Establishing rubber budwood and seedlings nursery, module 1

TECHNICAL EDUCATION AND SKILLS DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY

COMPETENCY BASED LEARNING
MATERIALS

Sector:

AGRI-FISHERY

Qualification Title:

RUBBER PRODUCTION NC II

Module 1:

ESTABLISHING RUBBER BUDWOOD AND
SEEDLINGS NURSERY

Qualifications and Standards Office
TESDA Complex
East Service Road, South Superhighway
Taguig City, Metro Manila
Tel. No. (02) 893-8281, 8938303
www.tesda.gov.ph

Rubber Production NC II
LIST OF CORE COMPETENCIES

No. Unit of Competency Module Title Code
1 Establish Rubber Budwood Establishing Rubber
Budwood and Seedling
and Seedling Nursery Nursery
Planting Rubber Trees/ Rubber
2 Plant Rubber Trees/Rubber Seedlings
Seedlings Performing Budding Operation
Harvesting Latex
3 Perform Budding Operation
4 Harvest Latex

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

Feb. 1, 2012 1

HOW TO USE THIS COMPETENCY BASED LEARNING MATERIAL

Welcome to the module in “Establishing Rubber Seedling Nursery”. This module
contains training materials and activities for you to complete.

The unit of competency “Establish Rubber Seedling Nursery” covers the knowledge,
skills, behavior and motivations required to prepare rooms for guests. The unit assumes that
expert advice will be available in identifying potential emergencies and in formulating the
response plans. It is one of the specialized modules required to complete the course Rubber
Production NC II.

You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order to complete each
learning outcome of the module. Each of the learning outcomes is provided with Information
Sheets (Reference Materials for further reading to help you better understand the required
activities). Follow these activities on your own and answer the self-check at the end of each
learning outcome. You may remove a blank answer sheet at the end of each module (or get
one from your facilitator/trainer) to write your answers for each self-check. If you have
questions, don’t hesitate to ask your facilitator for assistance.

Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)

You may already have some or most of the knowledge and skills covered in this learner's
guide because you have:

 been working for some time
 already completed training in this area.

If you can demonstrate to your trainer that you are competent in a particular skill or skills,
talk to him/her about having them formally recognized so you do not have to undergo the same
training again. If you have a qualification or Certificate of Competency from previous trainings,
show it to your trainer. If the skills you acquired are still current and relevant to the unit/s of
competency they may become part of the evidence you can present for RPL. If you are not sure
about the currency of your skills, discuss this with your trainer.

At the end of this module is a Learner’s Diary. Use this diary to record important dates,
jobs undertaken and other workplace events that will assist you in providing further details to
your trainer or assessor. A Record of Achievement is also provided for your trainer to
complete once you complete the module.

This module was prepared to help you achieve the required competency in establish
rubber seedling nursery. This will be the source of information for you to acquire knowledge and
skills in this particular trade independently and at your own pace, with minimum supervision or
help from your instructor.

 Talk to your trainer and agree on how you will both organize the Training of this unit.
Read through the module carefully. It is divided into sections, which cover all the
skills, and knowledge you need to successfully complete this module.

 Work through all the information and complete the activities in each section. Read
information sheets and complete the self-check. Suggested references are included
to supplement the materials provided in this module.

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

Feb. 1, 2012 2

 Most probably your trainer will also be your supervisor or manager. He/she is there to
support you and show you the correct way to do things.

 Your trainer will tell you about the important things you need to consider when you
are completing activities and it is important that you listen and take notes.

 You will be given plenty of opportunity to ask questions and practice on the job. Make
sure you practice your new skills during regular work shifts. This way you will improve
both your speed and memory and also your confidence.

 Talk to more experience workmates and ask for their guidance.
 Use the self-check questions at the end of each section to test your own progress.
 When you are ready, ask your trainer to watch you perform the activities outlined in

this module.
 As you work through the activities, ask for written feedback on your progress. Your

trainer keeps feedback/ pre-assessment reports for this reason. When you have
successfully completed each element, ask your trainer to mark on the reports that you
are ready for assessment.
 When you have completed this module (or several modules), and feel confident that
you have had sufficient practice, your trainer will arrange an appointment with
registered assessor to assess you. The results of your assessment will be recorded in
your competency Achievement Record

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

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INFORMATION SHEET #1.1

LO1. Selecting Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Site

Objectives:

After reading this information materials, the trainees/Learner should be able to:

1. Identify and select site for rubber budwood and seedlings nursery sites.
2. Collect soil sample.

Nursery is a specially established area or location where plants are nursed and raised for
later field planting. It offers the advantage of producing good and healthy planting materials at
the earliest time possible with less expense. Modern concepts of establishing a rubber
plantation now takes into consideration the early return of the capital investment by using high
yielding clones and adopting techniques that will reduce the maturity period of rubber . In
culturing rubber, there are two techniques has been widely practiced worldwide; the raising of
seedlings in polybags and ground nurseries before planting in the field.

Selecting a site where the nursery to be established is the first step among the many
steps to be done in planting rubber. One may opt to choose an area for the site. For ground
nursery it is of great advantage to establish it in a hilly area or with a slope of more or less 30 to
50 degrees than in the flat or plain area because it is easy to uproot. But for those who will use
polybag nursery, a plain area is the most preferred site.

A person who plans to establish seedlings nursery must either use the ground method or
the polybag method. Likewise, for those who opt to plant huge rubber plantation, establishment
of budwood nursery is significant. Hence, in coming up with a nursery site, the following
essential characteristics are to be considered:

1. Availability/stability of water source
2. The area must be flat or undulating terrain and must be well drained
3. Ideal soil is loam soil and ph is 4.5 to 6.5 respectively
4. For seedling nursery, an area must not be shaded and with fence if possible.

