James Keay | 20370096 | 4C-P3B | 1103 Development document Frag[men]ted Layers
2
Bath Quays ............................................................. 4-6 Current Routes ........................................................... 7 A History of Bath Quays ............................................ 8 Beginning Palimsest ................................................... 9 Past sites of Bath Quays .......................................... 10 Abstract interpretations Echoes of Unity Amidst the Squalor ........................ 12 Putting up a Front .................................................... 13 A Symphony of Connection ..................................... 14 Sanctuary’s Embrace ................................................ 15 Key Spaces ................................................................ 16 Combining Interpretations Diamonds, Glue, and the Threads of Connection ... 17 Collating Ideas on site Contextual Fusion .................................................... 18 Final Composition ................................................... 19 Planning through Palimsest ............................... 20-21 Massing through Lines of influence ......................... 22 Collating Ideas .......................................................... 23 Public-Private Delineation ........................................ 28 Spacial Awareness and Glazing .......................... 29-30 Crafting Spaces Developing Treadwheels .................................... 32-33 Developing the Breastshot Wheel ........................... 34 Breastshot Wheel in scene ...................................... 35 Re-imagining Avon Street ........................................ 36 Developing Biodiverse Green Roof .......................... 37 Developing the Form ............................................... 38 Biodiverse Hubs Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park ................................ 40 Soaring Spaces Royal Air Force Museum .................................... 42-43 Museum of London .................................................. 44 Elevated Ecology Rolls-Royce Motor Car Factory ................................ 46 Wellbeing and Biodiversity through my Personal Touchstone Biodiversity along the Avon ............................... 48-49 Dock Development ................................................... 50 Testing Integrating Emerging Technological Advancements................................... 51 Tectonics Green Roof ............................................................... 66 Space Frame ............................................................. 67 Contents Development Iterations First Iteration Ground Floor ............................................................ 24 First Floor ................................................................. 25 Section A-A ............................................................... 26 Section B-B ............................................................... 26 Section C-C ............................................................... 27 Second Iteration Ground Floor ............................................................ 52 First Floor ................................................................. 53 Section A-A ............................................................... 54 Section B-B ............................................................... 54 Final Iteration Ground Floor ............................................................ 56 First Floor ................................................................. 57 Section A-A ............................................................... 58 Section B-B ............................................................... 58 Axonometric ............................................................. 59 Final Renders Site overview at dusk................................................ 60 Treadwheel in use ................................................... 61 Breastshot Wheel at dusk......................................... 62 Steam Engine Practical ............................................. 63 Residential Exhibition Space..................................... 64 Viewing Platform....................................................... 65 3
4 Bath Quays
5
Bath Quays 6
Current Routes The Bath Quays area today was once formed by the historic hub of workingclass housing and industries serving expanding Bath. Cramped dwellings sat crammed between factories, warehouses, slaughterhouses, breweries and pubs lining its bustling riverside docks. Over 10,000 inhabitants called this harsh landscape home during the 18th century while providing the brawn across adept trades that propelled the city’s growth. This backdrop of shifting architectural remains from artisan trades and meandering infrastructures over centuries gives the Bath Quays site rich layers of dynamic cultural history intertwined with worker experiences. The echoes of a changing landscape and layered community narratives tied to an evolving city identity make the location compelling for highlighting untold stories, bridging eras, and nurturing equitable participation. 7
