12th UCHS program ebook

TIME ACTIVITIES
8.30 am Online registration for poster presenters
8.45 am
9.00 am - Online registration for Internal Research Poster Evaluators — Lecturers from the MLS and
10.00 am OSH programmes

10.00 am – Opening ceremony “12th UeCHS 2022”:
10.20 am
∙ Online arrival of the honoree
10.20 am – ∙ Singing of National Anthem, Selangor Anthem and UNISEL song
10.40 am ∙ Do’a recitation by Muhammad Shahir bin Mohd Redzuan
∙ Welcoming speech by the Director of Programme: Muhammad Nadzwan Aizad Bin
11.00 am
Ismail

Launching of 12th UCHS E-Colloquium 2022:

∙ Live video session of speech and greeting by;
Prof. Dato’ Dr. Mohammad Redzuan Othman

(President & Vice Chancellor UNISEL)
∙ Montage Multimedia presentation by FYP poster presenter 12th UCHS

∙ Final Year Research Presentation (FYP) by Student representative of group 1, ISM
Medical Laboratory Science (Hons) program.

∙ Name : Nurul Ashikin bt Mohamed Shahrehan
∙ Research title : Characterization Of Mouse Models For The Study Of Metastasis In

Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (Npc)
∙ Supervisor : Madam Nurkhairul Bariyah bt Baharun
∙ Q & A session (5 minutes)
∙ Final Year Research Presentation (FYP) by Student representative of group 2, ISM

Occupational Safety Health (Hons) program.
∙ Name : Nur Feriza Bt Mohamad Fozi
∙ Research title : The Relationship Between Work-Family Conflict and Stress Level

Among Primary School Teachers During Work from Home at A Primary School In

Klang, Selangor.
∙ Supervisor : Madam Erna Haryani Amaludin
∙ Co – supervisor : Madam Noormaliza Hamdan
∙ Q & A session (5 minutes)
∙ FYP Poster Evaluation Session Part 1 by:

Internal Research Poster Evaluators Lecturers from MLS and OSH programmes.
∙ Online quiz competition by committee 12th UeCHS 2022.

12.30 pm Break and Lunch
2.30 pm ∙ FYP Poster Evaluation Session Part 1 by:
Internal Research Poster Evaluators Lecturers from MLS and OSH programmes.
5.00 pm ∙ Online quiz competition by committee 12th UeCHS 2022.

End of program

WELCOME
SPEECH

MESSAGE FROM PRESIDENT AND DEAN OF FACULTY
12th Undergraduate Colloquium on Health Sciences 2022

Assalamualaikum W.B.T and Greetings to All.

Alhamdulillah, all thanks to Allah S.W.T with His mercy and
grace, the E-colloquium/E-conference as known as 12th E-
Undergraduate Colloquium on Health Sciences is held
today. Congratulations and well done to students and
Faculty of Health Sciences on the success in organizing
this significant programme.

The world today has evolved, from the employing of
manpower to the utilising of machinery and technology. In
our effort of developing a strong background of science and
technology, human labour is still considered as an
important and should be given extra attention particularly at
the work place. Thus, the field of occupational safety and
health and medical laboratory are seen as an important
field in our effort to ensure a safe and efficient operation of
an organization.

Thus, the program today should be used preferably by
sharing expertise and knowledge of science and looking for
alternatives to enhance this field through continuous
research. The program is also able to be the best platform
for students and lecturers to present their research as an
effort to improve the quality of healthcare through scientific
research carried out, in line with this program tagline which
is “A True Devotion To A New Finding “

Finally, I hope that today's programme will provide an
enormous exposure as possible to all the lecturers and
students of Health Sciences of UNISEL, eventually
contributing to the development of the university, state and
country

Dean,
Faculty of Health Sciences
Universiti Selangor

MESSAGE FROM THE
PROGRAMME ADVISOR
12th Undergraduate Colloquium
on Health Sciences 2022

Assalamualaikum W.B.T and Greetings to All.

All praise is due to Allah, Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS)
once again is organizing the “12th Undergraduate Colloquium
on Health Sciences” with the theme “A True Devotion To A
New Finding”

I, on behalf of the Organizing Committee of 12th UCHS would
like to humbly welcome all participations, internal and external
examiners to this important colloquium. This colloquium is
aiming to provide a platform for Final year students’ projects
and research committee members to present their findings as
well as share valuable experiences and knowledge to further
enrich the field of Health Sciences.

The 12th Undergraduate Colloquium on Health Sciences
provided opportunity to oral presenters to present cutting-edge
work and significant challenges currently being addressed in
the Health Sciences research. Through 12th UCHS also invited
external poster evaluators together for evaluate our final year
project findings.

The success of this colloquium depends on the tireless efforts
of committee members. Therefore, on behalf of the
management committee, we would like to extend our heartfelt
gratitude to university management committee, all sponsors,
lecturers and students and all parties who have been involved
directly or indirectly in this 12th UCHS 2022. In addition, I would
like to take this opportunity to thank the oral presenters,
internal and external poster evaluators, and poster presenters
for generously sharing their knowledge and research
discoveries.

I sincerely hope that this colloquium will be beneficial to all
participants and other interested readers scientifically and they
are encouraged to continue striving to reach excellence in
Health Sciences research in the process. Finally, I would like
to wish best of luck to all poster presenters in their research
project. Once again, congratulations and well done to the
organizers who have worked hard to make this 12th UCHS
successful.

With warmest regards,

DR. YUSMI BIN MOHD YUNUS
Program Advisor
12th Undergraduate Colloquium on Health Sciences
Faculty of Health Sciences
Universiti Selangor

MESSAGE FROM THE
PROGRAMME DIRECTOR

12th Undergraduate
Colloquium on Health

Sciences 2022

Assalamualaikum W.B.T and good day everyone.

First of all, I would like to welcome our honourable guest, Y. Bhg.
Prof. Dr. Md Sidin Bin Ahmad Ishak Vice President &
Deputy Vice Chancellor (Academic, Research and Industrial
Engagement). To our respected Dean Faculty of Health
Sciences, Mr. Mohd Sharikh Dali bin
Mahad, The Deputy Dean, Student Development and
Resources, Ts. Sawal bin Marsait. The Deputy Dean Academic,
Madam Izreen binti Supa’at, Dr. Yusmi bin Mohd Yunus, beloved
lecturers, staffs and to all of you.

Alhamdulillah, even with the movement control order, we are
able to participate virtually for the inaugural ceremony of the 12th
Undergraduate e-Colloquium on Health Sciences. I am delighted
and pleased by the honored guest, lecturers, and employees of
the Faculty of Health Sciences, as well as those who follow us
live on our official page. It's a fantastic experience.

Every year, we hosted the UCHS for undergraduate students in
their last year of study in the Scientific Communication subject.
This colloquium allows us to create a polished piece of original
work based on our scientific knowledge, oral communication,
information literacy, critical thinking, organisational abilities, and
much more.

The 12th UeCHS tagline is "A TRUE DEVOTION TO A NEW
FINDING," which emphasises that devotion denotes a
commitment or dedication to any objective in which all members
work together hand in hand to make this endeavour a success.
Dedication and teamwork aid in the discovery of new
experiences, knowledge, and memories. It is also the result of
enthusiastic and devoted research aimed at providing constant
scientific breakthroughs, such as new model analysis and
unlocking new strategies to battle disease for a better future.

Nevertheless, our team, members of the 12th UeCHS
Committee, and I would like to apologise for any flaws or
limitations that occurred during the event. We hope everyone
had a good time and hope to see everyone again soon.
Hopefully. Take precautions and stay safe, as the number of
COVID-19 cases continues to rise and new variants emerge.
Have a wonderful day.

Thank you.

Sincerely,
MUHAMMAD NADZWAN AIZAD BIN ISMAIL
Programme Director
12 th Undergraduate Colloquium on Health Sciences
Faculty of Health Sciences
Universiti Selangor

COLOUR SYMBOLIZED
LIGHT BLUE
Symbol of communication, which is the primary goal of
UCHS: to disseminate new scientific discoveries. Blue
also represents the brain, which is striving to come up
with ideas to make this colloquium operate as planned.

PINK Symbol of optimism and hope. It also symbolises the
ORANGE DNA cycle.

BRAIN The theme colour Orange has a crucial connotation in
DNA that it represents "We are Uniselian," indicating that it is
CIRCLE the Unisel University's Universal colour. The colour
orange also represents the bright future we may have as
Uniselians.

The brain reflects as a sign of a "cip," which has the
highest potential of storing a ton of information.

Surround the brain: depicts the ongoing research that will
continue until the end for the benefit of all.

Symbolizes the circle of the scientific community that
serves as a source of knowledge to society.

OBJECTIVE

1. Sharing skills and knowledge in the current

scientific research.

2. Exchange of ideas and fundamental concepts

of health science.