Meanwhile, for budwood nursery, area must be open (not shaded).
5. The area must be passable by transportation and accessible
6. The site if possible should be near the area to be developed
7. Availability of bud wood
8. Availability of manpower (propagators for seedling nursery)
9. Market or demand of planting materials ( buyers of seedling nursery)
10. The area must be safe, secured and peaceful
11. For polybag nursery, loam soil is preferred as soil medium

Availability of Water
Source

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

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1. The area must be flat or
undulating terrain and
must be well drained

2. Ideal soil is loam soil
and ph is 4.5 to 6.5
respectively

There are two types of nursery. First, the Ground nursery where seedling stocks are
sustained from the time the germinated seeds are transplanted from the germination bed at the
required planting distances to grow for later budding. Second, Polybag nursery where the
polybags are filled with soil are placed in rows at assigned distances.

Germinated seeds are transplanted into the polybags or ground and allowed to grow for
later budding.

Ground nursery, where
seedling stocks are planted
on the ground

Site for polybag nursery

2-rows Polybag Nursery

3-rows Polybag Nursery

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Establishing nursery either in the ground or in polybags has always several advantages
than buying wildlings and planting it directly in the field:

1. Early and more or less uniform growth of seedlings.
2. Use of similar sizes and conditions of bud eyes.
3. On time bud-break promotes more or less uniform growth of bud shoots.
4. More uniform sizes and growth condition of buddings.
5. Early crop nutrition and sanitation can be facilitated easily.
6. Purity of clones from well-established and maintained budwood/source-bush garden.

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

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ASSIGNMENT SHEET #1.1

LO1. Selecting Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Site

Identification and Selection of Nursery Site

Objective:

At the end of this activity, the learner/trainee should be able to:

1. Demonstrate mastery in selecting nursery site.
2. Select nursery site according established criteria.

Assignment:

After learning the procedure in the identification and selection of nursery site, you are
going to do the following:

1. Go to the experimental farm.
2. Select a suitable site for rubber budwood and seedling nurseries.

Use the criteria below in the selection of sites. Submit these forms and discuss your
findings with your instructor.

Budwood Nursery:

Criteria YES NO
Availability of stable water source
The area is flat and undulating terrain and well drained
The soil is loam/good structured soil
The area is open (Not shaded)
The area accessible by transportation
The area is near to the proposed/planned plantation
Availability of bud wood(in case of seedling nursery)
Availability of manpower/laborer/propagator for seedling nursery
Available market or demand for planting materials (budded rubber)
The area must be safe, secure and peaceful
Is the area suitable for nursery?

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

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Seedling Nursery:

Criteria YES NO
Availability of stable water source
The area is flat and undulating terrain and well drained
The soil is loam/good structured soil
The area is open (Not shaded)
The area accessible by transportation
The area is near to the proposed/planned plantation
Availability of bud wood(in case of seedling nursery)
Availability of manpower/laborer/propagator for seedling nursery
Available market or demand for planting materials (budded rubber)
The area must be safe, secure and peaceful
Is the area suitable for nursery?

When you’re finished, check your work using the criteria below. If your work passes the
stated criteria ask your instructor to check your work. If your instructor approves your work, you
can now store it for the upcoming activities.

Evaluation:

Project

Check your work using the criteria below (Gaining all “YES” answers indicate that you
have done the job according to the required standard. Gaining “NO” answer will require you to
correct your work).

Budwood Nursery:

No Criteria Yes No
1 Soil meets the standard
2 Resources are available
3 The area is safe, secure and peaceful
4 Accessible for the transportation

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

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Seedling Nursery:

No Criteria Yes No
1 Soil meets the standard
2 Resources are available
3 The area is safe, secure and peaceful
4 Accessible for the transportation

Performance

While performing the activity, it is important that you assess your performance following
the criteria below. An overall performance of “YES” means that you are ready to proceed to next
learning level. An overall performance of “NO” means that you need to repeat the activity to
improve your performance:

Budwood Nursery:

No Criteria Yes No
1 Soil meets the set criteria for budwood nursery site
2 Location meets the prescribed criteria
3 Safety practices are demonstrated at all times

Is the overall evaluation of performance acceptable

Seedling Nursery:

No Criteria Yes No
1 Soil meets the set criteria for nursery site
2 Location meets the prescribed criteria
3 Safety practices are demonstrated at all times

Is the overall evaluation of performance acceptable

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

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OPERATION SHEET #1.1

LO1. Selecting Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Site

Collecting Soil Sample

Objectives:

At the end of this activity, the learner/trainer should be able to:

1. Collect Soil Sample.
2. Prepare soil for testing.

Materials, Tools and Equipment:

Materials 5 pcs
 Cellophane /plastic bag 1 pc
 Pail/Container 1 pc
 Ruler 1 pc
 Weighing scale
1 pc
Tools 1pc
 Bolo
 Spade/shovel

Introduction

Soil sampling is necessary to determine the soil ph and soil fertility level so that correct
amount and kind of fertilizer can be used for the optimum growth of the plant.

Procedure

Make sure that before you perform this activity, you are wearing appropriate personal
protective equipment. Never hold the soil sample.

a. Identify the area where soil sample be taken by following zigzag, S or W pattern.

b. In getting the soil sample, dig a hole 60 cm deep (minimum of 5 holes using the
pattern above).

c. Separate the top 30cm soil. The sample should be from the 30-60cm soil.

d. Get a soil sample 1 inch thick and 2 inches wide more or less 2 kilos each as
representative soil sample.

e. Do procedures b-c to complete the soil sampling of the area.

f. Air dry the sample (have it dry by not exposing it to the sunlight).

g. Pulverized the soil into a find tilth (never hold the soil sample).

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

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h. Get 1 kg. of soil sample from each of the different depth and pack in a plastic bag.

i. Label appropriately (name of the farmer, name of landowner, kind of existing
crop/crop previously planted, and fertilization program employed).

j. Submit for soil analysis.

Evaluation:

Project

Check your work using the criteria below (Gaining all “YES” answers indicate that you
have done the job according to the required standard. Gaining “NO” answer will require you to
correct your work).

No Criteria Yes No
1 Patterns for taking soil sample was followed (Z,W, S)
2 5 holes made at 60 cm deep
3 Samples taken from 30-60 cm at 1 inch thick 2 inches wide
4 Air dry and pulverized sample
5 Pack and labelled 1 kilo in the plastic bag sample from each hole

Performance

While performing the activity it is important that you assess your performance following
the criteria below. An overall performance of “YES” means that you are ready to proceed to next
learning level. An overall performance of “NO” means that you need to repeat the activity to
improve your performance:

No Criteria Yes No
1 Soil samples were taken according to prescribes procedures
2 Soil samples were dried, pack and label following prescribed

procedures
3 Safety practices are demonstrated at all times
4 Proper housekeeping is practiced at all times

Is the overall evaluation of performance acceptable?

