Hello-Grammer-6

C. Identify verbs in the news report. Then, Action Verbs should be

underlined once, State Verbs should be underlined twice and Auxiliary
Verbs should be circled once.





MESSI Wins Ballon d’Or for Fifth Time





REUTERS
ZURICH, JAN 11, 2016



Lionel Messi reclaimed the FIFA
Ballon d’Or Award for the word
player of the year on Monday from
his great rival Christiano Ronaldo
who had walked off with the award
for the previous two years. FifaBallon
d’Or Award is globally popular. The
Barcelona and Argentine forward
took 41.33 percent of the votes
followed by the Portuguese and
Read Madrid forward (27. 76 percent), with Brazil and Barcelona
forward Neymar third (7.86 per cent).


“It is a very special moment for me to be back here on this
stage, winning again another Ballon d’Or after being there in the
audience watching Christiano win,” said Messi as he accepted
the award at the end of a drawn-out 90-minute ceremony.
Messi, as all football lovers know appears best player in the
soccer history. Initially started as the FIFA World Player of the
Year Award in 1991, it became as the Ballon d’Or after merging
with France Football’s European footballer of the year award
in 2010.







101 Hello Grammar 6

Lesson 12: Transitive and

Intransitive Verbs




Transitive Verbs need an object to make sentences meaningful. Objects
are nouns or pronouns that receive the effect of an action verb.
Examples: We demanded many storybooks.
You threw a ball at me.
The effect of the action verbs ‘demanded’ and ‘threw’ goes to the
objects ‘many storybooks and ‘a ball’ in the sentences above.


Transitive Verbs are not followed by prepositions or adverbs except for
the case of Phrasal Verbs.
Examples: We took off our shoes. (removed)
I gave up smoking last week. (stopped)
Generally, transitive verbs are not followed by prepositions. But ‘took off’
and ‘gave up’ are phrasal verbs. The combination of verbs and prepositions
is a must for its meaning.


Phrasal Verbs are simple verbs combined with an adverb or a preposition,
or sometimes both, to construct a new verb with an entirely new meaning.
Examples: My apology application was turned down. (reject)
The price of petrol is falling off in Europe. (decrease)
She can put up with such torture. (tolerate)




A. Underline Verbs in the following sentences and write Ordinary
Verbs or Phrasal Verbs on the lines provided.

1. For heaven’s sake shut her up. _________________________________
2. I look forward to seeing you soon. _____________________________

3. Look over the pen before buying. ______________________________

4. Sahil knocked a convict down in the court. ______________________
5. Time is passing. ____________________________________________

6. Rima ran very fast to school. __________________________________



102 Hello Grammar 6

7. A farmer cut his leg by accident. ________________________

8. We continued our journey. ___________________________



Classwork: Have students bring cards with Phrasal Verbs and their
meanings. Shuffle the cards and let students match Phrasal Verbs

and Their Meanings.



B. Underline verbs in the following sentences and write Transitive Verb
or Ordinary Verb on the lines provided.
1. These shops have been constructed for ‘The City Book Fair’.

________________________
2. He daughter won the baby show. ____________________________
3. Your result was brilliant. ___________________________
4. Your dressed looked beautiful. ___________________________

5. We should spend our time in constructive and creative activities.
________________________
6. He has gone to his hometown. _________________________
7. Post your invitation card to my new address.

__________________________
8. She really liked the design of my dress. _________________________
9. She runs to a shelter. __________________________



Intransitive Verbs do not need objects to make sentences meaningful.
Examples: A bus went.
Ram fell asleep.


Intransitive Verbs may be followed by adverbs or phrases.
Example: They stood in a long, long queue in front of a petrol pump.


Phrasal verbs can also be Intransitive Verbs in the absence of objects.
Examples: The plane took off easily.
Rhinos are dying out in Nepal.





103 Hello Grammar 6

C. Look at the underlined verbs below and write whether they are

Transitive Verbs or Intransitive Verbs on the lines provided.
1. Who entered into an agreement and why? _______________________

2. The fox came out at first. ____________________________________

3. A plane flew higher and higher. _______________________________

4. A baby was smiling. _________________________________________
5. A writer made up his mind to write a book. ______________________

6. The lion wanted to kill the jackal. ______________________________

7. What time do you get up? ____________________________________

8. My uncle went downstairs. ___________________________________



Some Action Verbs can be both Transitive Verbs and Intransitive Verbs.
Examples: My father runs a supermarket in Itahari. (transitive-followed
by an object ‘supermarket’)
My brother runs towards a river. (intransitive)

The plants may not survive the frost this winter. (transitive -
followed by an object ‘frost’)
An employee cannot survive on Rs 500 per day.intransitive)


D. Rewrite the following sentences changing Transitive Verbs into

Intransitive and Intransitive Verbs into Transitive Verbs.

