Math 4

Factors and coefficients

4 × 2 = 8 4 and 2 are factors of 8 4x = 4 × x
3 × x = 3x 3 and x are factors of 3x
7 × y = 7y 7 and y are factors of 7y Numerical Literal
co-efficient of x co-efficient of 4

Again,
If two factors form a product, either factor is the co-efficient of the other.

In 5y, literal co-efficient of 5 is ‘y’ and numerical co-efficient of y is ‘5’.

Value of an algebraic expression

Let’s take an algebraic expression (5x).

If x is replaced by 2, it is 5 × 2 = 10

If x is replaced by 3, it is 5 × 3 = 15

If x is replaced by 4, it is 5 × 4 = 20

Example :

If x = 2, y = 5 and z = –1, find the value of 2x + 3y –z
Solution:
2x + 3y – z = 2 × 2 + 3 × 5 – (–1)
= 4 + 15 + 1
= 20

Exercise 12.3

1. Determine whether the following algebraic expressions are monomial,

binomial or trinomial.

a. 5x b. 3x + y c. 2 + 3y d. a + b + c e. 7x - 3y + 6z

f. 2y g. x - y - z h. x + 2 i. 5x - 8y + 2z

2. Write down the factors of the following:

a. 6x b. 2y c. xy d. 5xz e. 2mn

3. Write down the numerical co-efficient of the following:

a. 3x b. 7y c. 8z d. 5m e. 7n f. 7x2y

4. Write down the literal co-efficient of:

a. 7x b. 5y c. 8z d. 3m e. 6n

Oasis School Mathematics Book-4 251

5. Write down the literal co-efficient of x.

a. 3xy b. 5xz c. xyz d. xy e. 3xy

6. If x = 1, y = 2, z = 3, find the values of the following.

a. 3xy b. 5xz c. xyz d. xy e. 3xy

7. If x = 1, y = 2, z = 3, find the values of the following.

a. 2x b. 3x + y c. x + y + z d. xy + z e. 3x - 2y + z
j. 20 - 2x + 3y
f. 2x + y - z g. 7x - z + 2y h. x + y + 7z i. 5 - x - y

k. 3y + 7z - 28 l. 2x + y - 3z + 9

8. If a = 2, b = 4, c = 3, x = 1, z = 5 find the value of:

a. 3ac - 2xz b. 2a + 3b - 3c + xz c. 2a - (5x - 2z)

d. 2 (a + b + c) e. 3a + 2 (x + a) - 4 (4 + z)

9. Ifx=5cmandy=3cm,findthelengthofthefollowinglinesegments.

a. x y b. x
y
2 cm

c. (x + 1) (y - 2) d. x - 1 y y+2

10. Find the perimeter of each figure.

a. x+2 b. x+2 c. 2x

x x-1 x 3y 3y

x+1 2x 2x
x = 3 cm x = 2 cm, y = 1 cm
x = 2 cm

d. 2y e. x x
2y - 1
2y
4y 4y + 1

2y 2y - 1

4y + 1 x = 2 cm, y = 2 cm
y = 2 cm

Answers: d. 5
1. to 5. Consult your teacher 6. a. 6 b. 15 c. 6 d. 2 e. 6 7. a 2 b. 5 c. 6
e. 2 f. 1 g. 8 h. 24 i. 2 j. 24 k. -1 l. 4 8. a. 8 b. 12 c. 9 d. 18 e. -24
9. a. 8 b. 10cm c. 7cm d. 12cm 10. a. 9cm b. 14 cm c. 14cm d. 38 cm e. 10cm

252 Oasis School Mathematics Book-4

Like and unlike terms

1 apple 1 mango 1 pen 2 pens

1 apple and 1mango are not alike. 1 pen and 2 pens are like terms

They are unlike terms

Similarly, x and y are unlike terms .

x and 2x are like terms.

\ The terms having the same variables are like terms.

x, 3y, 4z, etc. are unlike terms.

The terms having different variables are unlike terms.

Addition and subtraction of like terms

Addition To add the like terms, we have
to add the coefficients of given
3 mangoes terms and write the variable

just once.

+ 2 mangoes = 5 mangoes

5 pencils + 3 pencils = 8 pencils

Similarly, take any two like terms

5x + 3x = 8x 7z + 3z = 10z
3y + 6y = 9y

Subtraction

take away leaves

5 pencils – 3 pencils = 2 pencils

Similarly, 6x - 2x = 4x I got the idea! Subtract the
8x - x = 7x numerical coefficient and write

the variable just once.

