Atharai Publication Pvt. Ltd. Anamnagar, Kathmandu. Tel: 01-4225190, Fax: 01-4227718 3 Writing Editors Khem Nath Kadariya Uday Sharma Author Charlayne Gomes Composition A writing skill development course ï Essays ï Letters ï Narratives ï Recounts ï News Reports ï Invitations
Publisher Atharai Publication Pvt. Ltd. Copyright Publisher Edition First 2069 Layout Focus Computer Anamnagar, Kathmandu Illustration Kaji Rana Magar Printed at Triyuga Offset Press Anamnagar, Kathmandu
Welcome to the art of creative writing! Writing, as we all know, is a very important skill to learn in school. It is primarily a skill that cannot be learned through theory, but only by practice. A good foundation in writing skill will not only improve a studentís ability to communicate effectively with others, but will also strengthen their skills in their future studies and working life. Competence in writing is increasingly seen as vital to equip learners for success in the twenty-first century. Composition Writing is a series of ten books. They have been solely written for students in the age group of 6 to 16. The lessons herein are age-appropriate and cross-curricular and have been compiled and written with the sole purpose of developing a studentís creative thinking and expression. They cover the basics of vocabulary, grammar, punctuation and sentence building and focus on guided and free writing. They also deal with the techniques of brainstorming and editing. These books aim to help learners find their way slowly but steadily, to help them become familiar with some of the ways in which texts can be structured and write confidently, fluently and with understanding. Most importantly, they are aimed at developing a studentís power of imagination, inventiveness and critical awareness. The series may be used independently or alongside other English course books for the teaching of Writing Skills. Whatever the purpose it is used for, we are confident that if students go through the series conscientiously, they will learn to write well. Suggestions for improvement and correction of any errors will be gratefully received and acknowledged. Foreword
CONTENT Unit Subject Skill Practice Page 1 Picture Composition * Grammatically correct descriptive sentences. * Write clearly and concisely. * Assemble sentences into paragraphs to clearly communicate visual skills and thoughts. * Story building skills. * Writing paragraphs. * Writing a title. * Using picture prompts to write an essay. * Picture writing. 2 My Family Narrative * Capital letters and correct punctuation. * Nouns, pronouns, adjectives. * Assembling sentences into paragraphs. * Writing the introduction and topic sentences. * Writing the title. 3 The Person I Admire The Most Narrative * Punctuation. * Adjectives. * Paragraphs. * Title. * Essay writing. * Writing the title. 4 Things I Like About My School Narrative * List. * Building up on points noted. * Correct grammar and spelling. * Making a list. * Essay writing based on points in the list. * Writing a title. * Fun time activity. 5 If I Were A Teacher For A Day Imaginative * Grammar. * Spelling. * Punctuation. * Pronouns. * Interesting introduction. * Topic sentences. * Writing an essay. 6 Narrative If I Were An Animal, I Would Like To BeÖ Imaginative * Ability to visualize and put thoughts on paper. * Adjectives. * Noting details. * Writing an essay based on those details. 7 A Visit To The Zoo Narrative * Brainstorming. * Making a web. * Essay writing. * Fun time activity. 8 My Pet Narrative * Ability to write a real or imaginary account. * Adjectives. *Essay writing. * Fun time activity. 9 My Favourite Storybook Narrative * Ability to remember and recall. * Ability to put oneís thoughts down on paper. * Essay writing. * Writing a title.
10 If I Could Be A Different Age Imaginative * Brainstorming. * Writing sentences that develop around a central idea. * Correct grammar, spelling and punctuation. * Making a list. * Essay writing. 11 The Cow Descriptive * Grammar. * Spelling. * Punctuation. * Visual presentation. * Adjectives. * Writing an essay 12 Parrots Descriptive * Title. * Main idea. * Details. * Making a list showing the main idea and details. 13 Letter Writing * Writing in an organized manner. * Main idea and details. * Capitalization. * Punctuation. * Grammar. * Margin. * Titles. * Clear and neat writing. * Writing different kinds of letters. 14 Invitation And Thank You Cards * Creativity. * Fill in the blanks. * Making your own Invitation and Thank you cards. 15 Poetry * Ability to rhyme. * Creativity. * Title. * Choosing the correct words to !ll in the blanks. * Writing short poems.
