- 44 - 3. What were the rules like in the Sukhothai period? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 4. What were the rules like in the Ayutthaya period? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………...…..…………………………………………………………………………………… 5. What has been the Indian influence on the Thai way of life? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6. Give examples of Chinese influence on the Thai way of life? Food …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..................... Language ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. Festivals ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 7. Give examples of original Thai culture and traditions. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………… 8. what has made the present Thai cultural traditions intermingle so harmoniously? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… c) Optional Activity Write two more questions [yes-no and why] that a tourist might ask you about Thai culture and traditions in Thailand. Than ask and answer each other in small group use these examples to help to help you start: - Is Thai culture a harmonious blend of cultures from other countries? - What are some of the cultures that have influenced Thai culture?
- 45 - แผนการจัดการเรียนรู้/ Āน่üยการเรียนรู้ที่ 3 รายüิชา üิชาภาþาอังกฤþฟัง-พูด-อ่าน-เขียน 5 รĀัÿüิชา อ33219 กลุ่มÿาระการเรียนรู้ภาþาต่างประเทý ชั้นมัธยมýึกþาปีที่ 6 ภาคเรียนที่ 1 ปีการýึกþา 2566 Āน่üยการเรียนรู้ที่ 1 เรื่อง My hometown เüลา......8......ชั่üโมง/นาที ********************************* 1. มาตรฐานการเรียนรู้Learning standards Language and communication skills are essential for all our pupils and we recognise that the skills developed in English promote learning across the curriculum. We want our pupils to be able to express themselves creatively and imaginatively, and to communicate effectively both verbally and non-verbally with others in a range of social situations. Obtaining and using information about the world around them. Learning outcomes ตัüชี้üัด/ผลการเรียนรู้ 1.1. To have literacy skills that accord to the grammar structure for the class level. 1.2. Ability to use English for communication and use language, gestures in communication that Suitable for individual level and culture of native speakers. 13. To read the comprehend and present opinions about the issue and general events. 2. จุดประÿงค์การเรียนรู้ÿู่ตัüชี้üัด Objective Indicators 1. Speaking and introducing by using language to communicate in daily matters, Including life and culture that learners can practice in everyday life 2. Communicating about services in daily life in various places and situations. 3. ÿาระÿ าคัญ Core concept Speech, language and communication are taught in a variety of progressive ways through each key stage. High quality opportunities are provided for pupils to develop functional language and effective communication, and using information about the world around them.
- 46 - 4. ÿมรรถนะÿ าคัญของผู้เรียน(ใĀ้เลือกเขียนเฉพำะĀัวข้อที่ÿอดคล้องกับกิจกรรมกำรเรียนในแต่ละĀน่วย และต้องประเมินได้จริง) คüามÿามารถในการใช้เทคโนโลยี คüามÿามารถในการÿื่อÿาร คüามÿามารถในการคิด คüามÿามารถในการแก้ปัญĀา คüามÿามารถในการใช้ทักþะชีüิต 5. ทักþะนักเรียนในýตüรรþที่ 21 ทักþะด้านการเรียนรู้และนüัตกรรม ทักþะด้านÿารÿนเทý ÿื่อ และเทคโนโลยี ทักþะด้านชีüิตและอาชีพ 6. กลยุทธ์การจัดการเรียนรู้/üิธีการÿอน/รูปแบบการÿอน (อาทิ การÿอนแบบอธิบาย, อภิปราย, กิจกรรม กลุ่ม, CIPPA MODEL เป็นต้น) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7. การจัดกิจกรรมการเรียนการÿอน (ใĀ้เน้นผู้เรียนเป็นÿ ำคัญด้วยวิธีกำรÿอน เทคนิคกำรÿอน กระบวนกำร ÿอนที่ĀลำกĀลำยเĀมำะÿมกับรำยวิชำ) ÿาระการเรียนรู้: กระบüนการใช้ภาþาเพื่อการÿื่อÿาร ÿาระการเรียนรู้: กระบüนการใช้ภาþาเพื่อการÿื่อÿาร 7.1 Holidays and Festivals 7.2 Thai food and fruit 8. กิจกรรมการเรียนรู้ กิจกรรมที่ 1 : This is Thailand. - Reading and answering about the history of Thailand - Talking about Thailand. - Conversation : At the Savarnnabhumi International Airport
- 47 - กิจกรรมที่ 2 : My favorite holiday and festival - Reading and answering about holidays and festivals - Talking about favorite holiday and festival. - Conversation : At a hotel - Conversation : At the travel agency กิจกรรมที่ 3 : My delicious meal - Reading and answering about Thai food and fruits - Talking about Thai food and fruit. - Conversation : At a Thai restaurant. กิจกรรมที่4 : Never Mind is Thai style. - Talking about Thai culture. - Conversation : At the museum. - Making leaflet about Thailand กิจกรรมระหว่างการอ่าน (While-reading and Talking Activity) 1. แจ้งจุดประÿงค์การเรียนรู้ใĀ้นักเรียนทราบจุดมุ่งĀมายของการอ่าน 2. ใĀ้นักเรียนจับคู่กัน ครูมอบใบคüามรู้บทอ่านจากเอกÿารจริงเรื่อง History of Thailand in culture ใĀ้นักเรียนโดยบอกใĀ้อ่านแบบผ่านไปอย่างรüดเร็ü ไม่ต้องใÿ่ใจค าĀรือข้อคüามที่ไม่ทราบคüามĀมาย (ใช้กลยุทธ์การอ่านแบบ Skimming ) และใĀ้อ่านจับใจคüามเพื่อÿรุปĀาข้อมูลเฉพาะ (ใช้กลยุทธ์แบบ Scanning) 3. ครูอ่านออกเÿียงใĀ้นักเรียนฟัง เพื่อฝึกการอ่านและใĀ้นักเรียนอ่านออกเÿียงประโยคĀรือÿ านüนที่ ใช้ใน daily life พร้อมกันอีกครั้ง
- 48 - กิจกรรม Conversation and Speaking (Post – reading Activity) 1. นักเรียนรüมกลุ่ม ๆ ละ 4 – 6 คน รับใบงาน ไปปฏิบัติและช่üยกันเขียนรายละเอียดการเกี่ยüกับ ÿถานที่ÿ าคัญในการท่องเที่ยüไทยมีที่ใดบ้างบ้าง ลงในใบงาน เÿร็จแล้üเตรียมน าเÿนอในการโดยผ่านการ ตรüจของครู 2. แต่ละกลุ่มน าเÿนอใบงานĀน้าชั้นเรียน 3. ครูและนักเรียนกลุ่มที่ไม่ได้น าเÿนอประเมินการน าเÿนอ 4. เปิดโอกาÿใĀ้ซักถาม 5. ครูและนักเรียนร่üมกันÿรุปเพิ่มเติม 9. ÿื่อการเรียนรู้Learning materials / learning resources 1. ใบคüามรู้จากเอกÿารจริง 2. แบบฝึกทักþะ 3. ใบงาน 10. Assessment Criteria ประเด็นการประเมิน เครื่องมือ/üิธีการประเมิน เกณฑ์การประเมิน assessment issues Assessment tools/methods Assessment Criteria Before class, take an exam Tape script, BBC broadcast, The test is passed by 80% Test all four skills in English textbooks, of those who take it and after class using the skill examination paper measurement technique
- 49 - 11. บันทึกผลĀลังการจัดการเรียนรู้ 11.1 ÿรุปผลการจัดการเรียนรู้ ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 11.2 ปัญĀา/อุปÿรรค ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 11.3 แนüทางแก้ไข /แนüทางการพัฒนา ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ลงชื่อ.................................................................ครูผู้ÿอน (................................................) ต าแĀน่ง.......... üิทยฐานะ .....................
