Gays fight for public awareness, support W eary of keeping a part of himself hidden, sophomore Tim Estep told family and friends he was gay. Soon after, he stood up and announced it to the entire campus. In so doing, he became a participant in a movement that has gay students banding together to explain in public why they deserve acceptance. Through public forums, a gay newsletter and class lectures, local gay leaders are hoping they are witnessing a movement in its infancy. "It was just waiting to happen, but no one had wanted to step forward and do it," Eastern graduate Jennifer Soule, who last spring became a gay spokesman after organizing the newsletter and a forum, said. "It's essential for a person to be accepted and free from discrimination-to be yourself," she said. ''It wasn't happening with the gays I knew or with me. I refused to give in." Estep's decision, an especially difficult one in the small-town environment here, is one an estimated·SOO gay students at Eastern may never make. Blacks represent less than 5 percent of the student body, and by most estimates, gays outnumber blacks by a 2-1 ratio. Yet, while being the "majority'' minority, gays often are isolated because gay cliques spurn them, or an unapproving straight community pretends they don't exist. "What I have to tell students is that they're not the only gays on campus," said Bud Sanders, a clinical psychologist who conducts a gay support group, which some 20 attend. The group provides gays with one of the few "safe" social outlets, short of Champaign's gay bars, 45 miles north. Sanders said some of those who fended for themselves in Charleston have gotten bloodied lips and have been the focal points of verbal abuse. Part of the condemnation has come from instructors. One disapproving faculty member is German instructor John E. P. Mullally, who has written both 48/Lifestyles gays and the campus newspaper letters condemning homosexuality. Mullally, the president Coles County Right to Life, said he believes homosexuals are a threat to society because they are immoral for succumbing to their "urges." ''I believe homosexuals have been subject to unjust treatment, and I'm opposed to that. They have human rights," he said, "but they have no right to practice homosexuality no more than they have the right to practice murder." Soule, who claims her stand is based on morality much as Mullally claims his is, was instrumental in organizing a gay newsletter, which boasted more than 100 subscribers. Now a student at Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago-Kent College of Law, Soule also lectured to several classes while at Eastern. "Some students asked questions about whether I thought I'd ever be normal, and I told them I felt nor· mal the way I am," said Soule, the first homosexual awarded a prestigious campus civil rights award. Since her graduation, the newsletter's co-editors, Leslie Garner and Susan McCann, vow to continue publishing despite subscriptions being barely 10 percent of what they were. Sanders, who participated last September in a gay forum at a residence hall attended by 60 students, said he won't push someone to fill Soule's shoes because many would be unable to deal with the exposure. But, no matter how much energy is put into promoting awareness, Sanders said, those who strongly condemn homosexuality aren't likely to change. Where Estep and others fmd optimism is in the hope that the anti-acceptance stance critics have taken may be open to more criticism than those same critics can dish out. "When you get debate, people start choosing sides, and you may flnd people coming to our side," said Estep, a participant in the September forum. "I wouldn't call it a gay versus straight thing, but something between the enlightened and the ignorant."• -Dave McKinney
-photo illustration by Rick Kottke Lifestyles/49
Couples make room for marriage, school :Being a student is a tough job. Most students would say it's tough enough without trying to make a marriage work at the same time. The responsibilities of married students add up: going to classes, finding a babysitter, doing homework, cooking for two and paying bills. Some married students have found relief from some of those bills by living in University Apartments-the student housing complex for married students, single parents and graduate students. "You can't beat the price," said Doug Haile, a social science student who lives with his wife, Guenet in the University Apartments. He said they pay $192 a month in rent, including all utilites~xcept long-distance phone calls. "I had $100 phone bills before I got married," Doug said, when he would call Guenet from the University of Missouri at Columbus. "It's nice getting one at $4." "It's a lot cheaper," added Guenet, a business education and office management major. "I've lived off-campus in other places," said Doug. 'We would have problems with our neighbors throwing parties at 3 o'clock in the morning." At a university where the social life seems to revolve around drinking and party-going, married students find a safe, quiet haven in the University Apartments. "It would be hard to live in a regular apartment with all kinds of partiers next door," said Greg Baggerly. The noise would keep their son up at night. Greg lives with his wife Donna and two-year-old son Bobby. They had just finished a little party of their own; blueand-white crepe paper and a single balloon were still hanging from the ceiling of their small, neat apartment from Bobby's second birthday party. "Even the single people here are laid back," said Todd Ricketts, a physical education major. He and his wife Stephanie, an art student, said they like living in University Apartments because of the quiet atmosphere. "I think it's easier to party when you are single," Todd said. "Now, there's less time. Mter getting married, you realize there's going to be a time when you are out of school and you've gotta get some kind of job." It's not that married couples aren't as social as other students, it's just that being married makes them more serious about their studies. "My grades haven't changed since I got married,'' said Guenet, while her husband Doug joked, "Mine are about twice as good." "Being married gives you extra an incentive to do the best you can and get it done with so you can get out and start making some money ... and get your bills paid off," 50/Lifestyles Todd said. The Baggerly's said it's harder to be a married student because they sometimes feel separate from other students. Being married "makes me feel a lot more mature and responsible as a student," said Greg. "Sometimes it's harder," Donna admitted. "I feel kind of outside because I'm married. Most people here are single and can go out to bars after class with their friends. Before I was married and in college, I fit in a lot better." Living with other married students can be another attraction for the University Apartments. "It gives us a chance to meet more married couples," said Donna. ''A lot of them have children. They feel more like we do." "Our own type of people," Greg agreed. The apartments are cheap and close to campus. They also have many of the typical dorm room problems. "Small ... real small," laughed Todd. "I feel they could have made them a little nicer, too. These concrete walls .. .I don't know what their purpose was for these ... " he said, reaching up and tapped his knuckle against an outcropping of the wall that vainly tried to separate the small kitchen area from the rest of the apartment. "The carpeting," Todd said, looking down at the rough, grey surface, "is new, I guess. That's what they told us. It's nicer than last year's. As you can see, it's not worth too much." However, the apartments are very popular. University Apartments Director Mark Shaklee said all154 apartments are full during the regular school year and run at 90 percent occupancy during the summer. Different couples had different expectations about what married life, in combination with student life, would be like. "I really kind of thought it would be a little easier because I'd be here with her," Doug admitted. The Baggerly's said they had no unrealistic expectations. 'We knew when we both decided to go back to school that it was going to be tou~h," Donna said. Among the problems they face are getting Bobby into day care. Now they must schedule their classes so one of them is free to watch him. "It's difficult with classes, especially at finals time," Donna said. "He's at the 'terrible twos' stage. I think we're both under a lot of stress. 'We look at it like this is probably the most difficult part of our marriage. Things are going to get better. Hopefully, it won't be much longer," she quipped. "But things aren't that bad."• -Bill Dennis
Above, married students Donna and Greg Baggerly with their two-year-old son Bobby relax in their university apartment after a long day of classes ~~It,.. ... .")Y :·. ~-= "l\1 "' . -,. • I ,. Lifestyles/51
Student recreation shows individuality S tress and pressure getting to you? Then it's time for a little recreation. Through varied forms of recreation, students exhibit the diverse interests existing on Eastern's campus. When most students think of recreation, they picture a game of softball or football on the quad. However, some Eastern students have more unique forms of recreation. Junior Tony Shaw enjoys role playing games-mostly Dungeons and Dragons, a medieval fantasy world created out of the imagination of the players. "I play games because it's an outlet for any excitement I can't get from my chemistry major," Shaw explained. "It's an intellectual exercise for building imagination and problem solving." Shaw's roommates also enjoy D & D. Roland Geiker plays because the game is escapism. ''You do things you're not allowed to do otherwise-like pillage and plunder. If you're angry at your roommate you kill his character," Geiker said. Senior Larry Davitz agreed. "It's an outlet," he said. "Just get all of your frustrations out in the game and not on people. You're given a character and you play a role from a thief to a magician." ''It's like a book out loud," Shaw added. Forgetting about school pressures for a while and submerging oneself in a fantasy world is also a large part of.the Society for Creative Anachronism. The members of this national organization re-create the middle ages through events where they have tournaments and feasts. Freshman Krista Taylor has been involved in SCA for one year. ''We have events within the Middle Kingdom (the midwest). We have fighting tournaments, costume activities. Everyone is in medieval dress and we feast-all food from those times. There's a lot of socializing," Taylor said. Taylor enjoys SCA because, 'Tm an actress. You have a persona; I'm Morgana. I'm just a wench." Mike Heischmidt, a sophmore, is also ·~ust one of the peasants." ''It's different from other stuff on campus." explained Heischmidt. "I enjoy reading classical stories on King Arthur and Robin Hood." While playing D & D and participating in medieval events are ways to act out fantasies, some students actually live their fantasies. Junior Connie Wieck is interested in archeology. Wieck took part in a dig in Tunisia, Africa through Earth Watch, an organization tha allows people to go on adventures. "The dig was a Roman race track. We just did a small part. I was in charge of digging up skeletons; I dug up bones and other interesting things," Wieck explained. Her greatest fmd was a piece of plaster of an ancient 52/Lifestyles charioteer which had his name on it. "It's in a museum now," said Wieck. During the dig, Wieck and her companions got up at 4 a.m. because it was impossible to work in the blistering afternoon sun. "We got the afternoons off. You could sunbathe on the ruins," Wieck said. Other students must go no further than their own backyards for recreation. The men of Sigma Chi play ice hockey during the winter. Not unusual? Well, they play on their own rink in the yard adjacent to their fraternity house. ''It started two years ago," explained Ed Huber, Sigma Chi president. "One guy took it upon himself to flood the
Opposite page: Members of the Sigma Chi fraternity play a friendly game of ice hockey on a cold January afternoon. This page: Top, a student passes the time before his next class while playing a video game in the Union recreation area. Bottom, another student takes a breather from his daily classes to enjoy a game of pool in the Union. -Paul Klatt - Paul Klatt yard." They use a beer trough as a goal. The fraternity has received recognition from the national fraternity for their innovation in recreation. "A lot of guys go out there and have fun with it-play hockey or just skate," Huber said. Being outdoors is often a part of recreation. Senior Paul Skelley enjoys anything to do with nature. "I'm a general naturalist. I like to go out and look at birds, flowers, animals, just nature," he explained. "I kind of grew up with nature. There's so much out there as yet unexplained~volution, why did God put this variety of animals on the earth? It's mindboggling. Every time I go out I see something different," Skelley said. Dan Von Holten enjoys contemplation also. With Von Holten this contemplation takes the form of poetry. "It comes from a need of expression. If there's a story in you, it will come out. It's satisfying to see the finished product," he explained. For junior Tammy Veach, racing events combine fantasy with contemplation. "It's almost a condensation of life. In a three-hour event you see so many things. The drive and the spirit of the drivers; they're trying to live out a dream," Veach said. Participating in role playing games and archeological digs, playing ice hockey, enjoying nature, writing poetry and going to racing events are as diverse as the students on the campus. • -Karla Sanders Lifestyles/53