TAG LINE

“A TRUE DEVOTION TO A NEW FINDING”

Devotion means a commitment or dedication to
some purpose where all the member are working
together hand by hand to make this project a
success. The dedication and teamwork help to
find a new experience, knowledge and memory
together. It is also the passionate and committed
research aiming to provide continuous scientific
discoveries including the new model analysis and
unique new ways to fight disease for a better
future.

NATIONAL ANTHEM

Negaraku
Tanah tumpahnya darahku,

Rakyat hidup
bersatu dan maju,

Rahmat bahagia
Tuhan kurniakan,

Raja kita
selamat bertakhta,

Rahmat bahagia
Tuhan kurniakan,

Raja kita
selamat bertakhta.

SELANGOR ANTHEM

Duli Yang Maha Mulia
Selamat di atas takhta

Allah lanjutkan usia Tuanku Rakyat mohon restu

Bawah Duli Tuanku
Bahagia selama-lamanya

Aman dan sentosa
Duli Yang Maha Mulia

UNISEL ANTHEM

Disini kemahiran jadi budaya
Kepakaran sendi kerjaya

Ilmu dihayati sepanjang usia
Amal jariah tunjang jasa

Dipayungi langit tanpa sempadan
Bumi subur Darul Ehsan

Disinari suria alam Tuhan Yang Esa
Dibuai bayu ilmu peradaban

UNISEL kaulah sinar bestari
Pancaran ilmu serta amali
Pengisi minda pengasuh budi
Pelopor utama insan mithali

Kau umpama pohon nan rimbun
Tumbuh subur teguh beruntun

Jati diri hidup berukun
Tahan uji turun menurun

ORAL PRESENTERS

MLS

CHARACTERIZATION OF MOUSE MODELS FOR THE STUDY OF METASTASIS IN
NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA (NPC)

Nurul Ashikin Mohamed Shahrehan1,2, Nurkhairul Bariyah Baharun1

1 Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor
2Molecular Pathology Unit, Institute for Medical Research

The burden of disease from NPC is disproportionately large for Malaysia compared
to the world. In Malaysia the data show a very high incidence and mortality.
Metastasis is a highly complicated biological phenomena that continues to be a
clinical concern in the treatment and management of NPC. Over the years, several
attempts have been made to construct a mimetic model for the study of metastasis.
A metastatic model system for cancer is an important research tool that may be
adjusted to look at different elements of NPC. Cancer models based on mice are
well-known and regularly utilized in cancer research. For a better knowledge and
medication development in this condition, clinically appropriate mice models are
required. In this study, Nod Scid Gamma Null was chosen as model and two (2)
nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines, stably expressing green fluorescent protein
(GFP), Xeno C666-GFP and Xeno B110-GFP were orthotopically injected into the
nasopharynx of the mice. After the injection, the whole-body fluorescence imaging
was used to monitor the growth of the primary tumor. As the result, the in vivo and
ex vivo imaging shows the metastasis to the mice organs and hematoxylin and eosin
(H&E) staining was done to verify the tumor region which conclude that the
metastasis can exist by tumor cells spread naturally from the primary tumor site to
secondary locations the when the NPC cells was orthotopically injected to the mice
models. With this result, the imageable orthotopic model should be useful in
explaining the processes behind nasopharyngeal cancer development, progression
and metastasis, as well as evaluating new drugs with potential effectiveness

Keywords: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, metastasis, mouse model, imaging

OSH

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WORK-FAMILY CONFLICTS AND STRESS
LEVEL AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS AT A SCHOOL IN KLANG,

SELANGOR

Nur Feriza Mohamad Fozi1, Erna Haryani Amaludin1 , Noormaliza Hamdan1
1Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor

Work and family conflict arises when an individual’s job and family
responsibilities become conflicting. The conflict must be handled with caution
because they are linked to bad outcomes especially among primary school
teachers during working from home. The aim of this study is to determine the
relationship between work-family conflict and stress level among primary school
teachers during work from home. This study has taken placed at a primary
school in Klang, Selangor. The study applied Work and Family Conflict Scale
(WAFCS) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) to the 36 respondents of primary
school teachers. The result had showed that there is no significant relationship
between work and family conflict (work-family conflict, p=0.166) with stress
level. In conclusion, the hypothesis for relationship between work-family conflict
and stress level among primary school teachers was rejected.
Keywords: work-family conflict, stress, work from home, work and Family Conflict
Scale (WAFCS), Perceiver Stress Scale (PSS-10)

POSTER PRESENTERS

RAPID AUTOMATED BACTERIAL IDENTIFICATION TESTING AND ANTIBIOTICS
SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTING DIRECTLY FROM POSITIVE BLOOD CULTURE

Angelyn Ann Yeo 1 ,2, Norhatiah Md Lias 1

1 Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor
2 Hospital Pulau Pinang

Manual bacteria identification method required 24 hours incubation in order to identify the
bacteria and antibiotics sensitivity testing using standard disc diffusion method required 24
hours of incubation. The purpose of this study are to compare bacteria identification by
using manual identification method, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of
Flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) and IVD Sepsityper kits and to compare the
significance of the antibiotics sensitivity testing from the positive blood culture between
standard disc diffusion and Rapid Antibiotics Sensitivity Testing (RAST). 100 aerobic blood
culture bottles which flagged positive are cultured and identified by using 3 different
method; manual identification method, MALDI- TOF and IVD Sepsityper kits. At the same
time, antibiotics sensitivity testing will be performed on the organisms isolated by using 24
hours standard disc diffusion method and 8 hours RAST method. As a result, there is no
significant difference between the bacteria identification between manual identification
and MALDI-TOF but there is a significant difference when using IVD Sepsityper kits. There is
no significance difference for the antibiotics susceptibility testing between standard disc
diffusion and RAST for gram positive cocci in cluster but there is a significance difference for
gram positive cocci in chain and gram negative rod. In conclusion, manual identification
method and MALDI-TOF have the same ability and performance to identify the same
pathogen whereas IVD Sepsityper kit unable to identify some pathogens. Antibiotics
susceptibility testing for gram positive cocci in cluster have the similar interpretation but for
gram positive cocci in chain and gram negative rod have different interpretation between
standard disc diffusion and RAST.

Keywords: bloodstream infections, matrix-assisted laser , Desorption/Ionization–Time of
Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), IVD Sepsityper Kit, antibiotics susceptibility
testing, agar disc diffusion, Rapid Antibiotics Sensitivity Testing (RAST)

CORRELATION OF FERRITIN LEVEL AND IRON PROFILE AMONG LOW HEMOGLOBIN
PREGNANT MOTHER IN TANGKAK POPULATION

Aqilah Nabilah Suliman1,2, Asma Harun1, Rahidatul Fairuz Ibrahim3

ⁱ Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor
2 Pejabat Kesihatan Tangkak
3 Hospital Pakar Sultanah Fatimah, Muar.

Iron deficiency is the most prevalent single nutritional deficiency, affecting
approximately 20% of the world’s population (William, 2000). The purpose of this study
is to identify correlation of iron storage based on Serum Ferritin level and Iron profile
among low hemoglobin pregnant mother attending Klinik Kesihatan in Tangkak
between 2019 until 2021. A cross-sectional study was done over a two-year period and
90 pregnant mother were enrolled in this study. Low hemoglobin pregnant mother is
identified and later tested with serum ferritin and iron profile as a screening tool for
detecting absolute iron deficiency anemia. Blood sample was drawn from apparently
low hemoglobin pregnant mothers at antenatal booking and sent for laboratory
assessment serum ferritin and iron profile (serum iron, UIBC, TIBC and transferrin
saturation. The results showed that 65 out of 90 participant (72.2%) was absolute Iron
deficiency Anemia (IDA) only by referring serum ferritin. Approximately 76% are Malay
followed with Indian and Chinese came to Klinik Kesihatan were diagnosed as IDA as
they have low Hb. The serum ferritin level was significantly associated with the Iron
Profile (p value = <0.001). Serum ferritin is positive correlation with serum iron and
transferrin saturation. Hence if Serum ferritin decrease, serum iron and transferrin
saturation also decrease. However, Serum ferritin with UIBC and TIBC are negative
correlate where when Serum ferritin increase, UIBC and TIBC will decrease. It is
important to detect iron deficient erythropoiesis during the first antenatal check-up, as
it is an early manifestation of iron deficiency anemia. In conclusion, screening for iron
deficient using serum ferritin alone is reliable and cost efficient rather than sending
both serum ferritin and iron profile in diagnosing IDA among low Hb pregnant mother.