A history of Bath Quays 8
Beginning Palimsest 9
Past sites of Bath Quays 10
11
‘Echoes of Unity Amidst the Squalor’ Exploitative piece representing the past of Bath quays. Though densely populated by over 10,000 people and overall a horrible place to live, this space had strong bonds and positive well-being between its people. 12 Abstract Interpretations
‘Putting up a Front’ ‘Putting up a Front’ is an exploitative piece that represents the internal struggles and insecurities men often face, symbolizing the tendency to hide their problems behind a facade of strength. 13
Abstract Interpretations ‘A Symphony of Connection’ An abstract sectional study that explores the idea of forging bonds between spaces within the complex. The “glue of connection” interweaves with the “hard sticks” of the built environment, creating an aspirational harmony. 14
‘Sanctuary’s Embrace’ A powerful drawing depicting a hard diamond shape symbolizes the concept of protection and safety within the project. This haven offers a man refuge from the world’s abuse, providing solace and security. 15
Interactive Centre Immersive centre Discussion forums Hands on Analysis Skipping Stone Personal exploration Abstract interpretation Key Spaces 16
‘Diamonds, Glue, and the Threads of Connection’ An amalgamation of contextual influences and aspirations for the project, where protective diamond forms shield the fluid, attractive “glue” that binds men together. In this safe and empowering space, they connect, live, and grow, their lives intertwined in a tapestry of shared experiences and mutual support. Combining Interpretations 17
‘Contextual Fusion’ The final outcome is thoughtfully plotted onto the site, imbuing the drawing with rich context and allowing for a deeper exploration of the project’s aspirations. This fusion of design and location creates a tapestry that intertwines the built environment with the hopes and dreams of those who will inhabit it. Collating Ideas on site 18
Interactive Centre Constructing WWII Gyroscopes as a Union and Testing. Work together to build WWII gyroscopes and learn about their role in stabilizing fighter planes. Witness the effectiveness of these gyroscopes by testing them on a hoisted WWII plane replica. Observe how the devices maintain the plane’s aim through simulated turbulence and movements. Discover the history of the 18th-century factories that once operated on this site. Immersive Centre Interactive Immersion Pits using AR. Use AR to explore technological advancements at Bath Quays, from the Georgian Docks to the wartime factories. Understand the site’s development and its impact on the city. Discussion forums Exhibits and Contemplation Spaces. Engage in discussions sparked by exhibits showcasing the contributions of Bath Quays workers. Reflect on the site’s legacy in quiet contemplation spaces designed for dialogue. Personal Exploration - Georgian Docks Construction Step into the shoes of Georgian-era dock workers and challenge yourself to move weights off boats using replicas of horse-powered cranes. Experience the teamwork required, with up to 10 people working together to unload each weight, similar to a tug-of-war. Gain insights into the daily lives and challenges faced by those who built and worked at the Georgian Docks on this site. Hands on Analysis Steam Power Engines and the Industrial Revolution. Operate working models of 18th-century steam engines to understand their role in shaping Bath Quays during the Industrial Revolution. Gain hands-on experience with the era’s ground-breaking technologies. Collating Ideas on site Final composition 19
Planning through Palimsest 20
Planning through Palimsest 21
1-1000 Ground Floor 1-1000 First Floor Massing through Lines of influence 22
Collating Ideas 23
First Iteration Ground floor 24
First floor 25
First iteration Section A-A Section B-B 26
Section C-C 27
Building 1 Ground Floor First Floor First Floor Building 2 Ground Floor Building 3 Ground Floor Public-Private Delineation Main Access 28
First Floor Glazing Envelope Immersive space Reflection and Gathering Joint Floor Display First Floor Internal Body First Floor Glazing Envelope Toilets Viewing trail Joint Floor Display Exhibition Space Ground Floor Internal Body Interactive Centre Building Uses Exhibition Space Viewing Trail Interactive Space Roof Envelope Roof Internal Structure Exhibit Viewing Trail Exhibition Space Interactive Space Ground Floor Internal Body First Floor Glazing Envelope First Floor Internal Body Lecture- Video space Reflection and Gathering Immersive space Ground Floor Glazing Envelope Viewing trail Exhibition Space Toilets Ground Floor Internal Body Cafe Complex Reception Main Access Main Access Main Access Main Access Building 1 Building 2 Building 3 Spacial Awareness and Glazing 29