Challenger tragedy Americans cry for heroes Glorious launch-and then, silence -Charleston Times-Courier Shuttle Tragedy Stuns Nation - Chicago Tribune 'We Mourn 7 Heroes' -Chicago Sun-Times Headlines reported the news, television cameras replayed the events and citizens discussed the tragedy, but a nation's anguish remained paramount following the explosion of the space shuttle Challenger. Just 74 seconds after the 25th launch of a U.S. space shuttle, NASA officials and others watched helplessly the annihilation of Challenger. A tremendous explosion, termed as powerful as a small nuclear blast, ended Challenger's lOth mission and the lives of all seven on board, including New Hampshire school teacher Christa McAuliffe. Never before in 56 manned space missions had Americans died in flight. John Glenn, the former astronaut, recalled that three astronauts died in a launch-pad training accident 19 years ago and said the history of pioneers is often one "of triumph and tragedy." The pioneers who made the ultimate sacrifice for the space shuttle program included the 37 -year-old McAuliffe, the first common citizen in space; Francis R. Scobee, 46, the commander; Michael J. Smith, 40, the pilot; Judith A. Resnik, 36; Ronald E. McNair, 35; Ellison S. Onizuka, 39, and Gregory B. Jarvis, 41. The seven-man crew lifted off from Florida's Cape Canaveral on Tuesday, Jan. 28 for what proved to be the shortest and most tragic flight in the history of the U.S. shuttle program. The launch, delayed several days and moved back two hours due to freezing conditions, appeared flawless. But seconds after Mission Control ordered the crew to "full throttle," an explosion 56/News rocked the shuttle, sending streams of smoke and wreckage toward the Atlantic Ocean. Search crews, primarily composed of U.S. Coast Guard cutters, steamed toward the area, but the initial search was delayed by falling debris. In the days following the mishap, U.S. Navy and other ships' crews pulled thousands of pounds of wreckage from the waters off the Florida coast, sweeping an 8,000 square mile area north from Cape Canaveral to Daytona Beach. Piecing together what may have happened to Challenger may take weeks or months, with only speculation surrounding the incident in early February. What seemed to trouble NASA officials shortly after the accident was the lack of any indication of a malfunction in the launch process. "There were no signs of abnormalities on the screens" as flight controllers monitored Challenger's liftoff and ascent, a source said. The source, at Johnson Space Center in Houston, said the blast occurred "unexpectedly and with absolutely no warning." The surprise of the tragedy seemed to heighten its impact, as shuttle missions had become so commonplace as to demand little media attention in recent months. But perhaps McAuliffe's presence on the shuttle truly brought home the devastation of the mishap. Vickie Clodfelder, an owner of Clodfelder's Sales and Service, 422 W. Madison, told of an elderly man's reaction to the tragic reports. "I can honestly say be got kind of watery-eyed when they showed a snapshot of the teacher and her children. I think that was what really got him," she said. Counseling Center Director Bud Sanders said the event was unique for children because they can identify with teachers- a regular fixture in their lives. ''To many children that age, their teacher is like a god to them,"hesaid. Charles Joley, dean of Eastern's College of Education, said, "We will never forget the Challenger blew up with a teacher on board ... because everyone can relate to teachers." John David Reed, chairman of Eastern's journalism department, commented on the violence of the video tape showing the shuttle's annihilation. "Children see violence day after day. I'm not sure they distinguish what's real and not real," Reed said. 'This was a real tragedy, not the Empire Strikes Back or Rambo." Eastern student teachers related their pupils' reaction to the explosion, a mixture of stunned silence and gloom. Nancy Yamin, a student teacher at Effingham High School, said some members of the student body gathered in the library after an announcement of the mishap. "The quiet was worse than anything else. "I was expecting to hear someone say, 'Oh, cool,' but there was just silence,'' she said. "Some girls were crying, they were so shocked by what they saw." Senior LaDonna Wallace, a student teacher at Mattoon High, said her students' "immediate reaction was shock." She told of a 16-year-old boy who attended a space camp last summer in Alabama and is considering a career as an astronaut. The student "turned as white as a sheet," she said. "For a young guy with high ideals, it was a real shock," she added. For students in Concord, N.H., where McAuliffe taught high school social studies, a celebration quickly turned to devastation. About 200 pupils and teachers watching a television set in the high school auditorium counted down the last 10 seconds to launch and cheered wildly as the shuttle's engines blasted the craft toward space. Students continued to cheer and blow their party horns for only a few seconds, until someone yelled, "Damn it! There's a major malfunction. Shut up so we can hear."
Ea.stem students, too, seemed shocked by the tragedy, but most considered the accident a setback for the shuttle program, not a. fa.tal blow to further spa.ce exploration. Sophomore John Phillips sa.id, ''I was pretty shocked. You don't expect something like this after 24 perfect missions, but I would go up in the shuttle in a minute. I have a lot of confidence in the program." Freshman Mary Beth Petry sa.id, "They're going to fmd out what happened and learn from their mistakes." Orland Park teacher Dale Boatright, one of 11,146 applicants for President Ronald Reagan's "teacher in space" program, for which McAuliffe was selected, sa.id the tragedy would not deter him from a shuttle expedition. -Associated Press. Above, the Space Shuttle Challenger exploded shortly after liftoff with a crew of seven members. The seven member crew was killed in the first fatal accident in 55 space missions. News/57
"My thought at the time was that the experience would be an incomparable learning experience," he said, adding that relating the experience "is unparalleled in most of education." It should be remembered that "the teacher in space had to be a brave person," he added. Sanders said, ''These people were our heroes at a time when our society does not have an abundance of heroes." Ed Brazil of Eastern's political science department suggested that the loss of these heroes could have been averted. ''It's pretty apparrent that a lot of things done in space can be done by machine," he said. But Joley disagreed. ''There is no substitute for having human beings on these types of craft," Joley said. ''No machine can duplicate what the human mind and spirit can do." Despite the loss of life and the obvious setback to the shuttle program, its future seems intact. The evening of the tragedy, President Reagan said, 'We will continue our quest in space. There will be more shuttle flights and more shuttle crews and, yes, more volunteers, more civilians, more teachers in space." Eastern science instructor James Stratton said he could not believe the explosion occurred, but said, "it's not going to stop the program. This is the Opposite page: The crew included (from left front): Michael J. Smith, Francis R. (Dick) Scobee and Ronald E. McNair; (from left rear): Ellison S. Onizuka, Sharon Christa McAuliffe, Gregory Jarvis and Judith A. Resnik. McAuliffe, a teacher from New Hampshire, was to be the first teacher in space. This page: The shuttle lifted off after many delays Jan. 28, 1986. NASA officials said there were no problems apparent at the time of liftoff.
future; it's where the action is regardless of the risk involved." Shee Mang Yen, acting head of the aeronautical and astronautical engineering department at the University of Dlinois, also expressed optimism about the space program's future. "I think in the immediate future it may mean a delay in the number of missions planned. But second, and hopefully on the good side, we'll learn something from the failure so we can improve safety. ''I think the program will be further improved, rather than curtailed," he added. Whether the cause of this tragedy will ever be determined remained unclear a week after the incident. The shuttle program's future, too, remained unknown. The long-term impact of the accident may take years to surface. But the shock of a nation seems without question. Sanders may have summed up the shuttle tragedy's impact best when he '' We will continue our quest in space. There will be more shuttle flights and more shuttle crews and, yes, more volunteers, more civilians, more teachers in space. -President Ronald Reagan -------'' said, "I think you will remember 20 years from now what you were doing when this happened, just as I remember what I was doing when (President John) Kennedy was assasinated."• - compiled by Susan McCann with contributions by Daily Eastern News reports, Sonita Oldfield and Associated Press reports News/59
College of Business Coleman lot to house new facility Lt•s say you're a business student. When you registered for classes during the summer, 10 minutes seemed like plenty of time to get from your 8 a.m. class at Blair Hall to your 9 a.m. class at Coleman Hall. The sun was out and there was a cool breeze to make the trip seem like a quick, pleasant excursion. Mter winter hit, that "pleasant excursion" seemed more like an arctic trek. Now, let's say you are a business instructor. You also have 10 minutes to get from Blair to Coleman Hall, but you also have to stay a few minutes after class to talk with a student about grades. Then, you have to gather up your visual aids, students' papers, perhaps even an overhead projector and make the same trip. On the way over, you pass another business instructor, but you don't recognize each other because your offices are in different buildings. Ted Ivarie, dean of the College of Business, said he believes most instructors and students are unhappy with their current class locations. ''These are rooms no one else wants," lvarie said. "Often these rooms don't have all the equipment they are supposed to, like overhead projectors. So teachers have to take their own to class." 'There is a problem of identity," with the current system, lvarie said. 'The offices are split, about 60 percent in Blair and 40 percent in Coleman. Students don't know where their teachers' offices are." ''It wouldn't go very far to say that business teachers in different disciplines, such as marketing and finance, wouldn't even recognize each other," Ivarie added. However, 1986 saw plans shaping up that could eliminate most of these problems for the College of Business, which currently has its classrooms, instructors and administrative offices scattered across campus. Specifically, plans were made to establish a single facility for the College of Business. The Illinois Board of Higher Education will send a budget to the Illinois General Assembly in July 1986 that includes $6 million for the construction of an annex to Coleman Hall that will house the College of Business. $230,000 in planning money has already been given to the project from the Build Illinois program. lvarie estimated the project would be complete by 1991, around the same time of the college's accreditation project. The college is currently involved in expanding into a fully accredited program. The estimated $6 million project follows years of problems finding space for the college, Ivarie said. ''Eastern is following a nationwide pattern," of increasing business enrollments, lvarie said. Almost onethird of Eastern's students-about 3,000-are enrolled in the College of Business, he said. -::s ~ I This page: Left, in 1 991 the Coleman Hall parking lot will hold the school of business after the expansion. Right, Blair Hall is curently where most of the business classes are held. 60/News Enrollment had reached 3,800 before the college began "reducing arbitrarily" the number through a separate admissions program for the College of Business, lvarie said. ''If not for that (separate admissions) at least 45 percent of Eastern's enrollment would be in the College of Business," lvarie said. "We did it to maintain quality." 'We hope the expansion will allow us to increase enrollment." In mia-January 1986, no architect and no final plans had been selected for the project. However, lvarie could provide some details of what to expect from the project. The annex would be about 45,000 square feet of usable space for facilities, enough room for roughly 15 to 20 new classrooms, "nearly all the classes we need ... you never have enough," lvarie said. The new facilities will also include seminar rooms, conference rooms, an auditorium and offices for faculty and administrators, lvarie said. lvarie could not say where the addition would be built. More than likely, he said, the expansion would be built at the south end of Coleman Hall, where there is now a parking lot. However, the parking spaces need not be lost. lvarie said the addition could be joined to Coleman on the second and third floors, leaving the parking lot open for use. • -Bill Dennis
-Larry Peterson 62/News
~ill-FM hits the air Radically different sound is here On July 1, a new sound came to Eastern-the sound of WEIU. The campus radio station, which can be found at 88.9 on the FM dial, replaced former cable system WELH in an effort to increase the number of listeners. Another aspect of the station intended to increase listenership is the wide variety of music played at WEIU. "We're playing music you can't hear on any other stations," Faculty Adviser Joe Heumann said shortly before WEIU hit the airwaves. He added that the station's format consists of "radically different programs every night." Programs feature reggae/ska, jazz, oldies, selected artists or funk and soul, depending on the night of the week. As a non-commercial station, WEIU must devote 96 minutes of its 4 p.m.- midnight broadcast time to news, Heumann said. Some of this news time is filled by two new programs-the EIU Report, and County Line, focusing on Charleston and the surrounding area. ''No school has the 'state-of-the-art' things that we have," Heumann said, referring to the new station's equipment and power. This 'state-of-the-art' equipment is a recent addition to Eastern's facilities. But radio has been a part of Eastern's history since 1949, according to "A Brief History of Radio at EIU." At that time, a campus radio program operated from the tower in Old Main and was broadcast through WLBH, Mattoon. By the mid-fifties, radio programs were sent out from the art wing of the Fine Arts Center. In 1963, the radio station again moved, this time to the Booth Library Lecture Room. It was at that point that Eastern had its own official radio station with the call letters, WELH. Nine years later, in 1972, WELH began broadcasting through the Liberty Cable Television System so area residents had access to the station. In 1979, Eastern President Daniel Marvin appointed a Radio and Television Study Committee to study the feasibility of having a Radio and Television Center at Eastern. Construction permits for the center and for a 200 ft. self-supporting tower were granted in 1982, and Eastern President Stanley Rives approved the funds for the new station in 1984. WEIU operates at 4,000 watts, with a 32-mile radius and 150,000 potential listeners, General Manager John Beabout said. The birth of WEIU was a welcome one, not only for listeners who enjoy a different sound than the top-40 stations offer, but for students interested in the radio broadcasting field. • -Diana Winson -Rick Kottke Opposite page: Former Eastern President Daniel Marvin christens the new WEIU-FM radio tower while Director of University Relations Daniel Thornburgh and Eastern President Stanley Rives look on. This page: Disc jockey Tom Gillespie spins discs for the new WEIU-FM station. Whether playing reggae, jazz, oldies or funk and soul, WEIU's student disc jockeys recieve hands-on experience. News/63
