Edward Cockrem and the Durnford Sisters

53 Fig. 3.10: Torquay in 1865.8 There would have been quite a hustle and bustle on the Strand in Cockrem´s day and the carriages we can see would have been standing at Torre or Torquay station awaiting each down train from Bristol. By 1865 there were also more hotels to choose from and Black´s Guide to Devonshire of that year lists both the Royal and Queen´s (formerly Hearder´s), with further private hotels (presumably lower category) Cumper´s, Osborne, Apsley House and Belgrave House. Alongside the two named hotels is included a new hotel built on Parkhill Road: this would be the Imperial Hotel and Black kept his Torquay maps (but none of the others) so up to date that it appears on the map of Torquay as New Hotel.

54 Notes to Chapter III 1 G P Hearder´s wood engraving for Octavian Blewitt, Panorama of Torquay – Second Edition; 1832. It was reprinted in J T White´s History of Torquay in 1850. 2 J T White; History of Torquay; privately published; printed at the Directory Office; Torquay; 1878. Pages 385ff. 3 There may have been one or two properties to the right of the Royal Hotel. 4 I have used Terry Leaman´s website page at: http://www.terryleaman.co.uk/Tiscali/Whites%201850.htm 5 A History of Torbay Library Services by Lorna Smith (2007); https://www.torbay.gov.uk/media/1836/historylibraryservice.pdf. 6 Taken from Sheet CXVI.23 surveyed circa 1854 and published 1865 from the NLS project on old maps at Map Images (https://maps.nls.uk/index.html). The original is held at the British Library. 7 From Besley´s Route Book to Devon, published in 1854 and 1855. Only these two hotels are mentioned. 8 https://www.inyourarea.co.uk/news/bygones-the-style-and-history-of-torquays-harbourside-heart/

55 Chapter IV Croydon, Elliott and Ardley: and the Durnford Sisters Thirty years ago this (Torquay) was a mere fishing village, containing half a dozen straggling huts along the beach, with a rude pier of loose rocks to shelter the miserable craft This was the description used by the writer of The Teignmouth, Dawlish, and Torquay Guide published in 1830 1 . Torquay had, indeed, gone through some sort of metamorphosis and was beginning to take on the appearance of a small town. Over the next 10 years it would increase in size and importance to overtake all other watering places in Devon. Maxted has charted Torquay´s progress through representation in topographical prints. The results are astounding. Whereas in the period to 1800 not one print depicting the cove is recorded, by 1876 no other town or tourist site in Devon had been illustrated so often. Between 1800 and 1810 Exeter and Plymouth led the field, with 20 prints published for each in that decade as well as accumulatively 44 and 56 respectively between 1636 and 1799. In the next two decades Sidmouth took the lead through the work of Wallis at his Library. But from 1840 Torquay stands out as providing the most views with 124 images published 1840-49 alone or one sixth of all Devon prints. This growth reflects Torquay´s importance as a health spa: from the beginning much emphasis was placed on the benefits of its climate and charts of temperature fluctuations were frequently included in the tourist guides. As it expanded, more tourists came, typically convalescents to begin with, and services expanded to keep up with demand. This is also reflected in the number of booksellers and printers, although this number stayed comparatively low. In Blewitt´s Panorama the various booksellers etc are listed as: Cockrem, E. (Printer to his Majesty)2 5, Mill street, opposite the Lower Terrace. Cole, P. Lawrence Place. Croydon, - adjoining Poulton´s Hotel. Luscombe, R. near the Commercial Inn [in Market Street}.

56 Fig. 4.1: View of Torquay Harbour from Croydon's Torquay Guide. In the Croydon view of 1841 (Fig. 4.1), the viewer sees over the rear of the row of buildings on Vaughan Parade and across to Victoria Parade which led one to the harbour and to the hill leading to Park Hill Road. Croydon had moved from Poulton´s Hotel (now Webb´s) to No. 10 Victoria Parade by 1848 when Hunt´s Directory appeared. There were now several other booksellers besides Cockrem, Croydon and Peggy Cole, although none of these also ran circulating libraries. Daniel Ardley, primarily a hairdresser (see below) was listed as Bookseller and Stationer William Elliott at 1 Vaughan Parade (see below), William Hall at 21 Lower Union Street, Ann and Jane Jago on Market Street, William Poulton also at Lawrence Place (No. 3), Grace Richards (stationer) at 93 Lower Union Street, and two printers who also did business as booksellers and stationers were John Robinson in Paignton and William Stark at 8, Braddon´s Row.

57 By 1850 when White´s Directory of Torquay appeared the scene had expanded again: with John Laskey Narracott registered as both bookseller and stationer but also bookbinder and B T Wreford had possibly joined William Stark at 8 Braddon´s Row. The biggest omission is that of Peggy Cole´s library which has now ceased operation. Three of these booksellers are associated with engravings of the Durnford Sisters: Edward Croydon, Daniel Ardley and William Elliott. Edward Croydon Edward Cockrem´s main rival throughout his career would have been the Croydons. Among the first Devon publishers to publicly make use of the Ordnance Survey maps were the Croydons of Teignmouth and Torquay. In 1817 Edward Croydon printed and sold a most attractive guide book of south Devon.3 A Guide to the Watering Places, on the Coast, Between the Exe and the Dart; Including Teignmouth, Dawlish, and Torquay, embellished with a general view of Teignmouth and Dawlish, and the various seats around them, with a short description of the neighborhood.… consisted of sixteen highly attractive aquatints. 4 One of these depicted the Croydon´s premises in Teignmouth (Fig. 4.2). Edward Croydon was possibly the son of John Northam Croydon and Anne; if so, he was baptised in Totnes on 13th December 1784. He married Sally Warren on 3rd January 1807 at West Teignmouth according to a mention in the Exeter Flying Post of the 8th. They had at least 7 children: Helen (1810), Sally (1811), Jessey (1814), Edward (1816), Eliza Mary (1819), George Henry (1820) and Maria Louisa (1822) all born at East Teignmouth5 . Edward was printer, bookseller, publisher, stationer, engraver, ran a print and music warehouse as well as managing a circulating library6 . Throughout his career he was associated with premises at Regent Place and is listed in many directories from c.1823.

58 Fig. 4.2: View of Croydon´s Public Library from Croydon's Teignmouth Guide. Croydon’s may have been established as early as 1806. Their library, built in Regency Gothic style, opened in June 1815 and survived to 1990 as W H Smith's newsagents. The library kept the London and Exeter papers and prior to the official publication of The Teignmouth Arrival List a listing was kept at the library for consultation. Edward published his Guide to Watering Places in 1817 and began publishing prints c.18207 and a Billiard Room followed in 1830. He began trading as Edward Croydon and Son c.1850; and as Edward and George Henry Croydon 1852-1862 and together they published the Teignmouth Gazette. In common with many printers and publishers Edward had many functions and was also an agent for Eagle Insurance, examiner of weights and measures & clerk to magistrates 1848-1857, and water bailiff for the manor of Kenton 1848.8 He also published books of views, e.g., Views in South Devon (JVSC S.65) c. 1821; and of Teignmouth in sets of four or more (JVSC S. 92), with aquatints by W Read after L E Reed c. 1825 (see below). If Cockrem earned most of his income through printing, then the Croydons most likely had a good turnover selling prints, many printed and/or published by Edward senior in Teignmouth.

59 Works not involving prints printed and / or published by the Croydons are few and far between and tend to be between 1840 and 1860: William Robert Brownlow´s Walks at Templecombe: or, scenes in the history of Constantia and Fanny was a work of fiction which was also published by Hamilton, Adams & Co., and Whittaker & Co. in London in 1840.9 In 1848, Henry Phillpotts (Bishop of Exeter) had A sermon preached by the Right Reverend the Lord Bishop of Exeter at St. John's Torquay, on Sunday the 26th Nov. 1848. On occasion of a Collection for the Devonport and Plymouth Spiritual-Destitution-Relief-Fund published. Works specifically published by Edward Croydon in Torquay are also comparatively rare. Lawrence Palk wrote a poetical work entitled, The hunt of the pilgrim and Sir Courtenay Carew : a tale of dread and this was illustrated by Rev. John Parlby (1857). Robert Stewart`s Handbook of the Torquay flora : comprising the flowering plants and ferns growing in and around Torquay was published in 1861 and helps to date the second edition of Croydon`s Handbook for Torquay. One devotional work seems to be J Dicker`s A godmother's address to her godson : with miscellaneous papers by a female member of the Church of England. This was published in Torquay at Croydon's Royal Library (1861). Another work simultaneously published in London, this time by Whittaker & Co., was Ye Book of Sense, an illustrated collection of limericks each set below a comical illustration (1850). Illustrated works and guide books Although all title pages to the first printing of Watering Places are dated 1817, at least seven of the views included are dated June 15 1818 suggesting the title page was issued with the first instalment and bound in after the series was completed. The text to this work was enlarged and appeared again in 1830 in The Teignmouth, Dawlish, And Torquay Guide suggesting that the original text was written by N T Carrington (see below). Croydon also published The Natural History of the District by W Turton & J F Kingston which lists the different species of flora, fauna and minerals of Devon and is believed to be Part II of Watering Places circa 1820. William Bonneau Noble (1780-1831), who executed the drawings for the Watering Places, was a landscape painter in water-colours who began life as a teacher of drawing. For some years he was very successful, but although he had two views in the exhibition of 1811, he became dejected and after failing to commit suicide in 1825, he finally died of decline in 1831. A slim volume followed circa 1826: The Teignmouth Guide containing a Description of the Town which was reissued until circa 1864 and which included a small map Reduced from the Ordnance Grand Map by W Read of King St., Covent Garden, London. George Henry Croydon was born in East Teignmouth where he was baptised

60 5th October 1820. He also became a printer, working in Teignmouth from his father's address at Regent Place from c.1848. The two Croydons were trading as Edward and George Henry Croydon and published the guide together from about 1848 to 1862. However, this does not seem to have been true for their map publications. The Teignmouth, Dawlish, and Torquay Guide from 1830 used the identical text on Devon but was a revised version of this. The Plan of Teignmouth, published precisely during this period, is only Published by Edward Croydon. George Henry was also Clerk to Magistrates from 1848 to 186610 . He was Clerk to the Deputy Lieutenant for Totnes or Bridgetown Division 1848 and County in 1866. He represented the Atlas insurance company.11 It was another Edward, fourth child and eldest son of Edward Senior, who chose not to remain in Teignmouth but opened his own business in Torquay. He was born in East Teignmouth and baptised there on 12th May 1816. He also worked as a printer, stationer, bookbinder, librarian, music seller and, like his father, ran a Berlin repository (1840).12 Edward Croydon senior gave the Ordnance Survey as source for his map material in both Watering Places and in The Teignmouth Guide. This latter appeared in 1826 but was reissued later as The Teignmouth, Dawlish, And Torquay Guide with an account of the surrounding neighbourhood and, as such, was one of the earliest guides conforming to a modern-day format (see JVSC S.95). Probably written by Nicholas Toms Carrington (whose name is on the cover, but together with others), it was published by Edward Croydon. This volume included lithographic views as well as the map ‘By Special Permission from the Right Hon'ble the Board of Ordnance' engraved by W Read. The book was also sold by C and J Rivington, Baldwin and Co. in London, by Gore in Dawlish and by Cole and Luscombe in Torquay. N T Carrington was a poet and local historian. His work The Banks of the Tamar; a Poem: with after pieces was published by John Murray in 1823 and was frequently republished. Dartmoor: A Descriptive Poem, a further poetic work was also published by John Murray, 1826 (JVSC S.80) with etchings by P H Rogers. One critic suggested that Carrington's verse is a bit on the heavy side, but his notes are fascinating snippets of local history. W Read, who engraved the small map for the Teignmouth Guide, was a line and stipple engraver of portraits, landscapes as well as topographical views after his contemporaries. 13 He produced a number of other engravings for Croydon and these found their way into a small booklet of 4 (or more) aquatints by Read after L E Reed and published by Croydon c.1825; and he also produced 4 or more aquatints after T E Chapman for Aquatint Views of Dawlish published by Jane Gore and J Knighton in Dawlish, c. 1828.14