1. Some ants fought the wasps.

___________________________________________________________.

2. The shot sank the ship.

___________________________________________________________.

3. The bell rang loudly at school.

___________________________________________________________.







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4. The train stopped suddenly.


___________________________________________________________.

5. We spoke the truth in front of our teachers.

___________________________________________________________.

6. This horse never kicks others.

___________________________________________________________.

7. We need to bathe our babies.

___________________________________________________________.

8. I am feeling a severe pain in my head.

___________________________________________________________.


9. We escaped a defeat narrowly.

___________________________________________________________.


E. Read a part of a story. Underline Transitive Verbs and Circle

Intransitive Verbs in the sentences.


Last week, I went to the theatre. I had a good seat. I was alone. Since

I am fond of watching plays, I don’t need company. The play was

very interesting. I didn’t enjoy it. A young man and a young woman
were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I

could not hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the

woman angrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not
bear it. I turned round again. ‘I can’t hear a word! I said angrily. ‘It’s

none of your business,’ the young man said rudely. ‘This is a private
conversation!’ Then what? Was I supposed to argue further? Did I

have to leave the theatre?





105 Hello Grammar 6

Lesson 13: Objects and Complements



Objects are nouns or pronouns towards which the effect of the action
verb is directed.

Examples: Two woodcutters cut an old tree.



Sameer pushed me from behind.
Words ‘an old tree’ and ‘me’ are objects because they are affected
by the effect of the action verbs ‘fell’ and ‘pushed’. And the verbs are

transitive.



Objects are of two kinds:
Direct Objects reply to the question ‘what?’
Indirect Objects reply to the question ‘who or whom?’

Examples: My mom told us a story. (indirect object, direct object)
My friend lent a book to me. (direct object, indirect object)
In English Indirect Objects are placed before Direct Objects.






A. Read the following sentences and underline objects. Write whether

the objects are Direct Objects or Indirect Objects on the lines provided.
1. Don’t believe her. She tends to dramatize. _______________________

2. I can give you another slice of cake. ____________________________

3. The fire brigade answered the emergency call quickly. _____________

4. She can also drive. __________________________________________

5. My wife drives a fast care. ____________________________________
6. Don’t give your money to him. ________________________________

7. Biraj asked me two questions. _________________________________

8. I paid Manish his money. _____________________________________



106 Hello Grammar 6

Classwork: Have students guess some verbs that are followed by
Direct Objects and Indirect Objects. First, the teacher has to begin
with an example. ‘Sita gifted her friend a bicycle’.


Indirect Object Direct Object




C. Rewrite the following sentences changing the positions of the Objects.

1. We can’t lend any neighbor our tarpaulin.

___________________________________________________________
2. Mr. Sherma teaches us English.

___________________________________________________________

3. Our guide showed the zoo to the visitors.
___________________________________________________________

4. My dad bought a bag for me.

___________________________________________________________

5. This university offers brilliant students scholarships.

___________________________________________________________
6. Customers paid the bill to the authorities.

___________________________________________________________

7. Don’t send me an e-mail today.
___________________________________________________________

8. They asked two questions to the interviewee.

____________________________________________________________

9. Our relatives gifted us some books.

___________________________________________________________







107 Hello Grammar 6

Complements are the words just added to a verb to make complete sense.
Example: Tabby is a cat.
The phrase ‘a cat’ is needed to complete the meaning of ‘Tabby is…’


Predicative Nouns consist of a noun.
Example: Mr. Gurung became mayor.


Predicative Adjectives consist of an adjective.
Example: Roses smell sweet.


Subjective Complements describe subjects of verbs.
Example: You look happy.


Object Complements describe objects of verbs.
Example: We named her Gauri.