- 50 - คüามเĀ็นของĀัüĀน้าของĀัüĀน้ากลุ่มÿาระการเรียนรู้ ได้ตรüจแผนการจัดการเรียนรู้ของ........(ชื่อ-ÿกุล ครูผู้จัดท าแผนฯ)...............แล้üมีคüามคิดเĀ็น ดังนี้ 1. เป็นแผนการจัดการเรียนรู้ที่ ดีมาก ดี พอใช้ คüรปรับปรุง 2. การจัดกิจกรรมได้น าเอากระบüนการเรียนรู้ เน้นผู้เรียนเป็นÿ าคัญมาใช้ในการÿอนได้อย่างเĀมาะÿม ยังไม่เน้นผู้เรียนเป็นÿ าคัญ คüรปรับปรุงพัฒนาต่อไป 3. เป็นแผนการจัดการเรียนรู้ที่ น าไปใช้ได้จริง คüรปรับปรุงก่อนน าไปใช้ 4. ข้อเÿนอแนะอื่นๆ .............................................................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................................................. ลงชื่อ.................................................................. (นายกอบýักดิ์ ÿุทัýน์ ณ อยุธยา) ต าแĀน่ง ครู üิทยฐานะช านาญการพิเýþ คüามคิดเĀ็นรองผู้อ านüยการ กลุ่มบริĀารüิชาการ .............................................................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................................................. ลงชื่อ.......................................................... (นางบุณฑริก ýรีบุญเรือง) รองผู้อ านüยการ กลุ่มบริĀารüิชาการ
- 51 - Hand-out / knowledge Work sheet
- 52 - Thai Food Once, tourists arrive at their destination, they need to be able to find somewhere to stay and somewhere to eat and drink. Even the day-tripper who does not require accommodation still needs to by food. Tourists can learn about the local way of life through the local food and herbs. This direct experience can make an oversea vacation more meaningful. This unit deals with asking for and giving information about Thai food and Thailand's advantages in tourism areas including food and beverages. 1. Get Ready Fig.41 Thai food Photo : Kobkaew Nartpinit,2001 Talk about the questions below. 1.What Thai food is the most popular among foreigners? 2.What Thai food do you like the most? Why? 3.If you had a foreign friend, what Thai food would you recommend him to try 2. Word Study Study the meanings and usage of the following words. Then listen to the and underline the stressed syllable of each word. fry (v.) = to cook in not oil or fat Fried vegetables will be tasty if you stir fry them in a very hot pan for just a few seconds. mince (v.) = to chop or cut meat into very small pieces minced pork adds flavor to vegetable soup. spice (n.) = various types of plants with a strong taste or smell = used for flavouring food Thai curry is very tasty because of mixed spices
- 53 - such as pepper ,neither hot nor spicy mild (adj.) = not strong, neither hot nor spicy Northern food is quite mild compared to Southern food appetizing (adj.) = tomake you feel like eating food Thai food with beautiful decorations looks very appetizing. culinary (adj.) = to be related to cooking Having culinary skills is very important to work as a Chef in a restaurant. dessert (n.) = sweet food served at the end of a meal Jelly with coconut milk on top is a lovely Thai dessert. cuisine (n.) = “a style of cooking” Dictionary of Contemporary Englis Let’s have lunch at the Suan Dusit Palace. The Thai cuisine there is excellent. ingredint (n.) = foods that are combined to make a particular dish The ingredients of a cake are mainly flour, butter and sugar. condiment (n.) = a kind of powder or liquid used for giving a special taste to food Pepper and salt are condiments for Western food, while Nam pla is popular for Thai food. 4. Listening Practice Suree is a tour guide talking with two tourists in a Thai restaurant. a) Listen to the dialogue and fill in the blanks with the words that you can hear from the tape. ( At a restaurant ) John : Hmm…after a long walk, l’m ready for a big lunch now . So.. What do you recommend? l’d like to try some ___1___ Thai food. Suree: Let’s try green curry , spicy soup, fried vegetables and stuffed omelette. Jane : Are they very hot and ___2___? Suree : The green curry or Kaeng Khiao wan is not really hot, but slightly sweet. lt’s cooked with a variety of ___3___ like chicken, beef, pork or shrimps and with eggplants. Jane : What about the spicy soup? Suree : This is what we call Tom Yam in Thai. Lt is made with either chicken , fish or seafood.
- 54 - The spices are ___4___, galingale and kaffir leaves. They are all tropical plants and very healthy. Jane : That sounds great. What’s next? Suree : Fried vegetables. We’ll have various kinds of vegetables stir fried with oyster sauce. As for the stuffed omelette, it is an omelette ___5___with chopped pork, onions, and sugar peas. John : Hmm… my mouth’s watering. Wait person : Are you___6___ to order now? Suree : Yes. We’d like to have Kaeng Khiao Wan, Tom Yam Kung, Phat Phak Ruammit and Khai Yat Sai for three of us. Waiter person: O.K. sir. What about you drink and ___7___? John : That’s a good idea. Let’s order dessert right away. Fig.44 Abandant Thai fruits all year round Photo : Wannaparn Wanichanugorn, 2001 Clockwise – tamarinds, oranges, mangos and durians 1. Speaking Practice Put the right words in the blanks. You and your partner act as a tourist and a tour guide speaking the following dialogues. Pay special attention to pronunciation and intonation. a) minced rather breakfast drink tasty spring
- 55 - Tour Guide : What would you like to have for your 1 , American, European or Thai style John : I’s 2 try the Thai breakfast. What do you usually have in the morning? Tour Guide : We always have rice soup with 3 pork or shrimps or fish added with 4 onions and pepper. John : That sounds 5 I’ll try that. Tour Guide : And your 6 ? Poached, Please. Fried, Scrambled, Sunny side up, On second thoughts, I’d rather have an omelet. - How do you like your coffee? Black with sugar, please. - Would you like to start with a soup? Yes, please. - What would you like as a main dish? Steak, please 2.Introducing food A tour guide can introduce local food like this: - Would you like to try Thai food? - Why don’t you try some Thai cuisine? - Let’s try some Northeastern food. How about papaya salad and Grilled chicken? - I suggest you try Northern food. It’s quite mild. - Why don’t you try pomelo salad? It’s pomelo flesh mixed with ground nut and a little bit of sugar, salt ,lime and chill. - What do you call this? It’s very nice. - What’s this dish called? It’s called Gaeng Chuet.