61 The same map, but with a new title, was included in a “companion” volume on Torquay first published in 1841 (in Torquay by Edward junior). It had the same size and format as the Teignmouth Guide, above. The Torquay Guide seems to have appeared only in 3 editions, while its older brother was finally published in a 16th edition in about 1864 (all editions after 1848 were published in Teignmouth by E and G H Croydon). Fig. 4.3: View of Torquay from the Pier from Croydon's Torquay Guide. Croydon´s Handbook to Torquay and its Neighbourhood appeared in 1854 (Fig. 4.3). It was only slightly revised once and reissued circa 1860. This guide included a new, specially prepared, map. It was probably as a response to this that Edward Cockrem published his first Torquay guide. Some copies of Croydon´s later edition (which was undated) have been seen with a new set of engravings not listed by Somers Cocks. As we have already seen, Croydon had prints of the Durnford Sisters, the Alphington Ponies executed, probably before 1851 and before they returned to Exeter. The first was that used by Sabine Baring-Gould to illustrate his accounts of the sisters: the second was a view from the back. Published at Croydon´s Circulating Library, 10 Victoria Parade, Torquay, it must have been a companion to the view Baring-Gould had copied (Fig. 4.4). Unlike Cockrem´s view, there is no sign of Croydon´s Library in either of the two views.

62 Fig. 4.4: The Alphington Ponies from behind by Croydon (detail). Daniel Pettikin Ardley Views of the two sisters are comparatively rare and I have only come across half a dozen examples. Daniel Pettikin Ardley15 of Torquay published and sold a small vignette illustration of the sisters about this time. Ardley´s premises were at 12 Braddon´s Row and he is listed in both Hunt & Co.´s Directory & Topography of 184816 and in White´s Directory of 1850. In the former work he is listed twice: once as Bookseller and Stationer; and once as Hair Dresser and Perfumer. There is an advert for his services which reads (Fig. 4.5): D. ARDLEY, (From Mr. Holmes', Mount Street, Grosvenor Square, London,) HAIR CUTTER, PERFUMER, STATIONER & BOOKSELLER, 12, BRADDON'S ROW, TORQUAY. SOLE AGENT FOR KAYE'S WORSDELL'S PILLS. In Kelly´s 1856 directory he is also listed as Ardley Daniel, hairdresser & stationer, Fleet street.

63 Fig. 4.5: Advert in Hunt & Co.´s Directory & Topography Maxted17 notes that Ardley flourished between1848-1856 and only one work is actually credited to Ardley; 12 steel engraved vignettes published circa 1870 as Views of Torquay. However, this should probably read 1848-1870 and the book of views may have been one of his last “publishing” ventures before handing the business over to his son. Daniel Pettikin died in 1898 according to the Torquay Times and South Devon Advertiser. He had been living in London for 20 years since handing over to his son, Daniel. Two stories concerning Daniel made their way into the newspapers illustrating how difficult it was for traders in late Victorian England with petty justice. In 1878 Mr. D … Ardley, hairdresser and perfumer of Fleet Street, was summoned for permitting his chimney to be on fire. In 1890 he was fined the obligatory 6 Guineas for a contravention of the bye-laws of the Local Board, by having his shop blinds below the height required. It is worth noting that five vignette views attributed directly or indirectly to Ardley found their way into the manuscript scrapbook, Drives in and about Torquay, kept by H M A in 1863-64. H. M. A. was Harriette Matilda Armytage, the daughter of Sir George Armytage, 5th Baronet (1819-1899).18 She spent some time in Torquay and accumulated copious engravings and compiled three scrapbooks of her convalescence. Book 1, Page 1; View of Waldon Hill & Sulyard Terrace. Imprint (below title): Published by D Ardley. Imprints: (left below vignette) A Cowen & Sons, Cannon St. West. and No. 447 (right below view). (Not in Somers Cocks).

64 Book 1, Page 13; Cockington Church, near Torquay. Imprint (below title): Published by D Ardley. (Variation of Somers Cocks SC0398 ascribed to Rock & Co., No. 1137). Book 1, Page 37; Chapel Hill Torquay. Imprints: (left below vignette) Rock & Co. London. No. 1490 and Published by D Ardley, 1st 1850 (right below view). (Variation of Somers Cocks SC3324 bearing Ardley´s imprint within view). Book 2, Page 03; Abbey Crescent, Torquay. Imprints: (left below vignette) Rock & Co. London. No. 4413 and 1 Nov 1861 (right below view). Imprint (below title): Published by D Ardley, Torquay. (Variation of Somers Cocks SC3069). Book 2, Page 09; Torr Church, Devon Torquay. Imprint (below view right): Published by D Ardley, Torquay*. (Not in Somers Cocks). Ardley was one of many traders in seaside resorts who was encouraged to have a stock of Rock & Co. vignettes or, more likely, small books of 6, 12 or 20 views bound together and with the proprietor´s name printed on the cover. While several others of this nature have been seen for Torquay, e.g., both Cockrem and J Harris of Torquay were selling the same views by Kershaw etc. in booklets of 20 views with their own imprint. Ardley´s Views of Torquay were 12 of the same batch. Similar sets of Rock & Co. views were printed and sold by C Way or by M C Oldrey of 1 Strand. 19 Two of the above views (*) have Ardley´s imprint below the vignette and not below the title as usual. One further view must have been executed before 1850: an engraving of the Durnford Sisters. Fig. 4.6: Vignette style view of the Durnford Sisters pub. by Ardley of Torquay

65 Ardley´s illustration of the sisters measures 67 x 78 mm and the dealer who offered it attributed the engraving to Rock & Co. As they had produced two of the five Ardley engravings included in the Armytage collection, this would make sense (Fig. 4.6). The company of Rock & Co were the foremost producers of views at the time and had a west country connection. Rather sweetly, the image was sent to a friend tipped onto part of a contemporary humorous letter dated July 20th 1849. It begins: "you will perceive that the accompanying engravings supply the representation of two remarkable ladies - so that, if William is not really fixed, now is the time for him to make his choice." William Elliott As we have already seen, William Elliott had a certain connection with Edward Cockrem. There were rumours of a partnership in 1834 which did not materialise although two jointly published books of views did appear in 1841. William Elliott had been an apprentice to Lazarus Congdon of Plymouth Dock and was registered first at (1) Vaughan Parade (1840-1855) and later at 2, Lawrence Place (1856). He was proprietor of the Torquay Chronicle from 1856. Somers Cocks dates one engraving of Watcombe near Torquay by Smart and published by Elliott to 1830 making it his earliest recorded work (3357) but Elliott is reported to have not begun his business before 1837 in a conversation with William Pengelly. Be that as it may, a joint work published by Cockrem and Elliott was A Guide to Torquay which appeared under their combined imprint in 1841. This guide, containing general history and explanation of the panorama from Park Hill, contains one of the most attractive of Devon "maps". It is actually a 360° panorama of the view seen from Park Hill over the bay at Torquay. A further nine vignettes illustrate this charming, but fairly small work. The text explained the attractions visible. A further example pointing to some cooperation was Scenery of Torquay and Babbicombe. This was published in Torquay by Cockrem, Elliott and Barrett and in London by R Ackermann in the same year, 1841. This was a set of five lithographs by W. Gauci after T C Dibdin and E Vivian. Views of Torquay. .20 Elliott published one further map of Torquay about the same time as the small guide book appeared. Some time prior to the arrival of the railway in 1848 he published A New Map Of The Environs of Torquay which was executed by E W Gribble as architect and Lewis of Exeter as engraver. Edward Wynne Gribble may have been the architect of Barton Hall (1830s) and of Bishopstowe (which later became the Palace Hotel) in 1841 for the then Bishop of Exeter, Henry Phillpotts. Gribble’s address was 8 Park Place, Torquay.

66 At some time before 1866 Leonard Seeley became the proprietor at 2, Lawrence Place, presumably taking over Elliott’s business. 21 Elliott´s output was small: he seems to have published one further guide book: History and description of the ruins of Berry Pomeroy Castle, Devon. 1848. This had just one folding illustration.22 Three or four further works appeared between 1848 and 1855, all of a religious nature, and all but one in collaboration with other Torquay booksellers. A small booklet of 24 pages was An appeal to my fellow townsmen in Torquay: and through them to the people of Devonshire and of the three kingdoms, on behalf of the Rev. James Shore, M.A., of Sydney Sussex College, Cambridge, and Minister of the chapel of H.G. the Duke of Somerset, at Bridgetown, Totnes, now imprisoned for costs in St. Thomas's Ward, Exeter, at the suit of the registrar of the Right Rev. The Lord Bishop of Exeter by Culling E. Eardley. This was published in Torquay and sold by Elliott, Cockrem, Croyden, and Wreyford; London: Partridge and Oakey. 1849. In 1855 Brief sketches of the early history, conversion, and closing period of the life of Mary, second daughter of the Hon. John Grey. Communicated in three letters to a nephew by Rev Harry Grey was published in London by Wertheim and Macintosh, in Winchester by Jacobs & Johnson, in Exeter by Roberts & Holden and in Torquay by Elliott, Cockrem, & Matthews. Another interesting case of collaboration was that of the Rev. William Maskell of St Marychurch. The parishioners became quite agitated that the said Reverend was preaching “doctrines differing little from those of the Church of Rome”. A great amount of correspondence took place between George Atkinson, Sir C Eardley, the Archbishop of Canterbury, William Tozer (secretary of the local committee), and the Rev. Maskell. Much of this was printed subsequent to meetings to determine whether the parishioners were prepared to split away from the Established Church and found a new (free) church. Some papers relative to the state of the parish of St. Mary Church, near Torquay, Devon. Published by Sir C.E. Eardley. Including correspondence with the Bishop of Exeter. Third edition including the resolutions of a meeting of "Protestant heads of families" and a correspondence with the Rev. W. Maskell. Torquay: Printed by Edward Cockrem. 1850. Torquay: Sold by Cockrem, Elliott and Wreford; St Marychurch: Mr Tozer, Butcher. A great believer in the free church and free belief, Eardley supported many who felt that the Anglican church was not sufficiently separated from the Catholic church. Sir Culling and Lady Eardley were occasional Torquay visitors occupying Hillsborough House on Braddon´s Hill (1846). From 1850 to 1853, Sir Eardley sponsored, and gave financial support, to the construction of an evangelical church at Furrough Cross, Babbacombe23 , in defiance of the Bishop of Exeter, who comes out extremely badly in all this as he supported Maskell, even making him his domestic chaplain.