Composition Writing 3 1 Picture Composition Unit 1
2 Composition Writing 3 Use thepictureprompts towrite aboutthegivenpictures. Write at least ten lines. Remember to write the titles. dark clouds heavy rain puddles people carrying umbrellas ................................................... ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ A Practice
Composition Writing 3 3 bright, sunny day, green trees, pretty flowers, swings, slides, children playing, people, benches ................................................... ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ B
4 Composition Writing 3 Now do this yourself. ................................................... ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ C
Composition Writing 3 5 A Busy Street The street near my house is very crowded. There is always a lot of traffic. Buses, vans, cars and motorbikes race down the street. Atraffic policeman controls the vehicles. He is on duty the whole day. He is good at his job. People follow the traffic rules. They wait for the vehicles to stop before crossing the street. There have been no accidents on the street where I live.
6 Composition Writing 3 A. Write three or four paragraphs about the picture. You can use the words given below. Write a title. ................................................... ......................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................... crocodiles tigers monkeys bear birds snakes elephant rabbits sea-creatures restaurant
Composition Writing 3 7 A Zoo A zoo is a place where wild animals and birds are kept in cages. People visit a zoo to see them. There are monkeys, tigers, bears, crocodiles, snakes and elephants in the zoo. There are different kinds of fish also. Many people and children have come to see the animals and birds. There is a restaurant where people can eat. A zoo is a nice place to visit on a holiday. Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3 A Place For Wild Animals And Birds A zoo is a place where wild animals are kept. I can see monkeys, deer, tigers, a bear and an elephant. There are cages withmanydifferent birds.There are crocodiles and fish also. The zoo has a restaurant where people can have tasty snacks and soft drinks. I like visiting the zoo but I feel sorry for the animals. They should be set free. Title
8 Composition Writing 3 B. Write at least three paragraphs about the picture. Use the picture prompts given below. Write a title for your composition. colourful, festival, children playing, water balloons, water guns, water, wet clothes, coloured powder, happy festival ................................................... ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................
Composition Writing 3 9 Holi The Festival Of Colours The children in the picture are celebrating Holi. Holi is the festival of colours. The children are spraying coloured water on each other. They are using water balloons. They are throwing water balloons also. Holi is a nice festival. The children are having fun and enjoying themselves. They are happy. Holi is the festival of colours. Children wake up early in the morning to play with pichkaris and water balloons. Grown-up people also enjoy this festival. They throw coloured powder on each other. They also play with coloured water. Holi is a very nice festival. I enjoy it a lot.
10 Composition Writing 3 Look at the given pictures. Write three short paragraphs about what you think may have happened. Remember to write the title. Title: ...................................................... Paragraph 1: .................................................................................... ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. Paragraph 2: .................................................................................... ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. Paragraph 3: .................................................................................... ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. A
Composition Writing 3 11 A Day To Fly Kites One day, the young boy went to a park to fly his kite.It was a nice one that his father had given him. The sun shone brightly. There was a nice wind. The boy managed to get his kite up. Higher and higher it went. He was so happy but he did not notice the tall tree near by. Suddenly, his kite dropped low and got stuck in the tree. The boy tried hard to get it down but he could not. Sadly, he broke the string and returned home. A Day To Fly Kites Johan woke up early. It was a clear, sunny day. A perfect day to fly his kite. He went to a park close to his house with his kite. There was a good wind and his kite went high up in the sky. How happy Johan was. Slowly, a strong breeze blew his kite toward a tall tree. It got stuck in the branches. Johan tried hard to get his kite out of the tree. He could not and had to break the string. He had no more kites to fly so he returned home. He was very sad.
