CHALK -BROWED 201 MOCKINGBIRD @Rio de Janerio The chalk -browed mockingbird (Mimus saturninus) is a bird found in most of Brazil, and parts of Bolivia, Uruguay, Paragu ay, Argentina, and Suriname. It's a bird of open wooded areas, including urban and suburban gardens. It feeds on fruits, insects and small vertebrates. Brownish - gray above and pale below with a white -tipped tail. Note the conspicuous broad white eyebrow. May become stained by local soils and appear browner. TROPICAL KINGBIRD @Rio de Janerio The tropical kingbird (Tyrannus melancholicus) is a large tyrant flycatcher. The head is pale gray, with a darker eye mask, an orange crown stripe, and a heavy gray bill. The back is grayish - green, and the wing and forked tail are brown. The throat is pale gray, becoming olive on the breast, with the rest of the underparts being yellow. The sexes are similar, but young birds have pale buff edges on the wing coverts.
202 YELLOW-CHEVRONED PARAKEET @Rio de Janerio The yellowchevroned parakeet (Brotoger is chiriri) is native to tropical South America south of the Amazon River basin from central Brazil to southern Bolivia, P araguay, and northern Argentina . The bird is 20– 25 cm in length, and is mostly light green in color. It has a trailing yellow edge on its folded wings, which is also seen when the bird is in flight. MONK PARAKEET @Rio de Janerio The monk parakeet (Myiopsitta monachus), also known as the Quaker parrot, is a species of true parrot in the family Psittacidae. It is a small, bright-green parrot with a greyish breast and greenish-yellow abdomen. Its average lifespan is 20–30 years. It has bright-green upperparts. The forehead and breast are pale gray with darker scalloping and the rest of the underparts are very light-green to yellow. The remiges are dark blue, and the tail is long and tapering. The bill is orange.
203 RUDDY GROUND DOVE @Rio de Janerio The ruddy ground dove (Columbina talpacoti) is a small New World tropical dove. Ruddy ground doves are small short-tailed pigeons. Adult males have a pale grey head and neck, and rich rufous upperparts, black-spotted on the wing coverts. The underparts are paler brown, the tail is edged black, and the underwings are cinnamon and black. The female is grey-brown rather than rufous, and has less contrast between head and body than the male. PICAZURA PIGEON @Rio de Janerio The picazuro pigeon (Patagioenas picazuro) is a pigeon native to South America. It is a large pigeon with a wingspan of up to 22 inches and can weigh as much as 1 pound. It is a brown bird with white dashes on the back of its neck and darker brown wing patterns. It is similar in appearance to the spotted dove.
204 BREWER’S BLACKBIRD @San Francisco, CA Brewer's blackbird (Euphagus cyanocephalus) is a medium-sized New World blackbird. It is named after the ornithologist Thomas Mayo Brewer. Adult males have black plumage with an iridescent purple head and neck and glossy bluish-green highlights on the rest of the body. The feet and legs are black and the eye is bright yellow. The female is brownish-grey with slight hints of the male's iridescence. The female's eye is dark brown, while the male's is bright yellow. Overall, they resemble the eastern member of the same genus, the rusty blackbird; the Brewer's blackbird, however, has a shorter bill and the male's head is iridescent purple. This bird is often mistaken for the common grackle but has a shorter tail. The call is a sharp check which is also distinguishable. This bird is in a different family from the Eurasian blackbird. ZEBRA DOVE @Oahu, Hawaii The zebra dove (Geopelia striata) also known as barred ground dove, is a bird of the dove family, Columbidae. The birds are small and slender with a long, narrow tail. The upperparts are brownish-grey with black-andwhite barring. The underparts are pinkish with black bars on the sides of the neck, breast and belly. The face is blue-grey with bare blue skin around the eyes. There are white tips to the tail feathers. Juveniles are duller and paler than the adults. They can also have brown feathers.
205 The American herring gull or Smithsonian gull (Larus smithsonianus or Larus argentatus smithsonianus) is a large gull that breeds in North America. Breeding adults have a white head, rump, tail, and underparts and a pale gray back and upperwings. The wingtips are black with white spots known as "mirrors" and the trailing edge of the wing is white. The underwing is grayish with dark tips to the outer primary feathers. The legs and feet are normally pink but can have a bluish tinge, or occasionally be yellow. The bill is yellow with a red spot on the lower mandible. The eye is bright, pale to medium yellow, with a bare yellow or orange ring around it. In winter, the head and neck are streaked with brown. WESTERN GULL @San Francisco, CA The western gull (Larus occidentalis) is a large white-headed gull that lives on the west coast of North America. The western gull has a white head and body, and gray wings. It has a yellow bill with a red subterminal spot (this is the small spot near the end of the bill that chicks peck in order to stimulate feeding). It closely resembles the slaty-backed gull (Larus schistisagus). AMERICAN HERRING GULL @San Francisco, CA
COMMON WAXBILL 206 @Oahu, Hawaii The common waxbill (Estrilda astrild), also known as the St Helena waxbill, is a small passerine bird belonging to the estrildid finch family. It is a small bird, 4 to 5 inches in length with a wingspan of 4 1/2 inches and a weight of 3/5 to 3/4 ounce. It has a slender body with short rounded wings and a long graduated tail. The bright red bill of the adult is the colour of sealing wax giving the bird its name. The plumage is mostly grey-brown, finely barred with dark brown. There is a red stripe through the eye and the cheeks and throat are whitish. There is often a pinkish flush to the underparts and a reddish stripe along the centre of the belly depending on the subspecies. The rump is brown and the tail and vent are dark. Females are similar to the males but are paler with less red on the belly. Juveniles are duller with little or no red on the belly, fainter dark barring and a black bill. JAVA SPARROW @Oahu, Hawaii The Java sparrow (Lonchura oryzivora), also known as Java finch, Java rice sparrow or Java rice bird, is a small passerine bird. The adult is unmistakable, with its grey upperparts and breast, pink belly, white-cheeked black head, red eye-ring, pink feet and thick red bill. Both sexes are similar. Immature birds have brown upperparts and pale brown underparts, and a plain head. Very young birds have a black beak with a pink base.
EASTERN 207 BROWN PELICAN @San Francisco, CA The brown pelican has an 18 -inch long bill and large throat pouch. Its head is white in front and dark brown behind, extending down the neck and back. During the breeding season, the white plumage turns a vibrant yellowish -gold color. Silver -gray feathers cover the rest of the pelican's body. The brown pelican weighs about 9 pounds and has a 6 -foot wingspan. Text Source: https://tpwd.texas.gov/hunt wild/wild/species/bpelican/ RED CRESTED CARDINAL Oahu, Hawaii The red -crested cardinal (Paroaria coronata) is a songbird, the species belonging to the family of the tanagers (Thraupidae). This is a medium -sized species showing a red head, with a red bib and a short red crest that the bird raises when excited. Belly, breast and undertail are white, with a gray back, wings, and tail. Wing coverts are gray, but the primaries, secondaries, and rectrices show a darker gray. Juveniles are similar to the adults, but they show a dull brownish orange head and bib.