67 The new church did not have an easy start and the Reverend Hugh Kelly (ex-Free Church Minister) was convicted for an alleged assault on his maid. The parishioners and many of the leading Torquay citizens were outraged and once again there were letters to and fro including A Letter to the Right Hon. Spencer Horatio Walpole, M.P., … in Reference to the Case of the Rev. Hugh Kelly, … Who was convicted of an alleged Assault at the Torquay Petty Sessions, June the 7th, 1852. This was published for George Atkinson by W Elliott, and sold by all booksellers at One Shilling. The second print of the Durnford Sisters which appeared in Charles Ellis´ History of Torquay (1930) apparently shows the two ladies outside Elliott´s Library in 1838 (Fig. 4.7). Certainly, the library would have been a significant site in the 1840s, vying with Cockrem´s reading rooms and Croydon´s Royal Library. However, the view might be stylised rather than accurate, but could be depicting the shop at 1 Vaughan Parade. The ladies would then be facing the Strand and the railings on the left of the picture would be those of the inner harbour. Unfortunately, the original engraving has not been found but if dated as such would show that the twins became quite well known very soon after their arrival in Torquay. Fig. 4.7: The Alphington Ponies in front of Elliott´s Library.

68 The Durnford Sisters have not quite disappeared from Torquay altogether: according to Kevin Dixon24 their walk is often replicated today (Fig. 4.8a & 4.8b). Cockrem´s rear image of the ladies appeared on a “photo trail leaflet” organised by the Torquay Museum in 2021 as part of their 175th anniversary programme under the title Windows in Time. This used some of the blank spaces around the town, seafront shelters, boarded-up doorways and disused shop windows as exhibition spaces to tell the story of some of Torbay’s most iconic buildings, people and places where the events took place. The images, a mixture of photographs and prints, spanned the 175 years the museum existed. The earliest image, seen on the trail poster, was the illustration of the Alphington Ponies created in the 1840s when the museum came into existence. The image was updated slightly by the addition of the awnings in front of the shops on the Strand. Fig. 4.8a 6 4.8b: The Alphington Ponies in Torquay (above) and commemorative figures with inscription (below).

69 Fig. 4.9. Plan of Torquay in Cockrem´s Tourists´ Guide to Torquay (1856).

70 Notes to Chapter IV 1 The Teignmouth, Dawlish, and Torquay Guide; Edward Croydon; Teignmouth; 1830. The title page is undated but when sold in publisher´s printed boards there was a date on the spine. 2 His Royal Highness Prince William Henry, Duke of Clarence visited Torbay in 1828. He was crowned William IV on 26th June 1830. Croydon dedicated his Teignmouth Guide to him. 3 In reality, apart from three of the four fold-out panorama views, the views show houses belonging to the gentry. Affluent visitors could often arrange visits. 4 Usually hand-coloured, by D Havell, T Shury, and J C Stadler, after drawings by W B Noble (JVSC S.64). Originally issued in three parts between 1817 and 1818, there was a second edition (1821) but further printings in 1819 and 1823 have been reported; only the first issue (and an edition of 1819, see Croydon 1) included the map. 5 Interestingly a Miss Croydon took over the Circulating Library previously owned by Jane Gore in Dawlish about 1830. In 1930 a Mr S A Croydon was managing director of The Teignmouth Printing and Publishing Co. Ltd in Station Road, Teignmouth: Kelly's Directory. 6 The following address gives a listing of private libraries: http://www.r-alston.co.uk/england.htm. 7 See Somers Cocks: S.64, S.65, S.76, S.95, S.117. There were also single prints of Dawlish and Teignmouth: in 1825: 635; 1827: 2883, 2884; c.1835: 2835, 2892, 2920; c.1845-6: 2856, 2857, 2908, 2926A; c.1848: 2928, 2930; c.1850: 2822, 2859. Also 219 Bishopsteignton Lodge, c.1822; 3021, Ansty's Cove, and Bishopstow, Torquay (1855?). 8 Maxted. 9 This included a frontispiece of Templecombe Church Drawn on by L Mucklestone (Louisa Mucklestone). Copy at Bl. 10 Kelly's Post Office Directory of Somerset with Devonshire and Bristol. 11 Maxted. 12 Billings (1857; Pp. 191 and 535) has Edward Croydon, printer, stationer, bookseller, engraver, and Magistrate's clerk, circulating library and Berlin fancy repository at Regent Street, Teignmouth as well as Edward Croydon, printer, book and music seller, and stationer; Berlin repository, Royal Library and Reading Room at 2, Victoria Parade, Torquay. Both are listed in Kelly (1866) but Edward senior is now only stationer, bookseller and music seller. 13 Mackenzie p. 258. 14 See Somers Cocks entries S.76 and S.92. 15 His full name is given in an announcement to savers with the West of England and South Wales District Bank placed in The Welshman, 24th February 1865. He is given as Hairdresser. 16 Full title: both Hunt & Co.´s Directory & Topography for the cities of Exeter and Bristol. London; E Hunt & Co., 1848. 17 Exeter Working papers: Devon Book Trades: Torquay. Ardley, D. Views of Torquay. D. Ardley, [1870]. Contents: 12 steel engraved vignettes. Copy at Devon Heritage Centre: sB/TOR 7/1870/VIE. 18 See https://etched-on-devons-memory.blogspot.com/2017/03/drives-in-and-about-torquay-by-h.html for a complete overview of Miss Armytage´s scrapbooks. 19 For an overview of these albums of views visit my blogspot, which illustrates a number of sets issued about this time. 20 Somers Cocks S.153. Copy also sold at Bonhams March 2016. Views: Tor Church; Torbay, from Tor Abbey Ruins; Torquay, from Waldron Hill; Torquay, from Park Hill; Torquay from the Summit of Park Hill; Babbicombe, from Petit Tor. 21 A Besley guide of 1869 has an advert for L Seeley. 22 Two known copies: Devon Heritage Centre (p725.18/BER/HIS) and National Trust libraries. 23 See, for example, http://furroughcross.org/index.html. 24 https://wearesouthdevon.com/the-alphington-ponies-in-torquay/. The photograph is taken from the website. All other images are among my collection.

71 Edward Cockrem and the Durnford Sisters Appendices Appendix I – Works Published by Edward Cockrem Appendix I –Prints Published by Edward Croydon

72 Fig. 5.1. List of books on sale at Cockrem´s bookshop in December 1846.

73 Appendix I Books and Prints Published by Edward Cockrem * Denotes: available on-line via Hathi/Google Books ** Denotes: available on-line via BL catalogue (access BL.UK or via JISC) 1829 Sonnets by the author of Specimens of Sonnets from the Most Celebrated Italian Poets. Torquay, printed for private circulation by Edward Cockrem. 1829. BL; TorU. The anchor of the soul: "Jesus, the author and finisher of faith" Heb. xii.2. to which are added a few scriptural sentiments, a gift to his brethren of the Church of Christ / by Charles Troward. Note: to be had gratis at Seeley & Sons, London; Cockrem, printer, Torquay, Devon, and of the author, Paington, Devon. 1829. CUL; Bod.1 The religious improvement of sickness: a sermon, addressed to invalids and their friends, visiting Torquay by the Rev. James Yonge. 1829. 26 pages; Publication: Torquay: Printed for the author, by Edward Cockrem, 1829. YALE. 1830 The Sirens, a Holiday Poem, recited in Plymouth School, Easter, 1827. [Octavian Blewitt] Torquay: Printed for Private Circulation, by Edward Cockrem. 1830. pp. [8]. NYPL. The Panorama of Torquay / [Octavian Blewitt] 2 . Torquay. Cockrem, Edward. 1830. 1830. - 84, viip. DevA (pB/TOR 7/1830/BLE)3 ; BL; DEI; CUL; Glas; UoStA; V&A (bound with 3 others); KB. The swallow's repast, a series of poems / by H. Dart. Torquay: Printed and published for the author by E. Cockrem 1830. 47 p. BL; NLS; CUL; Bod; UoStA. The Visit of Innocence and Other Poems. By E. M. E. Torquay. Printed for the Author by E Cockrem. 1830. BL**; NLS; Brad; CUL; Glas; Liv; UoStr; UoStA; Cal*. 4 1832 The Panorama of Torquay. A descriptive and historical sketch of the district comprised between the Dart and the Teign. Torquay. Cockrem, Edward. 1832. By Octavian Blewitt. Second edition - London: Simpkin & Marshall; Torquay: Cockrem, 1832. – Bod (Secktor Lib.); TQ, UoBr; LPL; NLS; LoC*; Win*; DEI; CUL.5 For an image of the map go to – Tourist Maps of Devon, entry Cockrem 1.

74 A Few Words from the Eton Grammar (Nomine grammaticus re barbarus) in Reply to a Few Words on Church Reform by John Ayshford Wise (Vir sapit qui pauca loquitur). Torquay: Printed by Edward Cockrem, 1832. pp.17. NLA.6 The novelty of the peculiar doctrines and ceremonies of the church of Rome. A sermon [on Matt. xv. 9.], etc. By Rev. Robert Gee. Torquay: Pub. By E. Cockrem, Printer to His Majesty. And Sold by L B Seeley and Sons, London. 1832. 24p. BL*. 1833 Occasional thoughts / by the Rev. James Jonge. Torquay. Cockrem, Edward. Printer. 1833. 86p. DevA (s242/TOR/YON). James Yonge M.A. was Perpetual Curate of Tormohan and Cockington, in the county of Devon. Occasional thoughts / by the Rev. James Jonge. - 2nd ed. Torquay: Printed by E. Cockrem. 1833. - 90p. DevA (s242/TOR/YON). Algae Danmonienses, or, Dried specimens of marine plants, principally collected in Devonshire: carefully named according to Dr. Hooker's British flora / prepared and sold by Mary Wyatt. Torquay E. Cockrem, printer [1833-1837]. NHM, Bang, DevA: sx589.45/DEV/WAY; KB, P.7 1834 Reasons for attachment and conformity to the Church of England in a letter addressed to Thomas [Burgess] Lord Bishop of Salisbury by Timothy Gibson. Torquay printed and sold for the author by E. Cockrem. Also Exeter: Strong and Hannaford; Totnes: S Hannaford; and Plymouth: Nettleton. The author was formerly a Dissenting Minister who returned to the Church of England. 1834. 289 p. UWTSD.8 Psalms and hymns selected for the use of the Chapel of Ease, at Torquay; in the year 1823. Second edition. With additional hymns chiefly selected from Bishop Heber. Torquay printed by E. Cockrem. 1834. 96 p. BL*. 1835 A winter evening's reverie in the church yard of Tor Mohun, Devon / by the author of Visions of solitude. Printer. Torquay: E. Cockrem. [1835]. Ii ,22p: ill. BL; DevA (s821/WIN). Church and state: two letters / by Salma. Torquay: Cockrem. Edward. 1835. Printer. Salma. Pseud. 48p. TQ (DEVON D02008127x). The cake of barley bread, or, Emancipation of the church of Christ from Protestant domination by William Vivian, of Tor, Devon. Torquay: Printed and published by E. Cockrem. 1835. [2], v, [1], 46, [2] p. Edin.