12 Composition Writing 3 Title: ...................................................... Paragraph 1: .................................................................................... ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. Paragraph 2: .................................................................................... ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. Paragraph 3: .................................................................................... ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. B
Composition Writing 3 13 Title: ...................................................... Paragraph 1: .................................................................................... ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. Paragraph 2: .................................................................................... ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. Paragraph 3: .................................................................................... ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. C
14 Composition Writing 3 My Family Narrative Unit 2
Composition Writing 3 15 Writing Skill Always use a capital letter to start a sentence. Use a full stop at the end of a sentence. All special names or nouns begin with a capital letter. Use pronouns like I, my, our, yours, it, her, him, they, them, we and us in place of nouns. Use adjectives to describe a person, animal, place or thing. Write clearly and neatly. Write good sentences to make a good paragraph. When you have good paragraphs, you can have a good essay!
16 Composition Writing 3 All the green highlighted words are describing words or adjectives I have a small family. My father is the head of the family. His name is Rajiv Sharma. He owns a small business. My mother's name is Binita Sharma. She is a housewife. She stays at home and takes care of me. We all live together in a beautiful house in Kirtipur. My father is big and tall. He is very hardworking and comes home late every day. He is funny and makes me laugh all the time. He spends a lot oftime with my mother and me on holidays. We go for picnics and long drives in his car. He helps me with my math homework when he has the time. He never shouts at me. I have never seen him get angry. He is the kindest man I know. He is my hero. My Family Title Intr o d u ctio n All nouns start with a capital letter. Topic sentence 1
Composition Writing 3 17 TIP By using pronouns, you can talk about the same person, things, place or idea without repeating the nouns everytime. My mother is a soft-spoken and gentle person. She is tiny but we are afraid of her when she gets angry. She enjoys staying at home to cook and take care of my father and me. She keeps our home neat and clean. My mother helps me with my school work. She is my best teacher. My friends enjoy coming over because they like her cooking. She is a good cook and makes very tasty snacks. I enjoy the cakes that my mother bakes for us. She spends her free time painting and writing poetry. My dad has put up many of her paintings in our home. My parents have taught me all the good things about life. I know they love me very much. I have the best parents in the world. Topic sentence 3 Words like I, we, us, his, her, him, she are all pronouns Topic sentence 2
18 Composition Writing 3 Write an essay about your family. Write an introduction and three topic sentences. Remember to write the title. Title: ...................................................... Paragraph 1: .................................................................................... ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. Paragraph 2: .................................................................................... ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. Paragraph 3: .................................................................................... ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. Writing Practice
Composition Writing 3 19 The Person I Admire The Most Narrative Unit 3
20 Composition Writing 3 Use a capital letter to start each sentence. Use a comma to show a pause in a sentence. Use adjectives to make your essay interesting to read. Start with an introduction. Divide your essay into separate paragraphs. Each paragraph should relate to the one after it. The last paragraph should relate directly to the main idea. Write the title. The Person I Admire The Most I like and admire many people but there is one person that I admire very much. He is my grandfather. He is now seventyfive years old. He is a tall man with grey hair. He looks very strict but I know what a wonderful person he is. My grandfather used to be in the army when he was younger. Maybe that is why he looks so strict. He always walks Start a sentence with a capital letter. Writing Skill
Composition Writing 3 21 straight and tells me to do the same. He has very good manners and that is something I have learned from him. I enjoy listening to all his stories about the army and all the places that he has visited. He makes everything seem so real. He enjoys walking and we both go for long walks together. There are many good things that my grandfather has taught me. He has taught me to be a good person and never tell lies. He has taught me that a person has to work hard to do well in life. I have learned to love books because of him. He spends some time every evening reading me stories. He has a nice, deep voice and I enjoy listening to him. My grandfather is a good, kind man. I respect him a lot. He is and always will be the one person that I admire the most. End each sentence with a full stop. Keep space between words. Use a comma to show a pause in a sentence. Adjectives make your essay more interesting.