- 56 - Kaeng Khiao Wan. Matsaman. Phat Thai. Tom Yam Kung. 3. Explaining the process of cooking Usually tourists are not familiar with the local Thai food. Explaining the process of cooking can help them imagine what the food is like or to know what they are eating. It’s stir fried. It’s deep fried steamed. boiled. simmered. grilled - What do you put in a green curry? Some meat, green chilli paste and eggplants boiled in coconut mill When finished, we addsome sweet basil leaves. Then, a little bit of fish sauce add to flavour. Fig. 45 Green curry Photo : Kobkaew Nartpinit, 2001 - lt’s very nice. What”s it got in it got in it? - Do you mean the lap? Minced pork or beef mixed with mint garlic,onion, chillies, ground rice sprink with lime juice and fish sauce garnished with mint leaves in a cabbage. - What’s that? Lt’s sticky rice with mangoes. Would you lick to try some? - How is it made?/ Sticky rice is steamed and coconut milk is slowly added and flavou with a litle sugar and salt. Lt’s very tasty you have it with ripe mangoes.
- 57 - 4. Describing taste lt’s fiery. lt’s sweet and sour. hot and spicy. very tasty. delicious. nice. perfect. bland. mild. unusual. salty sweet. d) The following food presentations are good examples of how to cook Ho Mok and Kluai Buat Chi. Suggessyour foreign friend try them and explain what they are like and how to cook them by usingone information below. Fig . 46 The recipe for Ho Mok Source : Cookery , 1999 : 15 lngrediers serves one 50 gm salmon, diced 100 gm chicken (feather-sack fish) 7 tsp coconut milk 1 tsp red curry paste 2/3 tsp fen sauce 1/6 tsp sugar 2 “cups” mace from banana 1/6 tsp rsc dnilies Juliennec Sweet eaves Method - Blend the pla krai in a liquidizer with the red curry paste , palm sugar and coconut milk. - Transfer the mixture to a bowl and fold in the diced salmon and fish sauce. - Line the bottom of the banana leaf “ cups ” with basil leaves and then spoon in the fish mixture. - Steam until tender then gamish with the julienned chilies and kaffir lime leaves . - Serve with a selection of carved
- 58 - vegetables. Kluai Buat chi (Banana in coconut milk) Banana are widely found everywhere in Thailand and you will find banana are cooked in many styles. Kluai Buat Chi is a typical Thai dessert which most housewives prepare for the housewives on a regular oasis. lt is simple and very eass to make. ingredient (4 servings) 4 small bananas, slightly green 4 cups coconut mail ¾ cup palm sugar 1/4 teaspoon sat Method Slide the banana lengthways , then in half . pour the mail into a pot. add sugar and salt. Boil for two minutes . Remove heat. Serve hot or cold.
- 59 - 6. Reading Practice The following information is about Thai cuisine from various regions. After reading The information, answer the questions. 6.1 The Great Thai food Surprise 1) You haven ’ t ventured yet beyond Westernized Chinese food when it comes to Asian cuisine? Then, you’re in for a delightful surprise with authentic Thai food.Thai cuisine varies from region to region but practically all meals are informal affairs. Tourists’ description of Thai dining varies from “ exotic,” to “sublime”.First, there are the hot little chilies flavoring most dishes. But even without the chilies ,there is the special Thai way of cooking that makes that makes their food unique.One basic ingredient that no typical Thai meal can be without-rice,(a staple in most Asian countries).In Bangkok, the long-grained white rice is popular, while around Chiang Mai and the Northeast , it is the glutinous(or sticky) rice that is widely eaten.Condiments contribute a great deal to Thai cuisine. No table setting in Thailand is complete without a handy dish of “ nam pla” or fish sauce’ served with tiny chilies floating on top. 2) One of the most popular main Thai dish is the ” gaeng ” or curry. Most Thai curries are highly seasoned and aromatic, tasting just as spicy as they smell. The main ingredients are curry past, garlic ,peppercorns, lemon grass and chilies, Coconut milk gives it a rich creamy, and delicious texture.Thai soups are sometimes called “ gaeng” as well’ as in the case of “gaeng chuet” a clear vegetable broth mixed with meats often eaten with other dishes.Thai meals usually consist of a soup,a curry dish with condiments and a dip with fish and vegetable on the side. No matter where’ when or how you eat Thai food, it s sure to leave a lasting impression on you. So brace yourself for the great Thai food surprise!
- 60 - 3) In the North , foreign guests often have their taste of Northern food at a “Khantok” dinner . The food is brought on an ornate tray called a “khantok” and guests sit with cushions on the floor at low tables. The food is simple and unembellished, but not the atmosphere and presentation. Northern food is not only less ornate , it is also milder and less spicy than central region food . Many dishes have some influence from Burma . Gaeng Hangley , for example, is identical to the Burmese curry “hinle” “Nam Phrik Ong” and “Nam Phrik Num ” are two famous dipping sauces of the North that have spread throughout the countr. “Nam Phrik Ong” contains more pork seasoned with chili paste garlic, tomatoes and coriander . It is always served with a plate of vegetables. The mose popular appetizer of the North is “Khao Soi” , which is not made of rice as the name suggests. Khao oi, in face , is yellow noodles dipped in aromatic , spicy curry – a medley of chili paste , coconut milk and curry powder. Shredded chicken , pork or meat is added along with pickled lettuce noodles, lime juice, and red onion. Today , Khantok dinner is very popular. Diners often enjoy the experience of sitting cross – legged on the floor and sampling Northern cuisine from a shared Khantok tray . Region Popular dish Ingredients North Northeast Central South
- 61 - b) Answer the questions. 6.1The “Great Thai Food Suprise” 1. What is the main characteristic of Thai food? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. What is the basic ingredient of a typical Thai meal? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3. What is always placed on the table as a setting of Thai cuisine? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4. What are the main ingredients in Thai curry? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5. What do Thai meals usually consist of? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6.2 “Khantok food Dinner - pride of the North” 1. Is Northern food the same as that of the central region …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. What kind of Northern food has become very popular throughout the country? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3. What is a “Khantok dinner”? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4. What is a “Nam Phrik Ong”?
- 62 - …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5. What is “Khao Soi”? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Holiday and Festivals / Ceremonies Apart from beautiful scenery and a fascinating history, special events like festivals and ceremonies are important factors in attracting tourists to a particular destination. Many tourists are interested in experiencing a culture which is different from their own. However, environmental problems may put tourists off even though they find local people and their festivals fascinating. This unit deals with asking for and giving information about famous festivals and ceremonies in Thailand. Also, the results of a survey of tourists’ opinions about the beautiful countryside of Thailand and the problems in Bangkok are outlined. 1. Get Ready Fig. 56 Thai festivals and ceremonies Photo: Wadee Kheourai, n.d.2 Talk about festivals and ceremonies in Thailand, at the national and local level Example: 1. What is regarded as the most famous festival or ceremony in Thailand? 2. What is the most popular festival or ceremony in the province where you live? 3. _______________________________________________________________? 4. _______________________________________________________________?
- 63 - 2. Word Study Study the meanings and usage of the following words. Then listen to the tape underline the stressed syllable of each word. traditional (adj.) = passed down from the past to the present Songkran has been the traditional Thai New Year for centuries. offer (v.) = to give or to present The Thais make merit by offering food to monks in the early morning. release (v.) = to set free To release caged birds into the air and fish into the water is a part of making merit. celebrate (v.) = “to mark and even or a special occasion” Dictionary of Contemporary English. People all over the world celebrated the first second of the year 2000. splash (v.) = to throw or scatter water We splash water on each other during the traditional Thai New Year. festival (n.) = “a special occasion or a religious ceremony marked public enjoyment” Dictionary of Contemporary English Loy Krathong is one of the most popular festivals in Thailand. 3 Scented (adj) =to have a pleasant amell We pour scented water on the Elderly’s palma to express Respect and good wishes Respect and good wishes For their health. Survey (n.) = a study of opinions by saking People Questions there should be A survey of local People’s Opinions about tourism their Province. Respondent(n.) =a person who answers the Questions. Destination(n.) = a place at the end a journey Thailand is a popular destination in Southeast asia. 3.Intonation a) listen to the intonation of the tape and repeat. Possible, draw lines intonation. _ do you always celebrate your traditional new year for that long? _ how do you pay respect to the elderly? _ that’S very nice.