Akins'TI Lots of candidates, few voters Arter a spring filled with controversy and impeachments, the 1985 student government election was a bitterly contested race. Students finally had a choice. There were four parties originally on the ballot and several independent candidates. Former University Board president Floyd Akins persevered throughout the campaign to defeat senate veteran Ron Wesel by a 507 vote margin to become Eastern's student body president. Akins led the vote-getting with 1,238 of the 2,551 votes cast. Wesel trailed in second place with 729, while the Justice League candidate Dane Buczkowski, independent Dan Ziccarelli and Bhopal party candidate Jon-Pierre Frenza finished out the field. Buczkowski, who at the last minute combined the Justice League and the Bhopal parties into one with Frenza's support, said, ''I think it's great that Floyd got in there. 'Club Senate' is dead. I'm not disappointed at all." And former student body president Joe Butler, who was unceremoniously impeached from his office in January, 1985, expressed support for the Justice League for Bhopal. But after the election he said, "I think it's (the election result) great. Club Senate zero, the people 'won.' Floyd did it. He'll do a good job." "It's funny how all the people who wanted to impeach me lost today ... ha, ha, ha," Butler added. Akins led the TIME party, an acronym for Taking an Interest, Making an Effort. He topped a list of candidates who included Gigi Kupsche for executive vice president, Ann Hasara for financial vice president, Mike Ashack for Board of Governors representative, and John Durante, for at-large senator. "I'm glad its over," Akins said following the reading of the election results. ''It was a hard campaign. The candidates were qualified." "We wanted the students' voice to be heard, and it was heard," he said. ''I want more student input. The only way I can (complete my goals) is if the students back me. If I have 100 percent support, I shouldn't have any problems." 64/News But despite the warm and sunny weather which prevailed during election day, Eastern students were apathetic about voting. Election day totals were the lowest since 1979. Elections co-chairman Larry Markey, who was later elected senate speaker, said he was disappointed with the low turnout. Although the 1985 voter turnout was relatively low, Markey and Akins both agreed that the turnout among black voters may have risen. Although there are no available figures on how many black students voted, Akins believes the black vote helped him. Akins is Eastern's second back student -Rick Stuckey body president. The first was Clayborne Dungy, who was elected in 1962, the year of Akins' birth. "The black voters came out," Akins said after the votes were counted. "That's why all of us got in here. It's going to help minority students, period." Markey agreed the black vote may have played a larger factor in this election than in the past. "From what I was seeing at the polls, from individuals walking in, there was a greater turnout by the black population than the previous year," he added. While Akins was busy leading his troop, Student Senate Speaker Wesel composed his 'Quality' party. The ticket included senate incumbents Kim
-Frank Polich Swanson, for the executive vice president post, and Barry Shawgo, running for BOG representative. Wesel was optimistic about his future despite the loss to Akins. "I'm going to retire to the Glenn Good Home for Student Government Leaders," he joked. Good, a former senate speaker, lost to Butler in 1984. ''Floyd did a better job of selling his message," Wesel said. ''He said it was time for a change, but I don't know if inexperience will change anything. In the race for executive vice president, Quality's Swanson swept the field with a total of 1,161 votes from a -Frank Polich Opposite page: Newly elected Student Body President Floyd Akins takes over the office left by Angelynn Richardson. This page: Top, Quality candidate Ron Wesel is consoled by Tammy Walker after losing his bid for student body president. Bottom, Brian Peterlinz stands to make a point during the announcement of the winners in the election. total of 2,551 votes cast. TIME candidate Kupsche followed with 826 and Justice League for Bhopal candidate Kathleen Polanek garnered 320 votes. But TIME, with the exception of the executive vice president's race, held strong and managed to gain three of the top four senate seats. Hasara garnered the largest share of the votes for financial vice president with 1,040 votes. She was followed by Quality's Steve Hogan with 825 and Justice League for Bhopal Rex Armstrong with 420. Some 2,597 students voted in the race. In the race for Board of Governors representative, TIME's Ashack led the voting with 934 votes, followed by Quality's Shawgo with 888 votes. Independents Chuck McCann and John Flaherty tied for third place with 236 votes each. In the Student Senate residence hall races, Quality candidates Colleen Murphy and Janice Horsman, Justice League for Bhopal candidate Darin Bowen and independent Jim Mueller took the open seats. Winners in the off-campus race included Quality candidates Laura Arman and Mike Regan, Justice League for Bhopal candidates Darrin Buczkowski and Jaime Martinez and independent Julie Beard. Winners in the at-large races included TIME's John Durante, Quality candidates Marcia Brehm, Suzanne Murrie, and John Carmin. Independent candidate Joe O'Mera and Justice League for Bhopal candidates Terry Mueller and Doug Anderson rounded out the field. Students defeated a senate referendum which would have eliminated the 12 credit hour and 2.0 grade point average requirement for students active in student government. Under the new proposal the GPA requirement would have been totally abolished and there would be no class load requirement. With the defeat of the proposal, the current 12 hour requirement, as well as the required 2.0 GPA, are still in effect. The proposal failed by a vote of 1,135- 1,010 . • -Lori Edwards and Julie Zook News/65
Choate wins Administrator reigns as new mayor rhe old "town versus gown" image of he college community was perhaps 'ever more openly challenged in ~harleston than in the mayoral election f Apri12, 1985. By 2 a.m. the morning after the ballots 1ad been cast, the results were clear. )espite indications students had, as tSual, not voted, the new man in the nayor's office, a man put there almost xclusively by Charleston's permanent •esidents, was also an Eastern adninistrator. The man was Murray Choate, ~stem's associate director of adnissions. He and retired Charleston >Olice officer Jack Turner were the two mknowns in the primaries, standing just mtside the spotlight that gleamed on Jlancy Pfeiffer, the incumbent mayor, md Olga Durham, a city council member Nith ties to Eastern. But when the primaries knocked l'urner and Pfeiffer out of the race, har~ston voters were left with an ,musual choice for mayor: Choate, an Eastern employee, and Durham, a former art instructor at Eastern and the Fife of an Eastern arts and sciences ..nstructor. The fact that Durham and Choate were ~parated by only three votes in their oint primary victories-880 to 883, respectively-assured an interesting general election, to say the least. Amazingly, these two candidates with university connections were carried through the primaries with almost no ,help from roughly half of Charleston's population. The five predominantly atudent precincts cast a total of only 606 votes, out of a total of 2,625 cast citywide. However, those students who did vote made it clear who their choice was. Garnering 284 votes from the prodominantly student precincts, Durham walked away from the other three candidates, whose combined total was only 316. The lines were drawn, and an Easternaffiliated candidate was on either side of it. In Charleston, the municipal elections are technically nonpartisan. But by the time the Choate-Durham contest got under way, there was no denying the possibility that partisan politics had found its way into the race. This was especially evident on campus, where both candidates set up student campaign committees with notable ties to Eastern's student political parties. Junior Randy Saucier was one of many Young Republicans at Eastern who threw his support behind Choate, although Saucier insisted that the Choate campaign was not being headed by the Young Republicans. However, Saucier did accuse the College Democrats of doing just that for Durham. "It (the campaign) defmitely has turned into a partisan election," Saucier told The Daily Eastern News after the primaries, in reference to the fact that Durham's student campaign committee was run largely by members of the College Democrats. "Since it is a nonpartisan election, we (the Young Republicans) are going io stay out of it. I just think that the Republicans have more respect for that (nonpartisan) system." Ken Sjorslev, a member of the College Democrats and chairman of Durham's student campaign, defended Durham's campaign, saying its members had made an effort to keep partisan politics out of the campaign. "There are Young Republicans who are helping out (on the Durham committee),'' Sjorslev told the News in February. ''I offered a co-chairmanship to any Republican who wanted it, and no one wanted it." Like their student campaigners, both Durham and Choate maintained that their on-campus campaigns had steered clear of partisan politics. "' never asked what political persuasion these kids were," Durham said. ''I hope to appeal broadly to all students, and I really want this to stay away from partisan divisions." Choate waa.similarly adamant about Opposite page: Newly elected Charleston Mayor Murray Choate, Eastern's associate director of admissions, gives 1is smile of approval after receiving the results of the '85 'Tlayoral election held in April. his nonpartisanship. "My supporters are with whatever party they happen to be with. They may want to see it that way (politically) ... but as far as I'm concerned, it was a nonpartisan election." Meanwhile, Pfeiffer, the incumbent who had just lost his second-term bid in the primaries, questioned the techniques Durham and Choate had used in their student campaigns. ''It was partisan," Pfeiffer said, after he had lost to Durham and Choate in the primaries. "It was very partisan. I was told not to be, and I wasn't." Pfeiffer also questioned whether the two remaining candidates were using students to get at himself and each other. ''I hated to see them (Durham and Choate) trying to get the students stirred up by saying they were (being treated like) second-class citizens, because I never saw them that way," he said. '1 would hate to see them stir up the students (during the runoff) just to win an election. I think that's bad business." Bad business or not, the candidates were apparently unsuccessful in getting students to the polls. Choate won a narrow victory over Durham by a 168- vote margin out of nearly 4,000 ballots cast, but less than 1,000 of those votes came from Charleston's predominantlystudent precincts. However, once again, Durham walked away with what few student votes there were. In precincts 15 through 18, which include a majority of Eastern's student housing and apartment complexes, Durham carried 481 votes against Choate's 266. But that small victory for Durham was not enough to prevent the bigger citywide defeat. Nor was it enough to stifle the new mayor's elation over breaching the infamous "town versus gown" perception of Charleston and Eastern. "You can check the records," a buoyant Choate said when he learned of his victory, ''but I think this is the flrst time an Eastern employee was elected mayor of Charleston.''• -Kevin McDermott News/67
College costs Aid for money woes W ith tuition at $706.95 for underclassmen and $730.95 for upperclassmen, the cost of education is not always easily met. To help meet the rising cost of education, Financial Aid Director John Flynn said 7,000 Eastern students received some sort of financial assistance during the 1984-85 school and estimated that between 65 and 67 percent received some sort of financial assistance during the 1985-86 school year. Flynn labeled financial assistance as anything from regular student employment to graduate assistantships. Flynn said he expects the figures to remain relatively the same for the next few years because Eastern's federal program is remaining constant. The fmancial aid office estimates the cost of living for one school year for a student living in the residence hall including tuition, fees and spending money to be $4,978. "Some students may spend more than that," Flynn said. "A lot of them spend less because they tighten their belts. They don't buy new clothes and pizzas. They adjust their their living cost by expenditures." Flynn added that many students will spend more than that because they have the resources. "Some horro:w when they don't have to," he said. But what happens when the money runs out? 68/News There is no data on how many students cannot return to Eastern because of fmancial reasons, Flynn said. ''It's relative. There are going to be students who have to withdraw because of lack of funds," Flynn explained. "These are not necessarily financially poor students." Basically fmancially secure students who drop out because of lack of funds may do so because they haven't learned to adjust their living style. Some students may disguise other reasons for leaving as financial, because fmancial it is an acceptable reason, Flynn said. Flynn cited resources that can be tapped when it seems impossible to find money. "Those whose family income is below $30,000, can receive Guaranteed Student Loans. Even if the income is above' $30,000, the student can borrow the parent's contribution figure." In addition to student loans there are loans availible to parents. In addition, there are many scholarships availible that Flynn believes students are unaware of. "'t has to start with the high school counselor," Flynn said. "Students have to be made aware of what's availible locally." Flynn gave examples including Talented Student Awards given through departments, local unions and Business Women's Association scholarships that are based on merit, not on need that many students are not aware they may be eligible for. Flynn added that there are publications availible in the library to aid students in finding out what is availible and what they are eligible for. When the resources seem to be exhausted, some students turn to the counseling center for guidance. ''It's not an unusual concern at all," Bud Sanders, director of the counseling center said. "With tuition, fees and living expenses, students often worry about where the money will come from." "We have some students working more than they should be to meet their expenses," Sanders said adding that there are some working and sending money home due to parents being laid off. "The student is concerned with both their responsibilities here and at home," Sanders said. "You have to decide what the responsibility is here and at home and how much you can do." Sanders said they direct the financially troubled student to the fmancial aid office. They also check to see if there are ways to manage their money better. While the financial aid office tries to help all the students they can, Flynn said, "There's not going to be an answer for everybody. Some are going to have to tough it out."• -Jean. Wright Opposite page: An Easten student stares at her pile of bills as she tries to figure out where she is going to get the money to pay them all.