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

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SELF-CHECK #1.1

LO1. Selecting Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Site

Directions: Write your answer on the space provided before the number.

___________1. It is an established area or location where plants are nursed and raised for
later field planting.

___________2. Where seedling stocks are sustained in the ground from the time the
germinated seeds are transplanted from the germination bed at the required
planting distances to grow for later budding.

___________3. Germinated seeds are transplanted into a black cellophane filled with soil and
allowed to grow for later budding, either as young buddings or as conventional
green buddings.

___________4. It is the most ideal soil to be used for nursery

___________5. It is another term for budwood garden.

___________6. When you opt to plant huge rubber plantation, this nursery is a significant
requirement.

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

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ANSWER KEY #1.1
LO1. Selecting Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Site

1. Nursery
2. Ground Nursery
3. Polybag nursery
4. Loam Soil
5. Source-bush garden
6. Budwood nursery

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INFORMATION SHEET #2.1

LO2. Germinate Seeds

Objectives:

After reading this information materials, the learners/trainees are expected to:
1. Select good rubber seeds.
2. Construct germination bed.
3. Sow rubber seeds in the germination bed.
4. Uproot germinated rubber seeds.

The collection of fresh rubber seeds shall be done for purposes of germination because
there is no other method in propagating rubber trees.

I. Characteristics of Good Seeds for Rootstocks

Rubber seeds for rootstocks must be fresh collected from newly shuttered fruits from the
rubber tree. Fresh seed is manifested by its shiny appearance and it must be heavy. This is the
most appropriate mean for germination. Seeds with holes (an indication that the seeds have
already gone germination) and with damage should be discarded. Seeds with average size (not
too big nor too small) should be considered in the selection.

Collected rubber
seeds for
Germination

Good quality
Rubber Seeds.
Newly pick from the
field

It is advisable to select seeds from any of these clones: PB 5/51, RRIM 623, RRIM 605,
GT 1, RRIM 901, RRIM 712, PB 217 and PB 235. Preferably from old seedling trees or other
clones with big seeds. The RRIM 600 seed is not desirable to be used for rootstock because of
poor seedling vigor and there is a big tendency for genetic yellowing.

For purposes of sustaining a nursery and having good quality seeds, the seed collection
must be carried out at regular intervals of not more than 3 days, so that only fresh seeds are

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

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collected. When seedfall is heavy, collection may have to be carried out frequently and
collected seeds should be germinated immediately. If the seeds have to be kept for a while,
they should be stored in a shady place with good ventilation at ambient temperature.

Seeds to be transported over short distances should be packed loose in gunny sack,
preferably only half filled.

Stocking of packed seeds should be avoided to prevent heat build-up, which will render
on the packed seeds. Upon arrival at the destination, seeds should be spread on an open
space with free flow of cool air before germination. It would be better to germinate the seeds on
arrival, if germination beds have already been prepared.

II. Construct Germination Bed and Sowing Rubber Seeds

It is necessary that rubber seeds are pre germinated in well prepared germination with
loose germination medium to acquire high seed germination percentage. It provides favorable
environmental condition for the growth of germinating seeds and to protect them from damage
(root and epicotyls) during uprooting.

To construct a germination bed, it is necessary to:

1. Clear the area from weeds and any plant debris to prevent the germinating seeds
from pest and disease attack.

2. Cultivate the soil to a depth of 15 cm, 1m wide at any convenient length.
3. Pulverize the soil into fine filth.
4. Construct sidings using 1" X 6" lumber to contain the germination medium and the

seeds to be sown in place.
5. Add 10cm thick fine river sand or aged sawdust as germination medium.
6. Construct over head shade to protect rubber seeds from the adverse effect of heat of

the sun.
7. If germination beds are situated under the shaded area over head shade is not

necessary.
8. Germination beds to be constructed depend on the volume of seeds to be

germinated. One kerosene can of seed (approximately 2000 seeds) can be sown in
2m square bed.

III. To sowing a rubber seeds in the germination bed, it is imperative to:

1. Spread the rubber seeds evenly in the medium with the flat groove facing downward.
2. Press seeds lightly unto the ground.
3. Cover the seeds lightly with germination medium just enough to cover them.
4. Cover the seeds lightly with dried leaves to protect them from dehydration.
5. Water the seeds twice daily if there is no rain.
6. Seeds start to germinate 7 days after sowing.

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

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Spread Rubber Seed

Covered Seed with
Germination Medium

Germination Bed

Covered Germination
Bed

IV. Stages of Germinating Seeds

There are four stages in the germination of seeds: stage A emergence of radicle, stage B
seeds starts to develop spider roots, stage C Fully developed roots system & emergence of
stem without leaves, stage D Emergence of leaves.

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

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Stage A –
Emergence of radicle

Stage B-
Seeds start to develop
spider roots.

Stage C-
Fully developed roots
system & emergence of
stem without leaves.

Stage D-
Emergence of leaves.

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

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ASSIGNMENT SHEET #2.1

LO2. Germinate Seeds

Collecting Rubber Seeds

Objective: At the end of this activity, the learner/trainee should be able to:
• Demonstrate mastery in collecting good rubber seeds for germination

Assignment:

After learning the procedure in seeds identification and selection, you are to select a
good rubber seeds on your own.

1. Go to the mature rubber plantation near the locality. Collect as many as you can a
rubber seeds.

2. Place collected seeds in the container.

3. When you finish the collection, check the characteristics of the seeds you have
collected using the criteria below. (Gaining all yes answers indicate that you have
selected good seeds for rootstocks according to the required standard).