Oasis School Mathematics Book-4 253

Example : 11 - 6 = 5

11 y - 6y
= 5y

Addition and subtraction of unlike terms
Addition

2 mangoes + 1 apple = 2 mangoes + 1 apple

Similarly, 3x + 2y = 3x + 2y Co-efficients of unlike terms cannot be added.

Example : 2x and 3y are unlike terms. Their
co-efficients cannot be subtracted.
Subtract:
2x - 3y
= 2x - 3y

Exercise 12.4

1. State whether the following terms are like or unlike.

a. 5y, 8y, 3y b. 2x, 3y, 5z c. 2xy, xy, 6xy

d. 4p, 3p, 8p e. 3m, 4m, 5n f. xyz, 2xyz, 3xyz

2. Make separate sets of like terms.
4x, 2m, 3y, 5x, 7y, m, 10x, 3m, 8x, 12m, 9m, 2y, 6x

3. Add: b. 5m + 3m c. 8n + 2n
a. 2x + 3x e. 10y + 4y f. y + 2y + 3y
d. 6y + 2y h. xy + 4xy + 5xy i. 2a + 5a + 6a
g. p + 4p + 5p

4. Subtract: b. 8y - 3y c. 6m - 2m
a. 5x - 2x e. 16mn - 2mn f. 10xyz - 2xyz
d. 6xy - xy h. 14ab - 5ab i. 15ab - 5ab
g. 4bc - 3bc

Consult your teacher.

254 Oasis School Mathematics Book-4

Addition and subtraction of algebraic expressions

Addition
Addition of algebraic expressions can be done in two ways.
• vertical arrangement • horizontal arrangement

Vertical arrangement

Add: 2 x + 3y and 5x + 6y Steps:
• Write each expression in a separate row so
Solution: 2 x + 3 y
+ 5x + 6y that like terms are one below the other.
7x + 9y
• Add the like terms.

Horizontal arrangement Steps:
• Write the expressions horizontally.
Add: (5x + y) and (2x + 3y)
• Collect the like terms and add.
Solution:
(5x + y) + (2x + 3y)

= 5x + y + 2x + 3y

= 7x + 4y

Subtraction:

Subtraction of algebraic expressions can also be done in two ways.

- vertical arrangement

- horizontal arrangement

Vertical arrangement Steps:
Subtraction: 3x + 4y from 7x + 5y • Rewrite the given expressions in two
Solution: 7 x + 5 y
lines.
3x + 4y
(–) (–) • Keep the expression which is to be
4x + y subtracted in the second line.

Horizontal arrangement • Change the sign of each terms of the
Subtract: 4a - 3b from 7a + 2b second line.

• Add or subtract according to ‘+’ or ‘-’ sign.

Solution:

(7a + 2b) - (4a - 3b) = 7a + 2b - 4a + 3b = 3a + 5b

Exercise 12.5

1. Add the following algebraic expressions.

a. 2a + 5b and 3a - 2b b. 5x - 6y and 2x + 5y

c. 3m + 4n and 6m - 3n d. p + 3q and 2p - 5q

e. 5y - 3z and 4y + z f. 3x + y and 5x + 4y

Oasis School Mathematics Book-4 255

g. x + 2y + 3z and 4x - y + 2z h. 2a + b - 3c and 4a + b - 2c
i. 3p + 4q - 2r and 2p - 3q + 5r j. 3a - 2b + 3c and a - 2b + 3c

2. Subtract the following algebraic expressions.

a. x + 2y from 6x + 5y b. 2a + b from 4a + 6b

c. 2m - 3n from 6m - 2n d. p + 3q from 5p + 6q

e. 4x - 3y from 5x - y f. c - 3d from 4c + d

g. 3a - 2b - c from 4a + 5b - 2c h. 2a + 5b - 3c from 4a - 2b + 6c

i. 5x - 2y + 3Z from 6x - y + 2z j. 7x - 8y + z from 9x - 2y + z

Consult your teacher.

