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Published by , 2021-12-08 22:29:03

โครงงานe

โครงงานe

Chadaporn Jongjararn M 2/6 No34

Teacher Pattana Chotikanta

This book is made to summarize all 5 topics for study or
read and understand the content that has been prepared in a

short amount of time.

list of contents
present simple tense
present continuous tense
past simple tense1
past continuous tense
present perfect tense

present simple tense

Studying the sentence structures of various tenses makes it possible to
understand exactly at what time the events being discussed took place.
This helps prevent miscommunication. Today we will start learning the
basic tense like Present Simple Tense.

Characteristics of using the Present Simple Tense

Present means present, so Present Simple Tense is a sentence with a
simple structure to talk about the present event. with different
characteristics

1. Used to talk about the reality of everyday life or natural reality Even
if the event is in the past or in the future, for example
1.1 Durian is the king of fruit
2. Used to talk about an event, habit, or action that recurs daily, for
example:
2.2 I walk to school every day
3 Used to give advice or give directions, for example:

3.3Turn off the television before going to bed

1. The sentence tells the structure of the telling sentence.: Subject +
Verb.1 + Object+ (time word) The verb box 1 will be added. s or es

If the subject of the sentence is singular (He, She, It) but if the chairman
is I, You or plural subject (You,We, They) Keep the verb form. as
before, for example

I go to university by bus every morning.

**This sentence is the subject of I, although it is singular, but it is an
exception as a verb. go s or es

He plays guitar very well.

**In this sentence, the subject is He is singular, the verb is play, so we
need to add s.

2. interrogative sentence

The structure of the question sentence in Present Simple Tense There
are two forms:

Type 1: Verb to be + Subject + Objec+ (telling time) ?use When in that
sentence V. to be (Is, Am, Are) appears

Type 2: Verb to do + Subject + Verb.1 + Object + (Time statement)?

Used when the sentence doesn't have V. to be, so we have to add V. to
do, i.e. do and does.

Let's help by starting a sentence in front of the subject. There are
different ways to use: Do is used before I, You and plural subjects (You,
We, They), and Does is used before singular subjects (He, She, It) and
constant verbs. The first box is the same without adding s, es.

3. Negative Sentences

There are two negative sentences in the Present Simple Tense that are
similar to the interrogative sentence.

Type 1: Subject + Verb to be + not + Object /extension + (time
statement)Used when V. to be (Is, Am, Are) appears in the sentence

Type 2: Subject + Verb to do + not + Verb.1 + Object + (tell time)

The second type is used when the sentence doesn't have V. to be, so we
have to use V. to do, i.e. do. and does come to help, followed by not to
say refusal As for verbs, keep the 1st form the same without adding s,es.

1] It _______ a lot in Ranong, Thailand.
A. is rain
B. is not rain
C. rains
D. rain
2] We _______ Thai fried rice very much.
A. likes
B. are like
C. like
D. are not like
3] They _______ Chinese but they _______ Thai.
A. don’t speak / don’t speak
B. speak / speak
C. are no speak / speak
D. don’t speak / speak

4] They always _______ basketball in the evening.A. play
B. are not play
C. plays
D. playing
5] My brother _______ to the gym often.
A. don’t go
B. go
C. is go
D. goes
Answer
1. (C) rains
2. (C) like
3. (D) don’t speak / speak
4. (A) play
5. (D) goes

present continuous tense

Characteristics of using the Present Continuous Tense

Present Continuous Tense, or many people may be known as the Present
Progressive Tense, as we know that present means present.
continuous/progressive It means to continue, so this tense tells the story
of what is happening today. with the following usage characteristics:

1. Used to tell a story or action in the present that is ongoing and has not
yet ended. (will end in the future) may find the word of time (Adverbs of
time) appears in the sentence as well. now, at the moment, right now

2. Used for an event or action that is currently trending or popular.

3. Used for an upcoming event or action in the future. It is definitely
prepared and planned in advance. and often find the words to tell the
time (Adverbs of time) such as tonight, this evening, tomorrow, next
week

4. It applies to events or actions that happen too often. repetitive and
boring

1. A telling sentence

2. Descriptive sentence structure: Subject + V. to be + Verb. Add ing +
Object + (telling time) What we need to consider in the Present
Continuous Tense sentence is the use of V. to be which consists of is,
am, are. Choose whichever V. to be to be, notice the subject of the
sentence. If the subject is He, She, It, use is; if the subject is I, use am,
and if The subject is You, We, They. Use are and change the verb form
by adding ing. For example: My sister is playing violin

** The subject of this sentence is My sister or can be substituted with
She, so it must be followed by V. to be is is and add ing after the word
play.

1 We are reading newspaper now

** In this sentence, the subject is We, which is plural, must be followed
by V. to be is are and add ing after read.

1 I am sleeping under the tree

** The subject of this sentence is I, although it is singular. but must be
followed by V. to be, which is am only, and add ing after sleep

Additional knowledge : The principle of adding ing at the end of verbs
generally can add ing at all, but there are some exceptions in the
following cases:

1. Verbs have short vowels (a, i, u, e, o, etc.) and are usually a, e, i, o, u
before the consonants. Or that verb has only one spelling, before adding
ing, repeat the spelling of that word again and
then add ing e.g.

sit ---> sitting

cut ---> cutting

2. The verb ends in e, cut off the e and add ing, for example:

come ---> coming

3. Verbs that have 2 vowels (A, E, I, O, U) can simply add ing, for
example:

cook ---> cooking

4. Verbs that end in ie, change ie to y and add ing, for example:

die ---> dying

begin ---> beginning

2. ประโยคคำถำม

5. Verbs with two syllables and pronounced stress on the latter syllable
where syllables have only one vowel and spelling Repeat the spelling of
the word again and then add ing, for example:

Question sentence structure: V. to be + Subject + Verb. Add ing + object
+ (telling time)?