- 64 - _ Is that all? _do you have kite flying in Thailand? _just a candly? b) optional activity ldentify the speakers in the above statements 5. Speaking Practice Put the right words in the blanks. You and your partner act as a tour guide speaking the following dialogues. Pay special attention to pronunciation and intonation. a) float hair put sins candle polluted needs Tourist: Why do you have the Light Festival in Thailand? Tour Guide: What you call the Light Festival is Loy Krathong in Thai. It means to _____1_____banana-leaf baskets. The reason is to thank Mae Khong Kha or the Goddess of Water for her bounty in providing water for our _____2____. Also, we ask for her forgiveness for having used and _____3_____the water. Tourist: Hmm… that’s lovely. What do you ______4_____ in the banana-leave basket? Just a _____5_____? Tourist Guide: No, sir. We put in three joss-sticks, a candle, flowers, a coin, finger nail cuttings, including _____6_____. Tourist: Why do you do that? Tour Guide: Many Thais believe that as their krathongs float away, the water washes away their _____7_____ of the past year. b) True lotus myself burning over lady Tourist: When did the Loy Krathong Festival begin ? Tour Guide: It began some 700 years ago at the court of King Maha Thammaracha in the Sukhothai Dynasty. A beautiful and Talented _____1_____called Nopphamat the Goddess of Water in Brahmin style. She made the very first Krathong with banana leaves shaped like a _____2_____flower. She presented it to the King. He lit the candle inside it and floated it on the water. Tourist : Isee. You have had this festival since then. ls that right? Tour Guide : You’re right. At present, we have Loy Krathong all 3 the country on the full moon night of November. You can buy a krathong everywhere, light a candle, joss-sticks, make a wish with a wai and float a krathong
- 65 - on the water. lt is believed that if the candle is still 4 as the krathong floats out of sight, your wish will come 5 . Tourist : It must be beautiful to see a lot of banana-leaf baskets with candle lights floating in the river at night. I really want one for 6. Tour Guide : Sure. You can float it on the Chao Phraya River tonight. c) Language Focus Festivais and ceremonies are special events that make a tourist site more impressive. Tourists will enjoy their visitr if tour guide can help them understand what is going on. They tend tend to ask the following questions - Is today a holiday? Yes, it is. - What holiday is it? Today is Wisakha Bucha day. - What do people do? People go to temples and make merit in the morning, then hold lighted candles go to temples and make merit in the morning, then hold lighted candles and circle the chapel in a procession three times in the evening. - Why do they do that? or Why are they doing that? To pay respect to the Lord Buddha. or To show great reverence for the Lord Buddha. - What’s the name of this festival? or What do you called this festival? It’s called vegetarian festival. - How is it celebrated? People float Krathongs on the water
- 66 - 7 - Candle Festival in Ubon Ratchathani - The ghosts dance in Loei - Moon festival in Trang - Ok Phansa in Sakon Nakhon etc. Each group report to class on the assigned topic. They will focus their presentation on - The importance of the festivals/the legend behind the their - Where and when the festivals take place ? - how they are celebrated ? Veggie festival The annual Phuket Vegetarian Festival is held between Oct 16-25 during the 9th Chinese calendar month. Local Thai Chinese residents undertake a 10-day vegetarian diet by abstaining from meat alcohol and sex. Several rituals will be performed at many Chinese temples including processions of ascetic devotees performing extraordinary feats such as body and face piercing as well as walking barefoot on hot coals. They believe they will attain good health and a peaceful mind in return. For further details contact Phuket TAT office at (076) 212-213 and 211 036. Moon festival The Sahatham Thung Yaw Association in Tambon Thung Yaw. Trang province, will host the Moon Festival on Monday. Starting at 6pm. Villagers will decorate a table set-up in fr houses with two sugarcanes brought to make an entrance gate. Vegetarian food, moon cakes as well as ladies beauty accessories are prepared on the table. Even candles and silver paper are decorated beautifully to pay homage to Goddess of the moon. There will be sate performances and a decoration competition. For more details, call TAT in Nakhon Si Thammarat at 075-346- 515-6 or e-mail:[email protected]. Meri making To celebrate the end of Buddhist Lent (Ok Phansa), a Wax Castle Procession and Royal Trophy Long Boat Race are scheduled at Ming Muang Field, Sakhon Nakhon province, from Saturday to Tuesday. Isan residents will mould beeswax into miniature Buddhist temples and shrines to gain merit, an act which they believe will help them during reincarnation. The event also features the boat races, traditional Northeastern cultural performances and festivities. For further details call 042-513-490-1.
- 67 - - what activities the audience can get involved in ? - how the tourist can join the festival ? 2. Discussion In groups of five or six students sit in a circle and discuss what festival they enjoy the most and why. 3. Interview Students are assigned to interview foreigners and tourists about what festivai they have enjoyed the most and why. 6. Reading Practice Read the following survey findings and answer the questions. A Survey of German Tourists A major survey of German speaking tourists in Thailand has shown different opinions about the beauty of upcountry Thailand and the problems of Bangkok. The survey was conducted by the German Thai Chamber of Commerce’s Committee for Travel & Tourism (C.T.T.). It was based on 1,880 respondents from 8,000 questionnaires aimed atgaining information concerning Thailand and Bangkok as vacation destinations in order to improve Thailand tourism facilities. The respondents were mainly between 40 and 60 years to age, staying at beach resorts for between two to three weeks and travelling with family and friends. Only 16% traveled alone. A full 57% of the respondents were first time visitors to Thailand. Phuket and Krabi seemed to be the most popular beach resorts, with Pattaya coming in second. Eighty percent of the respondents gave a “ good “ or “ very good ” rating to Thailand’s cultural attractions; 83% gave similar rating to hotel and transport facilities; and 75% enjoyed the country’s shopping and entertainment. When respondents were to list their “ positive” and “ negative “ impressions of Thailand, the survey showed that the two most positive impressions were its nice, friendly people and the culture. Their four most negative impressions were the lack of cleanliness in the city, especially the garbage and poor waste management (18% of the total), pollution (17%) traffic (16%) and prostitution/night life (7%). Adapted: “Happenings,” 1994 : 21.