Education up Business enrollment saturated Enrollment trends among individual departments have come and gone at Eastern through the years, leaving each field their days of glory as well as their times of trouble. In the '50s, the trend was toward education. Teachers were in great demand across the country. School districts were recruiting teachers faster than universities could educate them. James Knott, placement director at Eastern for 25 years, said the education trend continued through the '60s with more than 133 school districts recruiting on Eastern's campus. "Sometimes I had to wait outside a student's classroom because a superintendant would be waiting in my office to interview him (the student) for a position," said Knott. He added that some recruiters would come from all over the United States to find qualified teachers. The late '50s and '60s also brought about great technological changes in our way of life. The space age was in full swing thanks to the launching of the Russian satellite Sputnik in 1957. The demand for students in math and science programs was booming as America raced to the skies and beyond. The need for professionals in the computer field also began growing, with anxious employers hiring anyone with a basic interest and or one or two beginning courses. But as the '70s approached students became more specialized, and having a 70/News college education was no longer enough to qualify a student for "any old job." Education dropped rapidly and the demand for teachers no .longer exceeded the supply. More students were turning to the world of business for secure, higher paying careers. This trend started snowballing in the seventies and presently continues to gain momentum as Eastern's own College of Business attempts to maintain a "quality control program" by strictly regulating the number of students enrolled. Ted Ivarie, Eastern dean for the College of Business, said that if the college had been allowed to continue growing at its peak rate ''we would account for 45-50 percent of the total university enrollment." Ivarie said that the enrollment had to be controlled to maintain quality within the college. He also said there were several problems brought about by the rapid growth. "The average class size was becoming too large to continue serving business students successfully," Ivarie said."We also have very limited facilities to work with." Quality business instructors are also in short supply, Ivarie said. He added that they are very expensive to hire, as well. Ivarie isn't the university's only dean happy with the stabilization in the College of Business's enrollment. Walter Lowell, dean of health, physical education and recreation. said that his department, along with others, lost several students to the College of Business. "I think you'll find that every college lost something to business," said Lowell. "They (College of Business) have grown to their potential so we have once again stabilized as well." More students also seem to be turning back to education as a career choice. George Schlinsog, dean of the school of education, said fall enrollment figures showed an increase in education majors. Schlinsog is also predicting a second boom in the field. He said many of the teachers who were in such high demand in years past are now ap- proaching retirement age. He also said another factor in the predicted education trend can be directly related to the "baby boom" generation. "Their (baby boomers) children are all reaching school age," Schlinsog said, adding that there is a defmite "overall upward trend in the field." t'Teaching is a rewarding career," said Schlinsog. ''Employment opportunities are defmitely improving and high salary increases are expected as well." History seems to be repeating itself at Eastern. Perhaps Eastern will see a trend toward the School of Education draining students from the College of Business in the near future. • -Cam Simpson
-·- -DiaM Winson -Rick Kottke This page: Top, lecture classes such as this one in Coleman Hall are usually filled with anywhere from 1 00·250 students. Bottom, these students enjoy a stroll on their way to class during the fall semester. News/71
Academic dishonesty 'Cons' of cheating override 'pros' C heating lurks in nearly every classroom in one form or another. Some say it is dishonest. Others say it is just a way of coping with pressure to get good grades. But cheating doesn't just mean copying off the person next to you during a test. There are various forms of cheating. According to "A Student Guide to Academic Integrity," (printed and revised Fall, 1985 by the Judicial Affairs Office), there are six components of academic dishonesty. They include: obtaining unauthorized information, tendering of information, conspiracy, misrepresentation, plagiarism and bribery. The brochure also says that common trickery such as copying graded homework assignments from another student is considered "obtaining unauthorized information." "Tendering of information" happens when one student informs another student of what is on an exam. Plagiarism is defined as a student copying an entire paper from someone else or using information verba tum from a book or publication. There are several consequences which can occur if a student is found cheating or plagiarizing. First, the instructor informs the Judicial Affairs office and the incident is put on the student's disciplinary file, Keith Kohanzo, university judicial board hearing officer, said. Kohanzo said academic/grade penalties usually resulting in a failing grade for the assignment or the course is imposed depending on the severity of the case. Kohanzo said that after the failing grade is written, the case is presented to the Judicial Board which decides on a fit form of punishment. Punishment ranges from probation to suspension or even expulsion. If the student admits to cheating, the grade penalty is imposed, in addition to other sanctions, as stated in the Student Conduct Code, which is a written explanation of university rules printed and revised fall 1985 by the Judicial Affairs Office. 72/News Kohanzo said, if a student denies charges of cheating, a hearing will be provided by the Judicial Affairs Office. If still found guilty by the board, he may be placed on probation, suspended, or expelled, in addition to receiving a failing grade for the assignment or the course. If a student feels that his sentence was a bit extreme, there is a right to appeal it. ''We do permit procedural appeals," Kohanzo said. "So, I feel this is fair." Glenn Williams, vice president for student affairs, added that after the board's decision is made, an appeal may be made within the three days following the board's decision. Kohanzo stressed that appeals cannot be changed just because the student is unhappy with the decision. Appeals may pnly occur when the student feels the board was "too severe or too biased." During the 1984-1985 school year, Kohanzo received only 12 calls concerning charges of student academic dishonesty from instructors. Of the 12 students reported, four were supended, which is at least for one semester. Two of the four had taken an exam for the other one. Going through this judicial process can be confusing, let alone difficult. So why do students bother to cheat when the penalities hardly seem worth the price of one good grade in a class? Christine Helsel, a speech communication instructor said she thinks students cheat probably "for a lack of preparation. It's the easy way to do it." English instructor Pat Wright said he feels students cheat "because some don't have any confidence in themselves." Wright added that he sees more instances of cheating in the upper division classes, not freshmen level classes. Kohanzo said there is not a specific class that shows more instances of cheating. Plagiarism is a serious problem in English because a lot of emphasis is - Rick Kottke
placed on writing, instructor Beth Kalikoff said. Kalikoff added that she can tell when a student has committed plagiarism due to the "drastically changed" writing style. However, some instructors and students said although not defined by the university as "academic dishonesty," they consider sorority and fraternity test files types of cheating. Most fraternity and sorority presidents or scholarship chairmen said they have some form of a test file. However, most also said the tests were very old, some even dating back to the mid-70s, and were basically used as study guides. One sorority member said, "I don't feel it's cheating if it's made avalable to more than one student." She said it is the same as an instructor placing a test on file in the library. A fraternity member said his house file has members' notes, syllabus files and study guides "to supplement the educational process." However, despite the fact that most houses don't have updated test files, but syllabus flles, class notes and projects, some members disapprove of using them. One sorority member said, "Even if I have access to it, I won't look at it." She added that using tests from the past might be like a study guide for some. Robert Timblin, a sociology instructor, said test files "were unfair" because some students would have copies of the test and not all students would have access to the files. No matter how one views any of these forms of cheating, the school still sanctions them, and administrators, instructors and many student also are opposed to cheating. "If you cheat, or don't do what you're supposed to do in a place like this, what happens is that you've cheated yourself," said Edgar Schick, vice president for academic affairs. He added that none of us would probably want to go to a doctor who -Rick Kottke cheated his way through medical school li!enn Williams, vice president for student affairs, said academic dishonesty does two things. "It denies knowledge to the person who practices dishonesty and it penalizes people who don't practice academic dishonesty." Wright added that cheating, especially plagiarism, lowers the cumulative grade point average for the entire class, as well as the student who committed the act. ''There is no royal road to knowledge," Williams said. ''The road to knowledge is hard work, effort and devotion."• -Debbie Pip pitt Opposite page: Fortran instructor Becky Nichols reads Eastern's Academic Integrity Policy to one of her classes. Instructors are required to follow the policy which outlines the rules concerning cheating and other forms of academic dishonesty. This page: Although this is only an illustration, students who get caught cheating may face a similar predicament. News/73
Achievement awards Students, faculty, workers honored T hose individuals who prove themselves to be outstanding at Eastern should receive more than just a pat on the back. And Eastern does reward these people with more than just an occasional verbal congratulation. Daniel Thornburgh, director of Wliversity relations, estimated that there are 7f> awards given to students annually and "they keep getting added to." Thornburgh said the most prestigious of the 75 awards are the Livingston C. Lord Memorial Scholarships. The awards were established by the alumni association of the university in memory of Eastern President Lord, who served from 1H9H-19:3:!. According to Eastern's catalog, the awards are given annually at commencement to two junior or senior students. one who is enrolled in a teacher preparatirm curriculum and one who is enrolk.i in any curriculum within the university. However,in 1985, six scholarships wen> awarded. Winners for 1984-85 werP Cathy Berns. Laurie DeReuiter, Susan Hankenson, Rhonda Bigham, 74/News ,, My teache rs encouraged me to do it. I was really excited when I found out that I had won. -Michele Helregel 1985 winner Dougherty Scholarship -------'' Ronda Leathers and Carolyn Wilkie. Each winner was awarded $2,500. Thornburgh described the foundation's awards as a way of {.,riving scholastic assistance to students. "Most of them honor scholastic achievement." he added. Michele Helregel, a senior from St. Marie, received both the Dougherty Scholarship and the .Jane Lahy Award. The Dougherty Scholarship was established by a bequest of EWlice W. Dougherty to go annually to outstanding junior students enrolled in the college of business or the college of arts and sciences. Helregel said a 3.95 GPA or better was required to apply for the scholarship. Also, she had to carry 16 semester hours and be a junior business education major. "I would never have applied for it. My teachers encouraged me to do it," Helregel said. "I was really excited when I found out that I won." Jennifer Eihl. a senior from Naperville. received the Bobbie King Memorial Scholarship. The scholarship was established in 1966 in memory of Bobbie King by her parents. The award is given annually to a junior or senior demonstrating outstanding achievement in the study of foreign languages. Eihl said that a :3.5 GPA was required and that you must be a junior when you receive the award. "The money is supposed to be used for travel," Eihl said. "I used mine for a trip to Canada." "Probably some people don't even know about the award," Eihl said, adding that you don't have to apply for the award-you are automatically nominated by being a foreign language major with a high G PA.
