. Fiona enjoyed the task of choosing three from amongst
all the dozens of her friends.
134 Interchange Communicative English 4
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
However, when all the presents had been made and shared out among
classmates, Fiona was the only one who had not received a present!
She felt terrible, and spent hours crying. How could it be possible?
So much effort to make so many friends, and in the end no one saw
her as their best friend? Everyone came and tried to console her for a
while. But each one only stayed for a short time before leaving.
This was exactly what Fiona had done so many times to others.
She realized that she was a good companion and acquaintance, but
she had not been a true friend to anyone. She had tried not to argue
with anyone, she had tried to pay attention to everyone, but now she
had found out that that was not enough to create true friendship.
When she got home that night, created quite a puddle with her tears,
and Fiona asked her mother where she could find true friends.
"Fiona, my dear," answered her mother, "you cannot buy friends with
a smile or a few good words. If you really want true friends, you will
have to give them real time and affection. For a true friend, you must
always be available, in good times and bad."
"But I want to be everybody's friend! I need to share my time among
everyone!” Fiona protested.
Interchange Communicative English 4 135
"My dear, you're a lovely girl," said her mother, "but you can't be a
close friend to everybody. There just isn't enough time to be available
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
for everyone, so it's only possible to have a few true friends. The others
will by playmates or acquaintances, but they won't be close friends".
Hearing this, Fiona decided to change her ways so that she could
finally have some true friends. That night, in bed, she thought about
what she could do to get them.
She thought about her mother. Her mother was always willing to help
her, she put up with all of Fiona's dislikes and problems, she always
forgave her, she loved her a great deal...
That was what makes friends!
And Fiona smiled from ear to ear, realizing that she already had the
best friend anyone could ever want.
Meet the poet
Pedro Pablo Sacristán was born in Madrid
in 1973. He is the second of six children
and studied at the private school where
his father worked as an athletic trainer.
He was a studious kid, good athlete and
very well behaved boy. He had a good
education in an atmosphere of deep
Christian roots. Pedro Pablo Sacristan
Word Trove
companion /kəmˈpæniən/ : friend
acquaintance /əˈkweɪntəns/ : newly contact (friend)
puddle /ˈpʌdl/ : pool, small pond
affection /əˈfekʃn/ : love, liking
136 Interchange Communicative English 4
Way With Words
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
A. Match the following words with their meanings.
dozen a small pool of water
terrible pretty
present very bad, awful
true gift
lovely group of twelve
puddle real or genuine
B. Complete the crossword puzzle below.
Across 1
4. friends in play
5. readily obtainable; accessible
7. neighbourly feeling or conduct 2
8. undesirable happening
3
4
5
6
7
Down
1. pardoned or excused
2. called with request
8
3. a good friend
6. the day you were born
Interchange Communicative English 4 137
C. Find the given words in the wordsearch puzzle.
U R N O I T C E F F A A popular
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
F R I E N D S A V S C N acquaintance
H X V D W N M Z Y Q D G
E L B I R R E T U R E C friends
U L R R H D E A I A V S loved
O O S D N E I R F L A Z companion
Y V M A Y N F H V U G P forgave
A E B N T T D E W P R U terrible
B D E A U C H F W O O D
R B N N H C V R G P F D affection
V C I P R E S E N T E L present
E N O I N A P M O C P E puddle
Checking Understanding
A. Write True or False.
a. She was a very busy girl.
b. Fiona could not choose three friends from amongst her friends.
c. Fiona received a lot of presents.
d. No one saw Fiona as their best friend.
e. Fiona’s mother told how she could find true friends.
B. Fill in the blanks.
a. Fiona Famous was a very popular girl at school.
b. Everything changed on a Friendship Day.
c. When she did not receive any presents, she felt terrible.
d. Everyone came and consoled her for a while.
e. Fiona had been a good companion but not a true friend to anyone.
138 Interchange Communicative English 4
C. Answer the following questions.
a. How was Fiona Famous since her early age?
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
b. Why was Fiona a very busy girl?
c. What did they have to do on the Friendship Day?
d. What did Fiona realize after the Friendship Day incident?
e. What did Fiona’s mother tell her about finding true friends?