Spacial Awareness and Glazing Supermarine Spitfire Hawker Hurricane Interactive center focusing on gyroscopes using AR and real WW2 Plane The importance of radar technology in protecting Bath from German air raids Showcase the role of anti-aircraft guns and searchlights in defending Bath against air attacks 1 10 2 11 11 12 15 17 18 19 16 13 14 5 6 7 8 9 4 3 15 18 16 19 Steam engines used in Bath Quays industries Boulton and Watt Steam Engine Using and constructing Table Engines Recreated Bath Quays steam-powered factory Table Engine 10 13 11 14 12 17 Bath Quays Workhouse and gas lighting Bath City Infirmary and healthcare advancements Bath City Water Works’ impact on public health Dolemeads and the arrival of electricity Bath Quays Dispensary and free medicine provision Bath Quays Mission Hall and the “Magic Lantern” Electric lighting’s impact on Bath Quays residents’ home life Lectures on the History of Lighting in Bath AR Displays on technological change in Bath Quays 1 4 7 2 5 8 3 6 9 Building 1 Building 2 Building 3 30
Crafting Spaces with Access, Privacy, and Public Use in Mind 31
Function Visitors will step into the world of medieval docking at Bath Quays using Treadwheel pulleys. They will experience pulling a variety of weights in a peaceful, non-competitive environment. Cranes on Site While the exhibit is easily visible within the site, it aims to provide a sense of being shielded from the public outside the complex. The arched, heightened grassy area behind the exhibit helps create a semi-private space, separating it from the surroundings outside the complex boundaries. This reinforces a judgment-free, unstigmatised environment where visitors can feel free from embarrassment. Pulley Bearing Structure Treadwheel The hook The Ratchets Keels Medieval boat Runnable Treadwheel Developing Treadwheels 32
Developing Treadwheels 33
Public Function: The public will be able to witness how a water saw wheel, which used to operate on the Bath Quays waterfront site, was utilized to saw materials when this space functioned as a sawmill in the past. Wheel on Site: Positioned towards the end of Avon Street, this space showcasing the historic water saw wheel will be entirely public and unshielded from the wider view of the site. It sits between a former man-made water channel that fed into the River Avon, utilizing the strong current to operate the sawmill machinery in the past. Physical Function: To power this breastshot waterwheel, a system using water pumps and intake pipes will be implemented. Since there are no records on how this specific site’s waterwheels were historically powered, and the old upstream Radial gate and Weir are no longer operational, modern water pumps will be used to create a high-pressure water jet to turn the wheel. This pump-driven water cannon setup allows for an on-demand demonstration of the waterwheel, rather than replicating the original medieval powering method. Developing the Breastshot Wheel 34
Breastshot Wheel in scene 35
Re-imagining a Historic Function: Avon Street functioned as a central path Connected all the buildings within the complex Restricting Vehicle Access Lines of Palimsest Public Function: The redesigned Avon Street will serve as a connective path that ties together the different buildings within the complex. It will provide a single directional flow leading down towards the dock area. The path will be framed by the three main buildings of the complex, acting as a bridge linking them together. Its generous width allows for easy pedestrian movement along the path in both directions, while also opening up views across the various spaces of the site. 1 2 3 5 6 4 Direct Access to Crane Exhibit Flexible Green Space Direct Access to Skipping Dock Tiered Green space frames movement down Avon street Public Pathway Relation to Bridge Access 1 2 3 4 5 6 6 Re-imagining Avon Street 36
Vegetation Substrate - 120mm Filter Fabric - 1mm Drainage Layer - 20mm Drainage Network Root Barrier - 1mm Waterproof Membrane - 2mm Insulation - 60mm Plywood Deck - 20mm Internal Drainage Pipe Function: Buildings 1 and 2 will feature green roofs with public access from within the buildings. The aim of these green roofs is to aid biodiversity by providing a maintained grassland space for bird, insect, and plant species that struggle to survive in accessible grassland areas. These green roof spaces will serve as protected environments to support various species. Developing Biodiverse Green Roof Building 2 Building 1 37
Function: Buildings 1 and 2 feature abstract curved roof designs that are oriented to follow and relate to the sun paths along Avon Street. These curved roofs serve multiple purposes: They provide shaded areas for the external green roof spaces on the buildings. They offer a degree of privacy and separation from the public movement and views across the adjacent street. The curved forms help divide and frame different viewing perspectives across the overall site. The abstract curved roof shapes are designed to respond to the solar orientation while also facilitating the green roof amenities and controlling sight lines and privacy in relation to the surrounding public areas. Developing the Form Building 2 Building 1 38
