18-19 Science Portfolio

PART #1

2018-19 Portfolio
Ty Lopez

1

Science Presentation

2

Fruit Fly Experiment

3

Metric Practice

Conversion chart

4

Measure the length of the following items in the classroom using the appropriate
unit:

Object Appropriate Metric Unit Convert to another unit

Width of Textbook 22 cm 220 mm

Length of Textbook 28 cm 280 mm

Width of Desk 60 cm 600 mm

Length of Desk 1.37 meters 137 cm

Height of cabinet 73 cm 290 mm

Width of paper clip 1 cm 10 mm

Length of pencil eraser 1 cm 10 mm

Radius of door lock 7.5 mm .75 cm

Width of scotch tape 5 cm 50 mm

Width of Classroom 8.14 m 814 cm

Scientific Method Practice

Independent Variable: the special juice

5

Dependent variable: the amount of stacks of paper
Constant: Same Task, Same amount of Time
Control: Group with No Juice

Model Experiment

Mr. Smithers believed that Caffeine may make people more alert. Mr. Smithers tested
100 people by using their scores in the same video game. Devin had 3 different brands
of drinks with 10 g, 20 g, and 30 g of caffeine respectively. He measured their scores
on a video game that had a range of 0-1000 points. Some of the players were not given
caffeine drinks.

Problem Statement

Which Caffeine drinks make people more alert?

Hypothesis

If The Brand with 20 g is used, then people will be most alert

Independent Variable

Control: no Caffeine 10 g Caffeine 20 g Caffeine 30 g Caffeine

Dependent Variable

How many points scored in video game

Constants​ (Pick 2)

Same video game Same range of points

Control

No Caffeine

Basic Procedures:​
(List 5-8 steps)

1. Give 25 people 10 g of Caffeine, 25 people 20 g of Caffeine, 25 people 30 g of
Caffeine, and 25 people who don’t have Caffeine at all

2. Have them start playing the same video game
3. Record the amount of points scored
4. Put data on table
5. Insert data from table into graph

Data Table:​ (Place data table here and use only 2 columns: A and B) Include A​ LL​ Titles!

6

No Caffeine 600 points
10 g Caffeine 475 points
20 g Caffeine 210 points
30 g Caffeine 90 points
Graph:

Conclusion:
Purpose, Hypothesis, Description, Data or evidence, Improvements, Conclusion
In Conclusion, my hypothesis was incorrect. The people that weren’t given caffeine were the
most alert. In my experiment, people were given different amounts of caffeine before paying the
same video game. The people with 20 grams of caffeine had 2 times less points compared to
the people not given Caffeine at all. People stay the most alert when not drinking Caffeine.

7

A student wanted to test to see which cleaning
detergent cleaned the dishes the best. She used
brand a, brand b, brand c as well as just water for her
experiment. She washed them under the same wash
cycle for the same amount of time and with the same
food on the dishes.

Problem Statement
Which cleaning detergent clean the dishes the best?
Hypothesis
If cleaning detergent b is used, then the dishes will be the
cleanest
IV
The cleaning detergents
DV
How much food was cleaned off the dishes
Constants
Same amount of time, same food on dishes, same wash
cycle
Control
The water

8

Density Lab

Densities of Pure Metals

Element Symbol Density
g/cm3​

Actinium Ac 10

Aluminum Al 2.70

Antimony Sb 6.68

Barium Ba 3.62

Beryllium Be 1.85

Bismuth Bi 9.79

Cadmium Cd 8.69

Calcium Ca 1.54

Cerium Ce 6.77

Cesium Cs 1.93

Chromium Cr 7.15

Cobalt Co 8.86

Copper Cu 8.96

Dysprosium Dy 8.55

Erbium Er 9.07

Europium Eu 5.24

Gadolinium Gd 7.90

Gallium Ga 5.91

9

Gold Au 19.3
Hafnium Hf 13.3
Holmium Ho 8.80
Indium In 7.31
Iridium Ir 22.5
Fe 7.87
Iron La 6.15
Lanthanum Pb 11.3
Li 0.53
Lead Lu 9.84
Lithium Mg 1.74
Lutetium Mn 7.3
Magnesium Hg 13.53
Manganese Mo 10.2
Mercury Nd 7.01
Molybdenum Np 20.2
Neodymium Ni 8.90
Neptunium Nb 8.57
Nickel Os 22.59
Niobium Pd 12.0
Osmium Pt 21.5
Palladium Pu 19.7
Platinum Po 9.20
Plutonium
Polonium