There are no rules for question sentences in the Present Continuous
Tense. Just switch V. to be at the beginning of the sentence. By
considering the choice of V. to be according to the subject of the
sentence. Just like this, you will get a question sentence. For example:

Is it raining at the moment ?

Are you lying to me

3. Negative Sentences
Negative sentence structure: Subject + V. to be + not + Verb. Add ing +
object + (tell time)
For the negative sentence, the same form is the same as the affirmative
sentence, but add not after V. to be. This will be the negative sentence in
Present Continuous Tense for example
The students are not studying Science.
Sunisa is not doing homework.
I am not swimming in the canal.

1] I am doing homework and my sister _____ TV.
A. are watching
B. is watching
C. watching
D. to watch.
2] Mario and I _____ chess in the bedroom now.
A. am playing
B. playing
C. are playing
D. to play
3] (A) _____ doing?
(B) I am ironing my shirts.
A. What do you
B. What he
C. What does he
D. What are you

4] (A) _____ you studying Thai now?
(B) Yes, I _____.
A. Do / Do
B. Are / Do
C. Are / am
D. Do / am
5] It’s sunny now. It _____.
A. is raining
B. rains
C. doesn’t rain
D. isn’t raining
answer 1. (B) is watching
2. (C) are playing
3. (D) What are you
4. (C) Are / am
5. (D) isn’t raining

past simple tense.used for things that happened in the past

and have already ended And using the verb channel 2, let's look at the
structure and example sentences first.
. telling sentences S. + V.2 I went to the theme park yesterday.
negative sentence S. + did not + V.1
She didn’t come to Thailand last year.
interrogative sentence Did + S + V.1
Did you see Jane at the bank last hour?

Ex. They came here yesterday
Ex. He left home ten minutes ag
Ex. I bought a new phone two days ago.
2. Used to talk about habits or routines that have been done in the past.
or telling someone who has done something Where have you been in the
past? and
Ex. We cooked every day last year.
Ex. He always went to office late last month.

1] I _____ to the coffee shop after class.
A. gone
B. was go
C. went
D. didn’t went
2] _____ you watch the football match last night?
A. Were
B. Did
C. Was
D. Weren’t
3] Mario didn’t _____ badminton last weekend.
A. played
B. playing
C. play
D. to play

4] _____ you and Tim at the meeting room last night?
A. Was
B. Were
C. Did
D. Wasn’t
5] They _____ happy after hearing the bad news.
A. weren’t
B. wasn’t
C. were
D. was
answer
1. (C) went
2. B) Did
3. (C) play
4. (B) Were
5. (A) weren’t

past continuous tense

Declarative sentence S + was/were + V.ing He was playing football
yesterday at 10 am.
Negative sentence S + was/were + not + V.ing
He was not playing football yesterday at 10 am.
Question sentence Was/Were+ S + V.ing
Was he playing football yesterday at 10 am?
Was / Were
Subject
Verb to be used (second verb of is and are)
I, He, She, It, A cat (singular subject)
was
You, We, They, Cats (plural subject)
Were

1. an event that happened in the past, such as
It was raining yesterday at noon
2. Events that are continuing in the past which happened before Then
another incident intervened, for example:
I was having a beautiful dream when the alarm clock rang.
3. Events are happening simultaneously in the past, nothing happened
before and after, for example:
While my mom was cooking, my dad was washing his car.

1] I _____ homework at 10 p.m. yesterday.
A. was do
B. was doing
C. was done
D. were doing
2] _____ James inventing a toy yesterday morning?
A. Did
B. Was
C. Were
D. Had
3] We_____ under the tree.
A. were sat
B. sitting
C. was sitting
D. were sitting

4] Was she not _____ her dresses?
A. washed
B. wash
C. washing
D. washes
5] _____ in the garden?
A. Was Tom reading
B. Was Tom read
C. Did Tom reading
D. Tom reading
answer
1. [B] was doing
2. [B] Was
3. [D] were sitting
4. [C] washing
5. [A] Was Tom reading

present perfect tense

Present Perfect Tense is
Subject + has / have + V3
has / have Changed according to the chairman as follows:
- The chairman is singular. (He, She, It, John, Jane) use Has
- The subject is plural. (I, You, We, They, The dogs, Students) use Have
principle of use Present Perfect Tense is
1. Used for an event that has just ended. or newly ending, there is often
just, already or yet in the sentence, for example:
Has the train arrived yet?
Daniel has just informed us where to meet tomorrow.
2. Applies to events that occurred in the past and have effect or remain
in the present But that event was over. Most of the time, since, for, ever
since, so far are included in the
I’ve known her for years.

Wendy has lived here ever since.

3. Used to describe experiences. Most of the time, there are words
never, ever, once, twice, for example.

Have you ever been to Japan?

She has been to Japan twice.

4. Used in an if-clause construct of type 1 in a condition that indicates
that if one event is completed, another event will occur, e.g. The
children can go.

out, if they have finished their homework.

1] My friend is on the way. He _____ at work yet.
A. haven’t arrived
B. hasn’t arrived
C. arrived
D. didn’t arrived
2] We are not hungry now. We have _____ eaten.
A. yet
B. now
C. just
D. ever
3] My mother has never _____ to Phuket.
A. been
B. went
C. go
D. was

4] _____ you ever been to Krabi.
A. Were
B. Do
C. Are
D. Have
5] The students are still working. They haven’t finished their work
_____.
A. already
B. yet
C. still
D. never
answer 1. (B) hasn’t arrived
2. (C) just
3. (A) been
4. (D) Have
5. (B) yet


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