75 1836 Contemplation; or a Christian´s Wanderings / by William Vivian, of Tor, Devon. London: Simpkin, Marshall & Co. (and others); Torquay: E. Cockrem. 1836. 77 p. Bod. 9 The cake of barley bread Part III being a comparison of the article and practices of the Christian Church at Tor, with the word of God. and an examination of the administrative authority assumed in Protestant establishments, with reference to Baptism and the Supper of the Lord. 2nd ed. Torquay; Printed and published by E. Cockrem. 1836. 47p. CUL. Journal of a tour to Moscow, in the summer of 1836 / by the Revd. Robert Bateman Paul (late Fellow of Exeter College). London: Simpkin-Marshall & Co. and Whittaker & Co., 1836. Torquay: printed by E. Cockrem. NYPL*. Christian hymns: composed, altered, and selected for the use of Christian churches, or assemblies of believers, in which God's rule by the blameless elder men, and God's teaching by every man as he hath received the gift, have superseded the systems of Antichrist and the reign of "The man of sin". Torquay; Printed for the Christian Church at Tor, by E. Cockrem 1836. 101, [3] pages. Notes: Words only10. Includes index. With a half-title. BL*; Edin. The Christian Earnest by Thomas Parry. 1836. Torquay: E. Cockrem. KB. 1837 On the fumigating treatment, and the use of the fumigating machine in the cure of diseases of the skin and liver, rheumatism, and other severe and obstinate diseases / By Charles Troward. Torquay; printed by E. Cockrem. 1837. 20 pages. BL; Bod. True baptism essential in the constitution of a church of Christ by Charles Troward. Torquay for the author by E. Cockrem. 1837. 24p. DEI11 . The true ordinance of Christian baptism vindicated: selected from various authors, especially Mr. Carson / by Charles Troward. Torquay; printed and published for the author by E. Cockrem. 1837.- 24 p. DEI; Bod. Jacobus Veritas's Codicil to the franchised portion of the British Empire. (Britannia's impassioned call to the electors of the British Empire. no. 1-4.) / [VERITAS, Jacobus pseud.]. Torquay: Printed for the Author by E. Cockrem. 1837. BL**. 12 Poems by Mary St. Aubyn. (1813-1838.) 36 p. 1837. Torquay: Printed by E. Cockrem. YALE.

76 1838 Address delivered at the Geographical Section of the British Association, Newcastle on Tyne, descriptive of the state, progress and prospects of the various surveys and other scientific enquiries instituted by the Honourable East India Company throughout Asia: with a prefatory sketch of the principles and requirements of geography / by Thomas Best Jervis. Torquay Printed for private circulation by E. Cockrem. [1838]. [2], 46, 7, [1], 8 pages, 2 folded plates. CUL (and Trinity College); BL. Edin; Col*. 13 Torquay and Tor Directory 1839/1840 The Torquay and Tor Directory first appeared in 1839 or 1840. Issue no. 67 was published for May 12, 1842 and it contained the names and residences of nobility and gentry inhabiting or visiting Torquay and Tor, etc. E. Cockrem. Various Issues are known: The Torquay and Tor Directory no. 67 May 12, 1842. DEI. Torquay and Tor Directory, no. 76, October 7, 1842: Terry Leaman.14 TORQUAY AND TOR DIRECTORY, and General Advertiser. 29 issues and 10 supplements. November 7th, 1845 to December 18th, 1846. KB.15 January to December 1846. BL.16 The Torquay directory and South Devon journal. Torquay: Printed by Edward Cockrem. 1846-2. Issues: no.161-239 (2 Jan.1846 - 29 Dec.1847), 246--501; (16 Feb.1848 - 29 Dec.1852). Glas. 1840 Alphington Ponies. Two prints of the Durnford Sisters. [1840-1846]. 1. Two women (from rear) in front of Cockrem´s bookshop in Torquay: Signed R P YEO del. (within print). Below print: Signature P Gauci, lith, 9 North Crescent, Bed(for)d Square, London; Title TORQUAY; Imprint Published by Edward Cockrem. Engraving: 310 x 270 mm on paper 380 x 300 mm. See Fig.2.1. KB. 2. Two ladies (from front); Drawn from the life by Woolnoth; Signature Gauci, lith, 9 North Crest , Bed(for)d Sq.; Title TORQUAY; Imprint Pub. by E Cockrem, Bookseller & Stationer, 10 Strand. See Fig.2.8. DEI. A Sermon [on 2 Sam. xii. 23] on the final condition of children dying in infancy by John Orange. Torquay: Printed and Published by E. Cockrem; and Simpkin, Marshall, & Co., London. [1840]. 20 p. BL*. 17 1841 Scenery of Torquay and Babbicombe. Torquay. Cockrem Elliott and Barrett. 1841. Dibdin, Thomas C. - Torquay: Cockrem, Elliott & Barrett; London: R.Ackermann, Set of 5 lithographs by W. Gauci after T C Dibdin and E Vivian. V&A (51.E.28).18

77 A guide to Torquay containing general history and antiquities. Torquay. Cockrem, Edward and Elliot, W. 1841. 89, [13], plates: ill. BL*; NHM; DevA (sB/TOR 7/1841/GUI); Barnstaple (BX:TOR/1841/GUI); TQ; KB.19 For an image of the map go to – Tourist Maps of Devon, entry Cockrem 2. 1842 Map of the Country in the neighbourhood of Torquay and Teignmouth ... Revised and corrected by J. Lang. Torquay: E. Cockrem. 1842. BL. DevA. For an image of the map go to – Tourist Maps of Devon, entry Cockrem 3. 1843 The new Torquay guide / by Democritus Tertius. Democritus Tertius20. Torquay: E. Cockrem, 1843. - 34p: ill. DevA (s821/DEM); DEI. 1844 The Christian reformer's catechism: or, a guide out of Babylon the Great / by Charles Troward of Paignton, Devon. 3rd ed. Torquay E. Cockrem, printer 1844. 16 p. BL; Bod. Believer's baptism essential in the constitution of a church of Christ / by Charles Troward. 3rd ed. Torquay E. Cockrem, printer 1844. 20 p. BL**; Bod. An order used on laying the foundation stone of St. Mary Magdalene Church, in the parish of Tormoham: April 9th, 1844, being Tuesday in Easter week / [Church of England]. Torquay printed by E. Cockrem. 1844. 12 p. LPL. 1845 A letter to the parishioners of Warminster: upon the recent transactions connected with the burial of a Socinian / from their absent vicar, Arthur Fane. Torquay: Printed and Published by E. Cockrem. 1845. 20 pages. BL*. 21 A letter addressed to William Kitson, Esq., churchwarden of the parish of Tormoham .: in answer to a remonstrance sent to him by W. G. Parks Smith. Torquay: E. Cockrem. [1845]. 15p. DEI.22 1846 The Laws of Periodic Growth and Development, considered with reference to hygienic, moral and intellectual education by Lieutenant John Aden Walker. London: Simpkin, Marshall, & Co., Stationer's Court; Cockrem: Torquay, 1846; BL*; LPL; Bod; NLS; CUL; TQ. The climate of Torquay: a paper read before the members of the Torquay Natural History Society, at their monthly meeting in September 1846. By Edward Vivian23 .

78 London: Simpkin, Marshall & Co.; Cockrem, Torquay 1846. 20p. BL*; Bod; CUL; DEI (and 14 more). Christ's commandments / by Charles Troward. Torquay: E. Cockrem, printer. 1846. 16 p. Bod. Christian ordinances / by Charles Troward. Torquay: E. Cockrem, printer. [1846]. 19 p. Bod. 1847 Sound doctrine / by Charles Troward. Torquay: E. Cockrem, printer. [1847]. 20 p.; 17 cm. Bod. 1848 An appeal to my fellow townsmen in Torquay: and through them to the people of Devonshire and of the three kingdoms, on behalf of the Rev. James Shore, M.A., of Sydney Sussex College, Cambridge, and Minister of the chapel of H.G. the Duke of Somerset, at Bridgetown, Totnes, now imprisoned for costs in St. Thomas's Ward, Exeter, at the suit of the registrar of the Right Rev. The Lord Bishop of Exeter / by Culling E. Eardley. Torquay: Sold by Elliott, Cockrem, Croyden, and Wreyford; London: Partridge and Oakey. 1849. 24 p. BL; Bod; CUL; Aberdeen; Cal*. 24 Dawlish Saturday 27th May - Poster / Flyer announcing William Cooke's Royal Circus. Torquay: Cockrem [c.184825]. Exe. 1849 Zoistic magnetism: being the substance of two lectures, descriptive of original views and investigations respecting this mysterious agency delivered by request at Torquay on the 24 April and 1 of May 1849 / W. Scoresby. London: Longman Brown Green and Longmans; Torquay: Cockrem. 1849. 144 p. BL: NLS; CUL; Glas; V&A; LoC*26 . 1850 Some papers relative to the state of the parish of St. Mary Church, near Torquay, Devon. Published by Sir C.E. Eardley. Including correspondence with the Bishop of Exeter. Third edition .. The resolutions of a meeting of "Protestant heads of families," and correspondence with W. Maskell. - 3rd edition, including the resolutions of a meeting of "Protestant heads of families" and a correspondence with the Rev. W. Maskell. Torquay: Printed by Edward Cockrem. 1850. Torquay: Sold by Cockrem, Elliott and Wreford; St Marychurch: Mr Tozer, Butcher. BL; Col*.27