10

Potassium K 0.89
Praseodymiu Pr 6.77

m Pm 7.26
Promethium Pa 15.4
Protactinium Ra
Re 5
Radium Rh 20.8
Rhenium Rb 12.4
Rhodium Ru 1.53
Rubidium Sm 12.1
Ruthenium Sc 7.52
Samarium Ag 2.99
Scandium Na 10.5
Sr 0.97
Silver Ta 2.64
Sodium Tc 16.4
Strontium Tb
Tantalum Tl 11
Technetium Th 8.23
Terbium Tm 11.8
Thallium Sn 11.7
Thorium Ti 9.32
Thulium W 7.26
4.51
Tin 19.3
Titanium
Tungsten

11

Uranium U 19.1

Vanadium V 6.0

Ytterbium Yb 6.90

Yttrium Y 4.47

Zinc Zn 7.14

Zirconium Zr 6.52

12

Density Word Problems

Directions:​ Solve each of the problems below. Show your work including the formula, calling
out each variable and plugging the numbers into the formula. Your answer should include units
of measure. Reference densities and formulas listed below may be helpful in

1. What is the density of an object with a mass of 120g and a volume of 7ml?
D = M/V
D = 120g/7mL
D = 17.14 g/mL

17.14
2. What is the volume of 220g of an object with a density of 55g/cm3?
V = M/D
V = 220/55
V = 4ml
4
3. We have an object with a density of 620g/cm3 and a volume of 75 cm3. What is the mass of
this object?
M=V/D
M=75/620
.121g

4. What would be the mass of #3 in kilograms?

13

.000121kg

5. A block of wood has a mass of 180 grams. It is 10.0 cm long, 6.0cm wide, and 4.0cm thick.

What are its volume and density?

V=240 D=.75 V=lwh

V=10*6*4

V=240

D=M/V
D=180/240
D=.75g/cm3
6. A 500-gram piece of metal has a volume of 2.75 cm3. What is its density?
181.81
7. Find the volume of 20.0g of benzene. ​Look at the chart below.
.044
8. Find the mass of Ether which can be put into a beaker holding 130 mL. ​ Look at the chart at
bottom of the document.
92.3
9. Find the volume of 10g of gasoline. L​ ook at the chart at bottom of the document.

10. A cube measures 3.0 cm on each side and has a mass of 25g. What is the density of the
cube?
.925
11. Will the cube in # 10 float in water? Will it float in benzene?
Yes it will float in water, no it will not float in Benzene
12. An irregularly shaped stone was lowered into a graduated cylinder holding a
volume of water equal to 20.0mL. The height of the water rose to 30.2mL. If the mass of the
stone was 25.0g, what was its density?
2.451
13. A solid object listed below has a volume of 10.0 cm3. It has a mass of 86g. What is its
density? What material is the object?
8.6g/cm3 Brass
14. If two objects have the same density and A has a higher mass than B, which has a
larger volume (A or B)?
B

15. Two objects have the same mass but A occupies less volume than B. Which has a
larger density?
A
16. What is the mass of a cylinder of lead that is 2.50 cm in diameter, and 5.50 cm long? The
density of lead is 11.4 g/mL and the volume of a cylinder is V= π r​2h​ .
.423g
17. When a 50 cm long wooden log has a radius of 7 cm and a mass of 770g, what is the
density of the wood?

14

.1001g/cm3
18. A glass bottle has a volume of 1L and weighs 500g. When half filled with oil, it weighs 1,750
g. What is the density of the oil in the bottle?
2.5
d = m/v m= d x v
V = m/d 1 mL = 1 cm3

Common densities
Benzene 0.88g/mL
Gasoline 0.7g/mL
Ether 0.71g
Brass 8.6 g/cm 3
Copper 8.9g/cm3

Phase Change Reflection: Hero’s Engine

Directions:​ Write a reflection about the Hero’s Engine observed in class today. How does it
relate to phase changes and the role of heat energy? How does it relate to energy resources?

When the heat energy reaches the boiling point, the spouts spit out gas in the air,
making the glass spin. When heat gets added to water, it evaporates into a gas, when reaching
the top, the gas goes into the spouts and starts to condense. Then sprinkles of hot water shoot
out, making the beaker spin, faster as the heat is rising.

