Percubaan biologi K2, september 2021

SMK BUNDU TUHAN RANAU

13

Section A
Bahagian A
[60 markah / marks]
Answer all question in this section
Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini

1 Rajah 1 menunjukkan struktur satu sel tumbuhan , P
Diagram 1 shows the structure of a plant cell, P

(a) Namakan struktur berlabel X dan Y.
Name the structure labelled X and Y.
X : __________________________________________________________________________________
Y: __________________________________________________________________________________
[2 markah / marks]

(b) Nyatakan fungsi bagi W
State the function of w.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
[ 1 markah / marks]

(c) Sel tumbuhan direndam dalam air suling selama setengah jam.
Plant cell P is immersed in distilled water for half an hour.

(i) Terangkan apa yang akan berlaku kepada struktur Z.
Explain what will happen to structure Z.
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
[ 2 markah / marks]

(ii) Terangkan mengapa sel tumbuhan P tidak pecah.
Explain why plant cell P does not burst.
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
[ 2markah / marks]

1

2 (a) Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan molekul fospolipid dalam membran plasma.
Diagram 2.1 shows the structure of phospholipid molecule in the plasma membrane.

Rajah 2.1 / diagram 2.1

Nyatakan ciri bagi A dan B.
State the characteristics of A and B.

A : __________________________________________________________________________________
B : __________________________________________________________________________________

[ 2 markah / marks]

(b) Rajah 2.2 menunjukkan struktur membran plasma. Terangkan pergerakan vitamin K merentasi
membran plasma.
Diagram 2.2 shows the structure of plasma membrane. Explain the movement of vitamin K across the
plasma membrane.

Rajah 2.2 / diagram 2.2
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________

[ 2 markah / marks]

(c) Berdasarkan Rajah 2.2 di atas, apakah X dan Y ?
Based on diagram 2.2 above , what X and Y?
X : __________________________________________________________________________________
Y : __________________________________________________________________________________
[ 2 markah / marks]

2

3. Rajah 3 menunjukkan peringkat-peringkat yang berbeza dalam suatu pembahagian sel
Diagram 3 shows the different stages during cell division.

Rajah 3 / diagram 3

(a) Namakan jenis pembahagian sel dalam rajah 3.
Name the type of cell division in diagram 3.
____________________________________________________________________________________
[ 1 markah / marks]

(b) Namakan jenis sel pada manusia di mana proses dalam 3 (a) berlaku.
Name the type of cell in humans where the process in 3 (a) takes place.
____________________________________________________________________________________
[ 1markah / marks]

(c) (i) Susun peringkat pembahagian sel itu dalam urutan yang betul.
Arrange the stages of the cell division in the correct sequence.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
[ 1 markah / marks]

(ii) Namakan peringkat P dan T. Q : _______________________
Name stages P and T. [ 2 markah / marks]
P : _______________________

(d) Berdasarkan Rajah 3, terangkan perlakuan kromosom dalam peringkat
Based on diagram 3, explain the chromosomal behaviour in stage.

(i) T : __________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

(ii) S : __________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
[ 2 markah / marks]

3

4. Rajah 4 menunjukkan sebahagian sistem respirasi manusia.
Diagram 4 shows a part of human respiratory system.

Rajah 4 / Diagram 4
(a) (i) Namakan salur X dan Y.

Name the tubes X and Y.
X : _________________________________________________________________________________
Y : _________________________________________________________________________________

[ 2 markah / marks]
(ii) Terangkan ciri X yang berkaitan dengan fungsinya.

Explain a characteristic of x which is related to its function.
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________

[ 2 markah / marks]
(b) Ali seorang perokok tegar. Terangkan bagaimana tabiat merokok ini mengurangkan kecekapan sistem

Respirasinya untuk berfungsi.
Ali is a heavy smoker. Explain how this habit reduces the efficiency of his respiratory system to function.
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

[ 2 markah / marks]
(c) Namakan Z.

Name the Z.
____________________________________________________________________________________

[ 1 markah / marks]

4

5. Rajah 5 menunjukkan keratan rentas melalui suatu daun eudikot.
Diagram 5 shows a cross section through a eudicot leaf.

Rajah 5/ Diagram 5

(a) Namakan bahagian yang berlabel A , B, C dan D.

Name the parts labelled A , B , C and E.

A : _______________________ C : _______________________

B : _______________________ D : _______________________

[ 4 markah / marks]

(b) Nyatakan satu perbezaan antara sel mesofil palisad dan sel mesofil berspan.
State one difference between the palisade mesophyll cells and the spongy mesophyll cells.
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
[ 1 markah / marks]

(c) Apakah fungsi bahagian C ?
What is the function of part C ?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
[ 1 markah / marks]

(d) Nyatakan dua ciri penyesuaian untuk proses fotosintesis pada kebanyakan daun yang tidak ditunjukkan
Dalam rajah di atas. Terangkan bagaimana ciri-ciri ini meningkatkan kecekapan fotosintesis.
State two adaptations features to the process of photosynthesis in most leaves which is not shown in the
drawing above. Explain how these features contribute to the efficiency of photosynthesis.
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
[ 2 markah / marks]

5

6. Rajah 6.1 menunjukkan keratan membujur sekuntum bunga kacang pis.
Diagram 6.1 shows the longitudinal section of a pea flower.

