Introduction to the Appreciation of Ethics and Civilisation in the Malaysian Context Unit 1
LEARNING OUTCOMES 1. Explain the framework of appreciating in a Malaysian context. 2. Analyze the ethics and civilization of Malaysia according to historical development, social structure and biography. 3. Explain the appreciation of ethics and civilization according to the level of individuals, families, communities and communities.
SYNOPSIS ● Introduction to Ethics and Civilization. ● Tracing the timeline of ethics and civilization based on pre-colonial, colonial, and post-colonial eras. ● Framework for analyzing ethics and civilization with reference to Malaysia's history, social structure, and biographies. ● Appreciating ethics and civilization according to stages - individual, family, community, and society (local and global). ● Appreciating ethics and civilization within the context of society, nation, and the market.
CONTENT 1. Introduction to Ethics and Civilisation. 2. Timeline of Ethics and Civilisation based on the precolonial, colonial and post-colonial eras. 3. Analysis framework of Ethics and Civilisation based on the ‘Malaysian mold’ through history, social structure, and biography. 4. Internalisation of Ethics and Civilisation based on individual, community, and society (local and global). 5. Internalisation of Ethics and Civilisation in the context of society, state (country), and market.
Ethics and Civilisation Ethics and civilization are important in any society to: • Cultivate a highly cultured society. • Foster mutual respect among members of the community. • Build a harmonious and united nation. "Harmony can be achieved when every citizen understands and fulfills their responsibilities, and stays away from sensitive issues." Tan Sri Lee Lam Thye
BRAINSTORM! What makes a person civilised? Give an example.
A person is considered civilized when they demonstrate a set of values, behaviors, and attitudes that promote harmony, respect, and cooperation within society. This includes aspects such as: • Respect for Others: Treating people with dignity, empathy, and fairness regardless of differences in background, beliefs, or opinions. • Adherence to Laws and Regulations: Following societal rules and legal frameworks that are designed to ensure justice, equality, and order. • Cultural Awareness and Appreciation: Valuing diverse cultures, traditions, and perspectives while embracing inclusivity and tolerance. • Education and Intellectual Development: Continuous learning, critical thinking, and knowledge-sharing contribute to personal growth and societal progress. • Ethical Decision-Making: Making moral choices based on ethical principles such as honesty, integrity, compassion, and responsibility towards others.
• Manner refers to good courtesy, proper behaviour, and politeness. It encompasses character, behaviour, and the use of language in a respectful and orderly manner. • A person with good manners exemplifies civility and has elevated their quality of life. This includes the civilization system and the stage of social development within a nation, as well as the social and cultural progress achieved by that nation. MANNER (ADAB) A person with good manners does not raise their voice when communicating with others but instead speaks politely and respectfully.
TRADITION (ADAT RESAM) • encompasses traditional practices, social norms, and polite behaviours that are deeply ingrained in Malaysian society • plays a significant role in interpersonal interactions, formal gatherings, and daily life, reflecting the values of respect, courtesy, and harmony • Regional, diversed • Eg: Wedding • Malaysia
CUSTOMS (ADAT ISTIADAT) • Customs or "adat istiadat" refer to a set of rules and traditions that are observed systematically and meticulously. • These customs are typically observed during formal occasions that involve high protocol and ceremonial layouts. • E.g. The King’s coronation, royal wedding, university convocation, etc.
Ethics •A set of moral principles and values that guide an individual's behaviour and decision-making. •Involving distinguishing right from wrong and choosing to act in a way that aligns with one's values and the expectations of society •About doing the right thing and treating others with fairness and respect.
• The credibility or trustworthiness of a person, organization, or idea is used to establish authority, expertise, or character in persuasive communication. • It is established through demonstrating relevant expertise, citing credible sources, using appropriate tone and language, and showing audience interests are considered. • It can also refer to the guiding values or character of a community or culture, shaping the identity and behaviour of a group of people. Ethos
Etiquette • Refers to the set of rules and conventions that govern polite and socially acceptable behaviour in different contexts and situations. • It involves demonstrating respect, consideration, and good manners towards others, and adhering to commonly accepted norms of behaviour. • Etiquette can vary widely depending on cultural, social, and historical factors, and it is often learned through observation and experience. • Eg- Business, dining, social & communication etiquette.
ETHICS Moral principles or standards that guide behaviour and decisionmaking, distinguishing right from wrong ETHOS The characteristic spirit or beliefs that define a person, group, or culture, influencing behavior and values. ETIQUETTE The customary code of polite behaviour in society or a specific setting, governing interactions and social norms
Timeline for ethics and civilization on precolonial, colonial, and post-colonial periods in Malay Archipelago
• in this period, the country was not yet known as Malaysia and had not been colonized. • Society upheld ethical norms known as 'adab' (manners), 'adat resam' (traditional ceremonies), and 'adat istiadat' (customs). • Migration within and outside the Malay Archipelago led to the blending of traditional ethics through acculturation within communities. PRE-COLONIAL
• Malaya was colonized during this time. • Ethics were introduced through aspects like clothing, conversation, administration, dominance, dining etiquette, and showing respect. COLONIAL
• The post-colonial period marks the modern era. • Communities have encountered diverse and hybrid forms of ethics, either directly or via technology. • These blended ethical values manifest in both formal and informal aspects of our lives. • A major concern is the decline of traditional traits, behaviours, and languages, attributed to a lack of learning and internalizing the ethics and civilization of their own country. Post-colonial (modern) Modern Ethics (Adab, Adat Istiadat, Adat Resam, Ethics, ethos and etiquette) POST-COLONIAL Mixed
The framework for analyzing ethics and civilization based on Malaysian references through history, social structure, and biography
• The level of understanding and appreciation of ethics and civilization varies and is influenced by the historical development, social structure, and biography of the relevant community.
The level of internalisation of ethics and civilization is different and is influenced by the social structure.
The level of internalisation of ethics and civilisation is different and is influenced by the biography. E.g. Tunku Abdul Rahman.
The appreciation of ethics and civilization in the perspectives of individual, family, community, and society levels (local and global)
Individual Family Institution Community Society
The appreciation of ethics and civilization according to the context of society, nation, and market
Society & nation market
• Form groups of four with friends from the same country. • Each group member should contribute ideas and information to create a 5-minute sharing (which will be scheduled randomly for next week) Task: 1. What is the role of ethics in shaping good attitudes in a particular field of work? 2. State the ethical principles that a student should embody to cultivate noble character within yourself. 3. Every society is rich in customs and taboos. List 5 taboos put in place in your society and the benefits behind these practices. Diversity Discovery
Merci
JAWATANKUASA PEMBANGUNAN MODUL DAN VIDEO MODUL PENGHAYATAN ETIKA DAN PERADABAN INSTITUT KAJIAN ETNIK (KITA-UKM) Prof. Ulung Datuk Dr. Shamsul Amri Baharuddin (KITAUKM) Prof. Dr. Mansor Mohd Noor (KITA-UKM) Prof. Madya Dr. Fazilah Idris (PUSAT CITRA-UKM) Prof. Madya Dr. Nazri Muslim (PUSAT CITRA-UKM) Prof. Madya Dr. Mohd Sobhi Ishak (SMMTC-UUM) Prof. Madya Dr. Dr. Shamrahayu Ab Aziz (UIAM) Prof. Madya Dr. Mohd Mahadee Ismail (UPM) Dr. Hairol Anuar Mak Din (KUIS) Dr. Nur Azlili Hasan (UTAR) Ahmad Zul Hakimi Hassim (KITA-UKM)