Keywords: ferritin, iron profile, iron deficiency anemia , low hemogblobin pregnant
mother

ANALYSIS OF VITAMIN D IN METABOLIC SYNDROME USING IMMUNOASSAY
METHOD

Asvini Manikian1,2, Yusmi Mohd Yunus1

ⁱ Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor
2 Hospital Putrajaya

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that is usually found in two forms, which are known
as vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) and vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol). vitamin D can be easily
obtained from sunlight, but certain environmental conditions, genetic factors and
lifestyle can influence this. Factors that affects the levels of vitamin D are including sun
exposure, age, race, adiposity, metabolic syndromes and drug usage. The aim of this
study is to measure the level of vitamin D deficiency in metabolic disorder among
adult peoples in Peninsular and West. Vitamin D test run by using UniCel DxI 800.
Access 25(OH) Vitamin D Total assay uses a competitive two-step, binding immune-
enzymatic assay process. In this study, there was a total of 370 patients that has
been diagnose with Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus and obesity. In the total of 370
patients, there were 114 male patients and 256 female patients. There are 67 males
(18.11%) and 148 female (40%) selected from East Malaysia while 47 males (12.70%)
and 108 females (29.19%) from West Malaysia. From this study, it shows there is no
statistically significant difference between metabolic group syndrome group and the
vitamin D level test (p&gt;0.05). This study did not provide conclusive evidence that
vitamin D deficiency is associated with metabolic syndrome, due to limited sample size
obtained amidst Covid-19 pandemic.

Keywords: Vitamin D, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, metabolic syndrome,
UniCel DxI 800

DETECTION OF TICK-BORNE PATHOGEN (RICKETTSIA SPP) IN TICKS USING NESTED PCR
ASSAY

Canedy Jacob 1,2, Ahmad Norasidi Mohd Raffie1 , Foo Phiaw Chong2 , Ernieenor Faraliana
Che Lah2, Mariana Ahamad2

1 Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor
2 Institute for Medical Research

Tick-borne rickettsiae is a Gram-negative obligate intracellular bacteria belonging to the
spotted fever group (SFG) under the genus Rickettsia, which many of them possessed
significant medical importance that causes febrile diseases. Rickettsioses have been
documented in Southeast Asian countries and identified as emerging infections in
Peninsular Malaysia. The aim of this study is to identify the presence of Rickettsia spp. in
ticks collected from Pahang and Terengganu. A total of 184 archived ticks samples
collected from forests of Pahang and Terengganu from 2018 until 2019 were identified
and proceeded for detection of Rickettsia spp. using nested PCR. Two specific primer
sets were designed targeting the ompA gene and 17-kDa gene for the detection of
Rickettsia bacteria, focusing on the spotted fever group. A validated dual-target one-
step Nested PCR assay was used to detect the presence of Rickettsia spp. in the
extracted DNAs. In the 184 samples, 67 (36.4%) samples were collected from Pahang
locality while 117 (63.6%) samples were from Terengganu locality. Among the 184
samples tested, only one (0.5%) sample was detected positive for Rickettsia spp based
on the 17-kDa gene. The tick was identified as Ixodes granulatus and was collected from
Pahang. Sequence alignment obtained from the sequencing showed 100% identical to
one of the Rickettsia spp. gene found in NCBI GenBank. The result suggested that the
positively amplified sequence belonged to Rickettsia sp. ATT 17-kDa gene.

Keywords: Tick-borne pathogens, Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia (SFGR), Rickettsioses,
Dual-target one-step Nested PCR Assay.

USE OF IN VIVO MODEL FOR RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL
THERAPEUTICS OF NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA

Christine Ricky1,2, Nurkhairul Bariyah Baharun1

1Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor

2Molecular Pathology Unit, Institute for Medical Research

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a cancer that has a distinct biology and clinical
features, highly associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. As the cancer is
rare in the West, there are very limited new therapeutic agents developed for this
cancer. Before use in humans, drugs need to be tested in pre-clinical models, hence
xenograft models are used as models for drug testing. The aims of this study were to
compare the effect of carfilzomib on tumor volume and body weight both treatment
and control group in Nod Scid Gamma (NSG) mice. PDX B110 were inoculated
subcutaneously into the right lower flank of mice, monitored and measure the tumor
size until it reached 80 - 120 mm 3 . The mice were randomizing into three groups,
two treatment and a control both with different regime. Treatment was delivered
through intraperitoneal (IP) injections until week three. Throughout the weeks, tumor
measurement was done thrice a week and body weight were measured daily. Tumor
were harvested when it reaches humane end point. Data were then analyzed,
showed no significant effect of carfilzomib against B110. There was some reduction
for both treatment groups but when compared to control, the reduction was not
statistically significant (p&gt;0.05). The use of carfilzomib as a treatment option in
PDX B110 can be achieved if larger sample size with a lower passage number of PDX
B110 were used, and treatment prolonged until week four.

Keywords: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, drugs, treatment, tumor

EVALUATION OF HEALTHY LIFESTYLE PROGRAM ON STUDENT’S HEALTH STATUS IN
ILKKM KUALA LUMPUR

Edmond Ubil Zulkifli1,2, Sharifah Izwan Tuan Othman1

1Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor.
2Institut Latihan Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia (ILKKM) Kuala Lumpur.

Healthy Lifestyle Program (HLP) is conducted in ILKKM Kuala Lumpur to help students
maintain and improve their overall health status as they are seen to be gaining weight
throughout their three years of training. About 20% are overweight, and after several
years into working life, they become obese and starts having health problems mostly
related to cardiovascular diseases (CVD). A total of 123 students included in the study run
for 3 months that includes 10000 steps activity, healthy diet challenge, and healthy
lifestyle awareness including mental health, emotional health, and general health such as
healthy sleep and learning about food nutrition. Their body mass index (BMI), waist to hip
(WTH) ratio, and body fat percentage (BF%) measurements as well as blood samples for
total cholesterol (TC), and fasting blood sugar (FBS) level were recorded pre-program and
then recorded again on post-program. Student’s parameters data differences between
pre-program and post-program were calculated using paired samples t-test method to
determine the effectiveness of the program. Out of 123 students, results after 3 months
HLP shows 29.3% increase of normal BMI (92.7. % vs 63.4%), 6.5% improvement of low risk
WTH ratio (33.3% vs 26.8%), 5.7% better BF% (93.5% vs 87.8%), excellent in both normal
TC level by 38.2% (100% vs 61.8%) and FBS level by 8.9% (100% vs 91.1%). The mean
differences of all parameters between pre-program and post-program are also highly
significant at p < 0.001. Therefore, the study validates that the HLP conducted for 3
months is effective on improving the overall health status of ILKKM Kuala Lumpur’s
students. However, further study focusing on targeted sample population such as age,
ethnicity, and socioeconomic variables for more accurate validation on the program’s
effectiveness across all demographics.

Keywords: healthy lifestyle, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, intervention, effectiveness,
evaluation, body mass index, total cholesterol, fasting blood sugar.

ANALYSIS OF ESTIMATED GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE AMONG HYPERTENSIVE
PATIENTS FOR EARLY DETECTION OF KIDNEY FAILURE AT KLINIK KESIHATAN KULAI

BESAR

Indriani Indar¹ , Asma harun¹, Hamidah Abu Bakar1

¹Faculty of Health Sciences, University Selangor

² Klinik kesihatan kulai Besar, Johor

Renal failure is a global public health issue that frequently leads to kidney failure and end-
stage renal disease. Adults who have hypertension, diabetes, or both are more likely to
develop chronic kidney disease (CKD) than those who do not. Hypertension has been
linked to a faster progression of CKD. Many studies have shown that treating hypertension
patients with CKD can slow the rate of glomerular filtration rate decline (GFR). This study
was conducted to evaluate creatinine level as early detection in changes of glomerular
filtration rate among hypertensive patients. The creatinine level was measured using
Jaffe's method in biochemistry analyser. The repeated ANOVA calculation method was
used to measures the glomerular filtration rate parameter. This study was an analytical
study that measures the calculation of eGFR patients for 3- year reading. Samples (n=140)
were collected in tubes of a plain tube. The plasma is analysed using biochemistry
analyser, Beckman Coulter AU 480. Data were collected and analysed using SPSS version
25. As a result, no statistically significant (p>0.112) between the year 2019 to 2021
measurement. In conclusion, the value of eGFR in serum creatinine of hypertensive
patients has no significant difference between 3 years, thus making no necessity to send
for further test such as cystatin C, to detect early kidney disease. This allows medical
practitioners to only monitor the eGFR value in serum creatinine.