22 Composition Writing 3 Write an essay about the person you admire the most. Write the title. ................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... Writing Practice
Composition Writing 3 23 Things I Like About My School Narrative Unit 4
24 Composition Writing 3 Make a list of the things you like about your school. Build up on the points given in your list to write the introduction and the other three paragraphs. Use correct grammar and spelling. My School nice, beautiful big playground swings and slides games gym teachers garden library good habits List Writing Skill
Composition Writing 3 25 Things I Like About My School My name is Kareena Rai. I am eight years old. I study in Mary Poppins School for Girls. It is in Dhumbarahi. There are classes from playgroup to class 10. It is a girlís school so there are no boys to tease us. Myschoolisniceandbeautiful.Wehave twobigplaygrounds. One is for the younger children and the other is for the senior girls. There are swings and slides for us to play on. There is a basketball court for us. I like playing basketball and so do all my friends. We have other games like table tennis and badminton. We have a big gym and our gym teacher is very good at what she teaches us. My Principal makes sure that we get a lot of exercise. She always says that exercise is good for us. We have a garden in the front with many beautiful flowers. Each class takes turns to water the plants and clean the grounds every day. It is something that we all enjoy. We want our school to look beautiful and clean all the time. Ilike ourlibrary very much.There are so many wonderful and interesting books for us to read. In my school, our teachers teach us the subjects very well. They also teach us other important things like taking care of our belongings, sharing and helping one another. I am so proud to be a student of Mary Poppins School for Girls.
26 Composition Writing 3 A. Make a list about the things you like about your school. List Writing Practice
Composition Writing 3 27 B. Now, write an essay based on the points you have written down. Write the title. ................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................
28 Composition Writing 3 Draw a picture of your school. My School FunTime Activity
Composition Writing 3 29 If I Were A Teacher For A Day Imaginative Unit 5
30 Composition Writing 3 Use correct grammar, spelling and punctuation. Use pronouns to avoid repetition. Make your introduction interesting. The introduction can be one long sentence or a short paragraph. Remember each paragraph should have a main topic sentence. Writing Skill
Composition Writing 3 31 If I were a teacher for a day, I would do so many fun things for the children. I would make them laugh and play and be happy the whole day. I know that we all go to school to learn important things. But just for that one day, I would let the children put away their English, Maths, Science and History books. I would give them paper and ask them to draw and paint funny pictures. I would have games and races for them. I would join them in their play and I would be their leader. I know they would be happy to see their teacher running around and shouting happily. We would have the most delicious lunch that day. Everyone would have burgers and French fries, strawberries and candy, soft drinks and ice creams. I would let the children eat what they want to eat instead of rice, dal and vegetables. I would have a singing competition for them because many of my classmates have very good voices. We would have so much fun that day. If only I could be a teacher for a day! If I Were A Teacher For A Day Title Introduction Topic sentence 1 Topic sentence 2 Topic sentence 3 Conclusion TIP The introduction shows the main idea of the essay. The topic sentences support that idea.
32 Composition Writing 3 Write an essay on the topic ‘If I Were A Teacher For A Day’ If I Were A Teacher For A Day ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... Writing Practice
Composition Writing 3 33 If I Were An Animal, I Would Like To Be… Imaginative Unit 6
34 Composition Writing 3 MONKEY Adjectives clever lucky funny Food ñ bananas Home ñ trees Swings from the trees ï Lives in groups ï Think of any animal you would like to be. Write it in a box. Now note the following: - words to describe the animal - what it eats - what it does - where it lives Writing Skill
Composition Writing 3 35 If I Were An Animal, I Would Like To Be… I love animals, small and big. I think they are really lucky. They have no problems like human beings. They are free to go where they want and do what they want. They are not forced to eat the things they donít like to eat like we are. Monkeys are very clever animals. They can do many tricks. They can be quite funny. I would like to be clever and funny like them. I would like to be a monkey! Monkeys live in trees. They have a lot of fun swinging from tree to tree. How I would love that! They live in close groups and take care of each other. That is such a nice thing. Monkeys are free to go where they want. My mother always keeps telling me not to go here and there. I wish I could be free like a monkey. I would swing from the branches. I would eat as many bananas as I like. No one would tell me not to be greedy. I would sleep in the trees whenever I want. I would scare the ladies in my neighbourhood because they always shout at little children. I would do tricks to make little girls and boys laugh. I would do all the fun things that monkeys always do. That is why I would choose to be a monkey. All the highlighted words are describing words or adjectives.