- 68 - a) Scan the “A Survey of German Tourists” and write the information down in the table below. Topic Information Most popular beach resorts Good things about Thailand Positive impressions Negative impressions b) Answer the questions. 1. who conducted the survey? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2. what was the objective of this survey? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3. what language do the tourists spear? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4. How many questionnaires were given to the tourists? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5. How many tourists answered the questionnaires? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6. Did most of the sampled tourists travel alone or with family and friends? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7. How many sampled tourists were coming to Thailand for their first time? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8. How many sampled tourists were repeat visitors? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9. What places did they like most? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- 69 - 10. Did most of the sampled tourists like their vacation in Thailand? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11. What tow things did they like the most about Thailand? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12. What four things did they dislike the most about Thailand? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- c) Optional Activity Write two more questions [yes-no and wh] that a tourist might ask you about holiday in Thailand. Then ask and answer each other in small groups. Use these examples to help you start: - Did most of the surveyed tourists travel abone? - What were some things that they liked about Thailand? 7. Writing Practice Write an article about a Thai holiday like Songkran, explaining the followings: - Why is this day important? - Why happens? What ceremonies are held? What do people do? - What special things or activities are associated with that day?
- 70 - Āน่üยการเรียนรู้ที่ 4 รายüิชา รายüิชา ภาþาอังกฤþฟัง-พูด-อ่าน-เขียน 5 รĀัÿüิชา อ33219 กลุ่มÿาระการเรียนรู้ภาþาต่างประเทý ชื่อĀน่üยการเรียนรู้ The King of Thailand เüลา......8......ชั่üโมง ชั้นมัธยมýึกþาปีที่ 6 ชื่อครูผู้ÿอน นายกอบýักดิ์ ÿุทัýน์ ณ อยุธยา โรงเรียนเตรียมอุดมýึกþาพัฒนาการ นนทบุรี ********************************* 1. มาตรฐานการเรียนรู้Learning standards Language and communication skills are essential for all our pupils and we recognise that the skills developed in English promote learning across the curriculum. We want our pupils to be able to express themselves creatively and imaginatively, and to communicate effectively both verbally and non-verbally with others in a range of social situations. Obtaining and using information about the world around them. Learning outcomes ตัüชี้üัด/ผลการเรียนรู้ 1.1. To have literacy skills that accord to the grammar structure for the class level. 1.2. Ability to use English for communication and use language, gestures in communication that Suitable for individual level and culture of native speakers. 13. To read the comprehend and present opinions about the issue and general events. 2. จุดประÿงค์การเรียนรู้ÿู่ตัüชี้üัด Objective Indicators 1. Speaking and introducing by using language to communicate in daily matters, Including life and culture that learners can practice in everyday life 2. Communicating about services in daily life in various places and situations. 3. ÿาระÿ าคัญ Core concept
- 71 - Speech, language and communication are taught in a variety of progressive ways through each key stage. High quality opportunities are provided for pupils to develop functional language and effective communication, and using information about the world around them. 4. ÿมรรถนะÿ าคัญของผู้เรียน(ใĀ้เลือกเขียนเฉพำะĀัวข้อที่ÿอดคล้องกับกิจกรรมกำรเรียนในแต่ละĀน่วย และต้องประเมินได้จริง) คüามÿามารถในการใช้เทคโนโลยี คüามÿามารถในการÿื่อÿาร คüามÿามารถในการคิด คüามÿามารถในการแก้ปัญĀา คüามÿามารถในการใช้ทักþะชีüิต 5. ทักþะนักเรียนในýตüรรþที่ 21 ทักþะด้านการเรียนรู้และนüัตกรรม ทักþะด้านÿารÿนเทý ÿื่อ และเทคโนโลยี ทักþะด้านชีüิตและอาชีพ 6. กลยุทธ์การจัดการเรียนรู้/üิธีการÿอน/รูปแบบการÿอน (อาทิ การÿอนแบบอธิบาย, อภิปราย, กิจกรรม กลุ่ม, CIPPA MODEL เป็นต้น) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7. การจัดกิจกรรมการเรียนการÿอน (ใĀ้เน้นผู้เรียนเป็นÿ ำคัญด้วยวิธีกำรÿอน เทคนิคกำรÿอน กระบวนกำร ÿอนที่ĀลำกĀลำยเĀมำะÿมกับรำยวิชำ) ÿาระการเรียนรู้: กระบüนการใช้ภาþาเพื่อการÿื่อÿาร ÿาระการเรียนรู้: กระบüนการใช้ภาþาเพื่อการÿื่อÿาร 7.1 ÿนทนาถาม-ตอบข้อมูลเกี่ยüกับพระมĀากþัตริย์และราชüงý์จักรีเป็นภาþาอังกฤþ 7.2 ท ารายงานเกี่ยüกับราชüงý์จักรี การüัดและประเมินผล 7.3 การประเมินระĀü่างจัดกิจกรรมการเรียนรู้ - ประเมินพฤติกรรมการเรียน การท างานและคüามรับผิดชอบ - ประเมินคüามÿามารถในการใช้ภาþาเพื่อการÿื่อÿาร
- 72 - - ประเมินคüามถูกต้องในการตอบค าถาม - การประเมินเมื่อÿิ้นÿุดกิจกรรมการเรียนรู้ - ประเมินภาระงานที่ได้รับมอบĀมาย - ประเมินคüามรับผิดชอบ และคüามÿามารถในการน ากระบüนการเรียนรู้ไปปรับใช้ในการ ท างานในชีüิตประจ าüัน 8. กิจกรรมการเรียนรู้ กิจกรรมที่ 1 : The Chakri Dynasty - Reading and answering about the history of Chakri Dynasty - Talking about The Chakri Dynasty. - On Chakri Day กิจกรรมที่ 2 : Beloved King - Reading and answering about the ninth king of Thailand - Talking about the Royal Family of Thailand. - On the Father Day - Making project about the king กิจกรรมระĀü่างการอ่าน (While-reading and Talking Activity) 1. แจ้งจุดประÿงค์การเรียนรู้ใĀ้นักเรียนทราบจุดมุ่งĀมายของการอ่าน 2. ใĀ้นักเรียนจับคู่กัน ครูมอบใบคüามรู้บทอ่านจากเอกÿารจริงเรื่อง Chakri Dynasty ใĀ้นักเรียนโดยบอกใĀ้อ่านแบบผ่านไปอย่างรüดเร็ü ไม่ต้องใÿ่ใจค าĀรือข้อคüามที่ไม่ทราบคüามĀมาย (ใช้กล ยุทธ์การอ่านแบบ Skimming ) และใĀ้อ่านจับใจคüามเพื่อÿรุปĀาข้อมูลเฉพาะ (ใช้กลยุทธ์แบบScanning) 3.ครูอ่านออกเÿียงใĀ้นักเรียนฟัง เพื่อฝึกการอ่านและใĀ้นักเรียนอ่านออกเÿียงประโยคĀรือÿ านüนที่ ใช้ในธุรกิจการท่องเที่ยüพร้อมกันอีกครั้ง กิจกรรม Conversation and Speaking (Post – reading Activity) 1. นักเรียนรüมกลุ่ม ๆ ละ 4 – 6 คน รับใบงาน ไปปฏิบัติและช่üยกันเขียนรายละเอียดการเกี่ยüกับ ÿถานที่ÿ าคัญในการท่องเที่ยüไทยมีที่ใดบ้างบ้าง ลงในใบงาน เÿร็จแล้üเตรียมน าเÿนอในการโดยผ่านการ ตรüจของครู 2. แต่ละกลุ่มน าเÿนอใบงานĀน้าชั้นเรียน 3. ครูและนักเรียนกลุ่มที่ไม่ได้น าเÿนอประเมินการน าเÿนอ 4. เปิดโอกาÿใĀ้ซักถาม 5. ครูและนักเรียนร่üมกันÿรุปเพิ่มเติม ÿื่อการเรียนรู้
- 73 - 1. ใบคüามรู้จากเอกÿารจริง 2. แบบฝึกทักþะ 3. ใบงาน 4. Assessment Questions แĀล่งเรียนรู้ 1. Website : 2. www.thaihotelsdirectory.com/index...thailand/471-tourism-thailand 3. Ā้องÿมุดโรงเรียน 9. ÿื่อการเรียนรู้Learning materials / learning resources 1. ใบคüามรู้จากเอกÿารจริง 2. แบบฝึกทักþะ 3. ใบงาน 10. Assessment Criteria ประเด็นการประเมิน เครื่องมือ/üิธีการประเมิน เกณฑ์การประเมิน assessment issues Assessment tools/methods Assessment Criteria Before class, take an exam Tape script, BBC broadcast, The test is passed by 80% Test all four skills in English textbooks, of those who take it and after class using the skill examination paper measurement technique 11. บันทึกผลĀลังการจัดการเรียนรู้ 11.1 ÿรุปผลการจัดการเรียนรู้ ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
- 74 - ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 11.2 ปัญĀา/อุปÿรรค ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 11.3 แนüทางแก้ไข /แนüทางการพัฒนา ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ลงชื่อ.................................................................ครูผู้ÿอน (................................................) ต าแĀน่ง.......... üิทยฐานะ .....................