Keywords: creatinine,estimated glomerular filtration rate,hypertension,kidney failure

PREVALENCE OF DENGUE CASES DURING RESTRICTION MOVEMENT ORDER AT
KLINIK KESIHATAN MASAI

Ismadi Surry Lisius 1,2 , Madam Izreen Supa’at 1

1Faculty of Health Sciences , Universiti Selangor
2 Klinik Kesihatan Masai

Prevalent cases of dengue fever are on the rise during movement-controlled order
(MCO). Dengue causes a substantial burden to the patients not only physical pain but
also economic hardship to them and their family. Due to the spread of Covid19, not
only health workers but all sections of society are more focused on breaking this chain
than continuing to rise. This is because the symptoms reported have similarities with
Covid19. This causes the investigation to identify dengue to be slow compared to the
investigation for Covid19. This study was conducted to analyse the trend of dengue
cases during the MCO from March until June 2019 ( before MCO ) and March until
June 2020 ( during MCO period). Specifically, this study was conducted to analyse the
demographic data of dengue patients, to measure the frequency of dengue cases from
March until June 2019 & March until June 2020 and also to compare the frequency of
dengue cases in 2019 and 2020. A total of 345 of dengue patient were involved in this
study mainly lives in the district of Masai .Health Clinic in Johor Bahru. The research
design was quantitative, descriptive design and non - experimental. Method used is
non - probability of convenience sampling. The instrument used is a census from
laboratory of Masai Health Clinic. The data done analyse using the Statistic Package for
Sosial Science (SPSS) version 21.0. The statistical test used in this study is frequency
test. The result show that increasing in total cases of dengue fever during restriction
movement order for two years in March until June 2019 and 2020. Therefore,
collective and integrated efforts by all parties are essential to ensure the success of
dengue prevention on an ongoing basis. In fact, if we are concerned, various methods
can be done to prevent the spread of dengue.

Keywords: dengue fever , dengue cases trend , restriction , frequency dengue cases

THE ASSOCIATION OF HbA1C AND THYROID HORMONE STATUS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES
MELLITUS AT HOSPITAL RAJA PERMAISURI BAINUN, IPOH

Kishaanthan Balakrishnan1, Asma Harun1

1Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor
2 Hospital Raja Perempuan Bainun

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a multi-factorial disorder. Mainly Type 2 Diabetes mellitus
(T2DM) considered by hyperglycaemia which results commencing from defective insulin
secretion or insulin action or both due to social influence and changes in lifestyle. Patients
with DM are at increased risk of thyroid diseases especially those with poor glycaemic
control. Various studies have indicated that T2DM may influence Thyroid Dysfunctions
(TD). The prevalence and degree of various thyroid dysfunction between T2DM can be
assess by correlating these two tests which is HbA1c and Thyroid Function Test (TFT) at
Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun, Ipoh. T2DM was detected by identifying each peak, plus
the relative percent and retention times of each peak utilizes the principles of ion
exchange high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). TFT is includes Thyroid
Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Free T4, and Free T3. The TFT test was analysed using
electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) method and d the results were classified
into three distinct level such as low, normal and high. A total of 277 out of 384 patients;
145 males and 132 females were diagnosed with T2DM. For patients with T2DM, 268
patients show normal thyroid function, 7 patients show possible sign of hyperthyroidism
and there are 2 patients have sign of hypothyroidism. Furthermore, The Chi-square test
was used to determine the relationship between diabetes and normal group. This study
did not provide conclusive evidence that HbA1c had associated with thyroid dysfunction
in T2DM patients in Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun, Ipoh, due to lack of resources among
the physicians about the correlation between HbA1C and thyroid functions test to
monitor patients with T2DM. However, supportive findings have shown that majority
T2DM patients has thyroid dysfunction

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus (DM), Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay (ECLIA), High
Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM), Thyroid
Dysfunctions (TD), Thyroid Function Test (TFT), Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

DENGUE FEVER TREND OF DENGUE INFECTION IN GOVERNMENT HIGHER
EDUCATION CENTER

Muhamad Nazri Md Nasir1, Yusmi Mohd Yunus1 , Hairani Mohd Khalid2

1 Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor

2 International Islamic Universiti Malaysia Health And Wellness Center (IIUM HWC)

Dengue infection is a life-threatening in our country hence need better
understanding for prevention and management. NS1 dengue test and combo
immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) were analysed. NS1 is
detectable during acute phase whereas IgG and IgM are primarily used to help
diagnose a current or recent infection of dengue fever infection. The dengue trend
infection in government higher education centre in Gombak was measured and the
trend was analysed. A total of 351 patients’ samples from January 2020 to April
2021 were taken and analysed. There were 7,4,3,5 and 8 positive cases for NS1 in
January, February, October, November and December respectively. For IgG and IgM,
there were 5,11,2,3 and 5 cases positive in January, February, October, November
and December respectively. The aim of this research is for better understanding of
an effective engagement strategy of dengue prevention and increase public
awareness about life-threatening of dengue to human. The trend of dengue
infection in this study is unique. This prevalence study did not show a clear cut about
the trend of dengue infection. However, this trend of dengue infection is necessary
and useful to increase public awareness of how to curb the dengue cases so that less
cases for dengue infection in the future. It is also giving a significant understanding
to public for better prevention, management and treatment about dengue infection.
In conclusion, Further studies should be conducted with a larger sample size by
using other method and testing with a modern technologies to carry out an
established researched study.

Keywords: Dengue, Selangor, Infection, and Dengue NS1.

AKTIVITI ANTI-BIOFILEM LACTOBACILLUS TERHADAP JANGKITAN
ESCHERICHIA COLI: ULASAN

Muhamad Syamim Roslan1 , Norhatiah Md Lias1

1Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor

Biofilem telah diterangkan dalam banyak sistem sejak Van Leeuwenhoek memeriksa
"haiwan" dalam plak pada giginya sendiri. pada abad ketujuh belas, pembentukan Biofilm
bermula apabila mikroorganisma terapung bebas seperti bakteria bersentuhan dengan
permukaan yang sesuai . Biofilm ialah komuniti mikrob kompleks yang ditubuhkan pada
julat luas permukaan yang secara amnya dikapsulkan oleh matriks pelindung ekstraselular
yang terdiri daripada pelbagai jenis biopolimer. EPS dipanggil 'bahan hitam biofilm. EPS
boleh berbeza dengan ketara antara biofilm bergantung pada jenis mikroorganisma, daya
ricih yang dialami, suhu dan ketersediaan nutrien. EPS pada asalnya dirujuk sebagai
'polisakarida ekstraselular' tetapi telah diubah apabila ternyata bahawa matriks juga
termasuk enzim, asid nukleik, lipid dan biopolimer lain seperti bahan "humic". Struktur
bakteria ekstrasel seperti flagella, pili dan fimbriae juga boleh menstabilkan matriks.
Biofilm membentuk Uropathogenic E. coli dikaitkan dengan keradangan berterusan dan
kronik yang membawa kepada UTI yang rumit dan atau berulang. Biofilm menyediakan
persekitaran untuk penembusan antibiotik yang lemah dan pemindahan gen virulensi
mendatar yang menyokong pembangunan organisma tahan dari ubat ubatan. Lactobacillus
digunakan sebagai Anti-biofilm dengan menggunakan sifat probiotiknya boleh membantu
melawan penyakit berjangkit daripada Escherichia coli. Daripada hasilnya, dan L.
acidophilus mempunyai keupayaan yang lebih kuat untuk melawan jangkitan Escherichia
coli.

Keywords: Bio-film, anti-biofilm, Lactobacillus, Escherichia coli

THE HEAT STRAIN SCORE INDEX (HSSI) AMONG STALL AND PETROL STATION WORKERS IN
KLANG,SELANGOR

Muhammad Ammar Abdul Rahman1, Noormaliza Hamdan1 , Tuan Amir Arshad1

1Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor

Petrol station workers and stall workers are greatly potential to get excessive hot
temperature while working especially during the middle of the day. Thus, this study was
embarked with the objective to identify the comparative result of heat strain score index
(HSSI) between petrol station and stall workers in Klang, Selangor. An expected result was
taken as data collection which is a total of 25 sample size for each, equal to 50 total sample
size was taken. A questionnaire known as Heat Strain Score Index (HSSI) was used to
determine the heat strain index among petrol station and stall workers that was adapted
from previous research for the purpose of this study. Hence, in previous research HSSI can
be used as the heat strain screening tool in the warm workplace when other heat stress
evaluation methods are not available. A chi square analysis is being used to determine the
p-value of HSSI. There was statistically significant between green zone and yellow zone of
heat strain among the workers due to the p-value is less than 0.05 (p<0.05). The findings
indicate that there is significance for this study where difference of the p-value is .006738,
which (p<0.05). It can be concluded that the hypothesis is accepted, since there is an
association of heat strain score index due to p-value is less than 0.05.

Keywords: petrol station, stall, comparative, Heat Strain Score Index (HSSI).

STRESS AND ANXIETY AMONG HEALTH SCIENCES STUDENTS,
UNIVERSITI SELANGOR DURING MOVEMENT CONTROL ORDER

Muhammad Nadzwan Aizad Ismail1, Izreen Supa’at1 , Noormaliza Hamdan1

1Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor

There is a lot of news heard on social media and also television that mentioned the public
mental health of Malaysian citizen are getting more worse during Movement Control
Order. By getting the statistics on how the current mental condition of people especially
young adult UNISEL students, it might be a help for certain organizations like the Student
Welfare Unit to provide some help to those in need. This study aimed is to determine the
mental status among Faculty of Health Sciences UNISEL during Movement Control Order.
Survey-based research which involved Faculty of Health Sciences UNISEL using Google
Form questionnaire to obtain demographic, details of programme, mental health and
stress status, distributed online and data analyzed in SPSS software. The inclusion criteria
of respondent must be adult male and female UNISEL students. Able to understand Malay
or English, not smoking and drinking alcohol The exclusion criteria include students on 1st
semester and undergoing internship. 75 students out of 77 were chosen after data
cleaning and mental health status of UNISEL students were classified by using verified
GHQ-12 and PSS-10 questionnaire and the outcome was about 24% of respondents are
having high perceived stress and psychological distress. By using the Pearson Chi-Square at
α = 0.05 level of significance, the association of psychological distress and level of stress
were resulted statistics value 24.142 with the p-value of 0.000 which considered
significant. In conclusion, this study managed to reveal mental health status of Faculty of
Health Sciences UNISEL during Movement Control. Prolonged stress can lead to setbacks,
which can hinder students' academic performance and increase the likelihood of mental
health problems at UNISEL’s Faculty of Health Sciences.