Evaluation

Criteria Yes No
1. The seeds are fresh
2.The seeds are shiny
3. The seeds are heavy
4. The seeds are free from damage
5. The seeds has not been germinated
6. The seeds do not have holes
7. The seeds have average size

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

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Performance

While performing the activity, it is important that you assess your performance following the
criteria below. An overall performance of “YES” means that you are ready to proceed to next
learning level. An overall performance of “NO” means that you need to repeat the activity to
improve your performance:

No Criteria Yes No
1 Rubber seeds were collected according to prescribed procedure
2 Rubber seeds were selected according the prescribed criteria
3 Safety practices are demonstrated at all times
4 Is the overall evaluation of performance acceptable?

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

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JOB SHEET #2.1

LO2. Germinate Seeds

Construct Germination Bed

Objectives:

At the end of the practice, the trainee/learner should be able to:

1. Determine the exact germination bed
2. Cultivate and pulverized soil into fine filth
3. Construct siding for the germination bed
4. Construct overhead shade

Tools, Materials and Equipment

Tools 1 pc
Pick mattock 1 pc
Cross cut saw 1 pc
Claw hammer 1 pc
Spade 1 pc
bolo 1 pc
Sprinkler
3 pcs
Materials 2 pcs
1x6x8 ¼ kl
1x1x8
Common nail 2 inches

Introduction:

Creating a germination bed is necessary in the propagation of rubber. It is a prerequisite
in the creation of nursery. This is an area where seeds are germinated and expected to sprout
before it is transplanted in the polybags or in the ground.

Procedure:

Before performing this activity, make sure that you are using the required personal
protective equipment for this task.

1. Prepare the necessary tools and materials.
2. Clear the area from weeds and any plant debris to prevent the germinating seeds

from pest and disease attack.
3. Cultivate the soil to a depth of 15 cm, 1m wide at any convenient length.
4. Pulverize the soil into fine filth.
5. Construct sidings using 1"x 6x 8’ lumber to contain the germination medium and the

seeds to be sown in place.
6. Add 10cm thick fine river sand or aged sawdust as germination medium.
7. Construct over head shade to protect rubber seeds from the adverse effect of heat of

the sun.

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

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8. If germination beds are situated under the shaded area over head shade is not
necessary.

9. Germination beds to be constructed depend on the volume of seeds to be
germinated. One kerosene can of seed (approximately 2000 seeds) can be sown in
2m square bed.

Evaluation:

Project

Check your work using the criteria below (Gaining all “YES” answers indicate that you
have done the job according to the required standard. Gaining “NO” answer will require you to
correct your work).

Criteria: Yes No

a) Cleared the area from weeds and any plant debris

b) Cultivated the soil to a depth of 15 cm, 1m wide at 5m length.

c) Pulverized the soil into fine filth

d) Construct sidings using 1" x6”x8’ lumber to contain the germination
medium and the seeds

e) Add 10cm thick fine river sand or aged sawdust as germination
medium.

f) Construct over head shade to protect rubber seeds from the adverse
effect of heat of the sun.

Performance

While performing the activity, it is important that you assess your performance following
the criteria below. An overall performance of “YES” means that you are ready to proceed to the
next learning level. An overall performance of “NO” means that you need to repeat the activity
to improve your performance

No Criteria Yes No
1 Cleared the area according to prescribed standard
2 Pulverized soil according to prescribed procedure
3 Construct sidings and overhead shades according to prescribed

procedure
4 Add 10 cm germination medium according to prescribed standard
5. Safety practices are demonstrated at all times
6 Proper housekeeping are practiced at all times

Is the overall evaluation of performance acceptable?

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SELF-CHECK #2.1

LO2. Germinate Seeds

Directions: Write T if the statement is True and F if the statement is false. Write your answer
on the space provided before the number.

___________1. Fresh seed is manifested by its shiny appearance and it must be heavy.

___________2. The RRIM 600 seed is not desirable to be used for rootstock because of its
seedling vigor and there is a big tendency for non-genetic yellowing.

___________3. It is necessary that rubber seeds are pre germinated in well prepared
germination with loose germination medium to acquire high seed germination
percentage.

___________4. Stocking of packed seeds should be avoided to prevent heat build-up.

___________5. The germination bed must not be prepared well, just enough to put the rubber
seeds and cover it with dry leaves.

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

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ANSWER KEY #2.1

LO2. Germinate Seeds

1. T
2. F
3. T
4. T
5. F

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INFORMATION SHEET #3.1

LO3. Plant Germinated Seeds

Objectives:

At the end of reading the information sheet, the trainees are expected to:

1. Pulled correctly the sprouted stage C germinated rubber seeds
2. Plant germinated rubber seeds in polybags and ground

Rubber seedling nursery can be raised in polybags or in the ground. Seedlings raised in
polybags offer greater advantages than seedlings raised in ground. Root systems of seedlings
in bags are not disturbed when planted in the field thus, allowing high percentage of survival
and allow the plant to grow vigorously in the permanent field. In the scarcity of the polybag
during seed-fall, planting of germinated seeds in the ground can be done to take advantage of
the availability of seeds. However, it offers some disadvantages like high maintenance cost and
successfully budded seedling are uprooted from the ground, transplanted into the polybags and
the budpatch (scion) is allowed to grow to two -leaf story before they are transplanted to the
permanent field.

Seedlings in the ground nursery is planted in four rows, where rows are spaced 20 cm
apart and plants are planted 20 cm apart with in the row. Each four rows of seedlings are
spaced 45 cm away to provide space during fertilizer application. Weeding and budding
operation are oriented in east-west direction.

I. Steps in Pulling of Germinated Seeds

1. Water first the germination bed.
2. Prepare a pail half-filled with water.
3. Uproot the seedling which has fully developed root system but without leaves yet,

(Stage C) one by one and put inside the pail or container with water.
4. 4. Bring to the area to be planted either in polybag or ground nursery.

Uproot Stage C germinated
rubber seeds

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Put uprooted rubber seeds
in the pail half-filled with
water

II. Planting Germinated Seeds

A. Polybag Nursery

The area must be cleared from weeds and any plant debris. Plowing or harrowing is not
necessary. Polybags (with holes at the bottom portion) are filled with soil medium. They are
arranged in single row with a space of 75 cm between rows or double rows with spacing of 90
cm between rows at east-west orientation for better exposure of plants to sunlight.

