Climate Change and Conflict in Uganda: The Cattle Corridor ...

What is the state of land tenure (practices and ownership) including differences between men and women, and what is
the general predicted trend for land ownership rights and plot sizes in the future?
What are some of the challenges with respect to soil conditions (e.g., erosion, salinization, and desertification)?
Is climate change contributing to land degradation? If so, how?
Land and Forests
To what extent is the area forested?
What is the historical and future trend of forested areas in the area under study?
Is there a high or low rate of dependency on fuel wood or biomass?
Is climate change a factor in the condition and sustainability of forested areas?
Water Sources and Availability
Where do the communities receive water from (e.g., well, collection, pipe)?
Are there any sustainability concerns in relation to water withdrawal?
Will current water withdrawal practices be affected by climate change? If so, how?
Water Use
What are the primary uses of water (e.g., agriculture, domestic, industrial, hydropower diversion)?
Which uses withdraw the most water?
Are there any planned projects, changes in population, or other factors that might change the current water usage?
Water Quality
How do communities and health officials perceive the quality of water?
Is it known to be relatively clean or contaminated?
If polluted, what are the sources/causes?
What water-borne diseases are endemic to the area?
How will climate change affect water quality?
Energy
What sources of energy are used and at what levels (e.g., biomass, hydroelectric, fossil fuels, biofuels, solar)?
Where do the energy sources originate from (e.g., local forest or ground cover, public or private electricity agency)?
What sectors consume the most energy (e.g., household, agriculture, industry, transportation)?
Is climate change affecting current or future sources of energy?
Is climate change anticipated to change energy demand in the study area?
Natural Hazards
Are there local or national authorities responsible for monitoring and responding to hazards (e.g., earthquakes,
droughts, floods)? What is their response capacity?
What are the most serious natural hazards likely to occur in the area under study?

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How frequently do natural hazards occur and what is their average level of intensity?
How prepared are communities to respond to a hazard event?
Is climate change contributing to the frequency or severity of natural hazards?
Econo-Environmental Profile
General Economic Indicators
What is the estimated level of income for the average family in the area under study?
Is the area’s income more, less, or similar to the country’s GNI or GDP per capita?
Is the region experiencing economic growth, stagnation, or loss?
What is the level of employment/unemployment?
Is the informal sector critical to livelihoods?
What factors are contributing to economic stability or instability?
Sectoral Breakdown
What economic sectors employ people and what is their relative importance to the local economy (e.g., agriculture,
mining, manufacturing, construction, trade, public administration)?
To what extent are key economic sectors of the economy susceptible to climate change (positive or negative)?
What economic roles do women play in the economy versus men?
Are certain economic sectors dominated by specific ethnic groups?
Do divisions of labor result in instability or tensions?
Are there economic opportunities for youths?
If not, do they remain without jobs, migrate, etc.?
Does the area produce any important exports for the country?
To what extent are these exports providing stability to the local economy?
How critical is the natural resource base to any export sector?
Socio-Environmental Profile
Livelihoods
What is the estimated total population of the area?
How rural versus urban is the area under study?
Is the population growing, decreasing, or remaining stable?
Are there obvious forces affecting the demographic profile (e.g., migration, health, economic decline, conflict)?
What is the relationship between arable land and historical, current, and future population?
What is the age distribution of the population?
What ethnic or tribal groups live in the area?
Is there a history of grievance among these groups?

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Are there internally displaced persons or refugees inhabiting the region?
In what numbers and from where?
What is the prevalence of female-headed households?
Education
What is the literacy rate for the area and to what extent is it functional?
What is the level of primary and secondary enrollment?
What are the differences by gender for literacy and enrollment rates?
How many teachers work in the area under study, serving how many students?
How does the area compare in relation to the country as a whole?
Food Security
Is the area known for chronic or severe undernourishment and periodic food shortages?
How does the area compare to the country as a whole?
What are the primary items of consumption (e.g., cereals, fruits, vegetables, meats, other)?
Has this changed recently?
What food items are grown locally?
Does the area have access to markets where local or regional food products are sold and traded?
Does the community or do individual households have a food reserve?
Is climate change affecting food security?
Health
What health care facilities does the area under study have access to?
How easy is it to reach a doctor or health center?
What are the primary diseases endemic to the area (e.g., malaria, cholera, TB)?
To what extent is HIV/AIDS prevalence a concern, and what is the general level of awareness?
How does access to health care compare with the rest of the country?
Do inhabitants have access to an improved water source?
Are there any sanitation facilities in the area?
Are changes in the climate contributing to new health problems or exacerbating the prevalence of existing diseases?