Keywords: stress, anxiety, movement control order (MCO), General Health Questionnaire
(GHQ-12), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10)

EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT CENTRIFUGATION SETTINGS ON CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
PROCEDURE, HOSPITAL TENGKU AMPUAN RAHIMAH, KLANG

Muhammad Nur Hidayat Mohd Janny1,2, Sharifah Izwan Tuan Othman1 , Hanisah Abdul
Hamid2

1Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor
2 Hospital Tunku Ampuan Rahimah

In laboratory specimen throughput, centrifugation time is a major bottleneck procedure.
In most circumstances, centrifuge samples on a swing-out rotor centrifuge for 10
minutes is recommended. But it seem too time consuming to utilise this centrifugation
setting in crowded hospital. Alternate procedure was applied in Hospital Tengku Ampuan
Rahimah Klang as replacement to manufacture’s setting recommendation, which using
shorter timing and faster RPM, 5 minutes 4000RPM. This study conducted to compare
the present of haemoglobin in serum and result of clinical chemistry aspartate
transferase (AST), creatinine kinase (CK), Total Bilirubin (Tbil), alanine transferase (ALT)
and Potassium (K+). Clinical chemistry analytes are chosen for each level severity from
slightly, medium and severe. Sample were collected from 25 volunteers with consent
informed. Next, the sample take to centrifugation process with 2 setting and the serum
of the sample were analysed with analyser Siemens XPT Chemistry and Sysmex XN3100.
The result were collected, validated and p. lotted using SPSS application. The data in
independent t-test show there is no significant different between two centrifugation
settings (P > 0.05 for all analytes). We successfully determine the reliability of the
centrifugation setting 5 minutes/ 4000 RPM compare to CLSI/ manufacture’s
recommendation 10 minutes at 1500xg/ 3400 RPM. The current laboratory’s
centrifugation setting maybe applied for clinical chemistry testing. Centrifugation setting
5 minutes/ 4000 RPM produce same quality of serum compare to 10 minutes at 1500xg/
3400 RPM CLSI/ manufacture’ s recommendation setting. This laboratory’s current
setting should be apply in same laboratory to improve turn around time without
compromise serum quality.

Keywords: Centrifugation, setting 1, setting 2, AST,Tbil,ALT,K+,CK, HB

COMPARISON OF LIPEMIC, ICTERIC AND HAEMOLYSIS SPECIMEN BETWEEN VISUAL
BY THREE OBSERVERS AND AUTOMATED DETECTION

Muhammad Shahir Mohd Redzuan 1,2, Asma Harun 1, Nur Aasyirah Zakariah2

1Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor

2Hospital Sultan Abdul Halim

Serum indices are a tool that informs laboratory personnel about potential
interferences, improves sample quality, and reduces abnormal test findings. Before the
sample is analysed, this procedure must be carried out at the pre-analytical stage. The
three types of serum indices that must be measured are lipemic, icteric, and haemolysis
of the sample. All three are critical in determining the sample's condition before it is
processed. It is well known that not all laboratories have machines that can do
automated analysis. As a result, to remedy this issue, medical laboratory technologists
(MLT) at the lab must manually analyse the sample by taking readings with their naked
eyes. This is an inescapable issue because everyone's capacity to judge and interpret
colour varies. When compared to the findings issued by MLT examined with the naked
eye, having a machine that can execute the analysis automatically can provide more
accurate and dependable results of serum indices. As a result, this study was
conducted to compare the findings of manual MLT analysis with the results of automatic
machine analysis on the specimen serum indices. So that the results of this study can
help to solve all of the problems that have previously plagued laboratories.

Keywords: comparison of serum indices, lipemic, icteric, hemolysis

PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF DENGUE TYPE 3 (DENV3) IN KLANG VALLEY

Mulya Mustika Sari1, Sharifah Izwan Tuan Othman1, Tan Kim Kee2

1 Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor
2 TIDREC, UM

Dengue is an acute viral disease transmitted by the infected Aedes mosquito,
prevalent in most tropical urban areas of the world. There are four antigenically
distinct dengue virus (DENV) serotypes, namely DENV type 1 (DENV1), DENV type 2
(DENV2), DENV type 3 (DENV3), and DENV type 1 (DENV4). The present study was
aimed to determine the DENV3 genotype collected in University Malaya Medical
Centre (UMMC) from 2016 to 2019. Complete genome sequencing of four and six
DENV3 isolates collected in 2016 and 2018, respectively, were determined. A
phylogenetic tree was constructed using the Neighbor-Joining method to elucidate
the relationship of DENV3 collected from UMMC with those previously reported. The
phylogenetic tree analysis showed that four isolates in 2016 were grouped within
DENV3 genotype I (DENV3/I), and six DENV3 isolates in 2018 clustered into DENV3
genotype III (DENV3/III). The epidemiological data showed that clade replacement of
DENV3 (DENV3/I to DENV3/III) did not result in upsurge dengue cases. Phylogenetic
analysis of DENV3 collected between 2016 to 2019 provides a better understanding
of virus emergence patterns in the local setting and their effects on dengue cyclical
patterns in Klang Valley.

Keywords: Dengue, phylogenetic, genotype

COMPARISON OF UREASE TEST AND CLO TEST FOR HELICOBACTER PYLORI DETECTION IN
GASTRIC INFECTION

Nadiatul Husna Saidin@Mohd Isa1,2, Ahmad Norasidi Mohd Raffie1

1Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor
2 Hospital Teluk Intan

Urease test is one of the important or gold standard for the detection of bacterial infection
such as Helicobacter pylori. The evidence of infection is crucial for identification for an
early and lifesaving treatment for the patient. This method is also known for the detection
of urease enzyme, a specific enzyme that being produced to hydrolyze urea to produce
ammonia and carbon dioxide. The reason this project is going on to do some comparison
in between in house urease test with clo test kit. This method needs a specification in
determination the time limit of the test and the sensitivity towards the organism.
Helicobacter pylori infection in gut system is common in all age of patient, patient within
in adult age are the target for working out this project as the production of bacteria in
adults are abundant and easier to coagulate with the test. To determine the findings in this
project, positive patient with consent is only viable for the record. All negatives’ results
will be discarded from the test and will not be recorded in the table.

Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, urease test, campylobacter like organism

PERFOMANCE EVALUATION OF AUTOMATED IMPEDANCE
PLATELET COUNTS IN MICROCYTIC ANAEMIA AT KK PULAU PANGKOR

Nor Azi Kamarudin1,2, Nur Khairul Bariyah Baharun1

1Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor

2Klinik Kesihatan Pulau Pangkor

The accurate assessment of platelet count is a critical component in the diagnosis and
treatment of hemostasis disorder. The aim of this study is to evaluate the perfomance of
automated impedance platelet count in red cell microcytosis sample and to evaluate the
impact of microcytosis on platelet count accuracy using platelet impedance method. In
this study, 105 samples with mean corpuscular volume less than 80 fl were examined.
The samples were analysed with a Nihon Kohden MEK-6510, and each sample was
manually counted with a hemocytometer. A total number of 105 blood samples included
in this study have the MCV values of less than 80 fl. There are 20 blood samples
(19.0%%) with MCV of 50-59 fl; 38 blood samples (36.2%) with MCV of 60-69 fl; and 47
blood samples (44.8%) with MCV of 70-79 fl respectively. 25 patients collected from data
were from male patients (23.8%) and 80 patients were collected from female patients
(76.2%). From the data collected, 65 patients were from Malay patients (52%), 25 were
Chinese patients (23.8%), 15 were Indian patients (14.3%). The differences in mean
platelet counts between PLT-I and PLT-M counting methods implicate that spurious
platelet count may have been released by the PLT-I methods in microcytosis samples.
PLT-I This implies a significant influence in the accuracy of platelet counts in microcytosis
blood samples. The correlation between PLT-M and PLT-I methods was calculated at r =
0.914 (P &lt; 0.05). There was a strong positive correlation between PLT-I and PLT-M
which was statiscally significant (r=.0914, n= 105, p&lt;0.005). This finding indicates that
the platelet count in impedance method is overestimated as compared to the platelet
manual method in microcytosis samples.