79 [Poster]: Dawlish ... 27th May / Poster announcing William Cooke's Royal Circus. Torquay: Cockrem. [c.1848-5028]; 760 x 250 mm. The main billing is for the Great Equestrian Company who were holding a procession along with an evening spectacle based on St George and the dragon. There is a Black and White image depicting St George and the Dragon. Exeter University. 1851 Holy Communion at a Visitation: A sermon preached in the parish church of Totnes, at the Triennial Visitation of the Lord Bishop of Exeter, June 17, 1851 / By the Rev. James Ford29. London: Joseph Masters; Exeter: Wallis; Holden; Spreat. Plymouth: Lidstone. Totnes: Samuel Hannaford. Torquay: Cockrem; Croydon. 1851. 16 pages. BL (4325.e.33.); DEI; LPL; NLS; CUL. The Gospel of S. Luke: illustrated (chiefly in the doctrinal and moral sense) from ancient and modern authors / by the Rev. James Ford. iv, 684 pages. London: Joseph Masters; Oxford: Parker; Cambridge; Deightons; MacMillan and Co.; Exeter: Wallis; Spreat; Holden; Torquay: Cockrem; Croydon. 1851. BL; CUL; NLS; Boston*. 1852 The danger of frustrating baptismal grace. A sermon preached at Tor Church on the 9th Sunday after Trinity, 1852 by Joseph Hemington Harris. Torquay: E. Cockrem. 1852. 20 p. BL*; Glas. Flowers of the South: from the hortus siccus of an old collector.30 Torquay. Cockrem, Edward. 1852. 28p. BL (11429.aaa.37.(2.)); TQ. 1853 Plan of the Town of Torquay, From the Ordnance Survey With Corrections and Additions to the Present Time: Being a Companion to the Torquay Directory. Torquay: Edward Cockrem. 1853. Lithographer´s signature of O Angel, Exeter. For an image of the map go to – Tourist Maps of Devon, entry Cockrem 4A. Besley's Devonshire Views. Bound in blind-stamped green publisher's cloth. Illustrations by William Willis after J. W. Tucker and G. Townsend. Imprints / dates on prints 1853. Binder's ticket reads: Cockrem & Co., Torquay. YALE. 1855 Brief sketches of the early history, conversion, and closing period of the life of Mary, second daughter of the Hon. John Grey. Communicated in three letters to a nephew by Rev Harry Grey. London: Wertheim and Macintosh; Winchester: Jacobs & Johnson; Torquay: Elliott, Cockrem, & Matthews; Exeter: Roberts & Holden 1855. NLS.

80 Christianity in Turkey. Correspondence of the governments of Christendom relating to executions in Turkey for apostacy from Islamism: With a letter from Sir Culling E. Eardley, .. to M. George Fisch and the reply of the Lyons committee by Eardley, Culling Eardley Smith Sir, Bart. London: Partridge, Oakey, & Co., Paternoster Row. 1855. Printed: Torquay. Cockrem, YALE; NLS; Glas; Bod; Trinity; V&A31 . 1856 Illustrations of the Magnetism of Iron Ships by the Rev. W Scoresby. Torquay E. Cockrem 1856. NLS; BL*. 32 Map of Torquay and the adjacent country. Torquay: Edward Cockrem 1856. 1 map; folded to 21 cm. Notes: Scale [1:31,680]. Two inches to a mile. National Library of Wales / Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru. For an image of the map go to – Tourist Maps of Devon, entry Cockrem 5. Cockrem's tourists' guide to Torquay and its neighbourhood. Torquay: Edward Cockrem, [1856]. BL; Chetham; NLS; Bod; TQ; NHM (dated 1855). For an image of the two maps included go to – Tourist Maps of Devon, entry Cockrem 6 and 7. 1858 The mutinies in the Bengal army / by Chas. W. Kinloch. Reprinted from the "Cape Argus.". London: Simpkin, Marshall, & Co. Torquay: Cockrem. 1858. BL*; South. A Paper read before the Geological Section of the British Association in 1856, on the Beekites found in the Red conglomerates of Torbay by William Pengelly. Torquay 1858. NLS; CUL; Bod; BL*. "Forewarned, but not forearmed": Letters on the invasion and defence of Britain; (reprinted from the "Torquay directory"). London: Simpkin, Marshall & Co. Houghton, New Bond Street; Torquay: E Cockrem. Torquay, Printed by E Cockrem. BL; NT; CUL; Trinity; Bod.33 1859 Cavern researches, or, discoveries of organic remains: and of British and Roman reliques, in the caves of Kent's Hole, Anstis Cove, Chudleigh, and Berry Head: by the late Rev. J. MacEnery. Edited from the original manuscript notes, by E. Vivian, Esq. London: Simpkin, Marshall, and Co.; Torquay: E. Cockrem. 1859. [6], 25, [1] p., [17] plates: ill. NTL. Cavern Researches, …. / Edited by E. Vivian. London; Torquay 1859. vi, 78p: 15 pls. Abery; BM; DEI; NLS; NHML; Open; Geol; CUL; Edin; Leic; Man; Bod; NT. Some thoughts on the Reform Bill of 1832, more especially with reference to the disenfranchising principle by Junius Junior. Torquay: E. Cockrem. 1859. 11 p. Bishopsgate; Bris.

81 Sea anemones, or, Tanks and their inhabitants. 2nd ed. Torquay: E. Cockrem. 1859. 48 pages. Bris. The dwellings of the laboring classes: A lecture delivered to the Torquay WorkingMen's General Improvement Society, at the Temperance Hall Torquay, on Monday, September 5th, 1859. By Lawrence Palk, Esq., M.P., for South Devon. Published by request. Torquay printed for E. Cockrem, 10, Strand 1859. 11, [1] p.; 8vo. NT.34 1860 Songs from the Song of Songs, and other poems. By John S. B. Monsell (John Samuel Bewley). Torquay: E. Cockrem. 1860. 30 pages. BL*; CUL. Our National Defences – Letters by Vigil; (reprinted from the "Torquay directory"). London: Houghton, New Bond Street: Cockrem, Printer, Torquay. 1860. BL; NYPL. 35 "The spirit of the psalms": with some additional psalms and hymns / by Henry Frances Lyte. 2nd ed. Torquay: E. Cockrem. 1860. vi, 224, [10] p. UoStA. 1861 The Anglo-Turkish bath : or, the modern application of the ancient Roman therma as a hygienic, prophylactic, and therapeutic agent ; with practical suggestions how and when it should be employed by York James Moore. London: Simpkin, Marshall & Co., 1861. vii, [1], 58 p., [3] leaves of plates: ill. (1color), plans; 21cm. "Torquay: printed by E. Cockrem." YALE. A brief memoir of Thomas Christy Wakefield, compiled from his own memoranda by Thomas Christy Wakefield. Torquay: Printed by E Cockrem, 10, Strand. 1861. [2], 29p [1]. BL* 36; DevA (s920/WAR). 1862 "A Little Child shall lead them." A few memorials of George Matthew Hoare, contained in notes to a sermon preached in S. John's, Torquay, May 18th, 1862 the Sunday after his funeral by William Robert Bernard Brownlow, R.C. Bishop of Clifton. Torquay: Cockrem & Croydon. [1862]. viii, 16 pages. BL; LPL; NLS; King's. 1864 An introductory Address delivered before the Torquay Natural History Society, at the commencement of the lecture session, December 7th, 1863 by William Pengelly. London: Simpkin, Marshall, & Co. Torquay: Cockrem, printer. 43p. 1864. BL (7205.aaa.19.); CUL; Bod.

82 The scriptural account of the creation and deluge: with reference to modern geology / by Richard Gwatkin, B.D., F.G.S. Torquay: Printed by Edward Cockrem. 1864. 46 p. Bod37 . Tormohun parish chronicle and St. Luke's magazine. Torquay: Edward Cockrem. 1864. Nos. 2-5. DEI.38 Germany and Denmark. Three letters by Vigil. (VIGIL, pseud. of Henry Cranmer March Phillipps) 26 p. London: Simpkin, Marshall & Co.; Cockrem, Torquay. 1864. 26 p. BL39 ; NLS; CUL; Bod. Plan of the Town of Torquay pasted into Drives in and About Torquay by HMA. Map as 1853 but now printed by C & E Layton, 150 Fleet Street, London. Torquay. Edward Cockrem. [1864]. DevA. For an image of the map included go to – Tourist Maps of Devon, entry Cockrem 4B. Further issues 1872 and 1877. 1865 Italy. Five letters by Vigil. Reprinted from the “Torquay Directory”. London Simpkin, Marshall & Co. Torquay Cockrem 1865. Printer 33 p.; 22 cm. CUL; NLS; BL40 . The climate of Torquay and South Devon, from the meteorological observations taken at Woodfield, Torquay. Torquay. E Cockrem. 1865. Bath. Heart worship: a sermon preached at St. Mary Church, Torquay, on Thursday morning, November 9th, 1865, on the occasion of the choral festival of the Deaneries of Moreton and Ipplepen / by the Rev. Charles Felton Smith, M.A., vicar of Crediton, and Prebendary of Exeter. London: Rivingtons; Exeter: W. Roberts; Torquay: E. Cockrem. 1865. - 16 p. CUL; BL (4477.aaa.90.)41 . Cockrem's tourists' guide to Torquay and its neighbourhood. [New Edition]. Torquay: Cockrem, Edward. [1865]. DevA (sB/TOR 7/1865/COC)42 . 1866 Parliamentary reform. Letters by Vigil. Republished from the “Torquay Directory”. London: Simpkin, Marshall & Co.; Cockrem, Torquay. 1866. 51 p. NLS; Glasgow; Sheff; BL*. 1867 Advent Warnings, A Sermon Preached in S. Mark's Church Torquay . By F. N. Oxenham. Published by E. Cockrem. Torquay. 1867. Europe. Letters by Vigil. Reprinted from the “Torquay Directory”. London: Simpkin, Marshall & Co.; Cockrem, Torquay. 1867. 75 p. CUL; NLS; BL*.

83 1868 The object of our meeting in Chapter, and the obligation upon the members of any decision to which they may come: a paper read at the meeting of the Ruridecanal Chapter of Ipplepen, held at Tor Mohun, on Thursday, 17th September, 1868 by George C. Harris. Torquay: Edward Cockrem. 1868. 19, [1] p. UWTSD. An address to the ratepayers of Torquay on Mr. Bazalgette's report on the sewerage, with some remarks on the best means of house drainage: published at the request of the Torquay Medical Society / by Charles B. Nankivell. Torquay: Printed by E. Cockrem. 1868. 15 p. RCPSG. The Irish Church: five letters. "Reprinted from the Torquay Directory." London: Simpkin, Marshall & Co.; Torquay: Cockrem. 1868. 33 p. Bod. 1869 The Tor Communicants' Union. The Tor communicants' remembrancer 1868-9: Together with a letter from W.J.B. on Communicants Classes. Torquay. Cockram, Edward. 1869. viii, 56p. DevA (s248.06/TOR/TOR). Darwinism. A lecture delivered before the Torquay Natural History Society, etc by Thomas Roscoe Rede Stebbing. London: Simpkin, Marshall & Co.: Oxford: T & G Schrimpton; Torquay: Edward Cockrem. 1869. NLS; CUL; Bod. BL* 43 . Torquay and its Surroundings. An illustrated poem. [With plates.] by M. B. Torquay: Edward Cockrem. [1869]. 23 pages. BL. The religion of the Irish church, the property of the Irish church: four letters addressed to the Torquay directory and South Devon journal, in reply to a Romish priest, E. Canon Windeyer by Charles Hastings Collette. 22 p. 1869. Published/Created: Torquay [Pas-de-Calais, France]: Printed by E. Cockrem, 1869. YALE. 1870 Science and Revelation by George Augustus Frederick. Wilks. London, Torquay: Cockrem. 1870. Torquay: Printed at the “Torquay Times” Office, 1 Madrepore Road. BL**; DEI; CUL. One shilling tourists' guide to Torquay and its neighborhood / [Cockrem, Edward.]. Torquay [1870]. 72 p.: ill. CUL; SocA; Yale. Twentyfour views of Torquay. Torquay: Cockrem, Edward. 1870. Publisher. - Torquay: E. Cockrem. [1870]. - [24] leaves: of ill; 12x18cm. DevA (sB/TOR 7/1870/TWE); Exe; KB.