Simplification 3x + 5x = 8x
- 2x - 4x = -6x
Example :
2x + 8x + x
Simplify: 3x - 2x + 5x - 4x = 10x + x
Solution: = 11x
3x - 2x + 5x - 4x
= 8x - 6x
= 2x
Example :

Simplify: 2x - 7y + 8x + 3y + x - y
Solution:
= 2x - 7y + 8x + 3y + x - y
= 2x + 8x + x - 7y + 3y - y
= 11x + 3y - 8y
= 11x - 5y

Exercise 12.6

1. Simplify: b. 6x - 8x + 4x c. 5y + 7y - 2y - 3y
a. 3a + 4a - 2a e. 5m - 3m + 4m - 3m f. 3n - 2n + 4n
d. 8b + 12b - 13b - 2b h. 5c - 2c - 6c + 10c
g. 7z - 2z + 8z - 3z c. 8x - 2y + x - 3y
b. 8x + 7y - 2y - 3y f. 7m - 2n + 4m - 6n
2. Simplify: e. 3x - 4y + 12x - 7y
a. 3x + 4y + 5x - 3y Consult your teacher.
d. 4p - 7q + 6q - 3p
g. 5p - 6q + 2p - 3q + 6p

256 Oasis School Mathematics Book-4

Algebraic equation

Mathematical sentence
Let’s study the following sentences.

• The sum of 2 and 3 is 5. (True sentence)

• The product of 3 and 4 is 15. (False sentence) 3 + 4 = 7 (true sentence)
5 × 7 = 30 (false sentence)

Again, Let’s study the mathematical sentence x + 2 = 8

This sentence is true or false depending on the value of x.

If x = 1, 1 + 3 = 8 (false)

If x = 2, 2 + 3 = 8 (false) 3 + 4 = 7 (True sentence)
If x = 5, 5 + 3 = 8 (true) 5 × 7 = 30 (False sentence)
\This sentence is true for x = 5 only. 3x = 12 (Open sentence)
This sentence is an open sentence.

Class Assignment

1. Identify true sentence, false sentence or open sentence in the following.
a. The sum of 5 and 2 is 10. .............................
b. The product of 4 and 3 is 12. .............................
c. The difference of 5 and 3 is 1. .............................
d. There are seven days in a week. .............................
e. The product of 4 and 5 is 10. .............................
f. The sum of x and 2 is 5. .............................
g. The product of 3 and x is 18. .............................
h. 3 is a prime number. .............................
i. 2 is less than x. .............................

Equation

x + 5 = 8 is an open sentence.
Only a value of x satisfies this condition.
This open sentence is an equation. Open sentence having equal to (=) sign is
an equation.

Oasis School Mathematics Book-4 257

3x > 12 is an open sentence but not an equation.
3x = 12 is an open sentence and an equation.

Solving Equation
Let’s take an equation, x + 5 = 7
If the letter ‘x’ is replaced by a fixed number, only a number satisfies the
equation.
i.e. when x = 1, 1 + 5 = 7 (false)
when x = 2, 2 + 5 = 7 (true)

\ x = 2 is the solution to this equation.
Example :

Choose the value of x from the whole numbers and find the value of x in the
equation 2x + 1 = 5.
when x = 0, 2 × 0 + 1 = 1 (false)

when x = 1, 2 × 1 + 1 = 2 + 1 = 3 (false)

when x = 2, 2 × 2 + 1 = 4 + 1 = 5 (true)

\ 2x + 1 = 5 is true for x = 2.

Methods of solving equation

Solving equation means to find the value of the variable that makes the
equation true.

Let’s see an example.

x-3=7 Same number can be added to
or, x - 3 + 3 = 7 + 3 both sides of the equation.

x = 10

Again, Same number can be
x+2=5 subtracted from both sides
or, x + 2 - 2 = 5 - 2

x=3

Again,

x = 4 = 4 × 3 Both sides can be multiplied
or x3 × 3 by the same number can be
3 subtracted from both sides

\ x = 12

Again, 3x = 15 Both sides can be divided by
the same number.
or, 3x = 15
3 3
\ x=5

258 Oasis School Mathematics Book-4

Example : 1

x-4=5 Alternative method
x-4=5
Solution: Adding 4 on both or, x = 5 + 4
x-4=5 sides or, x = 9

or, x - 4 + 4 = = 5 + 4 Sign of a term changes on
transposing it from one side to
\ x=9
the other side.
Example : 2
y+2=7 Subtracting 2 from both
or, y + 2 - 2 = 7- 2 sides
\ y = 5

Example : 3

3x - 5 = 4 3x - 5 = 4

or, 3x - 5 + 5 = 4 + 5 Adding 5 on both sides or, 3x = 4 + 5
or, 3x = 9
or, 3x = 9
3x 9
or, 3 = 3 Dividing both sides by 3 or, x= 9
3
\ x=3 \ x=3

Example : 4 Make the equation and solve:

The sum of x and 8 is 14, find the value of x.