Rajah 6.1 / diagram 6.1

(a) Kenal pasti bahagian bunga , P dan Q.
Identify the parts of the flower, P and Q.
P : ___________________________________________
Q : ___________________________________________

[ 2 markah / marks]

(b) P dan Q membentuk sejenis organ pembiakan. Nama dan nyatakan fungsi organ pembiakan itu.
P and Q form a type of reproductive organ. Name and state the function of the reproductive organ.
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
[ 2 markah / marks]

(c) Namakan bahagian yang akan berkembang menjadi biji benih jika persenyawaan ganda dua berlaku.
Name the part that will grow into seeds if double fertilisation occurs.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
[ 1 markah / marks]

(d) Rajah 6.2 di bawah menunjukkan proses pembiakan yang berlaku pada tumbuhan secara pendebungaan
sendiri dan pendebungaan silang.
Diagram 6.2 below shows the reproduction processes that take place in plants through self-pollination and
cross-pollination.

Rajah 6.2 / diagram 6.2

(i) Apakah itu pendebungaan ?
What is pollination?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
[ 1 markah / marks]

(ii) Apakah bahagian pembiakan jantan dan betina pada bunga?
What are the male and female reproductive parts of a flower?
Jantan / Male : ________________________ Betina / female : _____________________________
[ 2 markah / marks]
6

7. Saintis memperkenalklan sistem hierarki Linnaeus untuk mengkelaskan organisma mengikut hierarki, bermula
daripada yang paling khusus hingga ke yang paling umum.
Scientists introduced the Linnaeus hierarchy system to classify organisms according to hierarchy , starting from
the most specific to the most general.

(a) (i) Lengkapkan ruang kosong dengan urutan hierarki yang digunakan untuk mengelaskan tumbuhan dan
haiwan.
Fill in the blanks with the orders of hierarchy used to classify plants and animals.

Alam Kelas Order
kingdom Class Order

Genus
Genus

[ 3 markah / marks]

(ii) Bulatkan peringkat hierarki yang mempunyai sepsis individu terbanyak.
Circle the level of hierarchy that has the most individual species.

Kelas / Class Genus / Genus

[ 1 markah / marks]

(b) Apakah tujuan mengkelaskan organisma dengan menggunkan pendekatan yang lebih saintifik?
What are the purpose of classifying organisms using a more scientific approach?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
[ 2 markah / marks]

(c) Rajah 7 menunjukkan seekor singa dan jadual menunjukkan beberapa nama saintifik dan nama biasa.
Diagram 7 shows a lion and table shows some scientific and common names.

Nama saintifik Nama biasa
Scientific name Common name
Panthera onca Jaguar / Jaguar
Panthera pardus Harimau bintang / Leopard
Felis lybica Kucing liar / Wild cat
Panthera leo Singa / Lion
Felis catus Kucing rumah / House cat
Canis lupus Serigala / Wolf
Panthera tigris Harimau / Tiger
Jadual / Table
Rajah 7 / Diagram 7

(i) Berdasarkan rajah 7 dan jadual , apakah dua haiwan yang mempunyai perkaitan rapat dengan singa?
Kenapa ?
Based on diagram 7 and table, which two animals are closely related to lion? Why?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
[ 3 markah / marks]

7

8. (a) Berikan definisi bagi istilah berikut.
Define the following terms.

(i) Ekologi / ecology
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
[ 1 markah / marks]

(ii) Ekosistem / ecosystem
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
[ 1 markah / marks]

(iii) Habitat / habitat
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
[ 1 markah / marks]

Satu kajian tentang populasi tikus di ladang kelapa sawit telah dijalankan. Pada hari pertama, sejumlah 100 ekor
tikus ditangkap dengan menggunakan perangkap tikus. Tikus tersebut ditanda dan kemudian dilepaskan semula.
Selepas dua minggu, perangkap tersebut digunakan semula dan 140 ekor tikus ditangkap. Sebanyak 40 daripada
140 ekor tikus yang ditangkap adalah bertanda.
A study on rat population in an oil palm plantation was carried out. On the first day, a total of 100 rats were caught
with rat traps. The rats were marked and then released. After two weeks, the traps were used again and 140 rats
were caught. 40 out of the 140 rats caught were marked.