84 The night of fruitless toil, a sermon preached at S. Luke's, Torquay, on the fifth Sunday after Trinity, 1870 by George Collyer Harris. Torquay: Printed by Edward Cockrem, 1870. 15p. CUL Trinity College; Senate. Cockrem's tourists' guide to Torquay and its neighbourhood. (New Edition)44 . Torquay: Edward Cockrem. [1870]. CUL; Lei; Trinity; KB. 1871 Torquay drainage: an address to the ratepayers of Torquay by Edward Appleton. With Appendix: Opinions on utilization of sewage by irrigation. Torquay: Printed by E. Cockrem 1871. 10p. BL. The ballot. Five letters by Vigil. (VIGIL, pseud. [i.e. Henry Cranmer March Phillipps.]. ). 24 p. London: Houghton & Gunn; Torquay: Cockrem, 1871. pp. 14. BL**. The war of 1870. Letters by Vigil. Reprinted from the “Torquay Directory”. London: Simpkin, Marshall & Co.; Cockrem: Torquay. 1871. Cockrem, Printer, Torquay. 34 p. BL*. The ballot. Three letters by Vigil. London: Houghton & Gunn; Torquay: Cockrem. 1871. 14 p. BL**. Unprepared state of the British Navy by Thomas Symonds. Torquay: Cockrem. 1871. PCL. 1872 Eighth report of the committee for exploring of Kent's Cavern, Devonshire by the Committee consisting of Sir Charles Lyell. [et al.]45. Torquay Cockrem [printers] 1872. 22 p. Imprint from cover verso. Birm: SocF. Berry-Pomeroy: a poem [canto II and III] / by Luke M. Combes. Torquay. Cockrem, Edward. 1872. Printer. Combes, Luke M. Torquay: Printed by E. Cockrem, 10. Strand. 1872. - pp33-85. DevA (s821/COM); BL**46; CUL; PCL; Bang; Card; Brad; Leic; Liv; UoStr; Surrey (and others). Post-1872 The Church of England and its Defenders. A second letter to Anglican friends .. In reply to the Rev. J. W. Patterson [i.e. to “The Church of England versus the Roman Church in England”], and Rev. J. Walter Moore [i.e. to “Some Critical Remarks,” etc.] by William Robert Bernard Brownlow, R.C. Bishop of Clifton. Torquay: Cockrem, 10, Strand; Croydon, Victoria Parade; London: Washbourne, 18 Paternoster-Row. 1873. 39 pages. BL**; Trinity.

85 Jottings at the Dartmoor autumn manoeuvres / by H. T. Mackenzie. Torquay. Cockrem, Edward. 1873. Printer. Mackenzie, H.T. - Torquay: Cockrem, [1873]. - [16]p: ill (sketches). DevA (s355.5/DAR/MAC); BL; PCL. France 1873 Cockrem´s Torquay Almanac 1874. Stiff green card covers with attractive ill., TP is The Torquay Almanac for 1874; Cockrem & Co., 10, Strand, Torquay. Introduction dated Christmas, 1873. First edition. TQ. The Eastern Question 1877 Down the Dart by David Lee Pitcairn illustrated by H. T. Mackenzie. Torquay: Cockrem, 1880. 20p. DevA: s821/PIT; BAR: 821 /PIT; TOR: D850. BL. Notes to Appendix I 1 Leonard Benton Seeley & Sons, London; 35, [1] p; 20 cm. Notes: Errata T.p. verso. Text on Hebrews, ch. xii, v.2. Final page of publisher's advertisements. 2 A pirate copy was published but quickly suppressed: Panorama of Torquay. A guide to the institutions, scenery and antiquities of Torquay and its vicinity. Torquay. R Luscombe. 1830. [BLEWITT, Octavian]. - vii, 84p. Davidson p.57 (BM). Publisher R. Luscombe. Copy has no cover or TP – last page foot has Printed by R Luscombe, (opposite the Hotel) Torquay. DevA. 3 - TP but no cover. Last page foot has Printed by E Cockrem. 4 Note: The UoSA copy has 1 page of booksellers' advertisements. 5 288 pages, [7] leaves of plates (1 folded): illustrations, map, plans; 19 cm. Five lithographs probably by and after George Rowe and one wood engraving by G P Hearder. Somers Cocks S121; Davidson p.57. 6 The National Library of Australia copy has inscription on TP: Mr. I. Templer is supposed to be the Author of this. Another copy unbound, stitched as issued is currently on sale at Bristow & Garland (2022). 7 Natural History Museum and Bangor University have all 5 Volumes. First 4 vols have 50 specimens and the supplement a further 36. DevA, KB and one private collector in Torquay have 1 volume each. 8 This may have been printed initially in 1830 (Power) which is suggested by cooperation with Hannaford. 9 Bod copy is on-line at https://www.brethrenarchive.org/media/357788/contemplation_or_a_christian_s_wandering.pdf. 10 This compilation has words only but includes an index which is preceded with a note: Thirteen original and selected tunes for the Hymns and Psalm, marked with an asterisk [*] may be had in Manuscript, on application to E. COCKREM, TORQUAY; Price Five Shillings. The proceeds will be given to the Poor. The Hymns marked thus [‡] are original, and principally composed for this collection. 11 Notes: Item 8. Bound with Hort, Josiah, Instructions to the clergy, 1790. 12 The five parts (only a few pages each) are available online via access.bl.uk/item/viewer. 13 At head of page 1: Eighth Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science. Friday, August 26th. Fifth day's Proceedings. 14 Terry Leaman has uploaded this to his web pages: http://www.terry-leaman.co.uk extension /Tiscali/COCKREM.HTM. 15 Cockrem (E), printer and publisher. The main issues were issued every 2 weeks, and are numbered from 157-186. they consist of 8pp, the supplements were issued the week following the main issue, with the same issue number, and were 4pp. This run appears to lack the main issue for No 180, but does have the supplement. There are no supplements from issues 159-175 inclusive, or for 186, it could be that none were issued for these numbers. One issue lacks one leaf, another has just the first leaf. Folio,

86 early half roan, marbled boards, rubbed, hinges partly split, front inner margin reinforced with transparent tape, occasional foxing and ink splash, few small marginal tears. Torquay, E. Cockrem 16 These are available through the British Newspaper Archive. 17 Probably by the Rev. John Orange of the Independent Chapel in Lower Union Street (Kelly 1856). 18 Somers Cocks S153. Copy also sold at Bonhams March 2016. Views: Tor Church; Torbay, from Tor Abbey Ruins; Torquay, from Waldron Hill; Torquay, from Park Hill; Torquay from the Summit of Park Hill; Babbicombe, from Petit Tor. 19 Somers Cocks S152 with ten lithographs. 20 Democritus Tertius: real name: Edmund Carrington. Maxted. 21 Concerns Arthur Fane's refusal to bury the body of Mrs. Haines according to the rites of the Church of England, since she had "lived "very many years in the Socinian communion. 22 Note: Item 16. Bound with Phillpotts, Henry. Speech of the Bishop of Exeter, 1832. 23 Profits from sale were to go to the newly formed Natural History Society of Torquay. 24 Note: Includes appendix (pp. [19]-24). Held by at least 10 other institutions. 25 William Cooke's Royal Circus was touring the west country in May 1848 with stops at Exeter (Tuesday, 30th May), and then a one stop stay in each of Exmouth, Salterton, Sidmouth, Colyton, then Lyme Regis (June 5) and Bridport (June 6). See Exeter and Plymouth Gazette, Saturday 27th May 1848. 26 Contents: Introduction to psychology Origin of mesmerism Phenomena and physiology of mesmerism Philosophy and psychology of mesmerism with Appendix. 27 Davidson p.106 (Secktor Lib.). 28 William Cooke's Royal Circus was touring the westcountry in May 1848 with stops at Exeter (Tuesday, 30th May), and then a one stop stay in each of Exmouth, Salterton, Sidmouth, Colyton, then Lye Regis (June 5) and Bridport (June 6). See Exeter and Plymouth Gazette, Saturday 27th May 1848. 29 Note: "Published by the request of the Lord Bishop and of the Clergy." 30 Being free translations chiefly from the “Poesie Toscane” of Vincenzio da Filicaja, by W. H. Hyett. 31 Victoria and Albert Museum libraries copy is in a bound volume of 28 pamphlets from 1854-1856. 32 Comprises VI plates with explanations on six pages only. 33 Not signed but possibly by “Forewarned” was Charles Spencer March Phillips. See entry Our National Defences (Vigil Letters) 1860. 34 Note: Title page verso: Transcribed from the Short Hand notes of the reporter to the Torquay Directory, and revised by the author. 35 This seems to be a second edition of the book “Forewarned” (1858). Attribution on the NYPL copy 'March Phillips Esq.' i.e. Charles Spencer March Phillips, who was a Lieutenant in the 11th Devon Rifle volunteers from 1860 (Gazette). Online at Google Books. 36 Dated in preface 1850 but page 28 dated 1860. 37 Note: Caption title: The creation and the deluge according to scripture: a lecture delivered at the Museum, Torquay, April 4th, 1864. Lecture is followed by an appendix "On the four ages." 38 Note: In box with 2 other titles. 39 BL (on-line): http://books.google.com/books?vid=BL:A0018337273. 40 BL: http://books.google.com/books?vid=BL:A0017858945. 41 BL (on-line) https://books.google.de/books?id=nJ7gRLFedpQC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&c ad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false 42 New edition, now with 208 pages. Includes a view of Torquay from the pier head by Rock & Co, dated 13 June 1860 as frontispiece. Page 62 has statistics to quarter ending 30 June 1864. 43 A further lecture in 1870 was published by Macmillan & Co. 44 New Edition with last date in text on p. 20 being 1870 – Belgrave Congregational Church. Now includes: a map; 220 p.; ii (index); second map; list of Hackney Carriage Fares. 45 Notes: Caption title. Report signed at end: Edw. Vivian, Wm. Pengelly, John Phillips. First Report published 1865 with yearly updates. Cockrem may have printed all of them. University of Birmingham has most. 46 Notes: 3 cantos in two volumes: Vol. 2 with list of subscribers and errata for v. 1.