Steps in planting germinated seeds in the polybags

a. Collect germinated seeds from the germination medium.
b. Collected germinated seeds must be placed in a pail half filled of water to prevent

them from dehydration.
c. Collect germinated seeds with root system and with stem but without leaves yet to

attain uniform seedling growth and less mortality in the field.
d. Collected germinated seeds are brought to the area to be planted.
e. Make a planting hole (4-6 cm deep) at the center of the polybag using pointed stick.
f. Plant germinated rubber seeds with the cotyledon intact. (Cotyledon serves as the

bridge of food supply from the endosperm to the young plant).
g. Cover the germinated seeds including the cotyledon with soil, and press it lightly.
h. Water the planted germinated seed

Make planting hole in the
polybag and plant the
rubber seedling with
cotyledon

Water the newly planted
rubber seedlings in the
polybags to prevent
dehydration.

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

Feb. 1, 2012 25

Constant watering of
seedlings in polybags is
recommended during dry
season

Observe 24 inches distance
for each rows of polybags

Observe 36 inches
distance for the double
rows of polybag

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

Feb. 1, 2012 26

B. Ground Nursery

The area is cleared from weeds and plant debris. Plowing and harrowing are done twice
to acquire fine soil filth and eradicate weeds seeds and hosts of plant pests and diseases.

Steps in making a ground Nursery

a. Secure in place the string marked with planting distance in east-west orientation for
maximum exposure to sunlight.

b. With the aid of wood (about 4 cm diameter wide) at one end, make a whole by poking
the ground about 60 cm deep where the planting distance is marked on the string.

c. Plant the germinated seedlings in the hole with the cotyledon intact.
d. Cover the germinated seedlings including the cotyledon and press it lightly. (Care

should be observed, not to damage the seedling).
e. Continue the same procedure until the whole length will be planted.
f. Transfer the marked string to the next row and continue planting the germinated

seeds until the proposed area is full planted.
g. Water the planted germinated seeds.

Ideal Planting distances for ground nursery

1. 4 rows distanced at 20 x 20 cm and other 4 rows also distanced at 20 x 20 cm far
apart with 45 cm distance between 4 rows.

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

Feb. 1, 2012 27

Ideal distance in Planting for Ground Nursery
2. 15 x 45 cm – recommended for chemical weed control.

3. Plant germinated seeds (Stage C) as soon as the area is ready for planting.
4. Plant germinated seeds on the holes 10-15 cm deep made by the dibble stick.
5. To prevent drying, pulled germinated seeds should be collected in pails with water.

Use dibble stick to make hole
and plant newly uprooted
rubber seedlings

Typical sample of
ground nursery

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

Feb. 1, 2012 28

JOB SHEETS #3.1

LO3. Plant Germinated Seeds

Prepare polybags filled with soil & plant rubber seedling Activities:

Objectives:

At the end of this practice, the learner/trainee should be able to:

1. Determine the size and type of polybags use for nursery seedlings
2. Obtain mastery in filling-up polybags
3. Obtain mastery in planting stage C sprouted rubber seedlings in polybags
4. Obtain mastery in arranging planted polybag

Tools, Materials and Equipment

Tools 1 pc
Bolo 1 pc
Spade
25 pcs
Materials 1 pc
Polybags 7x11 inches
Stick (12 inches long & ½ inch 1 pc
diameter) 1 pc
Pail (half-filled with water) 25 pcs
Sprinkler filled with water
Stage C sprouted rubber
seedlings

Introduction

Polybag nursery is one of the most adopted methods in rubber propagation. Loom soil is
the most appropriate medium to be filled in the polybag so that it can enhance better growth of
rubber at early stage. It must be filled correctly and place into a canal before planting will be
made. The soil to be used in filling the polybags must be pulverized.

Procedure

Before performing this activity, make sure that you are using the required personal protective
equipment for this task.

1. Prepare all tools and materials

2. Fill up 25 pcs 7 x 11inches of polybags with soil (be
sure there are perforation at the bottom part) with soil
medium, properly leaving an inch at the rim unfilled
(provision to hoed water during watering).

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

Feb. 1, 2012 29

3. Make a shallow canal with a width just enough to hold two rows of polybags, in east-west
orientation.

4. Arrange the polybags in the shallow
canal constructed.

5. Collect stage C(with root system and
stem but without leaves) from the seed
bed and place them in container half
filled with water.

6. Bring the container with the germinated
seeds to area where polybags are
found

7. With use of pointed sticks, make a hole
(about 4-6 cm deep) at the center of
the polybags.

8. Plant the germinated seeds following
the correct steps in planting.

9. Water the newly planted germinated
seeds.

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

Feb. 1, 2012 30

Evaluation:

Project

Check your work using the criteria below (Gaining all “YES” answers indicate that you
have done the job according to the required standard. Gaining “NO” answer will require you to
correct your work).

Criteria: Yes No

a. Filled up 25 pcs of polybags

b. Made a shallow canal with the standard width and
orientation

c. Arranged polybags in shallow canals

d. Collected stage C germinated seeds

e. Planted germinated seeds following correct
procedures

f. Watered the newly planted germinated seeds

Performance

While performing the activity, it is important that you assess your performance following
the criteria below. An overall performance of “YES” means that you are ready to proceed to the
next learning level. An overall performance of “NO” means that you need to repeat the activity

to improve your performance.

No Criteria Yes No

1 Polybags were filled with soil following the prescribed procedure

2 Polybags were placed in the canal following prescribed procedure

3. Collected and planted germinated rubber seeds stage C following

prescribed procedure

4 Pour water on newly transferred rubber seedling in polybags

following the prescribe procedure

5 Safety practices are demonstrated at all times

6 Proper housekeeping are practiced at all times

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

Feb. 1, 2012 31

SELF-CHECK #3.1

LO3. Plant Germinated Seeds

Directions: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if the statement is incorrect.
Write your answer on the space provided before the number.

___________1. Watering always the germination bed when seeds has not sprouted yet is
always advisable.

___________2. Stage C of the germinated seeds is the most appropriate for the transplanting
either for polybags or ground nursery.