Given, sum of x and 8 is 14

x + 8 = 14

x + 8 – 8 = 14 – 8 Subtracting 8 from both sides

x=6

Example : 5 If the perimeter of the given triangle is 10 cm, make the equation and solve.

Here, Perimeter = 10 cm x+1 2x + 4
(x + 1) + ( 2x + 4) + (3x – 1) = 10
or, x + 1 + 2x + 4 + 3x – 1 = 10

or, 6x + 4 = 10 3x – 1

or, 6x + 4 – 4 = 10 – 4 Subtracting 4 from both sides
or, 6x = 6

or, 6x = 6 Dividing both sides by 6
6 6

or, x = 1

Oasis School Mathematics Book-4 259

Exercise 12.7

1. For what value of ‘x’ are the equations true? Choose the value from the

numbers 0 to 9.

a. x+ 2 = 6, x =.............. b. x - 3 = 4, x = ..............

c. x - 1 = 4, x = .............. d. x - 4 = 4, x = ..............
e. 2x = 6, x = .............. f. 3x = 6, x = ..............

2. Solve the following: c. x - 4 = 6 d. x - 3 = 5
a. x - 1 = 3 b. x - 2 = 3 g. m + 3 = 5 h. y + 5 = 6
k. m - 1 = 9 l. n + 4 = 16
e. y + 4 = 6 f. x + 1 = 3

i. x + 3 = 7 j. x - 6 = 7

3. Solve the following:

a. x =3 b. y =4 c. z =2 d. x =4 e. x =2 f. y = 6
2 3 4 7 2 5
m
g. 2 = 12 h. 2x = 14 i. 5x = 15 j. 4x = 16 k. 2x = 8 l. 6x = 18

4. Solve the following:
a. 3x + 5 = 20 b. 4x - 1 = 15 c. 2x + 8 = 24

d. 2x - 3 = 5 e. 4x + 3 = 7 f. 3x + 5 = 17

5. Make the equations and solve the following problems:
a. The sum of x and 4 is 10. Find the value of x.
b. The difference of x and 3 is 7. Find the value of x.
c. The product of y and 4 is 24. Find the value of y.
d. 5 times x increased by 3 is 13. Find the value of x.
e. If 2 times m is decreased by 4, the result is 8. Find the value of m.
f. When x is divided by 3, the result is 5. Find the value of x.

6. Make the equation from the information given by the figures and solve:

Answers:
1. a. 4 b. 7 c. 5 d. 8 e. 3 f. 2 2. a. 4 b. 5 c. 10 d. 8 e. 2 f. 2 g. 2 h. 1 i. 4 j. 13 k. 10 l. 12
3. a. 6 b. 12 c. 8 d. 28 e. 4 f. 30 g. 24 h. 7 i. 3 j. 4 k. 4 l. 3 4. a. 5 b. 4 c. 8 d. 4 e. 1 f. 4
5. a. 6 b. 10 c. 6 d. 2 e. 6 f. 15 6. a. x+8 = 14, x = 6, b. 4x+1=18, x=4, c. 5x+3=15, x=2 2

5

260 Oasis School Mathematics Book-4

Worksheet

Think of a number. Then operate according to the given instruction and get the
final result.

Think a number x 5 8 10 12

Add 10 x + 10 15

Double it 2x + 20 30

Add 10 to it 2x + 30 40

Divide it by 2 x + 15 20

Take away the
number you thought

15 15

Check the final result

Think of a number x 2 5 6 10

Add 5 to it

Multiply the result by 3

Subtract 6 from it

Divide the result by 3

Subtract the number you
thought

Try this with other numbers also.

Objective Questions

Colour the correct alternatives.
1. Which of the following is not a constant?

Temperature of Even number Number of sides
Kathmandu from 1 to 50 of a triangle

Oasis School Mathematics Book-4 261

2. Five times of x added to six times of y is

5x + 6y 6x + 5y 5x - 6y

3. Which of the algebraic expressions is not equal to 3x + 1 ?

Three times of x is Three times of x is 1 more than three
increased by 1 decreased by 1 times of x

4. The literal co-efficient of x is 9xyz is

yz y z

5. 4x + 3y - y + 3x is equal to 7x + 2y -7x + 2y
7x - 2y

6. Which of the following sentences is a true sentence ?

3+5=8 6+1=2 4 × 5 = 10

7. Whichofthefollowingsentencesisanopensentence?

Sum of x and 5 is 12 3 is an even number. There are 24 hours
in a day.

