HDR 2020 - Cambodia Launch

Human Development
Report 2020

The next frontier:
Human development
and the Anthropocene

#HDR2020

Enter The Anthropocene, the Age of Humans

In 2020:
COVID-19 global pandemic
Wildfires in Australia, USA, Brazil and Siberia
Hurricanes in the Atlantic break records
Floods in Cambodia

COVID-19 offers a glimpse of what is coming
It is also an opportunity for change

COVID-19: Unprecedented shock to human development

Source: UNDP 2020b.

COVID-19 impact in Cambodia – equivalent to losing five years
of HDI progress

COVID-19: Prolonged school closures and low internet penetration

Cambodia

0.020

0.015

0.010

0.005

0.000

-0.005 1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020

-0.010

-0.015

-0.020

-0.025

Forthcoming Policy Paper, not in the HDR

High human development means high resource use

Where human
development
paths landed:
high HDI goes
with high
resource use

Cambodia

Source: Human Development Report Office based on UNEP data.
Note: Only countries with more than one million inhabitants are included. Bubble size is proportional to population.

The 30th Anniversary Report

Not another Focuses on how Moves thinking from
sustainability report. expansion of human solving discrete problems
Refreshes human development, in balance to navigating complex,
development for a new with the planet, is also an interconnected social and
geologic epoch. opportunity for growth, ecological systems.
innovation and equity.

Main results for Cambodia

Human Development Index = 0.594 in 2019 – Ranked 144

% Improvement 1990-2019

61.4 Cambodia – among the 15 best improving
52.4 countries in the World and among the five

best improving in Asia, 1990-2019

45.7 44.5

33.3

22.6

Cambodia Least Developed Medium human East Asia and the Developing World

Countries development Pacific Countries

Main results for Cambodia

Inequality adjusted HDI = 0.475 – 20% loss, mostly due to inequality in education

Inequality in all three dimensions of HDI (%)

27.3

18.1
14.3

Life expenctancy Eduaction Income

Gender Development Index HDI

GDI = 0.922 – in group 4 out of 5, the lowest in East 0.570 0.618
Asia and the Pacific, due to education and income –
life expectancy is higher for women in Cambodia Female Male

Gender Inequality Index GII

Greater gender inequality than regional average. 0.474
Education, maternal mortality and adolescent birth rate
the hotspots 0.324

Cambodia SEA & P

Planetary pressures–adjusted Human Development Index
(PHDI)

The PHDI is the HDI
adjusted by carbon
dioxide emissions per
person (production-
based) and material
footprint per capita to
account for the
excessive human
pressure on the planet

Source: HDR 2020

A new era needs new measures: the PHDI

Adjusting the Cambodia
Human
Development
Index for
planetary
pressures.

Source: Human Development Report Office.

Planetary pressures adjusted HDI PHDI

Lower emissions per capita and material footprint 0.676
per capita (tonnes) allows Cambodia to have a 0.584
better adjustment factor than the regional
average

Cambodia SEA & P

Adjustment factor Carbon emissions Material footprint

0.984 5.5 16.9

Cambodia 0.905 0.6 SEA & P 3.6 SEA & P
SEA & P Cambodia Cambodia

Navigating the Anthropocene

Report calls for a just Key principles to guide action in the Anthropocene
transformation that expands
human freedoms while
easing planetary pressures.

Report highlights three
principles are key to
navigating the
Anthropocene.

In Cambodia, nature-based
human development also
offers an opportunity to
leapfrog progress, with
innovation, efficiency and
equity

Source: Human Development Report Office.

Mechanisms for change Incentives Nature-based
& regulations solutions
Social norms
& values

Nature-based Human Development is as relevant as ever

A focus on capabilities, agency and values can reorient our approach
to the Anthropocene, so people and the planet prosper together.

Conclusion

It is time to Collectively, we Nonetheless, the Human
chart bold can pursue buck stops with development
new paths. solutions governments to that tackles
embedded in provide the inequality and
changing social leadership that empowers
norms, improving helps all of us – people offers a
incentives and from civil society pathway
working with – not to the private towards this
against – nature. sector – navigate balance.
this new age.

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