___________3. Germination bed must be constructed in a shady area.

___________4. It is advisable that ground nursery must be established near the canal.

___________5. The nursery in polybags is better than ground nursery because roots will not
be disturbed.

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

Feb. 1, 2012 32

ANSWER KEY #3.1

LO3. Plant Germinated Seeds
1. False
2. True
3. True
4. False
5. True

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

Feb. 1, 2012 33

INFORMATION SHEET #4.1

LO4. Establish Budwood Nursery

Objectives:

After reading this information material, the trainees are expected to:

1. Establish budwood nursery
2. Determine appropriate rubber clone to be used as budwood nursery.
3. Plant budded rubber in polybags in the budwood nursery site.

A budwood nursery offers the advantage of producing good and healthy planting
materials at the earliest time possible with less expense. Modern concepts of establishing a
rubber plantation now takes into consideration the early return of the capital investment by
using high yielding clones and adopting techniques that will reduce the maturity period of
rubber.

In the culture of rubber, the raising of seedlings in polybags and ground nurseries then
planting in the field has been widely practiced worldwide.

Budwood nursery also known as scion grove or multiplication nursery) - is a unique
type of ground nursery where plants are raised and regularly trimmed to encourage profuse
branching for the purpose of harvesting budsticks or budwoods which will be used for budding
seedling stocks.

A well-established and maintained bud wood/ source-bush garden as source of bud
sticks / bud wood where well developed bud-eyes come from, is a very necessary component of
a rubber nursery. This is where the recommended rubber clones are raised.

Source of planting materials should be obtained from registered and reliable centralized
or commercial nurseries that adopt good production practices.

Recommended Clone (high yield, suitability)

1. RRIM 600

This clone has been tested and proven in Mindanao as far as growth and performance. It
can thrive on marginal soils. It needs branch induction. Although susceptible to pink disease
but it is manageable. Most of all not much reduction on yield during wintering. Response to
yield stimulation. It is susceptible to black stripe and moldy rot disease on tapping panel at
higher elevation from 600 meters above sea level during rainy months.

2. PB 260 and 330

This clone is considered Latex timber clone. Well suited to prime soil not well on
marginal soil (may increased tapping panel dryness). Suited to high elevation (up to 900 masL).
Moderately resistant to tapping panel disease (black stripe) and wind damage. Quick yielder
(especially on virgin bark). Lesser yield in renewed bark due to thinner bark compared to virgin
bark. Low yield in renewed can be remedied by stimulation

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

Feb. 1, 2012 34

Newly sprouted rubber
budded polybag

Planting materials for
budwood nursery can be
selected from
the budded polybags.

Ready for planting rubber
budded polybag

Perform Holing ready for
planting budded rubber in
polybag

Note:

Budding in polybags is preferred over budding raised from bare-root budded stumps. It is
recommended to plant two to three whorl polybag buddings.

Size and shape of the hole depends largely on the soil condition and planting materials.
In a fertile and light soils, hole shall be 25-30 cm diameter and 40-45 deep. In poor and heavy
soils, bigger holes are required from 40-45 cm diameter to 50-60 cm deep. If possible, holing
must be done few days before planting.

Whenever possible, the
scion-stock union should
be covered by
the soil during planting.

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

Feb. 1, 2012 35

3-5 whorl or leaf story
Budwood Nursery

Budwood Nursery
garden

Observance of
downward cutting for
budwood
Budwood Nursery
garden must be changed
with new one after 12
years from the time it
was planted

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

Feb. 1, 2012 36

JOB SHEET #4.1

LO4. Establish Budwood Nursery

Objectives:

At the end of this practice, the learner/trainee should be able to:

1. Identify budded rubber seedlings in polybag ready for planting
2. Observe proper steps in planting budded rubber in polybags
3. Plant budded rubber in polybags for budwood nursery

Tools, Materials and Equipment

Tools 1 pc
Bolo 1 pc
Spade 1 pc
Digging bar
10 pcs
Materials 1klg
Budded rubber seedlings in polybags 1 pc
Fertilizer (14-14-14)
Steel tape (Measuring tape)

Introduction:

Planting budded rubber seedlings for budwood nursery is commonly practiced by big
plantations or those with noble intention to constantly propagate budded nurseries. This is a
very good strategy to sustain and maintain good source of rubber clone. Most of the planters
use RRIM 600 clone because this is top producing latex among existing clones. In Mindanao,
this has been proven as the best clone ever that exist.

Procedure:

Before performing this activity, make sure that you are using the required personal
protective equipment for this task.

Go to the demonstration farm and establish budwood nursery by planting 10 budded
polybags.

1. Prepare the necessary tools and
materials

2. Select an area where to establish
budwood nursery

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

Feb. 1, 2012 37

3. Select and prepare 10 budded
polybags ready for planting.

4. Dig 10 holes at 25-30 cm diameter
and 40-45 deep at a distance of 1.5 m.

5. Proper removal of the cellophane in
the polybags

6. Put basal fertilizer (14-14-14) 100gm

7. Cover fertilizer with 2 inches thickness
of soil

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

Feb. 1, 2012 38

8. Plant budded rubber tree.
9. 9. Back fill soil to complete planting

Evaluation:

Project

Check your work using the criteria below (Gaining all “YES” answers indicate that you
have done the job according to the required standard. Gaining “NO” answer will require you to
correct your work).

No Criteria Yes No
1 Select an area where budwood nursery was established
2 Select budded nursery in polybags ready for planting
3 Prepare holes and basal fertilizer
4 Plant budded rubber tree using the required measurement
5 Backfill soil to complete planting

Performance

While performing the activity, it is important that you assess your performance following
the criteria below. An overall performance of “YES” means that you are ready to proceed to the
next learning level. An overall performance of “NO” means that you need to repeat the activity
to improve your performance

No Criteria Yes No
1 Selected the site and the budded rubber seedlings following the

required procedure.
2 Prepared holes and basal fertilizer following the required procedure
3 Planted budded rubber seedlings in polybag following nursery

required procedure
4 Safety practices are demonstrated at all times
5 Proper housekeeping are practiced at all times

Is the overall evaluation of performance acceptable?