87 Appendix II. Prints Published by Edward Croydon The following is an attempt to bring together all the prints published by Edward Croydon. It is largely based on Somers Cocks with additions from the author´s own library. I apologise if I have not always been accurate with punctuation; the wish was to be able to allow collectors to check details of loose sheets or to volumes lacking title pages. NOTES: [1234] Four-digit numbers in square brackets refer to the numbers ascribed by J V Somers Cocks in his Devon Topographical Prints … A Catalogue and Guide. This is still the best reference book for Devon prints before 1870. S.105 The letter S with a number following is the volume the print has been found in as listed by Somers Cocks (pages 227-309). [1854] Dates in square brackets denotes circa, i.e. the exact date is unknown. Fig. 6.1: View of Teignmouth from the Ness in A Guide to the Watering Places.

88 S.64. A GUIDE TO THE WATERING PLACES on the Coast Between the Exe and the Dart; including Teignmouth, Dawlish & Torquay, embellished with a general view of Teignmouth and Dawlish, and the various Seats Around Them, with a short description of the neighbourhood; to which will be subjoined, by special leave, from the Honourable Board of Ordnance, a reduced part of their grand map, dedicated, by permission, to the Right Hon. Lord Viscount Exmouth. The first bound edition had: Title page imprint: Teignmouth: Printed and Sold by E. Croydon, Public Library; Sold also at Gore´s Dawlish, and Gilbert´s Torquay. 1817. Dedication page to Lord Visct. Exmouth dated August 12th , 1817. Octavo, 16 hand-coloured plates, 4 of them fold-out, and large fold out Map of Teignmouth and its Vicinity. All of the examples listed below are split into four parts, Teignmouth (95 pp), Dawlish (84 pp), Torquay (72 pp), and a section on Conchology (20 pp). These sections are followed by 8 pages of subscribers. Although dated 1817, several views are dated 1818, hence all first issues should ideally be annotated as 1817 (1818). There are four bound copies recorded in influential publications: 1. J R Abbey - 1817 2. R V Tooley – 1817 3. R V Tooley – 1821 4. Somers Cocks – 1821 – Entry S.64 Additionally, the author has two copies dated 1817 and 1819. These are collated below as 5. and 6.

89 1. J R Abbey; Scenery of Gt Britain and Ireland in Aquatint and Lithography 1770-1860; Curwen Press; London; 1952. Entry 1151 . Teignmouth: Printed and Sold by E. Croydon, Public Library; Sold also at Gore´s Dawlish, and Gilbert´s Torquay. 1817 (1818). Red Morocco, rebacked binding. The large fold out views are undated2 . The 16 plates are: 1. Trafalgar Cottage (Trafalgar in manuscript). W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). 2. View of Teignmouth from the Ness, folding, Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). 3. Croydon's Public Library. Noble delin. (left) Shury sc. (right). Not dated. 4. Mr Kendall's Cottage on the Den. Folding. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). Folding. Undated. 5. The Residence of W Tayleur M.D. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). Dated: Pubd Decr 1 1817, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library. 6. Cliffden House. W. D Noble delt . (left) Shury sc. (right). Pubd June 1817, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library. 7. Cambrian Cottage. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). Pubd June 15 1818, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library. 8. Grove Cottage, new paper label covers original title, W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). Pubd June 15 1818, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library. 9. Seymour Cottage. W. D Noble delt . (left) J Shury sc. (right). Pubd June 1817, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library. 10. Lindridge. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right).). Pubd June 15 1818, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library. 11. Vicars Hill. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right).). Pubd June 15 1818, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library. 12. Ugbrook, The Seat of the Rt Honble Lord Clifford. Folding. W D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right) plus 16, Howard Street, Surrey St , Strand. Undated. 13. Ingsdon House. W. D Noble delt . (left) Shury sc. (right). Pubd June 1817, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library.

90 14. View of Dawlish from the West Cliff. Noble delt . (left) Stadler sculp. (right). 15. Tor Abbey. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). Pubd June 15 1818, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library. 16. Berry Castle near Totnes. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). Dated: Pubd Decr 1 1817, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library. 2. R V Tooley; English Books with Coloured Plates; Batsford; London; 1987. Entry 347. Teignmouth: Printed and Sold by E. Croydon, Public Library; Sold also at Gore´s Dawlish, and Gilbert´s Torquay. 1817 (1818). Dedication to Lord Visct. Exmouth dated August 12th, 1817. Octavo, 16 hand-coloured plates, 4 of them folds-out, and large fold out Map of Teignmouth and its Vicinity. Note: all of the views are undated, ie., have had dates trimmed off. The 15 plates are: 1. View of Teignmouth from the Ness, folding, Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). 2. Croydon's Public Library. Noble delin. (left) Shury sc. (right). 3. Mr Kendall's Cottage on the Den. Folding. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). Folding. Undated. 4. The Residence of W Tayleur M.D. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). Dated: Pubd Decr 1 1817, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library. 5. Cliffden House. W. D Noble delt . (left) Shury sc. (right). Pubd June 1817, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library. 6. Cambrian Cottage. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). Pubd June 15 1818, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library. 7. Grove Cottage, new paper label covers original title, W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). 8. Lindridge. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right).). 9. Seymour Cottage. W. D Noble delt . (left) J Shury sc. (right). 10. Vicars Hill. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right).).

91 11. Ugbrook, The Seat of the Rt Honble Lord Clifford.folding, W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right) plus 16, Howard Street, Surrey St , Strand. Folding. 12. Ingsdon House. W. D Noble delt . (left) Shury sc. (right). 13. View of Dawlish from the West Cliff. Noble delt . (left) Stadler sculp. (right). Folding. 14. Tor Abbey. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). 15. Berry Castle near Totnes. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). 3. R V Tooley; English Books with Coloured Plates; Batsford; London; 1987. Entry 348. Teignmouth: Printed and Sold by E. Croydon, Public Library; Sold also at Gore´s Dawlish, and Gilbert´s Torquay. 1821. Dedication to Lord Visct. Exmouth dated August 12th, 1817. Octavo, 16 hand-coloured plates, 4 of them fold-out. No folding map. As above (2). View of Trafalgar Cottage added making 16 plates. 4. J V Somers Cocks; Devon Topographical Prints, 1660-1870 – A Catalogue and Guide; Devon Library Services; Exeter; 1977. Entry S.64. Somers Cocks does not include full details and simply gives E Croydon as the publisher in Teignmouth, but clearly gives 1821 as published date. Presumably the details would read: Teignmouth: Printed and Sold by E. Croydon, Public Library; Sold also at Gore´s Dawlish, and Gilbert´s Torquay. 1821. Dedication to Lord Visct. Exmouth dated August 12th, 1817. Octavo, 16 (sometimes 17) aquatints by D Havell (except where stated). Note also that Somers Cocks gives no dates (on prints) and is clearly comparing 2 (or more) examples (see nos. 1 and 8). View 14, Haightly Cottage, is rare and may have been added quite late but included in some examples published circa 1821.

92 The 17 plates listed are: 1. [2830] Grove Cottage, new paper label covers original title, W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). Added note alt. Trafalgar Cottage. 2. [2914] View of Teignmouth from the Ness, folding, Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). 3. [2826] Croydon's Public Library. Noble delin. (left) Shury sc. (right). 4. [2827] Mr Kendall's Cottage on the Den. Folding. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). Folding. 5. [2828] The Residence of W Tayleur M.D. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). 6. [2829] Cliffden House. W. D Noble delt . (left) Shury sc. (right). 7. [2831] Cambrian Cottage. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). 8. [2832] Grove Cottage, new paper label covers original title, W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). Added note alt. Northcote Cottage. 9. [0217] Seymour Cottage. W. D Noble delt . (left) J Shury sc. (right). 10. [0218] Lindridge. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). 11. [1407] Vicars Hill. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). 12. [0350] Ugbrook, The Seat of the Rt Honble Lord Clifford. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right) plus 16, Howard Street, Surrey St , Strand. Folding. 13. [1348] Ingsdon House. W. D Noble delt . (left) Shury sc. (right). 14. [0351] Haightly Cottage [W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). 15. [0554] View of Dawlish from the West Cliff. Noble delt . (left) Stadler sculp. (right). Folding. 16. [3338] Tor Abbey. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). 17. [0126] Berry Castle near Totnes. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right).

93 5. Author´s collection 1. Dated 1817 (1818)3 . Teignmouth: Printed and Sold by E. Croydon, Public Library; Sold also at Gore´s Dawlish, and Gilbert´s Torquay. 1817 (1818). Other details and map as (1) above. As pages were cut for binding the large fold out views have had dates trimmed off. The 16 plates are: 1. Trafalgar Cottage (Trafalgar in m/s) and dated: Pubd June 15 1818, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). 2. View of Teignmouth from the Ness, folding, Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). Date trimmed. 3. Croydon's Public Library. Noble delin. (left) Shury sc. (right). Not dated. 4. Mr Kendall's Cottage on the Den. Folding. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). Undated. 5. The Residence of W Tayleur M.D. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). Dated: Pubd Decr 1 1817, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library. 6. Cambrian Cottage. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). Pubd June 15 1818, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library. 7. Cliffden House. W. D Noble delt . (left) Shury sc. (right). Pubd June 1817, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library. 8. Grove Cottage, new paper label covers original title, W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). Pubd June 15 1818, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library. 9. Seymour Cottage. W. D Noble delt . (left) J Shury sc. (right). Pubd June 1817, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library. 10. Lindridge. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right).). Pubd June 15 1818, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library. 11. Vicars Hill. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right).). Pubd June 15 1818, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library. 12. Ugbrook, The Seat of the Rt Honble Lord Clifford.folding, W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right) plus 16, Howard Street, Surrey St , Strand. 13. Ingsdon House. W. D Noble delt . (left) Shury sc. (right). Pubd June 1817, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library. 14. View of Dawlish from the West Cliff. Noble delt . (left) Stadler sculp.

94 (right). 15. Tor Abbey. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). Pubd June 15 1818, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library. 16. Berry Castle near Totnes. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). Dated: Pubd Decr 1 1817, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library. 6. Author´s collection 2. Dated 1819. Title Page, map and contents as 1 & 2 above. This copy has original printed paper boards with identical title as 1817 but is now dated 1819. 4 Octavo, 14 plates (4 folds-out views). Pages uncut – leaving date on most plates (only dates not recorded under 5 given here). Unrecorded: not in Abbey or Tooley. The plates are not in same order as S.64 (see above): 1. Cliffden House. 2. View of Teignmouth from the Ness, folding, Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). Dated: Pubd August, 1817, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library. 3. Croydon's Public Library. 4. Mr Kendall's Cottage on the Den. Folding. W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right). Dated: Pubd August, 1817, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library. 5. The Residence of W Tayleur M.D. . 6. Grove Cottage, new paper label covers original title, 7. Cambrian Cottage. 8. Seymour Cottage. 9. Lindridge. 10. Vicars Hill. 11. Ugbrook, The Seat of the Rt Honble Lord Clifford.folding, W. D Noble delt . (left) D Havell sculpt . (right) plus 16, Howard Street, Surrey St , Strand. Pubd June 15 1818, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library. 12. Ingsdon House. 13. Trafalgar Cottage (Trafalgar in manuscript) 14. View of Dawlish from the West Cliff. Noble delt . (left) Stadler sculp. (right). Pubd July, 1817, by E. Croydon, Teignmouth Library.

