CORYNEBACTERIUM

Welcome!

GROUP 10

MUHAMMAD SYAZANI LEE BIN SYAZMIQ LEE (213055)
NANCY NOVMIA A/P MARIANYAGAM (210358)
NOR IRWANIS BINTI MOHD ZULKIFLY (210402)
NUR AMIRAH WAJIHAH BINTI KAMARUDDIN (210443)
NURUL AIMAN AFIQAH BINTI NORAZIRUDDIN (210213)

CONTENTS

01 Introduction 03 Role in diseases

02 Characteristics of 04 Industrial uses

Corynebacterium

CORYNEBACTERIUM

What is that?

What is Corynebacterium?

Is a genus of bacteria that are Gram-positive bacilli
Non-spore forming club-shaped rods
Most are aerobic.
The famous species is Corynebacterium diphtheriae

INTRODUCTION Corynebacterium diphtheriae that
cause diphtheriae also known as
Klebs–Löffler bacillus.

Edwin Klebs (1883) and Friedrich
Löffler(1884).

8 points

Corynebacterium diphtheriae
produces diphtheria toxin that will
move and attack other body's site.

Biotypes of Mitis–black colonies with a gray
Corynebacterium periphery
Gravis –large, gray colonies
diphtheriae Intermedius–small, dull gray to
black.

Characteristics

Thin, slender rod-shaped (bacillus)
bacterium with the presence of
metachromatic granules

Gram +ve bacterium

Non-capsulated bacterium
Non-motile bacterium
Catalase-positive

Cultivation

CULTURE REQUIREMENTS of Corynebacterium diphtheriae



Special requirements – readily grows in a media containing Blood,
Serum or Egg

In laboratories - commonly Loeffler’s serum slope & Tellurite Blood
Agar medium

Optimum temperature - 37°C

Optimum pH – 7.4 to 7.6

Oxygen requirements – It can tolerate high levels of oxygen as well
as readily grows in an environment with the low level of oxygen too.

water soil

HABITAT

food products plants

Toxin Production

Corynebacterium diphtheriae is a lysogenic
bacteriophage that carries toxin gene

The diphtheria toxin gene (tox+) is located on the
genome of the bacteriophage

Diphtheria toxin is a 58 kDa protein consisting
of two fragments: fragment A- the active unit
and fragment B- the binding unit. A and B
fragments separates after receptor-mediated
endocytosis

Cell Metabolism

Corynebacteria are chemoorganotrophic,
aerobic, or facultatively anaerobic, and
they exhibit a fermentative metabolism
under certain conditions.

They are fastidious organisms

Role in Diseases

Diphtheria is a serious infect
ion caused by Corynebacterium
diphtheriae
Secretes toxin (poison)
Originated in United States from 1920-1925



Respiratory Diphtheriae

Symptoms: Dead tissue forms a thick,
1. Weakness gray coating called
2.Sore throat pseudomembrane - cover
3.Mild fever tissues in nose, tonsils and
4.Swollen glands in the neck throat - lead to heart,
nerve and kidney damage

DIPHTHERIA SKIN INFECTION

The bacteria infects Symptoms
the skin but rarely
causes any severe open sores
ulcers
diseases

Toxin mechanism

01 02 03 04

Toxin mechanism 02

01

ATTACHMENT ENTRY

Toxin mechanism 04

03

DIFFUSION OF SUBUNIT A GAIN ACCESS INTO EF2

Toxin mechanism

05

INHIBITION OF PROTEIN
SYNTHESIS

DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT

Can swab the back of the throat or Using diphtheria antitoxin
nose and test it for the bacteria. Using antibiotics
Can take a sample from an open sore
or ulcer and try and grow the bacteria.

1907 PREVENTION 1940





TOWARD
IMMUNIZATION

Emil Von Behring discovered that a
mixture of diphtheria toxin and

antitoxin produced safe and lasting
immunity to diphtheria to humans.

INDUSTRIAL USES!

Cheese Production of
aging Amino Acids

INDUSTRIAL Production of
APPLICATIONS Glutamic Acids

Production of
enzyme

PRODUCTION OF GLUTAMIC ACID

C. Glutamicum
PROD
UCE
AEROBICUNCDOENRDITIONS

Glutamic acid

FERMEN
TATION

Monosodium Glutamate (MSG)

Yogurt Soy sauce

REFERENCES




1. https://www.cdc.gov/diphtheria/about/index.html
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RgEQiTpfq4g
3. https://microbiologyinfo.com/biotypes-of-corynebacterium-diphtheriae/
4. https://paramedicsworld.com/corynebacterium-diphtheriae/morphology-culture-

characteristics-of-corynebacterium-diphtheriae-diphtheria-bacillus/medical-
paramedical-studynotes
5. https://www.liquisearch.com/corynebacterium/habitat
6. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corynebacterium#:~:text=Species%20of%20Corynebact
erium%20have%20been,to%20produce%20lysine%20and%20threonine.
7. https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Corynebacterium

-GROUP 10-