Do Now 10-23

Directions: ​Research the specific heats of aluminum, copper, and gold in calories/gC. Make a
chart on this document and explain how the substances are different from water. Discuss with
your partners or lab group.
Table:

Substance Specific Heat Heat Energy
(include pictures) (cal/gC) (calories)

Water 1.0 100g *5C*1 cal/gC
500 calories

Aluminum .215 100g *5C*.215 cal/gC
107.5 calories

Copper .0923 100g *5C * .0923 cal/gC
46.15 calories

Gold .0301 100g * 5c * .0301 cal/gC
15.05 calories

15

Graph of Specific Heats:

Phase Changes

Calculate Heat Energy: * SH

Apply the following Equations: Boiling Heat of
Heat = Mass * Heat of Fusion Pt. (​ C) Vaporization
Heat = Mass * Change in Temperature
Heat = Mass * Heat of Vaporization (cal/g)
Data Table:

Metal Mass Heat of Melting Specific Heat
Fusion Pt.​ (C) Heat Energy
(cal/g) (cal/gC) (cal)

Water 65 g 80 0 100 540 1 46800

Aluminum 65 g 95 660 2467 2500 0.21 193341

Gold 65 g 15 1063 2800 377 0.03 59351.5

*SHOW ALL MATH STEPS
Math Steps (____ out of 4)

16

A. Aluminum

Heat = m * Hf​ usion
Heat = 65g * 95cal/g
Heat = 6175cal

Heat = m * ΔT * SH
Heat = 65g * 1807C * .21
Heat = 24666cal

Heat = m * H​vaporization
Heat = 65g * 2500
Heat = 162500cal

Total: Heat + Heat + Heat
Total = 193340.55cal

B. Gold
Heat = m * Hfusion
Heat = 65g * 15cal/g
Heat = 975cal

Heat = m * T * SH
Heat = 65g * 1737C * .3
Heat = 33871.5cal

Heat = m * Hvaporization
Heat = 65g * 377
Heat = 24505cal

Total: Heat + Heat + Heat
Total = 59351.5cal

C. Water

17

Heat = m * Hfusion
Heat = 65g * 80cal/g
Heat = 5200cal
Heat = m * T * SH
Heat = 65g * 100C * 1
Heat = 6500cal
Heat = m * Hvaporization
Heat = 65g * 540
Heat = 35100cal
Total: Heat + Heat + Heat
Total = 46800cal
Graph your Results: (total heat energy)

Questions:
1. How are the substances different?
2. What is the difference between Heat and Temperature? Use evidence from the
equations.
The heat of an object is the total energy of all the molecular motion inside that object.
Temperature, on the other hand, is a measure of the average heat of the molecules in a
substance.
3. Explain the Phase Change Diagram here:

18

The substance starts as a solid with a temparature of -1*C or below. Then the
temparature rises to 0*C and the solid has reached the melting point. It stays at 0*C for a few
minutes, then the temparature starts to rise again, slower, finally reaching 100*C, the boiling
point of a liquid. The liquid then starts to boil and vaporize.

4. What happens to the molecules throughout the Phase Change Diagram?
5. The molecules start to move faster and faster.
6. Place your Heat Energy results in Scientific Notation.

Water: 4.68*10​4
Aluminum: 1.93341*105​
Gold: 5.9352*104​

19

Blue Portfolio 2018-19
Part 2

1. Cover Page: Classifying Matter
2. Classifying Matter Vocabulary
3. Activity: Classifying a Candy Mixture

​Classification of Matter

Textbook: Chapter 15 (448-473)

1. Vocabulary

Directions: ​Write the definition and master the words on Quizlet. Include a

screenshot on this document showing your mastery of the words. Include a

picture that represents each word.

Substance Heterogeneous Solubility Solvent
Matter with a Mixture The maximum In a solution, the
composition that A mixture, such amount of a substance in
is always the as mixed nuts, solute that can which the solute
same or a dry soup be dissolved in a is dissolved
mix, in which given amount of
different solvent at a
materials are given
unevenly temperature
distributed and
are easily
identified

Element Homogeneous Atom Saturated
Any solution that
A substance with Mixture The smallest contains all the
solute it can hold
atoms that are Solid, liquid or particle of an at a given
temperature
all alike gas that contains element that still

2 or more retains the

substances properties of the

blended evenly element

throughout

Compound Solution Solute Unsaturated
A substance Any solution that
formed from 2 or Homogeneous In a solution, the can dissolve
more elements more solute at a
in which the that remains substance being given
exact same temperature
combination and constantly and dissolved

uniformly mixed

and has particles

that are so so

proportion of small they
elements is cannot be seen
always the same without a
microscope

Mixture Concentration Suspension Supersaturated
A Any solution that
Material A measurement heterogeneous contains more
mixture solute than a
composed of two of how much containing a saturated
liquid in which solution at the
or more solute exists visible particles same
settle temperature
elements or within a certain

compounds that volume of

are physically solvent

mixed together

but not

chemically

combined

2. Classification of Matter
*Provide Examples of each form of matter. Include a picture.

Heterogeneous Homogeneous Element Compound

Mixture Mixture

Mixed nuts Soda Copper Salt
Dry soup mix Lemonade Iron Aluminum Oxide

Pizza Milk

Critical Thinking:
● How are Elements and Compounds similar and different?

