Social Studies 5

Lesson Nepali Goods for
Nepali Economy
7.3

Pre-reading Activities

Show us the things you have with you right now:things such as pens, pencils,
shoes, bags, etc. Observe each item you have closely and find out where they
are produced. Discuss what benefit the country will get if you use goods
produced in our own country.

Reading

Putalibazaar, Syangja
January 15, 2018

Dear Amrit,

When I wrote to you last time and
suggested you to return to Nepal from
America, you replied, "What shall I do
there? Nepal doesn't produce anything.
You have to import everything from needles to cars, from food stuffs to
medicines." I don't agree. Nepal's economy is not as weak as you think. In fact,
Nepal produces many things these days and has even produced a jeep. You
may have heard that Nepal’s former Prime Minister Baburam Bhattarai rode a
jeep made in Nepal. There are so many things which are grown and made in
Nepal. Let me tell you about some.

For one thing, Nepal produces enough
food for Nepalis. Rice produced in Terai
is also exported elsewhere. Likewise,
maize, millet, tea, jute, mango, jackfruit,
banana, sugarcane, orange, apple, etc.
are cultivated in our own country. If
you ask about pots and pans, they too
are manufactured by Nepali industries.

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You'll find pressure cookers
and pitchers made in Nepal.
There are cement factories
in Udaypur, Hetauda and
Butwal. There are textile
industries in Hetauda, Birgunj
and Biratnagar. Similarly, there
are industries that produce
consumer goods such as soap,
sugar, biscuits, etc.

Chaudhary Group of Industries also produces television sets. Likewise, pens,
books, noodles, toys, furniture, radios, etc. are made in Nepal.

To say that nothing is manufactured in Nepal is untrue. The truth is, we have
not been using the goods made in Nepal. It is not bad to buy and use foreign
goods. But we should give priority to using domestic goods. We should use
foreign goods only if Nepali goods are not available.

Using Nepali goods has a lot of advantages. First of all, Nepali goods are
cheap. Second, by buying Nepali goods, we contribute to strengthening our
economy. It helps industries and factories grow by creating job opportunities
for youths. Employment improves people's living standard. Most important of
all, this will reduce import and increase domestic savings.

So, I once again urge you to return home and work for the growth of Nepal’s
economy.

Love from,
Aman Nepali

Free the Words

import : to buy and bring goods from another country
export : to sell and send goods to another country
pitcher : a container for holding water
priority : giving importance to something
employment : having a job
urge : request

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In-class Activities

Given below are some goods used in Nepal. List them under the separate
columns.

sugar, tea, apple, khukuri, karuwa, biscuit, chhurpi, soap, cloth, doko,
mandro, dalo, pencil, toothpaste, maize, paddy, TV set, jeep, furniture

Products of big Products of small Village cottage Agricultural
industries goods
scale industries industries
TV set maize
karuwa doko

Exercise

1. Fill in the blanks with the words from the letter.
a. Nepal produces ........................ enough for Nepalis.
b. Rice produced in Terai is also .......................... elsewhere.
c. Cement factories are located in cities like ...................., ...................
and ............... .
d. It is not true to say that nothing is .............................. in Nepal.
e. Using Nepali goods has a lot of ............................ .

2. Answer these questions.
a. Name some of the agricultural products of Nepal.
b. Which company in Nepal also produces TV sets?
c. Write four advantages of using Nepali goods.
d. When should we use foreign goods?
e. Write any one way to reduce import and increase domestic savings.

3. Make a list of goods in your household: from pots to furniture to TV
set and write where each of them is produced or made.

e.g. Electric iron → Made in China/India

................................................................................................................................. .

................................................................................................................................. .
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Lesson Economic Activities
in Nepal
7.4

Pre-reading Activities

What do people in your community do for their livelihood? Regard each work
people in your community do. Discuss the advantages of economic activities
they are engaged in.

Reading

Nepal is an underdeveloped country with an economy based on agriculture.
An economy refers to the wealth and resources of a country. In Nepal, farming
is the main economic activity followed by manufacturing of goods, trade and
tourism. Economic activities of Nepalese people depend on the geography
and climate.

Himalayan economy

In the Himalayan region, the climate is
very cold and the soil is not suitable for
cultivating crops. So farming is not the
main source of income of the people in
this region. Barley, millet, potato and
apple grow in this region. People of this
region sell apples to the plains and hills
and import food grains from there. They
raise cattle like sheep, yaks and goats.
They trade cattle among themselves.
They use horses and mules to carry loads and sheep and goats for meat.

