Mode of Transportation Name: Daniel Iskandar bin Abdullah Matric number: 29DUP22F1037 Prepared for: Puan Farizah binti Mohamad
table of content TITTLE Train Light Rail Transit (LRT) Commuter Cable car Taxi Limousine Express Bus Rental Car Tourist Coach Trishaw Motorcycle Bicycle Introduction History The Elements Land (Rail) Land (Road) PAGE 4 4 5-6 8 9 10 11 13-14 15-16 17-18 19-20 21-22 23-24 25-26 27-28
T I T T L E P e d e s t ria n C r uis e F e r r y B o a t B a r g e S ailb o a t Din g h y Airlin e H elic o p t e r H o t B allo o n R o c k e t W a t e r T r a n s p o r t a tio n Air T r a n s p o r t a tio n R e f e r e n c e P A G E 2 9 - 3 0 3 2 - 3 3 3 4 - 3 5 3 6 - 3 7 3 8 - 3 9 4 0 - 4 1 4 2 4 4 - 4 5 4 6 - 4 7 4 8 - 4 9 5 0 - 5 1 5 2
In general, transportation is used for moving of people, animals and other goods from one place to another and there are four (4) types modes of transportation which is rail, road, water and air transportation. INTRODUCTION HISTORY The history of transportation begins from the human era and continued to change over a period of time. The first means of transportation was the human foot. People used to walk large distances to reach places. The first improvement made to this kind of transportation was adapting to differentsurfaces.
The elements: The medium of transportcan be both natural or artificial, roads and railways are example of artificial media on which transport is undertaken, sea routes and airways are natural media. The terminal provides the access for the passenger. It is usually a built structure with varied facilities and services. i) The Way: ii) The Terminal:
The “carrying unit” simply the vehicle that is being used for the transport, it is the most crucial element in the transportsystem. Over the last two centuries, revolutionary advancements have taken place in the area of motive power, which has resulted in much smoother,speedier and safer transport in short and long-distance travel. iii) The Carrying Unit: iv) Motive Power:
rail transportation Rail transport has emerged as one of the most dependable modes of transport in terms of safety. Trains are fast and the least affected by usual weather turbulences like rain or fog, compared to other transport mechanisms. Rail transport is better organised than any other medium of transport. It hasfixed routes and schedules. history Railways existed as early as 1550, in Germany. These pathways of wooden rails called “wagonways” were the beginning of modern rail transport, making it easier for horse-drawn wagons or carts to move along dirt roads. By the late 1700s, iron replaced the wooden rails and wheels as wagonways evolved into “tramways” and became popular throughout Europe. Horsesstill provided the “horsepower” forcargo until the steam-powered locomotive came into playin the early1800s.
TRAIN It is a means of transport, on vehicles which run on tracks (rails or railroads). It is one of the most important, commonly used and very cost effective modes of commuting and goods carriage over long, as well as,short distances. Company in Malaysia Rail Systems Engineering Sdn Bhd MrailsInternational Sdn Bhd Malaysia Rail Link Sdn Bhd Mastrak Sdn Bhd Functions
Light rail transit (LRT) Light rail transit (LRT), system of railways usually powered by overhead electrical wires and used for medium-capacity local transportation in metropolitan areas. Light rail vehicles (LRVs) are a technological outgrowth ofstreetcars(trams). Functions Organization Prasarana Malaysia Berhad are the owner-operator of the country’s rail services, including LRT networks, KL Monorail and the MRT lines.
Commuter Commuter rail, or suburban rail, is a passenger rail transport service that primarily operates within a metropolitan area, connecting commuters to a central city from adjacentsuburbs or commuter towns. Functions Organization The main intercity passenger train operator is Keretapi Tanah Melayu (KTM), a corporation owned by the Malaysian government.
cable car Functions A cable car (usually known as a cable tram outside North America) is a type of cable railway used for mass transit in which rail cars are hauled by a continuously moving cable running at a constant speed. Individual carsstop and start byreleasing and gripping this cable asrequired. Example Genting Cable Car Langkawi Cable Car
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taxi The concept of taxis have been around since the 17th century, when horse-drawn carriages first became available for hire in London in 1605. It wasn't until 1897, however, that we saw the first iteration of the taxicab as we know it today, when the first gas powered taxi with a meter arrived on the scene. History Function A taxicab conveys passengers between locations of their choice. This differs from public transport where the pick-up and drop-off locations are decided by the service provider, not by the customers, although demand responsive transport and share taxis provide a hybrid bus/taxi mode.