95 A set of aquatints (exact number not known) by T Sutherland from drawings by T Fidlor and Haselar. Published in Teignmouth by Edward Croydon. [3031] Babbacombe. 190 or 230 x 300mm. Dedicated to Sir George Cary. Aquatint by T Sutherland after T Fidlor. (SC has 190, a dealer gives 230 as width.) See Fig. 5.2: image kindly supplied by Antique Maps and Prints. [3205] West View of Torquay. 183 x 294 mm. Dedicated to Sir Lawrence Vaughan Palk. Haselar. [3257] East View of Torquay. 187 x 294 mm. Haselar. [2916] View of Teignmouth from Shaldon. 266 x 409 mm. Fidlor. [1057]: A View of Exmouth, Devon (publ. J Wallis).1 1 This is actually A View of Exmouth, Devon, taken from Cock Wood. 224 x 298. Fidlor. This was published by J Wallis in Sidmouth. 15. Berry Castle near Totnes. S.65, Fidlor, T VIEWS IN SOUTH DEVON (1821) Fig. 6.2: Babbacombe. Dedicated to Sir George Cary. See S.65, SC3031.

96 S.76, Reed, L E: Views in and near Teignmouth. 4 views By W Read after L E Reed; published E Croydon; Teignmouth; [1825]. [2845] Teignmouth, from the Walk. Aq. 135 x 202 mm. [2882] The Mouth of the Teign, from the Exeter Road Aq. 105 x 152 mm. [2820] The Old Saxon Church, East Teignmouth Devonshire. Aq. 113 x 162 mm. [1408] Kingsteignton, from Wilwoods. Aq. 105 x 161 mm. S.95: The Teignmouth, Dawlish, and Torquay Guide By N T Carrington and others. Published by and for E Croydon, at the Public Library; and Sold by C and J Rivington, Baldwin and Co., and Whittaker and Co., London; Gore, Dawlish; Cole and Luscombe, Torquay; and by all the Booksellers in Exeter. 1830. 5 Three folding views (1, 3 & 4) sheet size 235 x 190; print 200 x 125 mm. Other views have page size 115 x 190; print 75 x 120 mm. Unless noted otherwise each view has: On Stone by L E Reed (left) and Printed by W Day, 17 Gate Street. Views 1 & 4 with added imprint below title: Pubd by E. Croydon, Public Library Teignmouth. 1. [2903] Teignmouth from the East Cliffs. (Has Drawn on Stone …). 2. [2886] Teignmouth Bridge from the Beach. 3. [0561] West View of Dawlish. Drawn from Nature & on Stone by Geo. Rowe (below title) and imprint: Published by Edward Croydon, Public Library Teignmouth. Printed by Engelmann & Co. 4. [3281] Torquay from Livermead Sands. See Somers Cocks note to S.117. 5. [3035] Babbacombe, Devon. 6. [1760] Bradley, near Newton Abbot, Devon. 7. [3393] Totness from Sharpham. 8. [0132] Berry Pomeroy Castle. 9. [0356] Chudleigh Rock.

97 S.117. The Torquay Guide containing a description of the town, and of the most remarkable objects of interesting the neighbourhood. The Excursions and Walks, geology, climate, botany, religious, and charitable institutions, etc. etc. By several literary gentlemen. Publisher´s imprint: Torquay: Edward Croydon, MDCCCXLI. Folding lithographs: Page 205 x 165; print 180 x 130 mm. Sold with and without illustrations. This contained 7 lithographs: 1. [3280] Park Hill Torquay. Drawn by E L Reed (left) and Drawn on Stone by Jacottet (right). Printer´s signature: Printed by S Straker, London (centrally). Folding. (Early copies had “JORQAY” - later corrected). 2. [3186] Torquay From The Pier. Drawn by L E Reed, Tiverton (left) and Drawn on Stone by Ph. Benoist (right). Printer´s signature: Printed by S Straker, London (centrally). Publisher´s imprint (below title): Published by Ed. Croydon, Public Library. Folding. 3. [3259] Entrance to the Harbour Torquay – From the Rock Walk. Drawn by L E Reed, Tiverton (left) and Draw on Stone by Ph. Benoist (right). Printer´s signature: Printed by S Straker, London (centrally). Folding. 4. [3152] Daddy´s Hole, Torquay. Drawn by L E Reed (left) and Drawn on Stone by J Jacottet (right). Printer´s signature: Printed by S Straker, London (centrally). Publisher´s imprint (below title): Published by Ed. Croydon, Public Library. Folding. 5. [3036] Babbacombe, Devon. Drawn by L E Reed (left) and Drawen on Stone by J Jacottet (right). Folding. (Early versions read Devot). 6. [3037] Marble Quarries, at Petit Tor, near Torquay. Drawn by L E Reed (left) and Drawn on Stone by Villeneuve (right). Printer´s signature: Printed by S Straker, London (centrally). Publisher´s imprint (below title but trimmed): Published by Ed. Croydon, Public Library. Folding. 7. [3355] Watcombe near Torquay. Drawn by L E Reed (left) and Drawn on Stone by Villeneuve (right). Printer´s signature: Printed by S Straker, London (centrally). Publisher´s imprint (below title): Published by Ed. Croydon, Public Library. Folding. These and the following five were included in an album of 12 views (possible title): Views of the Torquay Area. 8. [3208] Torquay, from the Beacon Hill. (After L E Reed.) 9. [3281] Torquay from Livermead Sands. (By L E Reed.) 10. [2903] Teignmouth from the East Cliffs.

98 11. [2918] Teignmouth, from the Torquay Road. (By Richebois after E L Reed.) 12. [2904] Teignmouth, from Woodway Lane. (By Villeneuve after L E Reed.) 9 and 10 were included in S.95 above. Fig. 6.3: Entrance to the Harbour Torquay. See S.117 and SC3259.

99 S167. WILLIAMS, G. F.: [VIEWS OF TORQUAY]. A set of at least 4 lithograph ovals by W. Gauci after C. F. Williams, Published E. Croydon, Torquay c. 1845: [3081] Torquay. Park Crescent & Waldron Hill, from Apsley House / by W.Gauci after C.F.Williams. [3149] Torquay. The Thatcher & Bar Stones, from Daddy's Hole / by W.Gauci after C.F. Williams. [3155] Torquay. Daddy's Hole / by W.Gauci after C.F.Williams. [3286] Torquay. Torquay, from the New Road / by W.Gauci after C.F.Williams. Fig. 6.4: The Thatcher & Bar Stones, from Daddy's Hole by W.Gauci after C.F. Williams. See S.167 and SC3149.

100 S173. CROYDON, G. H. (publ): THE TORQUAY GUIDE, 3RD EDITION. Published G. H. Croydon, Teignmouth 1848. Has 12 line engraving vignettes by J. Harwood and Rock & Co. Sold with and without illustrations. An illustrated copy can be seen courtesy of the Hathi Trust (i.e. on-line). [3180] Tor Bay & Berry Head, from Stony Coombs (London, J Harwood, June 20 1846). [3196] Torquay, from the Pier Head (London, J Harwood, No. 145, Augt 6th , 1847). [May be a variation, SC has No.743.] [S.226] Torquay, Devon (Rock & Co.). Not listed separately? [3162] Natural arch, Torquay Devon (J & F Harwood, London, Dec 1st, 184?) [3350] Torquay. Torre Abbey (London, J Harwood, Feb 12th, ?) [3323] Chapel Hill, Torquay / after W Read (London, J Harwood, June 9th, 1846: W Read) [3102] Bishopstowe, Torquay (London, J Harwood, Nov, 1844) [3330] Torquay. Entrance to Kent's Cavern (London, J Harwood, June 20, 1846) [1877] Palace Tower & Church, Paignton, Devon (Rock & Co.) [0251-1] Brixham, Devon / Rock & Co. London Rock & Co., London: Pub. King, Kingsbridge. [0475-1] Dartmouth, Devon (Rock & Co. London). [2928] Teignmouth, Devon (Croydon Library, Teignmouth).

101 S178. CROYDON, Edward (publ): TORQUAY VIEWS (ROYAL SERIES). A set of 10 lithographs by Newman & Co, Published E. Croydon, Torquay. [1848]. Copies at BL and Yale. One copy sold (2022) had cover title: TORQUAY VIEWS ROYAL SERIES under the immediate Patronage of Her Majesty the Queen. No indication of size. [01]. [3229] Torquay, from Park Hill / lithographed by Newman & Co., 48, Watling St. London. [02]. [3270] Torquay, from Waldon Hill / by Newman & Co. [03]. [3289] Torquay from Livermead / by Newman & Co. [04]. [3076] Hesketh Crescent from the sea / by Newman & Co. [05]. [3016] Ansty's Cove & Bishopstowe / lithographed by Newman & Co. 48, Watling Str London. [06]. [3017] Anstey's Cove, looking west / by Newman & Co. [07]. [3360] Watcombe Torquay / by Newman & Co. [08]. [3056] Babbacombe / lithographed by Newman & Co. 48, Watling Str. London. [09]. [0151] Berry Pomeroy Castle / lithographed by Newman & Co. 48, Watling St. London. [10]. [0150] Berry Pomeroy Castle / lithographed by Newman & Co. 48, Watling St. London. Fig. 6.5: Torquay, from Park Hill, Pub Croydon´s Royal Library, (opposite Royal Hotel Torquay)

102 Not in Somers Cocks: The Handbook for Torquay and its neighbourhood with the Natural History of the District. Publisher´s imprint: Torquay: E Croydon, Royal Library and Reading Rooms. Also London: Hamilton Adams, Paternoster Row. [Second Edition.] [1860] Folding view (1): Page 210 x 160; print 200 x 110 mm. Other views are reduced in size to a single page vignette: Page 100 x 160; print 110 x 60 mm. 1. [3315] Torquay From The Sea. Drawn and Engraved (left) and by William Willis (right). Publisher´s imprint (below title): Published at Croydon´s Library and Reading Rooms, Victoria Parade. Folding. See S. 201. 2. [3315] Torquay. Published by E Croydon (left) and Public Library (right). 3. [3229] Torquay from Park Hill. Pub by E Croydon (left) and Royal Library, Torquay (right). 4. [3076] Hesketh Crescent, from the Sea. Pub at Croydon´s Royal Library & Reading Rooms, Torquay (left) and Eng. By Newman & Co. 48, Watling St., London (right). 5. [3016] Ansty´s Cove and Bihopstow, Torquay. Pub by E Croydon (left) and Royal Library, Torquay (right). 6. [3056] Babbacombe. Published at Croydon´s Royal Library (left). 7. [3360] Watcombe, Torquay. Pub by E Croydon (left) and Royal Library, Torquay (right). Fig. 6.6: Babbacombe. View 3056 but reduced in size to a vignette.