Biodiverse Hubs: Designing Multi-Functional Green Spaces for People and Wildlife 39
Purpose Balance public facilities with plant and animal protection Connect the site with nature through biodiverse planting Create multi-use spaces that serve various functions Provide protected spaces for wildlife and sensitive habitat Public gathering space Community Events Recreational Facilities Cultural Venues Educational Programs River Restoration Protected Plant Species Meadows and Grasslands Green Bridges and Corridors Biodiverse Planting 1 2 5 4 3 1 4 2 5 3 Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park in Stratford, East London 40
Soaring Spaces: Incorporating Truss Roofs and Suspended Displays for Upward Views 41
Royal Air Force Museum Midlands Aluminium lightweight cladding Steel wired shutter Steel truss system Aluminium lightweight cladding Suspended WW2 Spitfire 42 42
Aluminium lightweight cladding Steel cables Steel truss system Elevated viewing and Exhibit 43
Museum of London Docklands Public Museum Interactive elements Recreated historical dock Exhibits showcasing the past Immersive atmosphere Educational opportunities Response Interactive Elements Created own dock inspired by the museum Added elements to date the dock aesthetically Incorporated historical exhibits and features Immerse visitors in the dock’s historical context Hands-on learning opportunities about the dock’s history and function. Sawmill Machinery Skipping Stone Space Recreated Medieval Dock Treadwheel Pulleys 1 2 4 3 1 3 2 4 44
Elevated Ecology: Creating Thriving Rooftop Environments in Bath Quays 45
1 Response Provide protected spaces for wildlife and sensitive habitat Energy Efficiency and Thermal InsulationSustainable Building Practices Wildflowers: Cowslip (Primula veris), Oxeye daisy (Leucanthemum vulgare), Common knapweed (Centaurea nigra), Wild thyme (Thymus polytrichus), Lady’s bedstraw (Galium verum) Grasses: Red fescue (Festuca rubra), Crested dog’s-tail (Cynosurus cristatus), Sheep’s fescue (Festuca ovina), Quaking grass (Briza media), Common bent (Agrostis capillaris) Sedum Species: White stonecrop (Sedum album), English stonecrop (Sedum anglicum), Biting stonecrop (Sedum acre), Reflexed stonecrop (Sedum rupestre), Tasteless stonecrop (Sedum sexangulare) Substrate - 120mm Filter Fabric - 1mm Drainage Layer - 20mm Drainage network Root Barrier - 1mm Waterproof Membrane - 2mm Insulation - 60mm Plywood Deck - 20mm Rolls-Royce Motor Car Factory Goodwood, West Sussex Diverse Native Plant Selection 1 5 2 4 3 Diverse Plant Species Habitat Creation Thermal Insulation Rainwater management Biodiversity monitoring 1 4 2 5 3 46
Wellbeing and Biodiversity through my Personal Touchstone 47
Research: Identified phosphorus as a main contributor Mitigation Strategy: Aimed to mitigate the risk of phosphorus in the short term Understanding Impact: Researched the impact and quantity of phosphorus in the Avon at sources Research: Identified phosphorus as a main contributor Mitigation Strategy: Aimed to mitigate the risk of phosphorus in the short term Understanding Impact: Researched the impact and quantity of phosphorus in the Avon at sources Biodiversity along the Avon 48
Project Conclusion Creating a Skipping Stone Developed a skipping stone that reacts and removes phosphate from the Avon Aids biodiversity in the short term Establishing a Key Space Will be a key space within the complex Non-judgemental environment for people to compete in stone skipping Rationale Addresses issue of phosphate pollution in the Avon Promotes engagement and friendly competition Context: Stone hardened for 30 minutes, then placed in 0.1 mg/L phosphate solution Bench-scale testing successful: stone reacted with all phosphate in solution within 1 hour Test extended to 24 hours for thorough reaction Real-life testing on River Exe in Devon: stone skipped 15 times, demonstrating ease of use Creation provides enjoyment and short-term protection for River Avon’s ecosystem by reducing phosphorus levels 10 Minutes Distilled Water 60 Minutes Phosphorous 0.1mg/L 12 Hours Result after time 24 Hours Result after time Biodiversity along the Avon 49
Key Moves: Skipping Stone Space Exploring Biodiversity Aid: Explore the idea of skipping stones to support biodiversity Addressing the threat to biodiversity through an engaging activity Accessibility and Prominence: Space to be wide and easily accessible Pinnacle space within the complex Historical Value and Palimpsest: Site’s historical value as a previous docking location Palimpsest by layering the new use onto the historical context Multiple Throwing Directions Site’s openness to the river Providing multiple throwing directions 1 2 4 3 Access Medieval Dock Biodiverse Planting Movement from Avon Street 1 4 2 3 Natural Lightng Skipping Directions Dock Development 50