Company in malaysia Saujana Taxi BlueCab Comfort Taxi One Malaysia Taxi Service M Cab Executive Taxi Service
limousine History A "stretch limousine" was created in Fort Smith, Arkansas, around 1928 by a coach company named Armbruster. Armbruster's cars were primarily used to transport famous "big band" leaders, such as Glenn Miller and Benny Goodman, and their bands and equipment. Function A limousine or limo for short, is a large, chauffeur-driven luxury vehicle with a partition between the driver compartment and the passenger compartment.
Company in malaysia Saga Suasa Tour & Limousine Sdn Bhd Al Safer Travel & Tour Sdn Bhd Transeaways Shipping Companies Metro Travel & Tour Sdn Bhd
Express Bus Introduction Express buses operate on a faster schedule by not making as many stops as normal bus services and often taking quicker routes, such as along freeways, or by using dedicated lanes or roadways. Function Express bus means a type of bus service designed to expedite longer trips, especially in major metropolitan areas during heavily patronized peak commuting hours, by operating over long distances without stopping on freeways or partially controlled accessroadwayfacilities.
Example Bus Operators in malaysia Perdana Express Maraliner Transnasional KKKL Express Plusliner Aerobus City Express Starmart Express LA Holiday Travel & Tours Sdn Bhd Jasa Pelangi Ekspres S&S International Express Mayang Sari Express
Rental cars When cars were first introduced to the public, business people soon discovered a growing market for renting. However, what’s even more interesting isthat, even before Karl Benz and Wilhelm Maybach invented the modern car that we know today, people had already been renting out horses and carriages. Remember the action movies Troy and 300? Yes, even in ancient Rome, people rented horses and chariots. History
Function Car rental agencies primarily serve people who require a temporary vehicle, for example, those who do not own their own car, travelers who are out of town or owners of damaged or destroyed vehicles who are awaiting repair or insurance compensation. Example company in malaysia SB Rent Car New Bob Car Rental & Tour Magic Green Rent-A-Car Suria Car Rental Sixt R Global Car Wahdah Hertz KLEZCAR Travel & Tours Kwik Car Technologies
Tourist coach History The history of tour buses in North America began in the early 20th century when trucks were converted to provide a meansforsightseeing within large American cities. Gray Line, the largest sightseeing operators, began operations in 1910. Function Tourist Coach means an air conditioned, centrally heated luxury coach with push back seats used for the normal transportation of tourist to different tourist resorts and for general sight-seeing of various resorts/tourist places with a minimum seating of 10 seats.
Example of Tourist Coach A Leyland Tiger used by Southdown Motor Servicesin England Short bodied Dennis1931 King Alfred A 56-passenger Prevost coach in Canada Mercedes-Benz Tourismo in Berlin, Germany
trishaw History Trishaws first surfaced in Singapore in April 1914 as “pedal rickshaws” , which had chairs bolted to tricycle frames. The initial batch of 15 trishaws, with unknown origins, were said to be crudely constructed, and did not last long on the streets of Singapore. Function Trishaws are used to ferry tourists around the city for sightseeing.
Example trishaw around the world Cycle rickshaw in Shenyang Cycle rickshawsin Dhaka, Bangladesh Rickshaw, Thailand
Motorcycle The history of the motorcycle begins in the second half of the 19th century. Motorcycles are descended from the " safety bicycle, " a bicycle with front and rear wheels of the same size and a pedal crank mechanism to drive the rear wheel. Motorcycle design varies greatly to suit a range of different purposes: long-distance travel, commuting, cruising, sport (including racing), and off-road riding. History Function
Motorcycle brand in malaysia
BICYCLE History A German baron named Karl von Drais made the first major development when he created a steerable, two-wheeled contraption in 1817. Function Bicycles are widely used for transportation, recreation, and sport (see cycling). Throughout the world, bicycles are essential to moving people and goods in areas where there are few automobiles.
Company in malaysia Merida Bikes Cannondale Bikes Specialized Bikes
Pedestrian History Pedestrian comes from the Latin for "foot" and still refers to those who walk or travel by foot. In its early usage it was contrasted with equestrian, which refersto those traveling by horse. Function The pedestrian path not only functions as a place for humans to move or accommodate some of the activities of human circulation to meet their daily needs, but is also a space where human activities are carried out.