Keywords: platelet, impedance platelet count, hemocytometer, microcytic anemia

CHANGES OF ERYTHROCYTE SEDIMENTATION RATE, RED CELL
DISTRIBUTION WIDTH AND LYMPHOCYTE COUNT IN PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS

PATIENTS

Nur Farahiyah Che Mohd Nor¹,2, Sharifah Izwan Tuan Othman¹

¹Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor
²Laboratory Unit, Klinik Kesihatan Lenggong

Several research have been carried out to determine the link between pulmonary
tuberculosis (PTB) infection and changes in haematology parameters such as red cell
distribution width (RDW) and lymphocyte count, which leads to anaemic inducing factor.
PTB infections cause alterations in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), which
corresponds to the inflammation that PTB patients experience. Variety of haematological
abnormalities occurred in association with PTB but may be under diagnosed or even
misdiagnosed causing patients unable to receive a proper and comprehensive treatments.
This study included 50 patients diagnosed with PTB (33 males and 17 females) who were
seen in the outpatient department
of Klinik Kesihatan Lenggong. Sputum smears for acid-fast bacilli, FBC, and ESR measures
were performed on all patients. All smears were stained with Auramine O stain according
to usual procedure, and blood was drawn from the patient and placed in EDTA and ESR
containers before being evaluated on an automated cell counter (Sysmex XP-100
haematology analyser) while ESR was done manually through Westergren method.
Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 26.0 (SPSS Inc, IBM). The chi-square
test was used to compare categorical variables. Statistical significance was defined as a
two-tailed P value of less than 0.05. For non-normally distributed data, Spearman
correlation coefficients were used to examine the link between haematological markers.
The ESR and RDW values had a slight but significant connection (p = 0.042) according to
Spearmans correlation analysis. Furthermore, no statistically significant relationships
between ESR values and lymphocyte count (p&gt; 0.05) or lymphocyte count and RDW
values (p&gt; 0.05) were found in PTB patients.

Keywords: Pulmonary tuberculosis, haematological changes

ANTI-BIOFILMS ACTIVITY OF LACTOBACILLUS AGAINST STAPHYLOCOCCUS
INFECTIOUS: A REVIEW

Nur Filza Wahi1, Norhatiah Md Lias1

1Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor

Biofilms is broadly documented by the community of public health as a significant
source of pathogens. One of that pathogenic bacteria formation is Staphylococcus
aureus which characterizes a threat for human’s health causing contagious diseases
such as sepsis, abscess formation and in the worst state can leads to death. Lactobacillus
is known as probiotics and prebiotics that effectively used in the wide range for
nutritional, cosmetic products and skin treatments. The positive feedback interactions
between beneficial bacteria-bacteria is also directly involved in host homeostasis. Thus,
the elements of Lactobacillus are recognized to be used as anti-biofilm. The aim of this
study is to determine anti-biofilm effect of Lactobacillus against Staphylococcus
infectious. This study review was done by comprehensive searching manually using
Google Scholar, Science Direct and PubMed. The anti-biofilm activity also based on
results of fluorescence microscope. It showed that Lactobacillus has capability as anti-
biofilm against Staphylococcus infectious strain. This concludes that Lactobacillus
invention shows an essential role of organism potentially to prevent Staphylococcus
infectious formation.

Keywords: Keyword: Bio-film, anti-biofilm, Lactobacillus, Staphylococcus infectious

THE ASSOCIATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE LEVELS IN DETECTION OF METABOLIC ACTIVITY
OF BACTERIA IN BLOOD CULTURE VIALS

Nurshafiqah Mohd Sabri 1,2, Norhatiah Md Lias1

¹ Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor

Continuous-monitoring automated blood culture system has been found to be used widely
in the Microbiology department. However, after the vials is positive, the time taken for the
isolation of organism from the vials would still takes a long time to be reported. This can
cause delayed process of treatment to the patients. Usually, preliminary report of gram
staining will be reported at the first place, hence, treatment can be started. But this
method can cause a slight problem because gram staining method requires manual
analysis where there is possibility of human error especially during the gram staining
procedure and microscopic examination. With the wrong gram staining result being
reported, treatment given to the patients can be mistakenly done. As we know, septicemia
can cause serious complications, as well as fatal. Incorrect treatment can result in a poor
prognosis for the patient. This study is aim to associate the level of carbon dioxide content
with the metabolic activity of bacteria growing in the blood culture vials. It is done by
providing the level content of the carbon dioxide in the positive vials in form of Relative
Fluorescent Unit (RFU) for the BD Bactec FX analyzer and the type of bacteria species
isolated from the positive blood culture vials. This information is useful in the study of
bacterial metabolism and the acknowledgement of a significant content of carbon dioxide
to the possible organisms that is isolated from the positive blood culture vials. It is
conclusively proven that there is a moderate association between the carbon dioxide
content and the type of bacteria isolated from the positive blood culture vials.

Keywords: Blood culture system, bacteremia, gram stain, bacteria metabolism

ESTABLISHMENT OF ESTROGEN RECEPTOR ( ER ) AND PROGESTERONE RECEPTOR ( PR ) COLD
ISCHEMIC AND FIXATION TIME OF THE BREAST CARCINOMA AT HOSPITAL TUANKU JAAFAR,

SEREMBAN, NEGERI SEMBILAN

Nurul Ain Ruslan1, Asma Harun1, Alizah Ahmad1

¹ Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor
2 Hospital Tuanku Jaafar

Proteins known as estrogen receptors and progesterone receptors have been found in breast
cancer tissue cells. Estrogen and related hormones, such as progesterone, are required for
cancer cells with these receptors to proliferate.. Tests must be completed out by an accredited
laboratory that complies to standard testing methods and processes materials consistently.. A
standard component of a breast cancer diagnosis is a test for oestrogen and progesterone
receptors in the tumour. The accuracy of the results was important because these are used for
the best treatment. Immunohistochemistry, or IHC, is the most effective method of detecting
oestrogen and progesterone receptors in a tumour. From a sample of tissue, IHC testing can
reveal oestrogen and progesterone receptors in cancer cells. In order to get the best results, a
guideline has been issued by ASCO-CAP to obtain standards in the diagnosis of these breast
cancer cases. Among the factors at the focal point were the pre analytical, which was a cold
ischemic time, and an optimal time for tissue fixation in 10% buffered formalin. This study was
conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the ischemic time range and tissue preservation
time within 10% buffered formalin against the quality and intensity of ER and PR staining
results. All of these articles also attempt to demonstrate whether the ASCO-CAP guidelines
affect the quality factors and results of ER and PR staining. A total of 14 writings from 14
authors were chosen to help with this study. There are various method conducted for the
same purpose. The results showed no significant differences in results, and the intensity of ER
and PR staining on pre analytical factor before the ER and PR immunohistochemical tests were
performed. However, the impact on quality for ER and PR tests was influenced by the delay in
formalin fixation and the prolong time range for tissue preservation in formalin.

Keywords: fixation, histopathology, IHC, cancer

RHESUS PHENOTYPING AMONG DONORS IN TELUK INTAN HOSPITAL

Nurul Izyan Mohamad Anuar1,2, Mohd Jaamia Qaadir Mohd Badrin1

¹ Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor
2 Hospital Teluk Intan

Rhesus phenotypes are the second most prevalent in the blood system and have clinical
relevance for patients. A blood bank's primary role is to ensure that patients receive safe
and compatible blood and blood components in a timely way. Apart from ABO, the
Rhesus (Rh) blood type system is the major blood group system used in transfusion
medicine. The purpose of this study is to classify Rhesus phenotypes among blood donors
using Fisher & Race and Weiner terminologies and then to determine the most prevalent
phenotype. Additionally, this research was undertaken to see whether there is a
substantial correlation between Rhesus phenotypes, ethnicity and blood group among
donors. A total of 100 segmented random blood donor consist of (57 Malay, 32 Chinese,
and 11 Indian) were collected. Only rhesus phenotyping were performed on each sample
because the blood bag already printed with representative blood group. The result show
that Malay is the most contributor in blood donation with 57 donors. The most frequent
blood group is O positive with 43% and the probable phenotype is R1R1 with 57%. The
relationship between phenotype and race showed that Malay phenotype is 34 donors.
The relationship between phenotype and blood group showed that O positive is the main
blood group. Both result showed that the statistically not significant between two
relationship. The conclusion is blood groups do play a role in the formation of ethnicity.
These blood groups must be linked to evolution, and it probably shows how close
different races are to each other. The need for blood and blood products is growing, as
well as the advancements in transfusion medicine and science, and the growing trend of
getting people from all over the world closer together.