Abestos removal Long, costly process begins A long time ago, in a land not too far away, something was was discovered for use in the creation of fireproof material. Everyone used it then, but no one knew the potential harm it could have on future inhabitants of the city. There were very few places the material was not used. Not even Eastern could escape its doom. In October, university officials discovered that buildings on campus had also been plagued with the carcinogenic material called asbestos. The story began sometime in May 1984 when initial air samples were taken for asbestos in the Union Grand Ballroom, Physical Plant and Life Science Building by Apple Contractors, Taylorville. When the sampling results were returned, officals learned there was .3 fibers of asbestos per cubic centimeter of air in the Union Grand Ballroom, .1 fibers in the Physical Plant and .01 fibers in the Life Science Building. Marion "Jake" Zane, acting vice president for administration and finance, said then that, "the known amount of asbestos is well within the safe levels standards that have been esablished by the Environmental Protection Agency. However, a spokesman from the regional EPA office in Chicago said no safe levels had been established by the EPA. Bruce Varner, hazardous air pollutant coordinator for EPA region six, said, 'There is no such thing as a safe leveL The only safe level is zero, and that's not practical." But, Zane noted that the asbestos was not dangerous because "it is covered or encapsulated and not falling into the 76/News '' There is no such thing as a safe level. The only safe level is zero, and that's not practical. -Bruce Varner Coordinator EPA region six ------------------------------'' environment so it does not pose any threat." However, Physical Plant Director Everett Alms said before a coat of paint was sprayed on the shop ceilings, asbestos fell freely into the atmosphere. After obtaining the results from the three initial air samples, Eastern officals sought a professional firm to investigate asbestos usage on campus and to determine where it is present. After the Board of Govenors approved $2.5 million refinancing of bonds over a three year period for the necessary testing, Eastern hired Carnow, Conibear and Associates, Ltd., Chicago, to conduct a study of all campus buildings for possible asbestos usage. The study, which was completed during the summer and returned to Eastern Oct. 27, revealed asbestoscontaining materials in several buildings on campus whose removal is estimated to cost more than $3 mllion over a five-year period. Verna Armstrong, who was appointed vice president for administration and finance in November 1985, said, "While the report is of very serious concern to the university, the amount of asbestos found will not necessitate the closing of any buildings except when repairs are being done. The report said the most seriously affected are mechanical rooms, basement areas, pipe-elbow joints and insulated pipes. Initial steps were planned to start the removal the material during winter break and have it continue for several years until all asbestos has been removed. Asbestos was removed by Apple Contractors, Inc. from elbow joints in Thomas Hall rooms, Thomas-Andrews, Lincoln-Stevenson-Douglas and TaylorLawson food services and some rooms of Taylor Hall during winter break. Asbestos removal will continue through the spring semester. • -Amy Zurawski Opposite page: Elbow pipes containing asbestos still remained in 48 rooms in Taylor Hall at the beginning of spring semester. Several rooms in Taylor had the asbestos removed during winter break. Additional removal was planned for spring break. Residents whose rooms still contained asbestos were issued informational letters cautioning them not to tamper with the pipe~ .
- -Rick Stuckey News/77
IBHE Admission standards hiked Arter much controversy, The illinois Board of Higher Education set standardized college admission requirements on Nov. 5, 1985, for all illinois state universities and junior colleges. Before the IBHE made their decision, each institution was responsible for setting their own admission standards. Eastern President Stanley Rives, along with many educators around the state, had voiced their opposition to the new IBHE admission requirements before they were eventually passed. Eastern's · Council on Academic Affairs, preferring the admission standards they had approved for the university, passed a resolution opposing the requirements, which they sent to the IBHE. However, any opposition failed to dissuade IBHE members, who overwhelmingly passed the measure. The admission requirements the IBHE passed are more difficult than those currently required by Eastern. They will go into effect in 1990, affecting next year's freshman high school class. Those high school students will need to have taken and passed four years of English; three years of math, social studies and laboratory science; and two years of foreign language or fine arts, to be admitted into Eastern or any other public university or junior college in nlinois. The IBHE believed that increasing college admission requirements would inevitably raise the level of education in the state. It also is likely that the requirements will force many smaller high schools to consolidate so they can offer their students the increased number of courses they now need to enter college. The CAA and other Eastern officials said they opposed the requirements and believed admission standards should be set by individual institutions, arguing that all universities, colleges and junior colleges are different and cater to different students. Eastern officials also argued that the requirements would force students to make the decision on whether or not to attend college too young, possibly as ear78/News ly as their high school freshman year. If the decision was made any later, there would not be enough time for the student to take all of the courses he would need for college admission. However, Eastern administrators are not yet predicting any changes in the school's enrollment resulting from the new statewide college admission requirements. "I honestly don't think they will affect enrollment," Rives said. Although the new requirements are more stringent, Samuel Taber, dean of student academic services, also believes they will not cause a decrease in Eastern's enrollment. "I don't look for it to have a dramatic effect," Taber said. Taber added that all schools are expecting a slight decline in enrollment in the future, because there are less people of high school age as there were in the past. Taber did a random study of 100 applications Eastern received from freshmen this year. Although he declined to release the results of the study, he did say the percentage of students who could have been admitted under the new IBHE requirements was low. However, those students did meet Eastern's current admission requirements, Taber said, adding that most of the students didn't take an increased number of courses because they didn't have to. Dale Wolf, director of admissions, said students are not going to take a course if they know they don't have to, so the key to the new requirements is informing high school students that they exist. When the admission requirements were being proposed, many educators opposed them because they felt that upping college admission requirements would make it too much harder for minorities, as well as other students, to continue their education by going to college. Although Johnetta Jones, director of Afro-American studies, does not agree the requirements will not affect enrollment, she does agree informing students is the key. "It (a drop in minority enrollment) depends on how much work is done at the elementary level and in high school," Jones said. Minorities have got to be informed of what they need for college admission, she said. "If they are not told, then yes, it (the requirements) will have an impact because minorities, traditionally, make the decision to come to college at the last minute," Jones said. Wolf and Taber said the new admission requirements will not discriminate against minorities. The requirements will "affect all students, in general. They (minorities) will be in the same boat as everyone else, as long as they get quality counseling," Wolf said. Administrators cited two main reasons why enrollments are not expected to drop drastically because of increased admission requirements: the long period of time before the new requirements go into effect, and the IBHE allowing "provisional" admissions. "I think there is enough advance notification," Rives said concerning the four years until the requirements go into effect. The adjustment period is an advantage, Wolf said. Eastern is upping its admission requirements in 1988, and then upping them again in 1990 to meet the IBHE standards, giving the school and students time to adjust. The second reason given as to why enrollment may not drop is that the IBHE is going to allow "provisional" admission for some students who failed to meet the new requirements. Any decisions made locally on what those provisions are to be would have to come before the Council on Academic Affairs for approval, Taber said. The CAA sets the schools admission policies. • -Mike Burke Opposite page: Although one of the last things on their minds is probably planning their college careers, if these students-eighth graders at Charleston Junior High School-go on to a university in Illinois they will have to be doing some serious decisionmaking next year as high school freshmen in order to accummulate the course work necessary for college admission under the IBHE's new standards.