Sign for pedestrian
Cruise History P&O first introduced passenger-cruising services in 1844, advertising sea tours to destinations such as Gibraltar, Malta and Athens,sailing from Southampton. Function A cruise sgip or cruise liner is a passengger ship used for pleasure voyages, where the voyage itself and the ship's amenities are part of the experience, as well as the different destinations along the way.
most luxurious cruises in Malaysia Genting Dream Cruise Costa Fortune Norwegian Spirit
Ferry The first steam ferryboat in the United States was operated by John Fitch on the Delaware River in 1790, but it was not financially successful. The advent of steam power greatly improved ferryboats; they became larger, faster, and more reliable and began to take on a design different from othersteamers. A ferry is a vessel used to transport passengers and/or vehicles across a body of water on a regular, frequent basis History Function
Ferry in malaysia Penang Ferry Services Langkawi Ferry Cataferry(Pulau Tioman)
Boat History Boats were used between 4000 and 3000 BC in Sumer, ancient Egypt and in the Indian Ocean. Boats played an important role in the commerce between the Indus Valley Civilization and Mesopotamia. Functions A boat is a watercraft of a large range of sizes designed to float, plane, work or travel on water. Small boats are typically found on inland waterways (e.g. rivers and lakes) or in protected coastal areas. However, boats such as the whaleboat were designed for operation from a ship in an offshore environment.
company involved in malaysia Admiral Marina Club, 5th Mile Jalan Pantai, Negeri Sembilan Port Dickson YBC Langkawi Royal Langkawi Yacht Club
Barge History The Romans used barges and canal travel to expand their reach and lines of commerce to move things like wine and olive oil. The word “barge” itself was first believed to be coined around 1300 AD, originating from the Latin word “barga” and referred to anysmall boat. Functions Barges are used today for low-value bulk items, as the cost of hauling goods by barge is very low. Barges are also used for very heavy or bulky items; a typical American barge measures 195 by 35 feet (59.4 m × 10.7 m), and can carry up to about 1,500 short tons(1,400 t) of cargo.
company involved in malaysia Gimhwak Enterprise Sdn. Bhd. Vulcan Marine Service lunarshipping sdn bhd
sailboat History Like many inventions, the sailboat probably originated in ancient Egypt. Around 4000 BC, Egyptians assembled a simple rigging system and suspended a piece of cloth in the air to pull basic log boats along rivers. Functions Sailboats were used to develop international trade routes, though this form of propulsion has since been replaced by less winddependent power methods.
Company involved in malaysia Located close to the mouth of the Klang River in Port Klang, RSYC is the premiere venue for competitive yachting, sail training, power boating, sea fishing and water sports in the Selangor and the Klang Valley. Royal Selangor Yacht Club, RSYC BENETEAU has been building sailing yachts and motorboats for all types of boating practices since 1884. Leisure boating, short trips, cruising, competitive sailing – whatever type of sailing you envisage, there is a boat to suityou atyour local BENETEAU boat dealer. Beneteau
Dinghy Introduction Dinghy is a type of small boat, often carried or towed by a larger vessel for use as a tender. Utility dinghies are usually rowboats or have an outboard motor. Function Rowboats or sailboats called dinghies are used to carry passengers or cargo along the coasts of India, especially in the sheltered waters around the peninsula. Company (Kairos Boats) Kairos are the exclusive dealers for Whaly boats in Singapore, the Whaly boats use rotomould technology, which means that they can produce fully polyethylene (PE), one- piece, double-walled craft.
Airlines History The world'sfirst regularlyscheduled heavier-than-air airline took off from the Municipal Pier in St. Petersburg on New Year's Day 1914. The airline was known as the St. Petersburg–Tampa Airboat Line. Function An airline's basic function is to transport passengers and their luggage from one point to another. Just like any other service industry, the airline industry provides a service for a set price.
Example Company involved in malaysia
Helicopter History The first helicopter-like, motorized aircraft that could rise above the ground (often only a foot or two, and for only seconds) were flown in 1907. It wasn't until the 1930s that the technology advanced enough to allow helicopter flights acrosssubstantial distances. Function They can be used as flying ambulances to carry patients. They can be loaded with water to fight large fires. Military forces use helicopters to attack targets on the ground and move troops. Helicopters are used to getsuppliesto ships.
Company involved in malaysia
Air balloon History The hot air balloon was invented in 1783 by Joeseph and Stephen Montgolfier. They built a hot air balloon out of paper which Pilatre De Rozier flew over Paris. Modern-day hot air ballooning using a controlled propane burner and nylon fabric wasinvented in 1961 by Ed Yost at Raven Industries. Function Hot air balloons work because hot air rises. By heating the air inside the balloon with the burner, it becomes lighter than the cooler air on the outside. This causes the balloon to float upwards, as if it were in water. Obviously, if the air is allowed to cools, the balloon beginsto slowly come down.
Company envolved in malaysia
Rocket The date reporting the first use of true rockets was in 1232. At this time, the Chinese and the Mongols were at war with each other. During the battle of Kai-Keng, the Chinese repelled the Mongol invaders by a barrage of " arrows of flying fire." These fire-arrows were a simple form of a solid-propellant rocket. Rockets are now used for fireworks, missiles and other weaponry, ejection seats, launch vehicles for artificial satellites, human spaceflight, and space exploration. Chemical rockets are the most common type of high power rocket, typically creating a high speed exhaust by the combustion of fuel with an oxidizer. History Function