QUIZ: Classifying Matter

I. Directions: I​ dentify the following as either a Heterogeneous Mixture, Homogeneous Mixture,

Element or Compound. Write the following letters in Column B for your choices:

A. Heterogeneous

B. Homogeneous

C. Element

D. Compound

Column A Column B

Salad A

Copper C

Lemonade B

Rocks, sand, gravel A

Salt Water B

Gold C

Sodium Chloride (​ NaCl) D

Air (Oxygen, nitrogen, carbon monoxide…) D

K​2S​ O​4 D
Twix, Snickers, pretzels, popcorn in a bag A

II. Directions:​ Determine the Mass % of each mixture and construct the appropriate graphs.

Mixture A Mass (g) %

Large Rocks 125 51.8
125/241=

Small Rocks 75 31.1
75/241=

Coarse Sand 32 13.3
32/241=

Iron 9 3.7
9/241=
125+75+32+9=241 grams %
Mixture B Mass (g) 52.7
Large Rocks 205

205/389=

Small Rocks 58 14.9
58/389=

Coarse Sand 97 24.9
97/389=

Iron 29 7.5
29/389=

205+58+97+29=389 grams
Calculation Examples (​ Provide 2 Examples showing how you determined the Mass %)- In
Tables

Graphs:
Mixture A

Mixture B

Part III.​ Determine the Mass % of Elements in each Compound:

K​2​SO​4​ - Potassium Sulfate
(Show Math Here)
K - 39 amu*2=78 amu
S - 32 amu
O - 16 amu*2=32amu
32+32+78=142
142=Total Mass
K- 78 amu= 54.9%
S- 32 amu= 22.5%
O- 32 amu= 22.5%

Na​3​PO​4​ - Sodium Phosphate
(Show Math Here)
Na - 23 amu*3=69 amu
P - 31 amu
O - 16 amu*4=64 amu
64+69+31=164 amu
Na- 69 amu= 42.1%
P- 31 amu= 18.9%
O- 64 amu= 39%

Graphs:
A. Mixture

B. Compound (pick one)

IV. Conclusion:
1. Explain the difference between Mixtures and Compounds ​using data​. Compare the pie

charts.
Mixtures contain different materials and they can be seen or picked out. Compounds consist of
elements. The graph of the mixture contained Large rocks (205 grams), Small Rocks (58
grams), Coarse-Grained Sand (97 grams), and Iron (29 grams). These things can be seen and
picked out. The graph of the compound (above) consists of Potassium (P=31 amu), Oxide
(O=64 amu), and sodium (Na=69 amu). This contained only elements.
2. Explain how you separated the Salt from the Sand. Use as much new vocabulary as you
can.
I used the magnet to separate the Salt, which is a compound, from the mixture to see how much
the mass, in grams, of the salt I had. I then measured the mass of the rest of the mixture.

Activity: Candy Mixture

Directions: ​You will create a candy and snack mixture and determine the Mass% of each
component found within your mixture. Your mixture must have at least 4 different components.
Your group must sort and classify the mixture and find the mass of each component and then
create a pie chart.
Table: (Use this table to record your results)

Color of M&M Mass Percentage

Red 3 2.3/39.5 12%

Orange 9 7.8/39.5 20%

Yellow 8.5/39.5 24%

Green 7.5/39.5 22%

Blue 16 13.8/39.5 35%

Purple 3 2.3/39.5 12%
42.2

Graph:

Rachel Judi

Conclusion:​ How is your sample an example of a Heterogeneous mixture? Explain how it is
different from the mixtures other groups. (Use data) How is this different from a compound?

Use an example from the past assignment or research some compounds.

It is a mixture of different elements or colors in this case. This is different from Rachel’s mixture

because she put Milky Ways in her mixture along with the M&Ms. Judi’s is similar except her

percentages are different. For instance, in Judi’s the blue M&Ms percentage is 19.1%, while

Rachel’s is 13.1% and mine is 13.8%. Mixtures can be changed, but compounds always stay

the same.