A. Read the following sentences. Write Objects or Complements on the
lines provided.

1. The report proved false. ______________________________________
2. The wind is cold ____________________________________________

3. We waited an hour. _________________________________________

4. The rumour seems quite true. _________________________________
5. The mason is building the wall. ________________________________

6. He will finish the work tonight. ________________________________
7. The results of SEE are out. ____________________________________

8. School children have fallen sick. _______________________________

9. She had a bad dream. _______________________________________
10. The poor woman went mad. _________________________________

11. Sumanverified the documents. ________________________________
12. Prem annoyed us repeatedly. _________________________________

13. Drishya sounds bold and confident. ____________________________

14. Fiza got a reward for noble work. _____________________________



108 Hello Grammar 6

B. Identify the complements in the following sentences and write

under the right heading.

Subject Object
Sentences
Complement Complement
1. The students elected me
head boy.
2. His parents named her
Ritika.

3. Friends called him a liar.
4. We thought him a rascal.
5. They made her class
captain.

6. He remained a clerk in
office.
7. Anup became a policeman.
8. We painted our home blue.

9. We considered him to be
a doctor.
10. She is honest.



C. Identify and underline either objects or complements in each of the

following sentences.
1. Bimala met our friends.

2. Roshni bought a scooty last week.
3. Diya became famous.

4. Jyoti shall be an engineer.
5. Friends are looking excited today.

6. Ankush and his uncle were at the bus stop.
7. Sumana gives up hope.

8. History is the source of culture.
9. Bijendra is drawing a map.



109 Hello Grammar 6

Lesson 14: Finite and

Non-Finite Verbs



Finite Verbs are affected by the number of Subject.
Examples: He is going to get his car fixed. (He – is)
I am going to get my car fixed.(I – am)
Be verbs: They are dancing. He is singing.

Have verbs: Anish has a swimming pool. We have a good plan.
Do verbs: I do my business. Romeo does his work sincerely.


Non-Finite Verbs remain intact. They are not affected by number of

subject, person and tense.
Examples: I heard such nonsense! (I – heard)
They heard such nonsense! (They – heard)
Present infinitive: He is to be a doctor.

Perfect infinitive: He seems to have been lazy.
Present participle: Having being informed, he went there.
Past participle: He has been awarded.




A. Underline verbs in each of the following sentences and write
whether they are Finite or Non-Finite on the lines provided.

1. Arjun wants to sing now.

Finite: ________________ Non-Finite: ________________

2. I heard him sing a song.

Finite: ________________ Non-Finite: ________________

3. We really felt our house shake.

Finite: ________________ Non-Finite: ________________

4. Mr Gupta is to leave for New Delhi.

Finite: ________________ Non-Finite: ________________



110 Hello Grammar 6

5. Nobody likes staying at home on a public holiday.

Finite: ________________ Non-Finite: ________________

6. My niece studied and passed the SLC exam in 2060.

Finite: ________________ Non-Finite: ________________

7. My aunt has great devotion for my uncle.

Finite: ________________ Non-Finite: ________________

8. Ram makes Himesh laugh at the party.

Finite: ________________ Non-Finite: ________________

9. New brooms sweep clean.

Finite: ________________ Non-Finite: ________________






B. Choose the best option and circle with a pencil.
1. Eat this banana. It is good for health.

A. Finite Verb B. Non-Finite Verb


2. Some people are really kind to others.
A. Non-Finite verb B. Finite Verb



3. He told him to sing a song.
A. Finite verb B. Non-Finite verb



4. Recapping is a good way of revising lessons.
A. Non-Finite verb B. Finite verb


5. They seem to have already passed the exam.
A. Finite verb B. Non-Finite verb









111 Hello Grammar 6

Lesson 15 : Auxiliary Verbs and

Modal Verbs


Auxiliary Verbs help form tenses, negatives, interrogatives, question
tags, passive, etc.
Examples: The little girl is writing poetry. (present continuous)
Manish doesn’t sing songs. (negative)

Are friends working together? (interrogative)
People are singing, aren’t they?(question tag)
Trees are being destroyed. (passive)



Auxiliary Verbs are as follows:
Be Verbs: is, am, are, was and were.
Do Verb: do, does and did.
Have Verb: has, have and had.



A. Underline auxiliary verbs in the sentences below and write their
types on the space below.

1. Do you want to travel abroad? __________________


2. How many children are smart in your class? __________________

3. Two boys with me were going on an excursion. __________________

4. I am to leave on Monday. __________________

5. As he was not there, I spoke to his brother. __________________

6. He is richer than I am. __________________

7. Do not go before I permit. __________________

8. Who didn’t attend the meeting? __________________

9. It has been raining for two hours. __________________

10. I had had my dinner before he come to my home. __________________





112 Hello Grammar 6