49

APPENDIX 1I

List of Persons and Organizations Consulted

Government of Uganda Samuel Odongo Otto, Member of Parliament from Pader
The Parliament of the Republic of Uganda
Martin Owor, Commissioner for Disaster Preparedness,
Relief, and Refugees Christopher Moyoyo, District Councilor,
Office of the Prime Minister Nabiswera sub-county

Ahmed Wafuba, Head of Uganda CEWERU Gateese Teopista, Senior Environmental Officer for
Ministry of Internal Affairs Luwero District
Luwero District Headquarters
Joseph Muhumuza, CEWARN National Coordinator
Ministry of Internal Affairs Moses Sekagya, Environmental Officer
Nakaseke District
Joe Burua, UNDP-CPR-SALW, P R O
National Focal Point on Small Arms and Light Weapons Rafael Mubiru, Natural Resource Management
Ministry of Internal Affairs Department Head
Nakaseke District
David Ebong, Member of Parliament
Chairman, Parliamentary Forum on Climate Change Hood Luyima, District Natural Resources Officer for
The Parliament of the Republic of Uganda Luwero
Luwero District
Elijah Okupa, Member of Parliament from Soroti
The Parliament of the Republic of Uganda

Civil Society Organizations in Uganda Michael Mpalanyi
Judy Adoko Uganda Land Alliance
Executive Director
Land and Equity Movement in Uganda John Mwebe, Program Assistant, Legal Services
Uganda Land Alliance
Ben Twinomugisha
Climate Change Activist and Formerly with Oxfam Joshua Aijuka, Program Assistant
International Participatory Ecological Land Use Management (PELUM)

Mwayafu Mjuasi David, Program Officer Joseph Mugisha, Co-ordinator
Uganda Coalition for Sustainable Development Buliisa Pastoralists Advocacy

Bernard Namanya, Executive Director Kabishanga Akonen
Climate Change Concern Buliisa Pastoralists Advocacy

Elizabeth Katushabe, Project Officer Emmanuel Tiger Baingana
Pastoral and Environmental Network in the Horn of Cattle Corridor Development and Management Initiative
Africa (PENHA)
Samuel Kaweesi
David Pulkol, Executive Director Nakasongola Pastoralists Association
African Leadership Institute
Stephen Ssenyonga
Bill Farmer, Chairman Volunteer Efforts for Development Concerns (VEDCO)
Uganda Carbon Bureau Luwero Office

Esther Obaikol, Executive Director
Uganda Land Alliance

50

Donors and Implementers

Randy Harris, Team Leader James Wole, Director
United States Agency for International Development CARITAS

Dan Glick, Regional Security Officer Guiseppe Filippi, Bishop of the Kotido Diocese
United States Agency for International Development
Akoelkin Vranes, Agricultural Officer
Barry Wojega, Senior Budget Specialist Kotido Diocese
United States Agency for International Development
Owiny Charles, Youth Education Coordinator
Bruce F. McFarland, Contracting Officer Kotido Diocese
United States Agency for International Development
Ejus Denis, Facilitator – Conservation
Dyonne Burgers, Deputy Director Kotido Diocese
International Rescue Committee
Amira Margaruet, Facilitator – Livelihoods Department
Ms Majda Ganibegovic, Regional Peace Building Kotido Diocese
Coordinator
International Rescue Committee Charles Wabwire, Program Officer
Kotido Diocese
Michael Opio, Economic Recovery and Development
Coordinator (Karamoja sub-region programs) Sr. Bibiama Amena, Diocesan Health Coordinator
International Rescue Committee Kotido Diocese

Theophane Nikyema, United Nations Resident Rose Lokin, Coordinator FAL RIGA
Coordinator Kotido Diocese
United Nations
Alaso Catheringe, FAL Trainer
Silla Ristimäki, UN Coordination Specialist Kotido Diocese
United Nations
Akello Susan, Livelihoods Officer
Daniel Omodo-McMondo, Program Officer, Environment Kotido Diocese
United Nations Development Programme
Samuel Koroma, Acting Head of Office
Stanlake Samkange, Country Director Mercy Corps
Wood Food Programme
Gilbert Buzu
Rosie Bright, Senior Program Assistant World Food Program
World Food Programme Kotido

Geoffrey Ebong, Program and Policy Advisor Guiseppe Filippi, Bishop
World Food Program Kotido Diocese

Rosie Bright, Senior Program Assistant Yusuf Logiel, National Program Officer
United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for
World Food Program Human Rights

Jimi Richardson, Food and Nutrition Security Coordinator Laurie Wiseberg, Human Rights and Senior Protection
World Food Program Officer
United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for
Agnes Atyang, Deputy Representative Human Rights
FEWS NET
James Opio
Kennedy Igbokwe, Deputy Emergency and Rehabilitation World Vision
Coordinator Kotido
Food and Agriculture Organization
Harriet Otim, Program Officer
Okoth James Robert, National Program Manager, United Nations Office for the Coordination of
Emergency and Rehabilitation Coordination Unit Humanitarian Affairs Representative in Kotido
Food and Agriculture Organization

51

Academics and Private Sector Dr. Chris Funk
University of California Santa Barbara
John Paul Baingana Dr. Gideon Galu
Environmental Lawyer United States Geological Survey, Nairobi
Tumwesigye, Baingana & Co. Advocates
Discussions with pastoralists in Kakonde village
Banya Lagol Discussions with pastoralists in Wabinyonyi sub-country
Former school teacher in Karamoja Discussions with farmers in Nakasongola district, Kalongo
sub-county, Kisweramainda village
Dorcus Ninsiima Discussions with farmers in Nakasongola district, Kalongo
Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology sub-county, Mayirikiti village
Makerre University Discussions with Nakasongola District Natural Resources
Office
Community Consultations

Peter Locheng, Former RDC
Kotido

Fr. Peter Lokiru, Karamojong Cleric
Kotido

Discussions with 22 warriors and 2 elders in
Nakapelimoru village, Karamoja

Discussions with pastoralists in Nakasongola district,
Kakooge sub-county, Kakooge town parish, Kirowooza
village

Discussions with Kakooge sub-county LC3 Chairperson
Ronald Bekelaze

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