8. The value of x in the equation 3x + 2x = – 15 is, 3
-3 5

9. An algebraic expression 2x + 5y + 3 is a

monomial binomial trinomial

10. If x =1, y = 2 and z = 0, the value of 3x - 2y - z is equal to 1
7 -1

Number of correct answers
262 Oasis School Mathematics Book-4

Unit Test Full marks -20

1. Determine whether the following statements represent variables or
constant: 2
a. Temperature of Kathmandu

b. The number of sides of a quadrilateral

2. Translate the following into algebraic expressions: 2

a. x is added to 7 b. The sum of 4 times of x and three times of y

3. Determine whether the following expressions are monomial, binomial or

trinomial: 2

a. 3x + 5y b. a + b - c

4. a. If x = 1, y = 2, z = 3, find the value of 2x + y - 3z + 9. 2

b. Find the perimeter of given figure, given that x = 3. 2

5. State whether the following terms are like or unlike.: 1
a. 2x²y, 3x²y, 7x²y b. 4x, 5y, 7z

6. Add or subtract: 1.5 × 2 = 3
a. (3p + 4q - 2r) + (2p - 3q + r) b. (5x - 2y + 3z) - (2x - 2y - 3z)

7. Solve the following: 3
a. x + 2 = 5 b. 3x = 12
c. 4x - 1 = 15

8. Make the equation and solve the following problems: 1.5 × 2 = 3

a. If 2 times of x is increased by 3, the result is 13. Find the value of x.

b. When x is divided by 3, the result is 5. Find the value of x.

Oasis School Mathematics Book-4 263

Model Test Paper

Full Marks : 100

1. Choose the correct alternatives: [20 × 1 = 20]

a. P R The name of the given angle is

(i) ∠PQR (ii) ∠QPR (iii) ∠PRQ

Q

b. The angle which is more than 180° and less than 360° is
(i) acute angle (ii) obtuse angle (iii) reflex angle

c. I am a solid figure, I have a curved surface and two circular faces.

Who am I?

(i) cube (ii) sphere (iii) cylinder

d. One million is equal to

(i) one lakh (ii) ten lakhs (iii) one crore

e. CMXCIX is equal to

(i) 999 (ii) 1221 (iii) 1209

f. H.C.F. of two prime numbers is

(i) 1 (ii) 2 (iii) 3

g. Which one of the following statement is not true?
(i) Any number divided by 1 is the number itself.
(ii) Zero divided by any number is zero.
(iii) Any number divided by zero is zero.

h. The value of 40 ÷ 8 + 2 × 4 is equal to

(i) 13 (ii) 16 (iii) 28

i. Which one of the following statements is not true?

(i) 2 , 1 , 5 , 3 are like fractions
7 7 7 7

(ii) 5 , 5 , 7 are improper fractions
2 3 3

(iii) 1 , 2 , 3 are improper fractions
2 4 6

j. The value of 3 ÷ 12 is equal to
4 (ii) 9
1 1
(i) 9 (iii) 16

k. 1300 is equal to

(i) 0.3 (ii) 0.03 (iii) 0.003

264 Oasis School Mathematics Book-4

l. In the decimal number 12.625, the place value of 5 is

(i) 0.5 (ii) 0.05 (iii) 0.005

m. 53 is equal to (ii) 40% (iii) 60%
(i) 80%

n. 80% of 200 is equal to

(i) 80 (ii) 200 (iii) 160
o.
If the cost of 5 articles is Rs 75, then the cost of one article is

p. (i) 75 × 5 (ii) 75 ÷ 5 (iii) 75 + 5

The expression for the mathematical statement "x is increased by 5" is
q.
(i) x – 5 (ii) 5 – x (iii) x + 5

r. The expression 2x + y – z is

(i) nonomial (ii) binomial (iii) trinomial
s. (iii) 12
The value of x in x = 6 is
2
t (i) 8 (ii) 3

The short form of the date 2072 Mangsir 18 is
(i) 2072/8/18 (ii) 2072/18/8 (iii) 18/2072/8