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

Feb. 1, 2012 39

INFORMATION SHEET #5.1

LO5. Performing Maintenance Activities

Objectives:

After reading this information material, the trainees are expected to:

1. Apply fertilizer to ground and polybag rubber nursery
2. apply and control pest and diseases
3. Apply Weeding in the nursery
4. Cull and re-plant damaged/dead/ and yellowish seedlings

In order that nursery will grow faster, there are inevitable maintenance activities that has
to be done frequently.

I. Fertilizer Application

Fertilizer (or fertiliser) is any organic or inorganic material of natural or synthetic origin
(other than liming materials) that is added to a soil to supply one or more plant nutrients
essential to the growth of plants. Fertilizers typically provide, in varying proportions: there are
six macronutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium
(Mg), and sulfur (S).

The first number in a fertilizer formula is the nitrogen content . Nitrogen is used by plants
for producing leaf growth and greener, lusher leaves. The second number in a fertilizer formula
is the phosphorus content. Phosphorus is used by plant to increase fruit development and to
produce a strong root system. The third number in a fertilizer formula is the potassium (potash)
content. Potassium is used by plants for flower color and size. It is also important to the strength
of the plant.

A. Ground Nursery

In the absence of soil analysis, it is more recommendatory to apply complete fertilizer
(14-14-14) or ammophos (16-20-0) at about 5-8 cm away from the base of the plant at the rate
of 100g/sqm area or broadcast evenly when the soil is wet (usually after the rain at three to four
weeks intervals).

Apply 14-14-14 fertilizer to the ground nursery

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

Feb. 1, 2012 40

B. Polybag Nursery

In the absence of soil analysis, apply 14-14-14 or 16-30-0 fertilizer about 10-15 grams
per seedling/bag every 3 to 4 weeks intervals, or dissolve one tinapa can of ammophos fertilizer
(16-20-0) to one kerosene can of water, and fertilize each seedling in bags at the rate of about
½ tinapa can (water with the dissolved fertilizer) at intervals of 3 to 4 weeks.

Apply fertilizer at the
side of the polybag

Application of
Fertilizer on the
polybag nursery as
scheduled

II. Pest and Disease Control

It is also recommended that aside from the application of granule fertilizer, poliar fertilizer

will also be applied mixed with fungicide. This is to prevent leaf disease such as Leaf
spot/bird’s eye spot caused by Helminthosporium heveae and Anthracnose and leafblight

caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.

Table below showed the specific scheme for the application of Fertilizer with mixture of
fungicide.

Time of Application Rate and Type of Fertilizer-Fungicide
Mixture
After Planting 1-8 Twice weekly application of foliar
weeks fertilizer and fungicide mixture
-15 ml Bayfolan/other
-10g Dithane M-45 or
-12g Daconil/others
5 liters water in a knapsack sprayer

2-5 weeks Weekly application of slurry:
50 g NPKMg (15:15:6:4)
compound
5 liters water at 50 cc per

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

Feb. 1, 2012 41

2-8 weeks bag in a knapsack sprayer
Daconil 75 WP

2 gram in 1 liter H2O
Knapsack spraying
Manzate 200
gram in 1 liter H2O
Knapsack spraying

III. Applying Weeding in Nursery

Removing weeds is highly recommended in the nursery to maintain its cleanliness. The
weeding in between polybags and in the polybag nursery is highly advisable. Uprooting of
weeds in the polybags is essential to prevent unnecessary competition of the rubber seedling
on the water and nutrient. The same method will be applied for ground nursery. This form of
weeding is likewise applicable for ground nursery.

It is only the manual weeding should be employed during initial stage when plants are
still tender. It is prohibited to apply spraying of herbicide on the nursery when the trunk of the
seedlings are still green because it will definitely impair its growth. However appropriate
herbicide can be used later when sufficient brown bark on the stem has been developed.

IV. Culling and Re-planting of seedling with genetic yellowing and damage

Another equally important maintenance activity in establishing rubber seedling nursery is
culling/removing and replanting of seedlings with damaged or with genetic yellowing.

To fully utilized by planting the area with quality seedlings, there is a need to cull or
remove all damaged seedlings and replace it with good one. Most often, during planting of the
stage C rubber seedlings, damaged and with genetic problems cannot be noticed yet. However,
as it grows, such defects will be manifested. Hence, removal and replacement is the only
remedy.

Steps in culling and replanting of rubber seedlings:

1. Inspect the nursery and identify damaged or yellowish seedlings.
2. Using digging bar or spade, cull all damaged or yellowish seedlings.
3. Pulverize the soil in the newly culled seedling into fine tilth.
4. With the aid of wood (about 4 cm diameter wide) at one end, make a whole by poking

the ground about 60 cm deep where the planting distance is marked on the string.
5. Plant the germinated seedlings in the hole with the cotyledon intact.
6. Cover the newly planted seedlings including the cotyledon and press it lightly. (Care

should be observed, not to damage the seedling).

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

Feb. 1, 2012 42

JOB SHEET #5.1.1

LO5. Performing Maintenance Activities

Apply Fertilizer to the rubber nursery in the Polybags

Objectives:

At the end of this practice, the learner/trainee should be able to:

1. Identify appropriate fertilizer to be used for nursery
2. Apply exact amount of fertilizers in the polybag nursery

Materials, Tools and Equipment

Material 2 kilos
Fertilizer (14-14-14) 1 pc
Pail /empty plastic
1 pc
Tools 1 pc
Measuring cup
stick

Introduction

Fertilizer application is important in keeping nursery healthy. Appropriate amount of
fertilizer to be used in the plant is largely dependent on the result of soil analysis. However,
when soil analysis is not available, it is very safe to use a complete fertilizer (14-14-14). A
complete fertilizer has a Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium elements. Using this fertilizer
surely balances the growth of plant, thus making it healthy.

Procedure

Before performing this activity, make sure that you are using the required personal
protective equipment for this task.