Horticulture is another economic activity which is not commonly practised.
Fruits like apples and grapes grow in this region. Apples produced in Mustang,
Jumla and Helambu are famous all over the country. Farmers also produce
wool and woollen products such as carpets and blankets. Tourism is another
attractive area of business. Youth of the region work as trekking guides.

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Hill economy

Farming is the main economic activity
of the people of the hilly region.
Farmers grow maize, millet, potato,
tea, rice, cardamom and various types
of vegetables. Because of the moderate.
Cimate, the region is ideal for tourism.
Therefore, there are a number of hotels,
resorts, and restaurants in this region.
Pokhara, Kathmandu, Ilam, Palpa, Daman and Dhulikhel are some examples
of popular tourist destinations. These days, the economy of hills and valleys is
changing. More people have become attracted to business. They've opened up
shops and begun running small-scale industries like soap factories and dairy
farms. Many of Nepal's industries are based in Kathmandu Valley.

Terai economy

The economic activities of this region
are agricultural because the soil here
is the most suitable for cultivation.
Crops grow in abundance. Therefore,
it is also called the bread basket of
Nepal. Rice, wheat, pulses, oil-seed,
sugarcane, tobacco are the major
products of this region. Besides
these, plenty of fruits like mango,
coconut, betel, banana, jackfruit (rukh katar), pineapple, etc. grow here. Terai
exports food grains to hills and valleys and also to some parts of India. Since
this region lies in border with India, there are many entry and check points.
Kakarbhitta, Jogmani, Raxaul, Bhairawaha, Rupadiya, Tanakpur, etc. are some
of them. Fish farming is also common in many places of the Terai region. There
are many agro-based industries in this region. Sugar, matches, soap, textile,
paper and cement factories are located here. Kakarbhitta, Biratnagar, Birgunj,
Bhairahawa, Nepalgunj are the main industrial cities of this region.

Free the Words

manufacture : to produce goods
horticulture : the science of growing fruits and vegetables
abundance : in large quantity

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In-class Activities

Look at the pictures below and write what people in each picture are
doing. Then mention which region's economy each picture represents.

a. b. c.

Exercise

1. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words from the lesson.
a. Nepal has .......................................... economy.
b. Places like ..................., ..................., and ................. are famous for
apple production.
c. The soil of ...................... region is the most suitable for ..................... .
d. Terai is also called .......................... of Nepal.

2. Answer these questions.
a. Define economy. Why is it important?
b. How do people in the Hiamalayan region transport goods?
c. How is the economic activity of the Hilly region changing?
d. Make a list of agricultural goods produced in Terai.
e. What are the major economic activities of the Terai, Hilly and Hi-
malayan region?

3. Write in brief about the economic activities of people of your district.
4. What is the reason behind a greater number of tourists visiting the

Hilly and Himalayan regions of Nepal? Make a list of major tourist
areas of these regions.
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Projects for Unit Seven

1. What economic activities do elders at your home pursue? What
problems do they face? How can they solve those problems? Prepare
a report answering these questions and show it to your teacher and
parents.

2. Write a letter to the prime minister of your country suggesting him
ways to improve the Nepali economy.

In this unit, we have learned that:

• people take up various occupations to earn a living; the work people
perform to produce something is called an economic activity.

• every work is important and we should respect work that people do
for a living.

• something commonly owned and used by the community is called
public property.

• we must preserve and protect public property as they are there to
serve us.

• to promote our economy, we should give priority to goods produced
in the country over goods imported from a foreign country.

• agriculture, tourism, trade, industry, and service are some of the main
economic activities in our country.

Test Your Knowledge

1. Write very short answers to the following questions.
a. Why is it impossible for people everywhere in Nepal to have the
same job?
b. Which occupation do the majority of Nepalese follow?
c. Write any one way you can economize at home.
d. Give an example of an economic activity which is popular in your
region.
e. What is the advantage of using the goods produced in Nepal?
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2. Answer these questions.
a. Why is it necessary to show equal respect to all professions?
b. What would happen to a country's economy if everyone did the
same or similar jobs?
c. Why should you take good care of items which you have borrowed
from your friend? How does this apply to school property?
d. Why do Nepali citizens prefer foreign goods? What can be done to
improve the standard of Nepal-made products?

e. Explain how the economic activities of Nepal differ by region.

3. Given below are the major products of Nepal produced in different
parts. Try adding more products with their areas of production.