Going the Extra Mile
Who is your best friend? What makes your friend the best one
among all your friends? Give his or her descriptions using four
qualities that make him or her your best friend.
Let’s Spell
Match the given prefixes with their root words.
dis un mis re pre il ir im in
__ build __ position __ view __ legal __ agree
__ easy __ lead __ possible __ logical __ appear
__ equal __ active __ proper __ visible __ place
__ act __ relevant __ regular __ lucky __ correct
d Let's Learn the Sounds
A. Practise saying these words after your teacher.
popular present terrible companion acquaintance
puddle affection forgave friends possible
B. Repeat after your teacher. Practise the initial consonant
blend / fr-/.
fry fright frog fruit frantic freeze
fresh from frozen frost friend frequent
Interchange Communicative English 4 139
C. Repeat after your teacher. Practise the vowel sound /aʊ/.
now how doubt count loud sound
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
proud found bow cloud trout clown
Let’s Listen
A. Listen to Pankaj and then answer the questions. Choose the
best answer A, B, or C.
1. Pankaj is _________ .
a. a student b. a teacher c. a doctor
2. He loves studying _________ .
a. Maths and art b. history and English c. Nepali and history
3. His mother and father _________ .
a. live in a small house b. buy him a lot of things
c. are very beautiful
4. Nimisha _________ .
a. loves Pankaj b. is the doctor’s daughter
c. loves all the boys
5. Nimisha will dance with Pankaj if _________ .
a. he buys her lots of things b. he stops studying
c. he gives her a red rose
Let’s Speak
A. John is at home. His friend comes in. Notice how they express
their likes and dislikes.
John : Hi, John. Do you fancy watching a film this evening?
Zina : Oh, no thanks, I don't really feel like watching a film. How
about going out instead.
John : OK. Do you feel like going to the theater?
Zina : Oh, no. I hate it. Do you like eating at the new Thakali restaurant?
140 Interchange Communicative English 4
John : I don't mind. The Thakali dish is alright.
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
Zina : Well, I really love it. Let's go.
B. Work in pairs. Talk about your likes and dislikes.
Everyday English
Study and roleplay the following dialogue.
Shopkeeper: May I help you, Miss?
Smarika : I’m looking for a black cotton T-shirt.
Shopkeeper: Here’s one, Miss.
Smarika : Do you mind if I try this on me?
Shopkeeper: No, not at all.
Smarika : Thank you (after trying). It’s quite all right for me. I’ll take
this. How much does it cost?
Shopkeeper: Five hundred rupees.
Smarika : Here’s the money, thanks.
Shopkeeper: Welcome.
B. Suppose you’ve just been to a supermarket to buy some
fruit. Write the dialogue between you and the sales person.
Let’s Write
A. Read the following paragraph.
MY BEST FRIEND
There are three things about Aseem that make
him my best friend. Firstly, he is friendly. He talks
with everyone and speaks politely. Secondly, he is
helpful. He helps everyone who is in need. Finally,
he has a good sense of humour. He makes everyone
smile with his funny jokes. These qualities make
him my best friend. Aryan Timla
Interchange Communicative English 4 141
B. Write a short paragraph on ‘My best friend’ clearly outlining
three qualities that make him or her your best friend.
FOR SAMPLE ONLY
Let’s Connect
A. Some people like shopping, others don’t. Read these
teenagers’ opinions.
Anna from New York
I love shopping, especially clothes! I usually go to Macy's, I prefer
department stores to shops. They have a wide range of things. There is
a shop there that has sales all year round, so prices are much cheaper.
I usually go there once a month with my friends. As a matter of fact,
we were there last weekend to buy a birthday present for Maria.
Mamun from Sri Lanka
I hate shopping and I usually make a list of what I need and ask my
mom to buy it. As school was about to start, last weekend she made
me go with her to Colombo Shopping Centre to buy some new clothes.
It was a nightmare! We spent hours coming in and out of crowded
shops and my mom was always stopping to talk to her friends. The
only good thing is that she bought me a new computer game. That
really put a smile on my face.
B. Write your opinion on shopping.
Let’s Create
As you are approaching the end of this academic year, you may
have already started thinking of what to buy for the next year.
Prepare a shopping list for your next academic year.
142 Interchange Communicative English 4
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