Perimeter of the rectangle having length 5m and breadth 3 m is

(i) 10 m (ii) 16 m (iii) 8 m

2. a Draw an angle of given measurement with the help of a protractor 3

(i) 50° (ii) 125°
b.
Measure the following angles. 2
(i) A
(ii) X

Y

BC

Z 1

c. Identify the type of given triangle on the basis of its angle

14°

16°
150°

Oasis School Mathematics Book-4 265

d. Classify the given triangle on the basis of its sides. 2

6.2cm
4.5cm
4.5cm
5 cm

5.6cm 4.5cm

3. Write the number name of the following numbers. 2
2
a. 2351423 b. 50614025 1
1
4. Write the following numbers in expanded form. 2
2
a. 4260287 b. 561082
2
5. a. Round off 332 to its nearest ten.
b. Write all the prime numbers between 10 and 15. 2

6. Find the H.C.F. of 24 and 36. 2

7. a. Add: 6 4 2 8 0 1 3
+560189
+32624

b. Subtract: 7 6 0 1 2 7
–286461

c. Multiply: 4 6 2 3 4
× 26

d. Divide: 24 4 2 6 4 8

e. Simplify: 28 ÷ [3 + 16 ÷ {2 + 8 ÷ (1 + 3)}] 2

8 a. Convert 6 3 into improper fraction. 1
10 1
33 2
b. Convert 5 into mixed fraction.

c. Simplify: 3 2 +1 3 –4 1
7 7 7

d. A man mixes 2 3 l of milk with 3 1 litre of water. Find the total quantity
4 2
of the mixture. 2

266 Oasis School Mathematics Book-4

9. a. Add: 2.63 + 5.37 2
b.
c. Subtract: 63.27 – 49.36 2
d.
10. a. Multiply: 3.625 × 100 1

b. Divide: 5.163 ÷ 10 1

Out of 40 students in a class, 36 are present. Find the percentage of

present students. 2

Cost of 5 kg oranges is Rs 250. What is the cost of 2 kg oranges? 2

11. a. Write the following time in A.M and P.M. 2

i. 3 : 30 at night

ii. 8 : 45 in the morning

b. Convert: i. 350 Paise into Rupees and Paise 4

ii. 825 cm into m and cm

iii. 65 mm into cm and mm

iv. 4225 gm into kg and gm

c. Add or subtract 4

i. 250 l 360 ml + 15 l 740 ml ii. 24 m 280cm – 12m 140 cm

d. The cost of 1 kg rice is Rs 75 and 20 Paise and the cost of 1 kg sugar is Rs

56 and 90 Paise. What is the cost of 1 kg rice and 1 kg sugar? 2

12. a. Find the perimeter of the given figure. 2

A

5cm 6cm
6cm7cm
BD

C

b. Find the area of rectangle having l = 7cm and b = 5 cm. 1

c. Find the volume of cuboid having l = 5 cm, b = 4 cm, h = 3 cm. 2

d. Count the number of unit cube and find the volume of the given

figure. 1

e. Find the area of the given figure. 2

Oasis School Mathematics Book-4 267

13. The given bar graph shows marks obtained by Pemba in different subjects.
Read this bar graph carefully and answer the questions given below:

Y

70
60

Marks 50

40

30

20

10

0 Maths English Nepali Science X

O

a. How is obtained by Pemba in Maths, English, Nepali and Science? 2

b. In which two subjects he got equal marks? 1

c. In which subject he got the highest marks? 1

d. In which subject he got the lowest marks? 1

14. a. List the set of even numbers from 1 to 10. 1
b. Rewrite the following sets in description method {a, e, i, o, u} 1
c. Put ∈ or ∉in the blanks. 2
A = {5, 10, 15, 20, 25} then
5 ......... A 8 ......... A 20 ......... A 26 ......... A

15. a. Determine whether the following statements are constant or
variables. 2

i. The numbers from 1 to 15

ii. Temperature of Pokhara.

b. If x = 1, y = 2 and z = 3, find the value of 2x - 3y + 5z. 1

c. State whether the given terms are like or unlike terms. 2

i. 2x, 5x, 7x

ii. 5m, 2n, 6a, 2b

d. Simplify: 5p – 6q + 2p – 3q 2

e. Solve: 2

i. x + 5 = 7

ii. 2 times x increased by 3 is 7. Find the value of x.

268 Oasis School Mathematics Book-4