Major products Major areas of production
Paddy Terai region and lower hilly region
Maize, millet and wheat Hilly region, high hilly region
Tea Illam, Jhapa, Panchthar, Dhankuta
Jute, mango, jack fruit, Terai region and lower hilly region
banana, sugarcane
Orange Gorkha, Dhankuta, Shankhuwasabha, Pokhara
and high hilly region
apple Jumla, Helambhu, Mustang and other Himalaya
region
Vegetables Almost all the places
Utensils Different urban and rural aeas
Cement Udaypur, Hetauda
Clothes, shoes Kathmandu, Heatauda, Birgunj, Biratnagar and
other major cities
Soap Duhabi, Birgunj, Butwal
Sugar Birgunj, Bhairahawa, Morang, etc.
Doko, dalo, naamlo Almost all the places

4. Activities:
Make a list of goods at your home which are made in Nepal. Also make a

separate list of foreign products along with the countries they were made
in. Discuss and compare your findings. What should we do to promote
Nepali products?

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Creative Arts

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1. Drawing

1.1 Sketch of a Pigeon

We see pigeons very often. Observe them keenly. Notice the colours,
beak, neck, leg, eye. Gradually, this observation will be reflected in your
drawings. Do not press the pencil hard while shading, use it lightly.
Wherever required, increase the darkness step by step. Avoid using an
eraser while shading the drawing.

Note to the teacher
• Let students observe the pigeons and encourage them to sketch again

and agin in different postures.
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1. 2. Shading

Fun with stencils
In Grade IV, you learned to use stencils to draw pictures. This year, you will
learn the technique of reverse stenciling.

* First draw a design you like on a paper.
Cut the design out using a paper cutter to
get a stencil of the design.

* Take a blank sheet of paper and smudge
it with lead powder of a pencil. You may
use a cotton ball to spread the powder.

* Place the stencil on the smudged paper.

* Gently rub the exposed areas with a sharp
eraser.

* You will get a beautiful reverse effect as shown in the picture above .

Sketching with an eraser
* Smudge a clean sheet of

paper. Use a cotton ball or a
small cloth pouch.

* Slice off a corner of the
eraser. The piece should be
triangular in shape.

* Using the eraser piece as a
pencil, rub the smudged
paper to get a picture of your
choice.

Note to the teacher 161
• Let students use index finger or thumb for a small section only.
• For a bigger section, ask them to use a piece of cotton cloth.

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Activity

Sketching a Flower Vase

You can create a beautiful flower vase by repeatedly applying the stencils.

* Prepare a set of three stencils – petals, a leaf, and the vase. Cut out the

designs to form stencils. See the pictures below.

petals leaf vase

* Shade the flower
vase and smudge
the beackground,
using stencils.

* Using a sharp eraser,
rub the smudged
paper to get the
designs of flowers,
leaves, and stem.

* Now, the flower
vase is ready. See the
picture alongside.

Note to the teacher
• Teachers should help students prepare the stencils.

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3. Colouring: Review
In the previous Grades, you have learned about the types and
combination of colours to derive the ones that you require. Here
is a brief review of what you have learned so far.

Knowledge of colour

1. Primary colour: Primary colours are main colours.

Red Yellow Blue

2. Secondary colour: We get secondary colours by mixing any two primary

colours. See the picture below.

Red + Yellow Yellow + Blue Blue + Red

Orange Green Purple

3. Mixed colour: We get colours by mixing primary colours and secondary
colours. See the picture below.

Red + Orange Yellow + Blue Blue + Red

Vermilion Red Golden Leaf Green
(Dark Orange) (Deep Orange) (Light Orange)

Blue + Green Blue + Purple Red + Purple

Dark Green Purple Blue Dark Purple

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Red + Green Green + Purple

Brown Olive Green

Activity

Colour the circle. Use the colour as indicated in the number chart below.

Note to the teacher
• For colour concepts, let students play with colours as much as time

allows. Teachers should help students to devide the circle into 12 parts.

164 Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-5

How to colour a butterfly?

Here is the picture of a butterfly.
Notice the colour combination
applied, using crayons. To
get exact shades, light, and
pigmentation, we have to repeat
the strokes.

Now, colour the sketch below, using crayons. You may need to select appropriate
colours and apply them repeatedly.

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2. Collage Art

As you already know, collage art is made of pieces of various objects. In this
lesson, we will learn to design a Village Home using splits of broom-sticks.

A Village Home

* Collect a broom, preferably a discarded one.
* With a knife, split the broom-sticks to get thin split-caves.
* Using fevicol, glue the splits on a sheet of paper to make a plane.
* Take another sheet of paper and trace pictures on it. And cut them out with

the scissors.
* Now, glue the pictures using glue-stick on the split-plane made of broom-

sticks and cut it with the scissors.
* On the sketch design of the Village Home given below, glue the cut-out

pieces. Now, the design is complete.