- - ·-~ Black numbers fall Recruiting efforts stepped up B lack enrollment at universities and colleges across Illinois has steadily declined over the last 10 years, and Eastern is no exception to the trend. In fact, Eastern has the lowest percentage of black students among the five Board of Governor's schools according to the BOG. Eastern's black enrollment has declined from 631 black students in the fall of 1977 to 448 in the fall of 1985. Eastern campus officials have said a more stringent dismissal policy, instituted in the summer of 1983, is partially responsible for the decrease in Eastern's black enrollment. According to the policy, students whose grade point averages fall below 2.00 are placed on probation and must demonstrate "satisfactory progress" the next semester if they are to remain in school. Under the graduated scale, the lower the student's GPA, the higher his next semester's GPA must be to remain in school. Edgar Schick, vice president for academic affairs said he believes the policy is unfair to students. ''It's like a high jumper who knocks the bar off at 6 feet, and then we raise the bar to 6 feet 3 inches and expect him to make it,'' Schick said. Based on figures from an affirmative action report released in the spring of 1985, 33 percent of the incoming black freshmen were dismissed the first year the policy was in effect. The number of black students dismissed increased 82.7 percent under the policy. In 1982-83, under the former policy, 81 black students were dismissed, while 148 black students were dismissed in 1983-84. Of the 452 spring 1985 dismissals, 47 were black students. 80/News '' The dismissal policy had its usual impact. It was my expectation we would lose what we did. -Johnetta Jones Chairman Afro-American Studies -------'' Johnetta Jones, sociology instructor and chairman of the Mro-American studies program, said she was not surprised by the number of black students dismissed for the spring semester. "The dismissal policy had its usual impact. I hoped for better," she said. ''It was my expectation we would lose what we did." However, Eastern's Council on Academic Mfairs approved a revised dismissal policy in the summer of 1985. Under the revised policy students will have a semester grace period in which to raise their GP As. The new policy gives students with GP As below 2.00 a semester of "Academic Warning," before they are placed on probation. According to a report released for Eastern's records office, the revised policy resembles in content an affirmative action report in the spring of 1985 which cited the current dismissal policy as the number one factor in Eastern's declining minority enrollment. Eastern officials have also stated that decreases in black enrollment may also stem from recruitment problems in inner-city high schools, financial aid cutbacks from the Reagan Administration and an application cut-off date instituted from 1981-1983. Because Eastern has the lowest percentage of minority students among the five BOG schools, the university has received the fewest BOG minority internships. The internships, which are with governmental agencies and public service offices, pay the students $1,000 a month for four months. The decline of black enrollment across the state prompted the Illinois Board of Higher Education to compile a report in the spring of 1985 which stated, ''There is a deep concern about the current status of minority participation in Illinois education." The report showed that black student representation in higher education declines at each level of enrollment and degree awarded. Because of the decline, the IDHE set up a list of several priorities that should be "among the highest priorities for Illinois colleges and universities" to raise the enrollment and increase the degrees awarded to minorities. Eastern President Stanley Rives said he was glad to see the IDHE has done a ''u-turn" on the issue. "Three or four years ago they were saying that no remedial work should be done at the university and college level," be said. ''They are recognizing that some high schools in urban areas are not getting the job done." Rives said since the fiscal year 1986 budget has been approved by the general assembly, Eastern will have funds for the improvement of the reading and writing center and will be able to implement a math center. 'We will be able to provide skills that I
have not been received at the high school level," Rives said. "It doesn't help us to recruit if we don't provide those skills." Rives said he doesn't believe providing skills that were not attained at the high school level will lower Eastern's standards. "We are going to provide remedial help which will get the students to the level where they can meet that standard," he said. ''If we lower those standards, we're not serving the student." Rives added that it is Eastern's obligation to raise its minority enrollment. ''It would be too easy to say the problem's at the high school level. We can bring them here, especially with the funds we receive in the fall." But Rives said there are external factors that limit Eastern's ability to recruit. "The problems aren't going to be remedied until teacher's salaries are increased. ''We need salaries up to a respectable level," he said. ''We have to make our best efforts, and we can't sit back and say it's society's problem." Figures from the report show black enrollment in public universities has dropped 11.1 percent in the fall of 1979 to 10.1 percent in fall of 1984. The total number of black students has continually decreased each year from 20,866 in fall 1979 to 19,104 in the fall1984. Other figures from the report show that 9.8 percent of the associate degrees awarded in illinois in 1982-83 were given to blacks, 6.9 percent were awarded bachelor's degrees, 6.4 percent received master's degrees and 2.8 percent received doctorate degrees. According to the report, the IDHE would like colleges and universities to help high schools increase the completion rate for minorities and to increase the baccalaureate degree comNews/81
Black numbers cont ... pletion rate for minorities. Efforts to increase Eastern's black enrollment, which dropped from 6 percent in fall 1983 to 4 percent in fall 1984, have begun. Eastern implemented a program in mid-April that brought 27 minority students from 13 Chicago high schools to introduce them to the campus and inform them about campus life and programs. Eastern will also begin a new program which will bring high school students who have finished their junior year to spend five weeks on campus in workshops. The workshops are designed to improve students' study habits and prepare 82/News ...------~---------..LL- .r, ·--- curriculums for a career and basic competency in readirig, composition and math. "We're intensifying the whole admissions recruitment process," Rives said. ''We're trying to recruit very good students." And so far the recruitment process seems to be working for Eastern. Black enrollment increased 13 percent in the fall of 1985 from 396 black students in fall1984 to 448 in fall1985. The number of black students in the fall of 1985 is 4.5 percent of Eastern's total enrollment of 9,926. In fall1984, 4 percent of the total enrollment was black. Rives said he was pleased with the -Ricll Kottke increase but efforts must continue despite the increase. ''It's a good start, but it doesn't solve the problem," he said. "But at least we've reversed the downward trend. It is a positive sign that our own attempts to recruit minorities is beginning to pay off." However, Johnetta Jones, director of Afro-American studies at Eastern, is concerned that half of Eastern's black enrollment is freshmen. ''The pattern seems to be that black students are not going beyond their first year," she said. ''We're probably losing of incoming (black) freshmen by the end of their first year." • -Julie Cambria-Brechbill
CAA changes dismissal policy Months of angry debate and controversy ended last summer when the Council on Academic Affairs dismissed the 1984 dismissal policy. The CAA approved a revised policy which allows students a one-semester grace period before being placed on academic probation. The plan, which passed the CAA with only one opposition vote, was designed to decrease the number of students dismissed for low scholarship by allowing them more time to meet university standards. Edgar Schick, Eastern's vice president for academic affairs, said, "I'm concerned about the educational, rational inequities that the former plan has caused students. 'We have an inverted sense of what students can accomplish once they begin to get their act together," Schick added. Under the former policy, students were allowed only one semester of academic probation after their cumulative GPA had fallen below 2.00. During that time they were expected to achieve a minimum semester G P A determined by a sliding scale, with lower cumulative averages requiring higher semester GP As to remain in school. CAA member Alan Aulabaugh, who voted against the plan, said he did not understand why the policy was being considered during the summer, when most students and faculty were not present. But Schick said there were two good reasons for discussing the policy during the summer. First of all, "the goal is to have it (the new dismissal plan) in effect as soon as possible, preferably in the fall," Schick said. "If we wait until the fall, we have lost another semester. "The second concern is that we have gone through this and, I think, explained to some degree to the current council what the necessity for this change is," he added. Schick noted that the council will have many new members in the fall and the CAA would have had to rehash the issue and begin discussion over again. The dismissal plan which went into effect for the fall 1985 semester is as follows: •Students will be dismissed for poor scholarship if at the end of any grading period (semester or summer term), the student's grading period GPA is 0.00 and the cummulative is below 2.00. • A student whose cumulative GPA falls below 2.00 (but who is not subject to dismissal as indicated in number one) will be placed on academic warning. • A student on academic warning whose cumulative GPA is still below 2.00 at the end of the next grading period he is in school (but who is not subject to dismissal as indicated in number one) will be placed on academic probation. •A student on academin probation is urged to confer with his academic adviser during the term of probation to facilitate progress toward achieving good academic standing. •A student on academic probation or warning may not enroll for more than 14 semester hours during a semester, three semester hours during intersession and seven hours during the 5 and/or 8 week summer term. • A student on academic probation who has not yet achieved junior standing must earn a GPA of at least 2.10 each grading period until good academic standing is reached. A student on academic probation with junior standing or higher must earn a GPA of at least 2.25 in each grading period until good standing is reached.• -Douglas Backstrom News/83
Outside competition Union faces turnout trauma U Diversity unions were, at one time, the center of student activities. H6wever, that is changing as bars and outside entertainment take the place of the student union. Glenn Williams, vice president for student affairs, said, "It's just a different age and a whole lifestyle change." He said unions were built on campuses when little surrounded a university. Now "there's a great deal surrounding the university off campus,'' Williams said. Off campus developments and lifestyle changes have bad a destructive impact on university unions, and Eastern's Union bas also fallen victim to these factors. Eastern's Union businesses have noticed a decline in sales, especially in the food service operations. In 1980, a company called Professional Food Management took over the Union food service from the university because it had lost $72,000. Williams said the reason PFM wanted to handle the takeover was to eventually provide food service in the residence balls. However, the residence ball food service takeover never happened. Williams said the university would not allow it because "we run the balls very well." And, PFM was not successful in the Union either. After they lost $45,000, Hardee's made a successful bid to take over the Union food service and catering. Williams added that the university saves money by paying someone to run the food service. Gary Bassett, bead of the Union food service, said currently, Hardee's is in the process of submitting a proposal to the university to allow about $100,000 in renovation costs "to make it more appealing." Bassett said be would like to see the contract stay as it is, but be added that Hardee's loses "a nice sum" from year-toyear on catering. "They'd like to get rid of the catering service because they're not catering. 84/News That's not their business. Their business is fast-food," Williams said, adding that Eastern "will not do that because we would lose our shirt on the catering service." And although McDonald's has expressed interest in operating the Union food service, Union Area Head Bill Clark said a clause in the present contract with Hardee's states that the university "shall not negotiate with any other food service company, unless and until Eastern and Hardee's are not able to reach agreement on the terms of such a percentage rental." Although the catering clause is in the process of renegotiation, Bassett said he feels Hardee's is an asset to the Union. "To a large extent it helps bring people in the building and helps to develop traffic patterns,'' he said. However, some of the smaller shops in the Union, such as the Club Car and the Subway, have not fared as well as Hardee's. The Club Car opened in 1984, upon a recommendation from the Faculty Senate as a place for faculty to talk or drink coffee with other faculty members and a place for students to meet and study. "The Faculty Senate assured us that -Paul Klatt faculty would patronize it heavily, and that it would be a financial success," Williams said. However, the Club Car only brings in an average of $25 to $35 in daily revenue, and as of October 1985, had lost approximately $200- $87 short of last year's total deficit, said Joan Gossett, director of business operations. Clark said eventbough the Club Car is losing money, it was not "enough to worry about," and it was never intended to be a profit-builder. The Union's newest addition, The Subway, a non-alcoholic pub, has also had problems. But, Gossett said, "We never set it up to make money. We set it up to break even." Clark said The Subway was established as "a social option for students as opposed to local bars." "Neither one of these places were set up as a 100 percent choice of anybody in the Union," Clark said. "President Rives wanted an alternative to the bars, and he felt very strongly about this." When it first opened, the Subway operated three nights a week with special programming nights and brought in about 100-200 customers. Gosset believes that the turnout was