36 Composition Writing 3 A. Fill in the details in the box given below. Animal: adjectives to describe the animal. ........................... ........................... ........................... food: .................................................. home: .................................................. other details: .................................................. ....................................................................................... ....................................................................................... Writing Practice
Composition Writing 3 37 B. Now take the points from your box and write an essay about an animal that you would like to be. If I Were An Animal, I Would Like To Be… ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ...............................................................................................
38 Composition Writing 3 A Visit To The Zoo Narrative Unit 7
Composition Writing 3 39 Brainstorming Brainstorming means to think about many different ideas and then show them in a web. WEB ZOO Writing Skill sleeping crocodiles monkey babies deer spotted birds elephant rides snakes bear black big sad boat ride colourful
40 Composition Writing 3 A Visit To The Zoo I visited the zoo last Saturday. I went with my parents and younger sister. The zoo is situated in Jawalakhel. My mother packed some sandwiches and fruits in a picnic basket. We left the house at 8:30 in the morning. We reached the zoo at 9:15 and went in after buying our tickets. We went to see the crocodiles first. They were all sleeping in the sun. We then visited the deer. Some were big, some were small. There were spotted deer also. I wanted to see the monkeys so I ran off with my sister to their cages. There were so many baby monkeys playing with each other. They made us laugh. We spent some time watching them. We fed them bananas. We then went to see the bear. There was only one bear in the zoo when I visited. It was big and black. It looked very sad. Maybe because its cage was smelly. My sister was hungry, so we found a nice place to sit down. My mother took out the sandwiches. They were very tasty. I did not want to waste time eating the fruits so I went to see the birds. There were many different kinds of birds in the zoo. Some of them had beautiful colours. While watching the birds, the elephant came along. People were sitting on its back. I felt sorry for it because it had to take so many people for rides. My father wanted to see the snakes next. I do not like snakes, so I stayed far. Before leaving the zoo, we all went for a boat ride. I nearly fell into the water while looking over the side. My sister kept laughing at me and made me very angry. We left the zoo at 4:30 p.m. I enjoyed my visit to the zoo and cannot wait to go there again. I hope the people in charge can get more animals so that I will have more to see during my next visit.
Composition Writing 3 41 A. Make your own web. Mention the animals/birds that you saw. Write one or two adjectives that best describe that animal or bird. WEB Writing Skill
42 Composition Writing 3 B. Now, take points from your web and write an essay about your visit to the zoo. Write the introduction and three topic sentences. Use adjectives to make your essay interesting. ........................................ ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ...............................................................................................
Composition Writing 3 43 Word game Given below are names of some animals and birds. Use each letter to write the name of any other animal or bird. d ñ ............................. o ñ ............................. n ñ ............................. k ñ ............................. e ñ ............................. y ñ ............................. b ñ ............................. e ñ ............................. a ñ ............................. r ñ ............................. p ñ ............................. a ñ ............................. r ñ ............................. r ñ ............................. o ñ ............................. t ñ ............................. d ñ ............................. o ñ ............................. g ñ ............................. Example: c - crocodile a - ant t ñ tiger FunTime Activity
44 Composition Writing 3 My Pet Narrative Unit 8 v
Composition Writing 3 45 Ability to write a real or imaginary account about a given topic Use of descriptive words Correct use of grammar and spelling My Pet I had a duck for a pet. Her name was Samantha. My father gave her to me when she was a tiny duckling. I kept her in a box in my sitting room. She was not like other ducks. She was different, very different. Samantha did notlike water, which was strange. I know thatducks love water. She enjoyedeating green chillies and popcorn. She was not afraid of my big dog but would run away if she saw another duck. One day, my father brought home another duck so that Samantha would not be lonely. But she took one look at the duck, quacked loudly in fear and waddled away. In her hurry to get away, she did not see the water tank at the back of my house and fell right into it. I had never seen a duck so frightened. I had to take her out fast and dry her. She slept on my bed that night. Poor thing! There were many other funny things that Samantha would do. She would follow me around the house like a dog. She would always make me laugh. My friends thought it strange that I kept a duck as a pet. But she was the best pet ever. I can never forget her. Samantha is no more with me. She died last year. Writing Skill