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3. Spray Printing

Designing Clothes
Let's practise designing clothes, using the technique of spray printing. Put some
drops of different water colours on the paper. Spread them by blowing hard with
a straw pipe. Draw the design of a cloth and cut the outline and paste it in your
drawing book.

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4. Paper work

2.1 Paper Folding

Making a Paper Bird

Step 1 the Step 2 the Step 3

Fold along Fold along Fold 2/3 part of the
dotted line. dotted line. paper from left to right.

Step 4 Step 5 Step 6

Fold the front right Fold the upper part Fold the front part upward
corner to left side as downward from the and also fold the back side
shown. centre. as shown.

Step 7 Step 8 Step 9
Now draw an eye.
Fold along the dotted line Fold the inner side of
by unfolding along the × the left corner.
line as shown.

Step 10
The bird is ready.

Note to the teacher
• Teacher should make sure the students

follow the instructions.
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2.2 Paper Cutting

Making a Decorative Design.

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3
Again fold in half.
Take any square-shaped Again fold in half, from
paper. Fold in half along the corner as shown.
the dotted lines.

Step 4 Step 5
Cut the figures and unfold the paper.
Draw any half shape
design.

The design is ready for decoration.

Note to the teacher
• Let students enjoy, practising different designs.
• Encourage students to decorate the classroom with the designs they have made.

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5. Clay Work Step 2

Making an Elephant Prepare one sphere, one oval, and five
Step 1 cylindrical sticks, one thin and others thicker.
Take some clay and
knead it properly.

Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

Again perpare two flat Take a toothpick and Take a bit of clay and fill
thin ovels, two small cones attach it to the thin the empty space. Now
and one long round stick. cylinder. Bend it a little make it smooth with little
and join with the sphere water. It should look like
as shown. the head of an elephant.

Step 6 Step 7 Step 8

Join the head with the Join cylinders with the Now join two flat ovals for
oval body, fill the clay and body. Then fill the clay ears, two cones for tusks,
make it smooth. and make it smooth for and the long stick for the
the legs. elephant's tail.

Step 9 Step 10

Make the eyes. Now let the Colour it with pastel colours. The
clay work dry for 24 hours. elephant is ready.

170 Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-5

6. Music

Children's Song

lxp“ vfn] fsf] kfgL

-lxp“ vf]nfsf] kfgL, 5g' } gxg' ]
n]ssf] le/fnf] af6f,] lx8g\ } gxg' ]_ @

-ofssf] unfdf nfPsf] @
-306L aH5, l6ª l6ª_
xfdf| ] t ns] df dw/' 3fd
;w}“ kfgLsf] l/dlemd

lxp“ vf]nfsf] kfgL 5'g} gxg' ]
ns] sf] le/fnf] af6f,] lx8g\ } gx'g]

-afbn cfO 5fgfdf ub{5 ;w“} 5fd5'd_ @
dfbn lr;f]n] cf]l;G5 8Dkm' r}“ aH5 wdwd

lxp“ vf]nfsf] kfgL, 5g' } gx'g]
n]ssf] le/fnf] af6f], lx8g\ } gx'g]

cfdfnfO{ cIf/ yfxf 5} g
‘s’ af6 s] s] nl] vG5, @
l5l/ªu\ nfO{ ;w“} kfvfdf
3f;“ sf] ef/Ldf el] 6G5

-lxp“ vf]nfsf] kfgL, 5g' } gxg' ] 171
ns] sf] le/fnf] af6f,] lx8\g} gxg' _] @

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Folk Song
This song is popular in the Tamang community during a wedding ceremony.
This song pays respect to community elders.

tfDaf uLt

afh] afas' f] wdn{ ,] b]jtf cjtf/ of] rf]nf
kfof+} cfkmg\ } sd{n,] et" n] h:t} sfd u¥of}+
csf]{ hg' Ldf s] x'G5, ;Dem]/ Nofpb“ f dg ?G5 .
Psn} gfªu\ } hGd]sf] d/L gfªu\ } hfg' 5
sfx] L ;fydf hfb“ }g, wgsf] kf]sf] nf“b}g
bj] tfsf] h:tf] of] rf]nf .
kml] / csf{] kfpb“ }g eujfgsf] Wofg ug{
bl' vofnfO{ bfg ug,{ Psl5g hxfg ?jfjf;
v/fgLsf] xG' 5 /f; .

172 Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-5