Keywords: rhesus phenotype, blood donor, ABO blood group

PROFILING MUSCULOSKELETAL DISCORMFORT AND ASSOCIATE RISK FACTORS
AMONG WAREHOUSE WORKERS AT BUKIT BERUNTUNG, RAWANG, SELANGOR

Nurulain Aqilah Dharmawi1, Mohd Zubairy Shamsudin1 , Noormaliza Hamdan1

¹ Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor

Manual working handlers are particularly vulnerable to risk factors for musculoskeletal
disorders. Malaysia as the one of developing country, must be addressed this issue to
ensure do not cause any damage of the physical and mental of workers. As a result, it is
produce safe and health work environment and can reduce any injuries that relate with
manual handling task at work. Objectives : This study aimed to i) to determine
musculoskeletal discomfort among warehouse workers; ii) to identify the risk factor
among warehouse workers; iii) to examine the relationship between musculoskeletal
discomfort and risk factor among warehouse workers. Method : The data were collected
using the self-reported questionnaire, Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) and
ergonomics risk assessment worksheet, Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) among 38
warehouse workers at Selayang and Rawang, Selangor. Result : The result shows that
the highest prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders within the past 12 months was
lower back (92.1%), followed by shoulders (86.8%) and wrist/hands (78.9%), knee
(76.3%), neck (73.3%), hips/thighs (71.1%), elbow (57.9%), upper back (50.0%) and
ankle/feet (26.3%). For REBA scoring 34(89.5%) respondents gained score more than 11,
which mean in very high risk score level for body posture. By using Chi-Square test, it
shows that there was a significant relationship between musculoskeletal discomfort and
risk factor among warehouse workers with p-value (&lt;0.05).

Keywords: musculoskeletal discormfort, risk factor, nordic musculoskeletal
questionnaire, rapid entire body assessment.

FULL BLOOD COUNT PARAMETER AND C-REACTIVE PROTEIN LEVEL IN COVID-19
PATIENT IN HOSPITAL TENGKU AMPUAN AFZAN

Raja Nor Arfanizam Raja Idris1,2, Asma Harun1, Shariza Ilyana Saupi2

1Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor
2Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was a causative agent
that responsible for the pneumonia outbreak or COVID-19 in Wuhan during late
December 2019. Various study has indicated that the infection of COVID-19 not only affect
respiratory system but also altered the haematopoietic system as well. Current study
investigated the association between the parameter of full blood count test particularly
for haemoglobin, platelet, white blood cell count and differential types of white blood
cells and evaluation of c-reactive protein level in two categories of positive COVID-19
patients. A total number of 50 patients were selected from Pusat Kuarantin Rawatan
COVID-19 (PKRC) and ICU ward that represented for mild and severe category
respectively. There are three principles applied to evaluate the values of each parameter
in full blood count test from whole blood samples which includes flow cytometry, direct
current sheath flow and Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) -Hemoglobin channel, and the result
were tabulated according to the normal ranges of the variables. C-reactive protein were
analyzed based on Immuno-turbidimetric principle for the quantitative determination of
C-reactive protein in serum samples. The statistical analysis founded that there were
significant association between the values of hemoglobin, white cells count and c-reactive
protein in two groups of subjects (p value <0.05). Nonetheless, there was no significant
difference in the values of platelet in both groups (p value >0.05). The result of each type
of white blood cells revealed that only neutrophils and lymphocytes has meaningful
difference against groups of research participants (p value <0.05), that might be
considered as the most affected types of white blood cells in COVID-19 infection. Finally,
due to the limited scope of research in this field, the analysis may provide additional
information as well as ideas for future studies.

Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Full blood count, C-reactive protein, White blood cells,
Hemoglobin, Platelet, Neutrophil, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Eosinophils, Basophils,
Cytokine storm, Thrombopenia, Leukocytosis, Lymphopenia

DETECTION OF COMMUNITY ACQUIRED METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS
AUREUS IN CLINICAL SAMPLE HOSPITAL PUTRAJAYA USING DISC DIFFUSION METHOD

Rozihatullaily Ahmad Radzi1 , Sarimah Mat Nawi1

1 Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor
2 Hospital Putrajaya

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a bacterium that causes infections
in different parts of the body. It is tougher to treat than to prevent from most strains of
S. aureus because of its resistant to some commonly used antibiotics. Arguments on
misdiagnosis has been a controversial issue. Molecular typing methods have been
produced to define the transmission routes and the source of infection during
epidemiological investigations in order to ward off these events. The purpose of this
study is to assess methicillin-resistant by phenotypic approach to compare with disc
diffusion method and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) outcome.A total of 1392
samples were obtained from clinical samples at Hospital Putrajaya. 54% of the samples
are from females, whereas 46% come from males.Nine (9) isolates were categorised as
true CA-MRSA based on the CDC criterion of no hospital-associated risk factors and the
results of SCCmec typing. Among them were eight (8) isolates positive for SCCmec type
IV.Given the rising incidence of MRSA infections, the development of reliable, accurate,
and speedy assays for MRSA detection is critical for both antibiotic therapy and infection
control measures.This emphasises the need of diagnosing CA-MRSA using established
diagnostic procedures such as molecular characterisation using polymerase chain
reaction (PCR) and antibiotic susceptibility profiles in order to avoid treatment
mistakes.Effective control of MRSA transmission in the community will very certainly
necessitate effective control of nosocomial MRSA transmission.Handwashing, using
gloves, gowns, and masks, isolating MRSA patients, often decolonizing the hospital
environment, and using suitable disinfectants in clinical settings are all likely to help
prevent MRSA spread.

Keywords: methicillin, pcr, MRSA, Staphylococcus aureus

CHARACTERIZATION OF HA REGION OF INFLUENZA B VIRUS ISOLATED
FROM SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTION (SARI) PATIENTS

Sheila Koh Siau Yee 1,2 , Norhatiah Md Lias 1 , Tengku Rogayah Tengku Abd Rashid 2

1 Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor
2 Virology Unit, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health

Studies found influenza B virus can cause severe illness and mortality in some hospitalized
cases. Therefore, there is the potential involvement of mutation in the HA region of
Influenza B virus isolated from severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) patients’ samples
associated with varying severity or mortality rates caused by Influenza B. This study aims
to characterize the hemagglutinin (HA) region of the influenza B virus isolated from SARI
patients’ samples. There were random 62 archived SARI respiratory samples recruited
from Virology Unit, Institute for Medical Research (IMR). 18 out of 62 (29%) SARI samples
have shown Ct value ≤30 and selected RNA samples were proceeded to amplification of
HA region. Partial of HA genes in these selected samples were sequenced using reverse
transcription- polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and analyzed using bioinformatics
software (ChromasPro and MEGA 6.0). Based on the phylogenetic analysis, all the isolates
were belonged to B/Victoria lineage, and there were 3 differences in nucleotide (location
395, 471, and 585) of our isolated partial HA gene compared to B/Idaho/02/2020 strain.
However, it concluded as a silent mutation. Moreover, there were no nucleotides
differences between our isolates and non-severe SARI cases on GenBank. However, few
nucleotide changes were found when our isolates compared to severe SARI cases on
GenBank and it also appeared as silent mutations. Therefore, the variety of severity and
mortality among SARI patients believed not associated with the mutation in the HA region.
Fresh samples with a higher yield of RNA concentration are highly recommended to be
included in inclusion criteria and the recommended sample size by Raosoft® should be
achieved for future studies.

Keywords: Influenza B Virus, Hemaglutinin (HA), Charaterization, Mutation, Severe Acute
Respiratory Infection (SARI)

EVALUATION OF LEUCOCYTES DIFFERENTIAL COUNT USING 3 PARTS AND 5 PARTS
HAEMATOLOGY ANALYSER AMONG CANCER PATIENTS IN KLINIK KESIHATAN DARO

Siti Hanisah Abu Bakar1, Yusmi Mohd Yunus1

1 Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor
2Klinik Kesihatan Daro

Chemotherapy is a treatment for cancer patient. This treatment is used to kill the
damage or kill cancer cells. Various medicines used as chemotherapy to treat cancer
can cause temporary drops in WBC numbers. White blood cell numbers begin to
decline a few days after chemotherapy is delivered and reach their lowest point in the
second or third week. Blood counts are checked before each chemotherapy round to
confirm that they have returned to the normal range. Blood tests to assess cell counts
are performed at regular intervals throughout chemotherapy. Complete Blood Counts
(CBC), or 'Hemograms,' are the terms for these tests. Total leukocyte counts, or TLCs,
are a measure of the number of white blood cells in the body. The absolute
neutrophils count is a more precise count (ANC). Neutrophils are a kind of white blood
cell, and their numbers are a good predictor of how effectively the body can handle
bacterial infections. Therefore, this study was done to evaluate the Leucocytes
Differential Count (LDC) using 3-parts analyser and 5-parts analyser among cancer
patient. The three-part analyzer can distinguish between three distinct types of WBCs:
neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes. Basophils and eosinophils cannot be
distinguished. Meanwhile, all WBC kinds may be distinguished using a 5-part cell
counter (neutrophils, lymphocytes, basophils, eosinophils, and monocytes). In this
study, only three types of white blood cells will be evaluated (Neutrophile, Lymphocyte
and Monocytes). The statistical analysis indicates that there is no significant difference
in the Neutrophile, Lymphocytes and Monocyte cells count in 3-parts and 5-parts
analyser which is the p-value > 0.05. Therefore, it was concluded that the three white
blood cells count are same but the 3-parts analyser cannot used as the analyser to
process the samples for cancer patients because it cannot count the other two white
blood cells, eosinophile and basophile.