primarily due to the fact that freshmen went there for orientation and then went back because they weren't aware of the other bars in town. However, they soon found out from upperclassmen where the bars were. "Friday and Saturday nights were what college students termed 'party nights.' We were fighting an option. A lot of bars have bands and disc jockeys," Gossett said. Due to the drop in attendance, the hours dropped to one night a week and special programmed nights. Clark said the decrease in hours was due to changes in student use patterns. Williams said, "People don't come unless there's special entertainment. It just wasn't making it." Williams added that it cost the university lots of money to keep it open. On a more festive note, he said the special programming nights do well. Despite the money loss, Gossett thinks The Subway will remain in the Union. "It takes longer than two to three months to change the students' attitudes," Gossett said. "I knew it would take a long time, at least four years, because there will be people here to influence those freshmen into going into those bars instead of The Subway." Clark said the process of making a nonalcoholic pub popular is "not quick and easy." Clark also said the decision of whether to keep The Subway open will not come until May 1986, when student input can be evaluated. • -Debbie Pip pitt -Paul Klatt News/85
Police raid bars ~ayororderscrackdovv.n T hursday, Jan. 16 was a 'special' night. The Panther Lounge boasted Old Style® buckets for $2.50. Jerry's Pub had mixed drinks for 75 cents. And E.L. Kracker's advertised its "Little Kings® Night" selling the bottles at three for $1.25. But the patrons at these three bars and six other establishments got much more than they bargained for that evening. In his capacity as liquor commissioner, Charleston Mayor Murray Choate ordered a full-scale, surprise police raid on nine bars to catch bar owners and minors off guard. Within 90 minutes, 18 officers completed "walk throughs" of the bars and hauled away 35 persons and charged them with underaged drinking and/or entering licensed establishments as minors. Once in court the majority pleaded guilty and paid $54 in fines. Others promised to fight their causes into the end of the spring semester. In addition, the verdict on the bar owners was still being decided. Meanwhile, the spot checks went on. In what bar owners said they perceived as vague terms, Choate had outlined almost two months earlier his desire to crack down on underaged drinking in the city. Choate first sent letters out to all the liquor license holders calling for a meeting to discuss his plans for enforcing Charleston's enigma of an ordinance. Then at the meeting, Choate himself stumbled in interpreting the law, saying it allowed 18, 19 and 20-year~lds to enter the bars. Actually, the ordinance only allows those 19 and 20 to enter drinking establishments as long as they refrain from drinking. Regardless, Choate warned that the city would inspect carding policies, and, if necessary, the police would utilize "spot checks" to arrest offenders without warning. Moreover noting that his four-year term had just started, Choate told the owners he would follow through on charges and cautioned against ignoring his cautions. But, somewhere the message became 86/News garbled. At the end of the meeting, Police Chief Maurice Johnson told reporters he would go through with the checks, but was opposed to them. "It's been about 10 or 12 years since we've had regular walk-throughs, and it's bad for the students, bad for the officers and bad for the bar owners. "I don't believe in allowing 18-yearolds to drink, but if they're old enough to go away to school and old enough to go into the armed services, they ought to be able to make up their own minds on if they want to drink," Johnson added. December saw the police entering the doorways of the bars, stopping there to check only the carding policies. Winter break went by and all seemed back to normal. Students went so far as to call the police to ask if the "crackdown" had ended. But, mid-January proved it hadn't even begun. The bar owners and patrons were stunned by the initial enforcement which netted 35 arrests. But, before they could get back to their feet, they were knocked for another loop. The next week, police re-visited the bars three days in a row, but only arresting about one-fifth as many patrons-this time only 18-year~lds. Even the almighty "4 O'clock Club" was checked, but by the second week, students reported that they and the police were both growing weary of the cat-and-mouse-like chase. Ike's Little Campus on Lincoln Avenue, arguably the home of the informal Friday gettogether, saw five squad cars pull up, five officers walk through and no arrests made. " I think it's pretty ridiculous--everyone's either walking around and avoiding (the police) or putting their beers down," said sophomore Bob Cinq-Mars. Sophomore Christine Pasiewicz added,
''When I got my ID checked I joked, 'Oh my God, I've been violated.' "(The police) were really cool about it, though. They were just saying, 'Oh it's just our job.' He was just so cool to me-he was nice to everyone.'' Frustration~apsulized in Cinq-Mars' f omments-grew with the mayor and not with the police: ''I think Mayor Choate is trying to put his foot down and .make himself really big, do something P,ig ... I wonder if it's going to stop. In the past it was just one raid, but it seems like this one's going to last.'' Sophomore Lori Webb, 19, sat with a peer in front of her in Ike's shortly after the police walked through. ''They just kind of came in like Santa Claus, all laughing and big. They were just like, fWell, I have to do it.' But, sophomore Michele Smith, 19, ~d she was tired of the entire crackdown. ''I can see their point going after the high school kids. But, I don't see why the age is 21 anyway. Someone made up the law and that's all. It's not proven fact that at 21 you're mature and at 19 you're not," Smith said. And while Choate's stated intent was to stop high school students and not university students, the walk throughs only caught one high-school-aged resident. Johnson responded that his officers iwere only enforcing the law and that weekend walk-throughs would be impossible to handle because of the size of -Paul Klatt the crowds. So, if students want to see some change, freshman Charles Zakoian suggested, they11 have to elect their own leaders. ''If this continues, if students don't like the policies, they've got to go out and register to vote to change the policies for a little more give and take between the students and the city." If Zakoian's dream comes true, the 10,000 potential voters at Eastern will register. Then, he added, the mayor can crack down for the rest of his term. But, Zakoian said, a student replacement might come along in 1989. • -Jim Allen Opposite page: Sgt. Ken Ramsey, with a confiscated beer in his left hand, directs two Eastern students to the Charleston Police Station after putting their friend into the squad car. This page: A Charleston police officer checks IDs at the Uptowner Celler keeping the city's promise of periodic "walkthroughs" to check for 18-year-olds and to make sure 19 and 20-year-olds aren't drinking. News/87
Divestment issue Campus raises Foundation holdings fuss • • al 1 there was an ounce of protest in the veins of Eastern's student body, the issue of divestment did little to bring that out. In fact, compared to reactions on the issue at other campuses, Eastern students let out nary a whimper to news that the fundraising body appointed by the university had more than $200,000 invested in U.S. companies with South African subsidiaries. "I feel on a gut level that generally it (South Africa) has no real relevance to students," said Johnetta Jones, director of Eastern's Afro-American Studies program. "As long as the students are not out there saying that they don't want to go to a school that invests in South Africa and apartheid, I don't think they are going to get the (EIU) Foundation to divest," she said. No student marches or protests happened here. Meanwhile, the Foundation stood by its policy of investing in different companies, some of which have interests in South Africa. As of late December, the Foundation had invested close to $230,000 in U.S. companies with South African subsidiaries. The one stand on the issue taken by 88/News students came in October when the Student Senate, by a 24-2-1 vote, con- '' I feel on a gut level that generally it (South Africa) has no real relevance to students. -Johnetta Jones Afro-American Studies Director -------'' demned the Foundation's holdings. The senate resolution was first recommended by a commission formed in September to examine the issue at Student Body President Floyd Akins' request. Shortly after being formed, the commission conducted a forum which divestment opponents accused of being slanted. Featured speakers for the forum were outspoken pro-divestment English instructor Michael Loudon and Eastern senior Kingsley Wokukwu, a Nigerian native who also urged divestment. Andrew Leyden, then acting president of Eastern's College Republicans, said the commission was unobjective and was led by members who had pre-conceived biases toward divestment. "What this forum really sounded like was a meeting for 'Divest EIU,'" Leyden said, shortly after the forum. "I don't think you can get a representative view of how the campus feels when only 30 of 10,000 show up." Commission member Terry Mueller offered a different view of the forum's results. "It's obvious, (Eastern students) want to divest," he said. Mueller, along with fellow commission members Darin Buczkowski, Jaime Martinez and Jim Mueller, apparently relied heavily on word-of-mouth to gauge student opinion on the issue because no student surveys were ever made publiC' by the commission. The commission's recommendation for complete divestiture may have caught
some by surprise. Three of four commission members had earlier formulated a proposal calling for a halt to further investments in companies doing South Mrican business. They did not urge total divestment, though. Buczkowski, Martinez and Terry Mueller drafted the proposal apparently without consulting Jim Mueller, the author of a separate proposal that was in line with an earlier call by Akins for complete divestment. "We should sell the stock because it looks bad for a public institution to have investments in a country that supports segregation," Akins had said in May. The Senate, not left standing alone with its recommendation, was joined in November by the Faculty Senate which approved a similar call by its constituency to divest. The senate decided to urge divestment after learning the results of a survey which found that 59.5 percent of those instructors contacted favored divestment by the Foundation. The referendum's vote was 141 "for" to 96 "against." Besides the referendum, the senate conducted a forum similar to the Student Senate's. The main difference, though, was out-of-town speakers were solicited. Bola Adana, a faculty member from '' What this forum really sounded like was a meeting for the 'Divest EIU'. I don't think you can get a representative view of how the campus feels when only 30 of 10,000 show up. -Andrew Leyden College Republicans President -------'' the University of Dorin, Nigeria, and the Rev. Jack Cramer-Heuerman of East Peoria both spoke in favor of divestment. But, like the Student Senate forum, the Faculty Senate effort was hit with low attendance. Only about 30 people showed up, including just three to four Faculty Senate members. Despite both senates' proposals, the Foundation stood by its policy of investing in companies which adhere to the Sullivan Principles. Developed in 1977 by Philadelphia minister Leon H. Sullivan, the set of six principles centers around the belief that United States companies can bring about a greater degree of equality in South Mrica by desegregating the workplace. When both senate resolutions were submitted to the Foundation in January, neither apparently had much effect as the board unanimously voted to continue the investing policy. "I think it was a very responsible vote," Foundation fiscal agent Daniel Thornburgh said. "Our advice from Harris Bank is that one cannot divest without serious financial loss." However, a study published in January 1985 by Investors Responsibility Research Center in Washington showed that schools, such as Eastern, with an endowment of less than $50 million could fairly easily adopt South MricaNews/89