- 75 - คüามเĀ็นของĀัüĀน้าของĀัüĀน้ากลุ่มÿาระการเรียนรู้ ได้ตรüจแผนการจัดการเรียนรู้ของ........(ชื่อ-ÿกุล ครูผู้จัดท าแผนฯ)...............แล้üมีคüามคิดเĀ็น ดังนี้ 1. เป็นแผนการจัดการเรียนรู้ที่ ดีมาก ดี พอใช้ คüรปรับปรุง 2. การจัดกิจกรรมได้น าเอากระบüนการเรียนรู้ เน้นผู้เรียนเป็นÿ าคัญมาใช้ในการÿอนได้อย่างเĀมาะÿม ยังไม่เน้นผู้เรียนเป็นÿ าคัญ คüรปรับปรุงพัฒนาต่อไป 3. เป็นแผนการจัดการเรียนรู้ที่ น าไปใช้ได้จริง คüรปรับปรุงก่อนน าไปใช้ 4. ข้อเÿนอแนะอื่นๆ .............................................................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................................................. ลงชื่อ.................................................................. (นายกอบýักดิ์ ÿุทัýน์ ณ อยุธยา) ต าแĀน่ง ครู üิทยฐานะช านาญการพิเýþ คüามคิดเĀ็นรองผู้อ านüยการ กลุ่มบริĀารüิชาการ .............................................................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................................................. ลงชื่อ.......................................................... (นางบุณฑริก ýรีบุญเรือง) รองผู้อ านüยการ กลุ่มบริĀารüิชาการ
- 76 - THE KINGDOM OF THAILAND What is Thailand? Where is it? What does Thailand look Like? Where do Thai people come from? When you say you Are Thai what do you mean? What do Thai people believe? How do Thai people behave? How is Thailand governed? Let s find out! Our Nation Geographv Country: Kingdom of Thailand Location: Southeast Asia Area: 518,370 square kilometers Bordering Countries: North-Myanmar, Laos East-Laos, Cambodia West-Myanmar South-Malaysia Population :
- 77 - 60 million people Regions Thailand is divided into 6 regions. Each region is different Northern Region The North has mountains. The Dan Lao and the Thongchai mountains are in the North. Mount Intanon is the highest mountain in Thailand. These mountains are the source of 4 important rivers – the Ping River, the Wang River, the Yom River and the Nam River. These four river come together to make the Chao Praya River. The climate in the North is cool and rainy in the rainy season. In the hot season it is warm and humid. The mountains keep the climate cooler than other parts of Thailand. Most of the people in the North are farmers. They can grow lots of fruits and vegetables that like cool weather. Farmers grow tea, tobacco, strawberries, lychee
- 78 - and peaches. People in the North also make umbrellas, baskets, silverware and weave cloth Northeastern Region The Northeastern region has mountains and plateaus. In the north part of the region are the Petchaboon and Dongprayayen Mountains. The Sungumpang Mountains are in the north and northeast part of the region. The Panamdongruk Mountains form the border between Thailand and Cambodia. The climate is usually hot and dry. I doesn’t rain too often and it is cold in winter. The soil in the Northeast is poor and there are not many rivers, so it is not very good for farming. But it is very good for livestock. People in The northeast raise animals for food and to help work. People in the Northeast also make bamboo furniture and weave beautiful cloth. Central Region The Central region is flat plains. There are lots of rivers and canals. It is hot and humid in the summer and it never gets very cold. This makes it perfect for growing rice. People also grow fruits and vegetables here. The Central region also has many factories. Textiles and canning are important industries in the central region. Bangkok. The capital city of Thai. Is in the Central region. Western Region the Western region has mountains and forests in the north and flat plains in the south. Two rivers , the Big Kwai and the small Kwai, come together to from the Meklong River. In thenorth it is hot and humid in the summer and cool in the winter. In the south it is usually hot and rainy. People in the north cut these for wood People in the south grow sugar cane, pineapples and
- 79 - coconuts. There are also mines where people dig for tin, sapphires and rubies Southern Region The Southern Region is a long, narrow piece of land between the Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. It has mountains and many small islands. It is hot and rainy most of the time. People there are fishermen or work on large fruit or rubber plantations. Eastern Region The Eastern region has mountains in the north and flat plains in the south near the sea. In the north the Chantaburi and Bantat mountains form the border between Thailand and Cambodia. The East region is hot and rainy most of the time. There are many large tropical fruit plantations where they grow durian, mangosteen and rambutan. There are also rubber plantations and sapphire and ruby mines. VOCABULARY: Regions
- 80 - 1. canning an industry where foods are put in tins or cans to sell at supermarkets 2. furniture table, chairs, sofas beds, etc. 3. humid hot and wet [air] 4. livestock domestic animals raised on a farm [not pets] 5. mine [a] plce 6. plain [a] low, flat land 7. plain [a] high, flat land near mountains 8. rubber product from rubber trees used to make tries, balls, etc. 9. ruby a clear, red stone used in jewelry 10. sapphire a clear, blue stone used in jewelry 11. source the beginning: where things come from 12. textiles cloth 13. tin a soft, silver metal 14. tobacco plant used to make cigarettes 15. weave make cloth Political Structure The kingdom of Thailand is a constitutional monarchy. This means that there is a king and there is a prime minister. The king is the Head of State-he takes care of the Thai People. The prime minister is the Head of the Government- he takes care of the Thai law. You already know there are 6 regions in Thailand. Each Region is divided into smaller parts called provinces. There are 76 provinces in Thailand. Each province is divided into districts called amphur, towns called tambol, and villages called moo baan. Each division has a leader. Country King Prime Minister Region Regional Governor Province Provincial Governor District Sheriff
- 81 - Town Chief Village Head Important Provinces You already know that Thailand has 76 provinces. Each region has an important province and a capital city. This is where you find the government of the region and the province. Bangkok Province is the most important province in the Central Region. The city of Bangkok is in the province of Bangkok. The city of Bangkok is the capital city of the Central Region and the capital of the Kingdom of Thailand, too. It has the largest population of any city in Thailand. Bangkok is the home of the king and the royal family. It is center of business, transportation and communication for Thailand. It is also the center of religion and culture. In Bangkok you can find the embassies of many different foreign countries. Chiangmai Province Chiangmai is the capital city of Chiangmai Province. It is also the capital of the North Region. Many Thai people and foreign tourists visit Population Thailand has about 60 million people. Most of the people live in Bangkok Provimce. The Thai population has many different kinds of people. There are native Thais but also many people came to Thailand from other countries. They lived and worked in Thailand and became Thai citizens. There are Chines - Thai people, indian - Thais, and Combodian - Thais.