Keywords: haematology analyzer, leukocytes differential counts, cancer

GENE EXPRESSION PROFILING IN THE LIVER OF GOTO-KAKIZAKI RAT TREATED WITH
SAGO RESISTANT STARCH

Siti Mastura Abdul Aziz1,2 , Nazif Samat @ Darawi1

1 Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor
2 Endocrine Unit, Institute for Medical Research

Resistant starch (RS) administration has been known able to improve the glucose
intolerance and insulin resistance. In particular, RS Sago (Metroxylon sagu) was reported
to be associated with postprandial hyperglycemia improvement and diabetes
management such as carbohydrate digestion inhibition in the gastrointestinal tract.
However, the antidiabetic properties of RS Sago from Sarawak associated with hepatic
glucose production has not been reported elsewhere and the mechanisms are still
uncertain especially at the molecular level. Furthermore, an understanding of these gene
expression profiles is valuable for potential effective and affordable health supplements.
Thus, the objective of this study is to identify the genes associated with glucose lowering
effects by RS Sago using samples from diabetic rats Goto-Kakizaki liver tissues that have
been administered with water (control), Hi-Maize (positive control), sago RS2 and RS4
using Rat Glucose Metabolism RT² Profiler PCR Array which consist of 84 genes. The
results showed several significantly up and downregulated genes in Sago treated
diabetic rats. RS2 displayed a significantly upregulated Taldo1 gene whereas G6pc, Sdhb
and Rplp1 genes were significantly downregulated. As for RS4 treated diabetic rats,
Idh3g gene was significantly upregulated whereas G6pc, Pdk3, Eno3, Sdhb, Galm and Tkt
genes were significantly downregulated. These genes involve in the glucose and
glycogen metabolisms which associated with blood glucose homeostasis. In conclusion,
our local sago is highly potential in managing diabetes as the genes identified might be
useful as therapeutic targets in reducing hepatic glucose output.

Keywords: Type 2 diabetes; Goto-Kakizaki; sago resistant starch; gene expression array;
hepatic glucose regulation

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LUNG FUNCTION STATUS AND SYMPTOMS,

ACTIVITY AND SOCIAL LIFE IMPACTS OF WELDERS IN BANGI, SELANGOR

Siti Nur Syahirah Jasni1, Fauzana Mustaffa1, Erna Haryani Amaludin1

1Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor

One of the common process in the industries such as construction, mining,
petrochemical and shipping is welding. A small quantity of metals is vaporized by heat
and welding fumes are emitted into the air, which can affect the health of the welders.
Inhalation exposure were involved in welding process and they resulted in chronic
respiratory disease. In Malaysia, chemicals identified as hazardous to health with their
allowable emission limits (PEL) have been listed under the Occupational Safety and
Health Act 1994, Use and Standards of Exposure of Chemical Hazardous to Health
Regulation (USECHH) and must be complied with by the employer. This study is
conducted to determine the correlation between lung function status and symptoms,
activity and social-life impacts on welders. This study has taken place in grille fabrication
shops in Bangi, Selangor. A non-probability sampling method were used for 35
respondents in this study which involves method of measuring lung function status and
distribution of St George Respiratory Questionnaires. Based on the data, the result had
showed that there is were significant correlation between lung function and symptoms
p = 0.010, activity, p = 0.186 and social-life impacts, p = 0.60. In order to reduce the
exposure of the symptoms in breathing difficulties it has to eliminate fumes from the
area and guarantee that there is enough clean breathing air which is use an exhaust
hood. In conclusion, there is significant relationship between lung function and
symptoms, activity and social-life impacts on welders.

Keywords: lung function status, symptoms, activity, social-life impacts, welders,
welding, Spirometer (Hi-101 chestgraph), St George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ)

CHEMOTHERAPHY EFFECTS ON TUMOR MARKER CA19.9, HEMOGLOBIN, WHITE CELL
COUNT AND PLATELET

Vevianpreet Kaur Hullon Baldev Singh 1, Mohd Jaamia Qaadir Mohd Badrin1

1Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor

Chemotherapies are well-known for their impact on haematological profiles, including
the gradual depletion of haematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow. Despite evidence
that chemotherapy has significant side effects, particularly on the haematological
profile, there has been little study on the changes in haematological parameters in
pancreatic cancer patients before and after chemotherapy. The intent of this study is to
evaluate the effects of chemotherapy on the tumour marker CA19-9, haemoglobin,
white cell count, and platelet count. Serum CA 19-9 levels have been investigated in a
number of clinical situations to see whether they may be utilised as a surrogate measure
of chemotherapy response. There is a substantial variation in the ca19.9, haemoglobin,
white cell count, and platelet findings of patients with Ca19.9 of all ages and sexes
following chemotherapy sessions that are lower, normal, or greater white cell count and
platelets from the prior count. All cancer patients with detailed demographic
information such as age, gender, diagnosis, and treatment, as well as medical data such
as haematological profiles in pre- and post-chemotherapy treatments. Cancer is also
significantly associated to age, as per the study findings. Chemotherapies can have an
effect on a person's Red Blood Cells, and with a lower RBC count, the amount of oxygen
moving through the body decreases. Following chemotherapy, bone marrow cells are
unable to make RBCs at a regular pace. In terms of white blood cell level, the results
show that the difference in mean score between post and pre chemotherapy patients is
not statistically significant. In terms of platelet level, the results show that the difference
in mean platelet levels between post and pre chemotherapy patients is not statistically
significant. Despite its flaws, chemotherapy remains a significant therapeutic approach
in oncology and will likely stay so for a long time. As a consequence, the major purpose
of the study, which was to determine the levels of CA19-9, white blood cell, and platelet
count in pancreatic cancer patients before and after therapy, was met.

Keywords: Chemotherapy, cancer patients, white cell count, platelet, haemoglobin,
CA19.9

CORE COMMITTEE LIST

Patron: Mohd Sharikh Dali Bin Mahad
(Dean, Faculty of Health Sciences)

Madam Izreen bt Supaat
(Deputy Dean – Academic)

Ts. Sawal bin Marsait
(Deputy Dean, Student Development and Resources)

Ts Jaamia bin Qaadir
(Head of Program, Bachelor in Medical Laboratory Science (Hons)

Madam Noormaliza bt Hamdan
(Head of Program, Bachelor of Occupational Safety and Health (Hons)

Advisor : Dr. Yusmi bin Mohd Yunus (Lecturer - Scientific Communication MLS 3243)
Chairperson : Muhammad Nadzwan Aizad Bin Ismail
Co-Chairperson : Vevianpreet Kaur Hullon A/P Baldev Singh
Secretary : Aqilah Nabilah Binti Suliman
Co-Secretary : Nurul Ashikin Binti Mohamed Shahrehan
Treasurer : Nurulain Aqilah Binti Dharmawi

WORKING COMMITTEE LIST : Muhammad Nadzwan Aizad Bin Ismail
Chairperson : Vevianpreet Kaur Hullon A/P Baldev Singh
Co-Chairperson : Aqilah Nabilah Binti Suliman
Secretary : Nurul Ashikin Binti Mohamed Shahrehan
Co-Secretary : Nurulain Aqilah Binti Dharmawi
Treasurer

SPECIAL BUREAU

Registration Bureau :

1) Muhammad Shahir Bin Mohd Redzuan

2) Ismadi Bin Surry Lisius

Publicity Bureau :

1) Rozihatullaily Binti Ahmad Radzi

2) Nurshafiqah Binti Mohd Sabri

3) Thipanithran A/L Subramaniam

4) Kishaanthan A/L Balkrishnan

5) Asvini A/P Manikian

Blogspot Bureau :

1) Edmond Ubil Zulkifli

2) Nurul Izyan Bte Mohamad Anuar

3) Muhammad Nur Hidayat Bin Mohd Janny

4) Mohd Faiz Shazwan Bin Mohd Pauzi

5) Indriani Binti Indar

6) Azreen Zariza Binti Alias

Facebook Page Bureau :

) Shiqah Binti Mohd Razali

2) Rosyida Nabila Binti Rozali

3) Nor Azi Binti Kamarudin

4) Nur Farahiyah Binti Che Mohd Nor

5) Raja Nor Arfanizam Binti Raja Idris

6) Eric Sharvin A/L David

Protocol Bureau :

1) Muhammad Ammar Bin Abdul Rahman

2) Nur Feriza Binti Mohamad Fozi

3) Siti Nur Syahirah Binti Jasni

4) Jayaram A/L Sakaraj

5) Christine Binti Ricky

6) Siti Mastura Binti Abdul Aziz

Certificate Bureau :

1) Sheila Koh Siau Yee

2) Angelyn Ann Yeo