INFORMATION ORI

Scan Your Hardware

NORUL HIDAYU BINTI AB HALIM

MOTHERBOARD ( 1 )

SATA CABLE ( 10 )

POWER SUPPLY ( 2 ) RAM ( 4 )
GRAPHIC CARD ( 6 )

PROCESSOR ( 3 ) INSTRUCTION ( 12-22 )

MODEM CARD ( 5 )

OPTICAL DRIVE ( 8 ) SYSTEM FAN ( 9 )
IDE CABLE ( 11 )

HARD DRIVE ( 7 )

1

Used in a computer is that it holds the important electronic components of the system
including the memory and central processing unit.

Helps in establishing some sort ❖ All of the system
of bridged connection between components must be
other internal components supported by the
of the system. motherboard Itself.

❖ Not all components
of your system can
be upgraded due to
limitations of the
motherboard.

Understanding its part of computer system and working properly is very important
to be able to design and build your own computer.

Main printed circuit board present in the computers
which holds the main electronic components of the system.

2

All power supplies have a power input connection, which receives energy in the form
of electric current from a source, and one or more power output connections that deliver
current to the load.

Some power supplies are ❖ Some power supplies
separate standalone pieces of have a manual switch for
equipment, while others are selecting input voltage,
built into the load appliances while others automatically
that they power. adapt to the mains voltage.

❖ What you need from
it: Overall wattage, and
rail specific power.

Power supplies have a lot of little hang-ups that can be very tricky for the uninitiated.

A device that convert electric current from a source
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3

All of the other hardware components and programs installed
in the system must pass data through the CPU before their functions
can be carried out.

The four primary functions ❖ Every other
of a processor are: component in the
1) Fetch computer serves the CPU
2) Decode by fetching and storing
3) Execute data or displaying results
4) Writeback. on the screen.

❖ A processor’s core
count can be more
important than its speed.

Performing the basic arithmetic, logical, control and input/output (I/O)
operations specified by the instructions.

Also known "microprocessor" and logic circuitry
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to antdhaptrodcreivseseasctohmepbuatseirc. instructions that drive a computer.

4

Helps your system support software. If your computer does not have enough
RAM to support all the software systems you are running, or trying to run,
they move so slow that it might not be worth running that software system.

Such a key element to how ❖ As you add more
your computer functions that RAM, you get to a point
if one storage location out where you only notice the
of a million is damaged your swapping when you load
entire system can potentially a new program or change
crash. windows.

❖ After that, adding
more memory would
have no effect.

Contains multiplexing and demultiplexing circuitry, to connect the data lines
to the addressed storage for reading or writing the entry.

A form of computer data storage that stores data and
machine code currently being used.

5

Converts digital signals generated by the computer into analog signals
which can be transmitted over a telephone or cable line and transforms
incoming analog signals into their digital equivalents.

It plugs into a computer’s ❖ Can be connected to
motherboard, and a standard one PC by either USB or
phone line is plugged into Ethernet.
the modem card.
❖ Can be connected by
Ethernet to the
"WAN port" on a
broadband router.

This is beneficial to computer users who need to use a dial-up connection
for accessing the Internet.

Internal type of modem that is plugged into the PCI slot
of a PC motherboard.

6

The better your graphics card the better, and smoother
an image can be produced. This is naturally very important
for gamers and video editors.

Can be either integrated ❖ Find out if your
or dedicated. computer’s graphics card
can be upgraded.

❖ Should learn the
terminology associated
with graphics cards.

If one uses an integrated graphics card, the chip will take resources
from the computer as it does not have its own built in memory.

Piece of computer hardware that produces the image you see on a monitor
it does this by converting data into a signal your monitor can understand.

7

Could be used in order to effectively store any type of data, such as text documents,
music, videos as well as pictures also store information which is downloaded on the
computer by the user himself.

When hard disk drive gets full, you ❖For maximum
would have to clean it in order to safety, never remove
make room for more data. your hard drive(s)
from the computer
case once they’ve
been installed.

❖ Don’t shake or
jostle your computer
case while it is on.

Amount of information that any particular hard drive could actually store
is going to be dependent on the storage space of that particular drive.

Non-volatile hardware device which is used to permanently
store as well as to retrieve information.

8

The mechanism to read and write data consists of a laser,
a lens to guide the laser beam, and photodiodes to detect
the light reflection from the disc.

Works with all types of discs ❖ The drives that allow
will therefore have two separate re-writer functions are
lenses: usually more expensive
1) One for CD/DVD than their reader counter
2) One for Blu-ray. parts.

❖ Need to consider the
speed of the drive for
reading and writing the
media

In addition to the lens, an optical drive
has a rotational mechanism to spin the disc.

An optical drive in a computer system allows you to use CDs, DVDs,
and Blu-ray discs to listen to music or watch a movie.

9

Sometimes noisy and irritating, but they perform the very important function of cooling
the computer, specifically the central processing unit.

Located inside a computer, ❖ To fix a noisy fan use
attached to the front or a vacuum cleaner to
back of its case. remove dust from the
power supply vent on the
back of the computer.

❖ If the fan is still noisy,
replace the power supply.

The size of fan you need will generally be determined by the size
of the fan fitting position in your PC case.

Refer to fans that draw cooler air into the case from the outside, expel warm air
from inside, or move air across a heat sink to cool a particular component.

10

Used so that a motherboard can communicate with an internal hard drive,
but there are other devices that can make use of the SATA cable as well.

The cable comes with a few ❖ Using shorter cables
specific purposes that are can cause timing, or noise
used by every computer for interference on the cable.
some form of data access.
❖ Use the smaller SATA
data cable to connect the
optical drive to the
Motherboard and use
SATA port directly after
your last hard drive.

The general rate of data transfer for the SATA cable has changed a few
times since its inception, but has remained high.

The SATA also known as the "Serial Advanced
Technology Attachment” cable comes with every computer.

11

IDE ribbon cables have three connection points, unlike SATA
which has just two. One end of the IDE cable and other two
are open for devices.

Standard type of connection ❖ You can only have a
for storage devices in a maximum of four IDE
computer. devices connected to
your motherboard.

❖ Most motherboards
that support IDE/ATA
have two IDE interfaces,
each interface supports
the maximum of two
devices.

IDE ribbon cables are the 34-pin cable used for floppy drives
and the 40-pin cable for hard drives and optical drives.

Sometimes called IBM Disc Electronics or just
ATA (Parallel ATA).