- 82 - There are also many hill tribes in Thailand. Most of the hill tribes are in the northern part of Thailand. They wear special clothes, speak special languages and have special customs. But ther are Thai. Culture Culture means the behaviors, language and beliefs of a group of people. Thai people have a special culture that makes them different from other people. Language – Thais speak Thai. The Thai language has its own alphabet. Dress – thais have special clothes. Very often these special clothes are made of Thai silk. Thai people in the North wear the traditional blue farmer shirt. In the sour Thai people often wear a song. Rituals--Thai people wai to show respect and to greet others. Western people shake hands and Japanese people bow. The wai is special to Thailand . Thai people have special ceremonies, too. Thai Weddings are different from weddings in other countries, for example. Thai people also have special Thai holidays like Loy Kratong and Songkran ( Thai New Year). Food--Thai food is very popular everywhere in the world. It is often vary spicy. Each region in Thailand has special foods. In the Northeast Region Thai people eat somtam. In the South Region Thai people eat peanut curries called massaman. Naprik noom , a spicy chili paste, comes from the North Region. The Central Region uses a lot of sugar and chilis in their food. VOCABULARY : Geography II 1. ancient very ,very old 2. dam (a) a large ,man-made structure that holds and releases river water 3. navy (a) soldiers that protect the sea around a country 4. palace (a) a large home where the king lives 5. traffic the movement of cars ,trucks ,boats and planes
- 83 - 6. wedding (a) a ceremony where a man and a woman become husband and wife GRAMMAR: Countries ,people and languages When we talk about the people and language of a country we use special words. The names of countries ,people and languages always start with a capital letter History Where do Thai people come from? We have to begin about 6,000 years ago. There was a tribe of people in the Althai Mountain region of northern China. Other Chinese people did not want them to live there, so they moved south to the Yellow River in China. They lived there for a long time and built an empire named Thai Moong. But they had problems with the Chinese people. So in 13 B.E. (Buddhist Era) they moved south again. Country People Language Thailand Thai Thai China Chinese Chinese Japan Japanese Japanese Vietnam Vietnamese Vietnamese Myanmar Burmese Burmese Australia Australian English United States American English Canada Canadian English and French Cambodia Cambodian Cambodian France French French
- 84 - When they came to Nong Saa, they divided into 2 groups the Big Thais and the Small Thais. The Big Thai tribes went west to Myanmar. The Small Thai tribes went to the southeast. The Small Thais were the beginning of the Thai, Cambodian, Laotain and Vietnamese people. The First Four Empires After the Small thai came to Thailand , they made 4 empires . An means that you are the most powerful group in the area. You control all the land and different people around you. The Tarawadee Empire was in Nakorn Pratom in the Central region . Next was the Lawo Empire on the chao Praya River. Then Came the Kotraboon Empire in the Northeast Region . Finally the Thai took the South Region from tndonesia. This was the Sriwichai Empire. The Sukothai EmpireThe first great thai Empire began in 1780 B.E. Two tribes of Small Thai Joined together to fight against the kom people. The leader of the Bang. Yang tribe became the 1 st king of the thai people. His name was king por khun sri lntratit. His grandson , king Ramkamhaeng , was the 1 st great Thai king. King Ramkamhaeng loved his people very much. He wanted the thai people to be proud and powerful . Ln 1826 he made the 1st thai alphabet so his people could learn to read and write the thai Language. You can see this stone today at the Thai National Museum. King Ramkamhaeng made schools for his people.Buddhist monks were the teachers. They taught people how to read and write Thai.
- 85 - King Ramkamhaeng was like a good father. When his people had a problem,they came to the palace. They rang special bell.Then King Ramkamhaeng came out to listen to them and help the The Sukothai Empire was very big and powerful for 200 years. Myanmar,Laos,Cambodia,Malaysia and Singapore were all part of the city of Sukothai Empire.The city of Sckothai was the capital.The king divided the Sukothai Empire into four regions North,South,East and West.Someone in the king’sfamily was the head of each region.Smaller towns were controlled by the king’s relatives or friend. Cambodia,Burma and Laow were colonies of the Sukothai Empire. This means that they had their own government,but they paid taxes to the Thai king. The people were notThai citizens . Thai citizensdid not pay taxes. The Thai people lived well during the Sukothai Empire.The most important part of the people’s lives was the Buddhist religion. The Tripoomtraruang was the first poem written in Thai.Buddhist monks used it to teach the people About Buddhism in schools. Artists made beautiful statues of Buddha and built beautiful temples and shrines.Like Thais today ,most people in the Sukothai Empire were farmers. They grew rice, mangoes, tamarinds and coconuts. Some people made a special style of pottery called sunkalokee. Others were weaver or made things from bamboo. Thais also traded with China and Malaysia. They exported Thai pottery and crafts and imported food and other things they needed. VOCABULARY History 1. joined Past tense of verb join-connect, pnttogether 2. built Past tense of verb build 3. paid Past tense of verb pay 4. tax (a) money you pay to the government
- 86 - 5. could Past tense of verb can 6. rang Past tense of verb ring 7. shrine a sacred place ex. King ’ s bones are buried in shrines in Wat Rra Kao GRAMMAR : Verbs - - The Passive Voice English sentences usually look like this : Somboon reads a book Subject verb Object Somboon is doing the action of reading. But sometimes the subject receives the action : The book was read by Somboon. Subject Passive Agent The book was not doing the action. The book was not reading. Somboon wat reading. The book received the action. Formation : Be + Pant Participle + by Examples : Passive Voice Wassana threw the ball . The ball was thrown by Wassana. Thongchai ate the rice. The rice was eaten by Thongchai. The king controlled the empire. The empire was controlled by the king Artists made pottery. Pottery was made by artists. Religion Religions in Thailand In Thailand most people are Buddhists, but some people are Christians, Muslims or Hindus. Buddhism
- 87 - Buddhists follow the teachings of the Buddha, Prince Siddhartha. They follow the 5 Precepts of Buddha. They worship in temples called wats, or at shrines. Christianity Christians follow the teachings of Jesus Christ. Christians believe in 1 God and they believe that Jesus was the son of Christians. They worship in churches. Most western people are Christian. Islam Islam is the religion of the Muslims. Muslims follow the teachings of Mohammed. Muslims believe in 1 God and that Mohammad was his prophet. The Koran is the holy book of Muslims. Theyworship in mosques. The Muslim religion comes from the Middle East. Hinduism The Hindu religion comes from India. Hindus have many gods, but 3 important Hindu gods are Vishnu, the god of work, Siva, the god of destruction, and Praprom, the 4 faced god. Each god has a temple or shrine where people can worship.