free portfolios. The Foundation's total assets, as of January '86, were slightly above $2 million. Thornburgh, pointing out the Foundation was morally opposed to apartheid,. said reforming the South Mrican government was something that should be handled by the Reagan administration. Eastern President Stanley Rives, who is not a voting member of the Foundation's board, agreed with the belief divestment would have little impact on reforming the South Mrican government. "I believe that the issue of the abolition of apartheid is not something that will be decided by the Foundation," he said in an October interview. 'The more important question continues to be (U.S.) national policy toward the government of South Mrica." The only action taken by the Reagan administration was an order in September which prohibited: •U.S. banks from lending money to the South Mrican government unless the funds were used to help the disenfranchised black majority as well as whites. 90/News •the sale of computers to the South Mrican military and law enforcement '' I think it was a very responsible vote. Our advice from the Harris Bank is that one cannot divest without serious financial loss. -Daniel Thornburgh Foundation Fiscal Agent -------'' agencies. •the sale of nuclear technology to South Mrica unless it is "necessary for humanitarian reasons to protect health and safety. Several Eastern instructors contacted by The Daily Eastern News shortly after Reagan's announcement of the sanctions called them weak. Eastern history instructor Paul Hennings said, "He (Reagan) speaks out against apartheid but that's not enough. The sanctions are just a mask for doing as little as possible." Up to the time Reagan issued the sanctions, he faced mounting pressure from Congress to adopt a more stringent stand against apartheid than his policy of "constructive engagement." By stepping up America's presence in South Mrica, Reagan believed the U.S. could persuade the governing whites to share power with the voteless black majority. One Eastern student, classified by his native South Mrican government as a ''mixed race," said he was not a big believer in constructive engagement. Tough sanctions, he said, would be the best way for American to deal with South Mrica. "The pressure that will be put on the South Mricans to get hold of money might lead them to change their structure so theycan get money from the outside world," said 30-year-old William Murray, an Eastern graduate student
who came to Eastern in August and will return to South Africa after getting his degree. Murray said being of the ''mixed race," he was afforded more privileges than blacks. However, he still is not considered a full-scale citizen in the government's eyes. "We felt the oppression, but not so much as blacks because we are labeled as mixed race,'' he said. "It is an insult to call ourselves (that because) we regard ourselves as black South Africans. Close to 1,000 black South Africans have been killed, as of late January, by South African police, and Murray said he understood blacks' motivation to react violently toward the Pretoria government. ''It is quite understandable because for so many years our people were prepared to listen, but nothing came from it,'' he said. ''Meanwhile, the frsutrations were getting heavier and heavier." Although sanctions and divestment could hurt blacks, as some in this country maintain, Murray said blacks are willing to pay the price of continued death and suffering. While the EIU Foundation wasn't the only Board of Governors university with holdings indirectly invested in the South '' I believe that the issue of the abolition of apartheid is not something that will be decided by the Foundation. The more important question continues to be {U.S.) national policy toward the government of South Mrica. -Stanley Rives Eastern President -------'' African economy, it easily outpaced Northeastern University's $1,000 investment. Despite the complaining done by students and faculty at Eastern, students at other universities have done more than just complain. Demonstrators at schools including Berkeley, Columbia, Cornell, Harvard and Southern illinois University, among others, have demanded that their universities sell all investments in companies which do business in South Africa. Johnetta Jones, who also instructs a class in Public Opinon and Propaganda, said it is difficult to tell whether Eastern students are truly apathetic because the question has not been put to them. She said, though, that unless their selfinterests were at stake, most people aren't concerned about an issue. And, Andrew Leyden made the point that getting half of Eastern's student body out to vote on the issue would be more difficult that it was to sign half of them up on a petition which protested not getting time off for a Fall Break. • -Dave McKinney News/91
Lecture series Visiting faculty share knowledge Robert Ferrell Harry S. Truman is now considered among the nation's best presidents in terms of foreign policy, and, according to Robert Ferrell, a history professor at Indiana University, he is perhaps on of the three or four greatest presidents ever. "I think he made a wonderful chief executive of the country," Ferrell said during a summer lecture at Eastern. Ferrell was one of the distinguished visiting faculty members to speak this summer. ''He was one of the very greatest presidents ... a wonderful product of the Midwest," Ferrell added. Ferrell has done extensive research into the life of the 33rd president, and has written or edited five books on Truman. His latest work includes a 1984 best seller, Truman: A Centenary Remembrance. Ferrell said Truman's greatest success was that he turned the U.S. foreign policy from isolationism-only looking out for its own interests-to a policy that included involvement in foreign affairs and working toward world peace. 94/Events Although Ferrell said Truman worked toward world peace, the former president has received much criticism for the U.S. bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki right before the end of World War II, criticism which Ferrell said he thinks is unwarranted. Because Truman agreed with the position of the Roosevelt administration (to use the bomb because the U.S. had it), ''he couldn't apologize for the bombing," Ferrell said. Truman's stock reply to questions such as ''Why was the bomb used?" was that many more lives were saved by using the bomb to end the war when he did. However, Ferrell said this somewhat non-committal reply was Truman's way of covering up the fact that he was ''horrified by the effect" the bomb had on the Japan cities. In spite of the negative image Truman may have in the minds of critics, Ferrell said he expects the former president's reputation to emerge "in the long future, perhaps in the next century," causing him to be considered one of the nation's best presidents ever.• Roland DeLorme We Americans tend to think we are the only nation to have a "wild" West. But we are mistaken. According to Roland DeLorme, history ·department chairman at Western Washington University, Canada also had a west that was quite untame. DeLorme said Canada's early days were quite primitive. The main reason for this was the presence of the Great Canadian Shield, a rocky area filled with clay, swamps and rippling terrain. The land was difficult to cross and nearly impossible to farm, DeLorme said. Slowness in settling enabled law enforcers to get into the areas before outlaws could, be said. Early officials undertook their duties with "pleasure and vigor," he added, with a motto of ''Keep those Yankees out!" Canada's West saw a lot of heavy drinking, smuggling and corruption on the part of its law enforcers, in addition to their overzealousness, DeLorme said. However, in terms of wildness, Canada still falls short of the rowdiness of such early American characters as Wild Bill Hickock and the James Brothers, he said. "It is probably true that Canadian expansion was slower, a little more sedate, and not as bloody as that to the south," DeLorme noted. •
Jessie Potter For children to grow into sexually healthy adults, sex education needs to begin in the home, according to the director of the National Institute for Human Relationships. "Children are very sexual people from when they're very young," J essie Potter, human relations and sexuality educator, said. ''But we tell them they're bad," she said. ''Then, at the appropriate age, they're not able to have healthy sexual attitudes." Currently, only 25 percent of the schools provide sex education programs. And only 25 percent of American homes provide straight answers about sex. Part of the reason adults are unwilling to provide early answers about sex is because they were not properly educated, Potter said. ''Two and three-year-olds deserve appropriate answers to the question, 'Where did I come from?'," Potter said. Otherwise, when children enter school, the other children who act as "playground missionaries" tell them various sorts of misinformation about '---------------..., sex, she said. Another barrier to good sex Fred Schroeder America's symbol of education, the ''little red schoolhouse," was not actually admired or valued at all when it was in use, according to Fred Schroeder, president of the American Culture Association. "We love the little red schoolhouse, and we've made it into something," Schroeder said. "The little red schoolhouse never existed at all." To begin with, the schoolhouses of the 19th Century were almost always plain or white, he said. Early schoolhouses were very primitive, noted Schroeder, the director of the humanities program at the University of MinnesotaDuluth. Indoor plumbing was virtually non-existent, and electricity was not used until the 1930s. The type of education received by students varied, Schroeder said. "There was some tremendously good teaching and some terribly bad teaching in those days." Today, schoolhouses can be seen dotting the landscapes of the country. And, while some have been abandoned, many of the original ones are being used as kindergartens or have been moved, painted and renovated, Schroeder said.• education is that no real language is used to define and describe the terms. ''We use words they don't unHarvey Sterns With an increasing elderly population, today's younger generation needs to prepare for the future needs of older adults, Harvey Sterns, director of the Institute of Life Span Development in Gerontology at the University of Akron, Ohio, said. Today, families have generations that are 20 years in width, as opposed to the 30-year span common in the 50s, he said. ''Young people today have more older people in their kinship than at any other time." Most people who reach retirement age have at derstand to describe experiences they've never known," Potter said. "Some of the terms we use in sex education sound like morning roll call on Noah's Ark," she quipped. When explaing sex, "we talk about birds and bees, and chickens and dogs," instead of using the real terms, she added. Even when real terms, such as "fertilize" and "egg'' are used, they are sometimes misinterpreted by children. Parents need to be willing to explain the meanings, she said. It is also necessary to let children know it is okay to touch and be touched, Potter said. This begins when they are babies, with touching, rocking and breast feeding, she added.• least one parent alive, and often both, Sterns added. Some problems faced by the elderly include the lack of qualified, geriatric-trained physicians, registered nurses, and professionals is the areas of gerodontology and clinical psychology and psychiatry. Hopefully, higher education will see an increase in the number of students entering the gerontology field, he noted. As for persons entering older adulthood, Sterns said the key to happiness is becoming "multidimensional." ''You can always change," he said. ''You can always do new things. You can always grow."• -stories compiled by Diana Winson Events/95
"'~~ ~ Founders' Day ~ Easten1 observes ~ 90th birthday Eastern celebrated its 90th anniversary this summer with Founders' Day-a time for nostalgia, education, food and fun. Eastern illinois Normal School, as Eastern was first known, was authorized by the illinois legislature on May 22, 1895. Not long after that, Charleston was chosen as the site for the school. And the rest, as they say, is history. ~summer's Founders' Day was held on June 22, one month and 90 years after that historic day. A Chapel service consisting of hymns, prayers and some words from former faculty and administrators, attended by ·approximately 250 people, took place on the lawn between Old Main and Pemberton Hall in honor of Eastern's first president, Livingston C. Lord Chapel,services were initiated by Lord in 1899 and were mandatory for students until a few months after his death in 1933. Kevin Quinagh, former instructor and foreign language department head, spoke on "The Mr. Lord I Remember" at the summer service. The service was presided over by Eastel't;l President Stanley Rives. In his talk, Guinagh said Lord "wanted this school to be well-known because of the teaching." Lord was "a decisive man who didn't believe in lecturing," and encouraged students to ask questions, Guinagh said. During the ceremony, Quincy Doudna, Eastern's third president, was presented with an honorary Doctor of Humane Letters. Doudna, whose' name adorns the Fine Arts Building on Eastern's Campus, said he accepted the award with pride. He served as Eastern's top administrator from 1957-1970, during which time he implemented a plan of "controlled groWth." This plan led to the expansion of Eastern's campus, not only in the number of actual buildings on campus, but in the number of students as well. Over Doudna's 14-year term in office, enrollment rose from 2,100 to 8,600 students. Also presented during the service were four service awards. Rives presented the Livingston C. Lord Distinguished Service Award to James Giffm, professor of management and marketing. Senior administrative 96/Events secretary Mary McElwee Adams received the civil service award, Norma Winkleblack received the administrative service award and history professor Donald Tingley received the faculty service award. After the chapel service, participants were able to choose from three different lecture topics, presented by Eastern faculty members. The action went from the classrooms to the Library Quad, as a variety of class reunions took place. Also included were a barbecue, a band concert, and what was billed as the "world's largest sundae." Dan Thornburgh, coordinator of the event, said the nostalgic day "went very well," and that Eastern plans to observe Founders' Day every year until its 100th birthday.• -Diana Winson -Kevin Smith
Opposite page: Students dig in to the 'world's largest sundae' at the Founders' Day picnic. This page: Former Eastern President Quincy Doudna welcomes guests at Founders' Day alumni reception in Pemberton Hall. -Kevin Smith Events/97