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Appendix

Robert Frost's "The Gift Outright"2

The land was ours before we were the land's.
She was our land more than a hundred years
Before we were her p~ple. She was ours
In Massachusetts, in Virginia,
But we were England's, still colonials,
Possessing what we still were unpossessed by,
Possessed by what we now no more possessed.
Something we were withholding made us weak
Until we found out that it was ourselves
We were withholding from our land of living,
And forthwith found salvation in surrender.
Such as we were we gave ourselves outright
(The deed of gift was many deeds of war)

100 Frost andAngelou

To the land vaguely realizing westward,
But still unstoried, artless, unenhanced,
Such as she was, such as she would3 become.

Footnotes

1Since the inauguration, the text of the poem has been copyrighted by
Random House, Inc., who has restricted reprinting of the poem. Howev-
er, readers may refer to earlier publications of the title work as cited in
references.

2From the The Witness Tree by Robert Frost, 1942, New York, Henry
Holt and Company. Copyrighted by Henry Holt and Company. Reprinted
by permission.

3Read as will at the inauguration.

EDITOR'S NOTE: Donna M. Emanuel Witmer received her Bachelor
of Science in Educatonfrom Eastern lllinois University in 1969, graduat-
ing with a major in theatre arts and minors in art and English. Since
then, she has coached drama and taught English and speech at the
secondary level. Currently, Donna Witmer resides in Charleston with her
husband and their three children. The text published in this edition is her
master's thesis, submitted in partial fulfillment for the degree of Masters
of Art in Speech Communication, which she earned from Eastern llinois
University in 1994. Cited as the "Outstanding Master's Thesis" for the
1993-1994 academic year by the Department of Speech Communication,
the work was selected also as an "Outstanding Master's Thesis" by the
Graduate School. Section Ill of the work was presented at the April 1995
convention of the Central States Communication Association.

Frost and Angelou 101



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No. I - Nature of Language -· Gertrude Hendrix

No. 2 - Chestine Gowdy: Teacher Ahead of Her Times -- Emma C. Kell_\'

No. 3 - Standing "Between the Dead and Living": The Elegiac Technique
of Wilfred Owen's War Poem -- Jim Elledge

No. 4 - Thomas Lincoln: Father of the Nat.Jon'sSixteenth President --

Robert W.Sterling. Editor

1nMemory of Charles Coleman -- Val Coleman

At the Grave of Thomas Lincoln -- Bruce G11ernse_y

Travelers and Settlers in Coles and Edgar Counties in the 1830s
and 1840s: Tough People for Tough Times -- CalvinN. Smith

No. 5 - Sense Perception in Seventeenth Century Jesuit Theatre -- Heriben
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The Lamp of Learning Lit: Immigrant Education at Hull House.
1889-1899 -- Charles Tillis

Gardens of Reform: Urban Charity Kindergartens and the
Settlement House Movement. 1870-1910 -- Charles Titus

Roben Frost and Maya Angelou: The Poet-as-Rhetor in the
Presidential Inaugurations of Kennedy and Clinton -- Donna M.
Witmer

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