- 88 - The Sikh Religion The Sikh religion also comes from India. Sikhs do not believe in gods. They believe that Truth is the most Important thing. The way o find Truth is by using the power of your Intellingence. Buddhism Buddhism is the most important religion in Thailand. It is the heart of the people. The 3 Gems of Buddhism are: The Buddha - - Buddha is the model. The Buddha - - The Dharma are the teachings of Buddha The Sanka - - The Sanka are the Buddhist monks The Story of Buddha More than two thousand years ago in India in a small state called Sukka, there was aking and a queen. The queen, whose name was Siri Maha Maya,was going to have a baby. She needed to go to her own home in Goliya to have her baby. When the time came near for the baby to come, she left Sukka and set out for Goliya. But Goliya was far away. On the way she came to a town called Lumpiniwan. She sat down under a tree and the baby came. This was in the month, 80 years before B.E. The queen took her new son back to the king. He was very proud and five days later he gave a big party. One hundred eight Brahmin came. These Brahmin were the most important and intelligent people in the region. When they saw the baby they were surprised. “ this is a very special child, ’’ they said . “ He will either be the best king in India or he
- 89 - will start a new religion . It will be the best religion in India .” So the king named the baby Siddharta , which means fulfill your destiny . But seseven days after the baby was born, the queen died . His aunt took care of him . Young prince Siddharta studied many things because his father wanted himto be a great king . His first teacher was Wisawamit . wisawamit taught Siddartha all about art and crafths. When Prince Siddhatha was sixteen years old he married Princess Yasotara. They had a son named Rahul . They were very rich and had three palaces . Prince Siddharta lived a very proted life in the Palace . He did not Know about his people . He did not Understand how people lived outside of the palace. One night he sneaked out of the palace . He saw many things that shocked him . He saw people suffering . He saw sad people . He saw sick people . He saw babies being born . He saw old people dying . He went back to the palance and started to think about his people . He wanted to understand why they suffered . What was suffering ? At the age of 29, Prince Siddharta decided to leave his palace and all his riches become a monk in the Hindureligion. He went to study in a special school in the forest. His teachers were Araldabot and Utookdabot. Siddharta wanted to learn more about suffering. He tried to suffer himself. He stopped eating. He tried to hold his breath for a long time. Five young men (Parijawaki) watched him suffering and admired him. They thought that suffering was not good think. But finally Prince Siddharta said that suffering was not good. It did not make your life better. So the Parijawaki went away. One night in the month, 45 years B.E. Prince Siddharta was in the town of Uruwela Senantkom. There was a beauifol full moon so he went to sit under a bodhi tree on the banks of the Nerunchera River to meditate. He meditated all night. At dawn the next morning, he reached Enlightenment. He finally understood suffering. VOCABULARY : Buddhism I 1. (At) dawn time in the early morning when you first see the sun 2. admire respect and like someone or something 3. enlightenment highjest understanding 4. forest (a) a large area of 5. meditate Past tense of verb join - connect, put together 6. set out for (a place) begin to travel to another place
- 90 - 7. sneak out of go out secretly (a place) 8. suffer feel great pain or sadness The Four Noble Truths 1.Suffering (Tooka) There are two kinds of suffering – mental and Physical Mental suffering is when you are sad or worry too much. Physical suffering is when your body is hurt or you are Sick. 2. The Causes of Suffering Mental suffering comes from greed,anger and delusion. We can never stop physical suffering. Everyone gets hurt or sick. Everyone dies. 3. Elimination of Suffering Everyone must try stop Suffering. We must take good care of our bodies. We must never be greedy , angry or believe things that are not true. 4. Stay free from suffering. Buddha said there were 8 ways to avoid suffering. GRAMMAR: at, on, and in with time and place at specific on more general in most general Example: His birthday is in January. His birthday party is at 2:00 p.m. onFriday. She lives in Bangkok. She lives on Sukhumwit. She live at 22/276 Sukhumwit Road.
- 91 - After his Enlightenment, Buddha went to find the 5 Penjawaki. He wanted to teach them what he knew. He taught them the Dharma. Gondanya was the first one to understand. Buddha made Gondanya the first monk. Later the other Penjawaki could understand, too. Buddha and the Penjawaki traveled around and taught many people about Dharma. One day a very rich young man named Yasa came to listen. He loved Buddha ’s teaching so much that he brought 54 more people to hear and remember Buddha ’ s teaching. When they understood, they became monks, too. Now there were 60 monks traveling around and teaching. Soon 3 brothers from the Chadin family heard about Buddha and his Dharma. These brothers brought 1,000 people to hear Buddha. They all became monks. Leter Buddha went to Mokot to teach King Pimpasarn. Buddha and his Dharma were very famous. Buddha and his monks traveled around India teaching for 45 years. By now Buddha was 80 year old. One day at Vesalee Buddha told his monks that he was going to die in 3 months time. The last monk Buddha ordained himself was supata. Buddha's last thing Buddha taught his monks was that life was precious. People must respect life. People must take care of themselves. They must not be reckless or negligent. In the 6th month on the night of the full moon, Buddha went to dinner at Junta's house. After dinner he did not feel well, so he went to sleep under a sala tree. He died while he was sleeping. His monks continued to teach Buddha's Dharma. Today Buddhism is one of the great religions of the world. VOCABULARY : Buddhism II 1.delusion an idea or thought that is false 2.eliminate remove; get rid of 3.greed when you want too much; ex. A greedy person never has enough money. 4.heard past tense of verb hear 5.negligent careless and forgetful 6. ordain make someone a monk 7. precious valuable 8. reckless thoughtless, careless, and out of cause many accidents. The Dharma – Buddha's Teachings The Five Precepts are the most important ruler of Buddhism. They are the Dharma. The five Precepts Have 2 parts -- rules (Benja) and practice (Benja Tam).
- 92 - Rule Practice Don't kill Be kind to all living things Don't steal Be honest in your work No sexual misconduct Use good moral behavior Don't tell lies Always tell the truth Don't get drunk or use Always keep your mind Drugs clear Good Thai Buddhists also try to practice these ideas : Be self – sufficient This means that you try to things by yourself. You don't always wait for someone else to do things For youBe grateful when people are kind to you or help you, you must say thank you. Be active don’t be lazy! Always try to be busy.Take care of your body. A healthy body is necessary for a good ant happy life The sanka – Buddhist monks The 3 rd Gem of Buddhism is the Buddhist monks. They are the people who keep the teachings and spirit of Buddhism alive. They wear special orange robes called pahluang. They do not have an easy life. They must follow 227 rules of good behavior. They cannot be rich. They carry a bowl for rice and offerings. Sometimes they carry a razor , a water filter and a sewing kit if they are traveling. In the morning, before 11:00 a.m., monks go from house to house to ask for food.
- 93 - Most Thai boys spend some time at a temple learning about Buddhism and helping the monks. The boys must shave all the hair off their faces and heads and follow the rules of the monks. These boys are called novices. When a young man is 20 years old he can be ordained a monk. Thais respect Buddhist monks. They offer them food and useful gifts like soap and razors. They bow and wai when they meet a monk. Women never touch a monk.