(b) Namakan teknik yang digunakan dalam kajian ini.
Name the technique used in this study.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
[ 1 markah/ marks]

(c) (i) Cadangkan satu bahan yang sesuai digunakan untuk menanda tikus.
Suggest a suitable material which can be used to mark the rats.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
[ 1 markah / marks]

(ii) Berikan dua alasan bagi jawapan anda di 8 (c)(i).
Give two reasons for your answer in 8(c)(i).
_____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
[ 2 markah / marks]

(d) Tikus merupakan haiwan perosak di ladang kelapa sawit. Bagaimanakah populasi tikus dapat dikawal?
Terangkan kesan kaedah yang digunakan terhadap komuniti di ladang kelapa sawit?
Rats are pets at oil palm plantations. How can the population of rats be controlled? Explain the impact
of the control used on the oil palm community.
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
[ 2 markah / marks]

8

Section B
Bahagian B

[20 markah / marks ]

Answer any one question in this section
Jawab mana-mana satu soalan dalam bahagian ini

9. Rajah 8 menunjukkan dua kaedah bagaimana bayi memperolehi keimunan terhadap penyakit.
Diagram 8 shows teo methods on how the body obtains immunity against diseases.

Kaedah 1 / Method 1 Kaedah 2 / Method 2

Rajah 8 / Diagram 8

(a) (i) Takrifkan keimunan
Define immunity

[ 2 markah / marks]

(ii) Bandingkan keimunan yang diperolehi oleh bayi melalui dua kaedah ini.
Compare the immunities obtained by the baby through these two methods.

[ 8 markah / marks]

(b) Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) ialah virus yang menyerang sistem pertahanan badan dan
menyebabkan Acquired Immunodefiency Syndrome (AIDS). Terangkan apakah AIDS, kesan dan
cara mengelakkan dari dijangkiti.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that attacks the human immune system and cause
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Explain what is AIDS , its effects and how the disease
can be prevented.
[ 10 markah / marks]

9

10 (a) Rajah 9 menunjukkan eksperimen untuk menunjukkan kesan auksin terhadap pertumbuhan tumbuhan.
Diagram 9 shows an experiment to investigate the effect of auxin on plant growth.

Rajah 9 / Diagram 9

Terangkan kesan auksin terhadap pertumbuhan pucuk dan akar tumbuhan tersebut pada keadaan Q.
Explain the effect of auxin to the growth of shoot and root of the plant in situation Q.

[ 8 markah / marks]

(b) Sulaiman menjalankan eksperimen untuk mengkaji geotropism dalam tumbuhan. Dia mendapati
semasa percambahan biji benih, pucuk akan bertumbuh ke atas akar dan akar akan bertumbuh ke
bawah.
Sulaiman carried out an experiment to study geotropism in plants. He found that during seed
Germination, the shoot will grow upward and the root will grow downward.

Terangkan pemerhatian Sulaiman.
Explain Sulaiman’s observation.

[ 8 markah / marks]

(C) Puan Suraya menyimpan buah epal muda bersama-sama dengan buah pisang masak. Wajarkan
tindakannya.
Mrs Suraya kept her unripe apple together with a ripe banana in a closed container. Justify her
action.
[ 4 markah / marks]

10

11 (a) Section C
Bahagian C

[ 20 markah / marks ]

Answer all question in this section
Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini

Rajah 10 menunjukkan satu profil paya bakau.
Diagram 10 shows the profile of a mangrove swamp.

Rajah 10 / Diagram 10

(i) Huraikan proses sesaran di zon I dan zon II
Describe the succession processes in zon I and zon II.

[ 5 markah / marks]

(ii) Pokok paya bakau boleh didapati di sepanjang pesisiran pantai berlumpur yang terlindung daripada
angin, ombak kuat dan arus air.
Mangrove trees are found along muddy coastal areas , which are sheltered from wind , strong waves
and water currents.

Terangkan masalah-masalah yang dihadapi oleh pokok paya bakau dan bagaimana tumbuhan ini
mengatasi masalah tersebut.
Explain the problems faced by mangrove trees and how they overcome these problems.

[ 10 markah / marks]

(b) Pernyataan berikut diucapkan oleh seorang pencinta alam sekitar.
The following statement was made by an environmentalist.

“sebagai sebahagian dari projek pemulihan bakau, pertumbuhan REDD+ yang berasaskan komuniti
Telah menanam lebih dari 10,000 anak pokok bakau dan membangunkan rancangan pengurusan
Pokok bakau dalam komuniti. Ini memastikan penebangan kayu bakau hanya di daerah terkawal,
Meningkatkan penyemaian benih pokok bakau dan penanaman semula” kata Encik Atah.

“as part of the community-based REDD+ mangrove restoration project, the community has planted
Over 10,000 mangrove seedlings and developed a community mangrove management plan. This
Allows the cutting of mangrove wood only in controlled areas, raising seedlings and replanting” said
Mr Atah.

Berdasarkan pernyataan di atas, cadangkan bagaimana paya bakau membantu mengekalkan
Keseimbangan ekosistem.
Based on the above statement , suggest how mangrove swamps help to sustain a balanced ecosystem.

[ 5 markah / marks]

11

Soalan tamat
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