1. Prepare tools and materials.

2. Put fertilizer (14-14-14) on the pail/ empty plastic container.

3. Bring fertilizer in the pail/ plastic container to the site.

4. Identify the rubber nursery in polybags to be fertilized

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

Feb. 1, 2012 43

5. Apply 15 grams fertilizer (14-14-14) for
each polybag at more or less 3 inches
away from the stem. Broadcasting the
fertilizer inside the polybag may also
be used.

Evaluation:

Project

Check your work using the criteria below (Gaining all “YES” answers indicate that you
have done the job according to the required standard. Gaining “NO” answer will require you to
correct your work).

Criteria Yes No

1. Prepared complete (14-14 -14) fertilizer

2. Identified the rubber nursery in polybags to be fertilized

3. Measured the fertilizer broadcasted/applied in each polybag

4. Applied/broadcast 15 grams fertilizer on each rubber
nursery on polybags

Performance

While performing the activity, it is important that you assess your performance following
the criteria below. An overall performance of “YES” means that you are ready to proceed to next
learning level. An overall performance of “NO” means that you need to repeat the activity to

improve your performance:

No Criteria Yes No

1 Fertilizer were correctly identified following the prescribed

procedure

2 Fertilizer were correctly measured and applied in each rubber

polybag nursery

3 Safety practices are demonstrated at all times

4 Proper housekeeping is practiced at all times

Is the overall evaluation of performance acceptable?

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

Feb. 1, 2012 44

JOB SHEET #5.1.2

LO5. Performing Maintenance Activities

Perform Weeding in Nursery

Objectives:

At the end of this practice, the learner/trainee should be able to:

1. Clean the nursery by removing weeds in the polybags, in between the polybags.
2. Clean the ground nursery by removing weeds

Tools, materials, and Equipment

Tools 1 pc
Bolo 1 pc
Pick mattock

Materials 1 pc
Plastic container 1 pair
Glove

Introduction

Weeding the nursery is very important task to do. Keeping it free from all forms of weeds
that competes the fertility of the soil must be on the top priority. This means that all fertilizers
will be exclusively absorbed by the plant. Therefore fast growth will be inevitable in the plant.

Procedure:

Before performing this activity, make sure that you are using the required personal
protective equipment for this task.

1. Prepare tools and materials
2. Determine the ground and polybag nurseries for weeding.

3. Remove weeds in the polybags
and in between rows in the
polybags

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

Feb. 1, 2012 45

4. Remove weeds in the grounds
nursery

5. Place removed weeds in the plastic container
6. Throw uprooted weeds away from the nursery area.

Evaluation:

Project

Check your work using the criteria below (Gaining all “YES” answers indicate that you
have done the job according to the required standard. Gaining “NO” answer will require you to
correct your work).

No Criteria Yes No
1 Remove weeds in polybags / ground nurseries
2 Remove weeds in between rows of polybags / ground

nurseries
3 Place all removed weeds in one area.
4 Correct weeding in polybags and ground nursery

Performance

While performing the activity, it is important that you assess your performance following
the criteria below. An overall performance of “YES” means that you are ready to proceed to the
next learning level. An overall performance of “NO” means that you need to repeat the activity
to improve your performance

No Criteria Yes No
1 Removed weeds in polybags and ground nurseries following

prescribed procedures
2 Removed weeds in between polybags and rows in rubber

nurseries following prescribed procedures
3 Throw weeds following prescribed procedure
4 Safety practices are demonstrated at all times

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

Feb. 1, 2012 46

References:

I. Books

1. Alcala, E. 2007. RUBBER MANUAL FOR RUBBER SMALL HOLDERS IN THE
PHILIPPINES., USM, North Cotabato

2. Igot, G. 2005. A PRACTICAL GUIDE FOR RUBBER SMALL HOLDERS AND
COOPERATIVES., Malaysia

3. Collano, R. an d H. Gutierrez. 2008. HANDBOOK ON RUBBER PRODUCTION
PICRI, Kabacan, North Cotabato.

II. Electronic Sources

1. http://www.sharpeningsupplies.com/step-by-step-sharpening.aspx
Date Retrieved: February 4, 2012

2. http://www.openacademy.ph/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1138&It
emid=387
Date Retrieved: February 9, 2012

3. http://limanplantation.com/index.asp?LanguagesID=1&TitleReferenceID=1272&Comp
anyID=35
Date Retrieved: February 3, 2012

4. http://www.nif.org.in/propagation_of_rubber_by_budding
Date Retrieved: February 8, 2012

5. http://majikhomes.com/rubber.php
Date Retrieved: February 10, 2012

6. http://www.bar.gov.ph/news/SMIARCevaluatesrubber.asp
Date Retrieved: February 7, 2012

III. Power Point Presentations

A. Establishment and Management of Rubber Nursery

1. PROF. ANITA M. TESTADO
Department of Horticulture,
College of Agriculture
University of Southern Mindanao
Kabacan, North Cotabato

2. PROF. ROGELIO C. TESTADO
Department of Horticulture,
College of Agriculture
University of Southern Mindanao
Kabacan, North Cotabato

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

Feb. 1, 2012 47

B. Establishment and Management of Immature Rubber

1. PROF. ROGELIO C. TESTADO
Department of Horticulture,
College of Agriculture
University of Southern Mindanao
Kabacan, North Cotabato

C. Updated Rubber Technology

1. REYNALDO B. ARE
Agriculture Technologist
District I - Rubber Coordinator
Province of Zamboanga Sibugay

D. Sustainable Rubber-Based Farming System for Small Holders

1. ERNIE C. CAMACHO
DA-WESMIARC, Ipil, Zamboanga Sibugay

Code No. Establishing Rubber Budwood and Seedlings Nursery Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #

Feb. 1, 2012 48

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to recognize and give due acknowledgement to the following
writers and trainers of the Kabasalan Institute of Technology, a TESDA-Administered
School in Zamboanga Sibugay, who unselfishly shared their technical expertise in
developing this Competency Based Learning Material to be used in training on Rubber
Production.

Developer/Writer Module
Angelito A. Aballe Establishing rubber budwood and
seedling nursery
Veronica A. Rasonable and Planting rubber trees/ rubber seedlings
Angelito A. Aballe
Performing budding operation
Angelito A. Aballe Harvesting Latex

Salvacion G. Casalem and
Angelito A. Aballe