Directions:

1. How are the mixtures different from the following compounds:
a. H​2O​ - Water- 89% Oxygen- 11% Hydrogen
b. K3​ P​ O4​ ​ - Potassium Phosphate- 55% Potassium- 30% Oxygen- 15% Phosphorus
c. Na2​ S​ O​4​ - Sodium sulfate- 32% Sodium- 23% Sulfur- 45% Oxygen
d. NaCl - Sodium chloride- 60% Chloride- 40% Sodium

Challenge:​ Elements contained in the above compounds:
*You can use these masses to determine the mass of one molecule of each compound
H - Hydrogen (1 amu)
O - Oxygen (16 amu)
P - Phosphorus (31 amu)
K - Potassium (39 amu)
Na - Sodium (23 amu)
Cl - Chloride (35 amu)
S - Sulfur (32 amu)

QUIZ:​ Solubility and Compounds
I. Write the formula for the following compounds:

1. Sodium phosphate Na+​ 1​PO4​ ​-3
2. Magnesium carbonate Na​3​PO4​
3. Ammonium carbonate Mg+​ 2​CO​3​-2
4. Lithium sulfate MgCO​3
5. Aluminum hydroxide NH​4​+1C​ O​3​-2
(NH​4)​ 2​ C​ O3​
Li​+1S​ O​4-​ 2
Li​2S​ O4​
Al+​ 3O​ H​-1

Al(OH)3​

II. W​ rite the name of the following compounds:

6. CaCO​3 Calcium Carbonate

7. Ag3​ ​PO​4 Silver Phosphate

8. K​2​S Potassium Sulfide

9. Mg(ClO3​ ​)​2 Magnesium Chlorate
10. ZnF2​ Zinc Fluoride

Question: E​ xplain how you used your Periodic Table to find the charges of 2 of the elements:

III. Solubility -​ Read the questions and analyze the solubility graphs. Explain the appearance
of the beaker with the following solutions:
1. Suppose you have 160 g of Potassium nitrate at 55 C.
Super saturated
2. Suppose you have 200 g of Potassium Iodide at 60 C.
Unsaturated

IV. Mass %​ You are exploring the Mississippi River and collect water samples. You find the
following ions in the water:

Sodium
Phosphate
Sulfate
Magnesium
Carbonate
Lithium

Your company needs you to compare the Oxygen content in 2 of the compounds. Choose 2
compounds and report the compound with the greatest and least % of oxygen. Construct Pie
Charts of both compounds.
Magnesium Phosphate
Mg​3​(PO​4​)​2
Mg (3)= 72 amu/262= 27.5%
P (2)= 62 amu/262= 23.7%
O (8)= = 128 amu/262= 48.9%

Sodium Sulfate
Na+​ 1​SO​4-​ 2
Na​2​SO​4

Na (2)= 44 amu/140= 31.4%
S (1)= 32 amu/140=22.9
O (4)= 64 amu/140= 45.7%

Magnesium Phosphate has greater oxygen than Sodium Sulfate.
Sodium Sulfate has less oxygen than Magnesium Phosphate.

Separating a Rock Mixture Lab Procedures

1. Collect rock sample from teacher
2. Carefully drop rock mixture through sieve and shake to separate for 1

minute.
3. Separate the sieves and place components in separate blue trays.
4. Place magnet in paper towel and pass magnet over sand to collect

component.
5. Place magnetic material into separate blue tray.
6. Find the Mass (grams) of each component on the Triple Beam

Balance.
7. Record on the data table.
8. Determine the total mass of the rock mixture.
9. Return the larger rocks to the orange bucket
10. Calculate the Mass % of each component.
11. Construct a pie chart.
12. Prepare filter paper in funnel on ring stand by adding a few drops

of water to the paper.
13. Add collected Fine Grained Sand to the filter paper.
14. Pass 25 mL of water through sand
15. Collect water under funnel in small beaker.
16. Boil off the 25 mL of water in beaker.

Mixture Component Mass (g)

Large Rocks 136.5
Small Rocks 11.7
Coarse-Grained Sand 59.2
Fine-Gained sand 4.1
Metal Material 1.6
Pennies 49.1
Fossils 2.1

Directions: Analyze the data tables below and use the data to answer the questions about the
rock samples. You will do a similar lab tomorrow in class.

Table 1: Rock Mixture A Mass % of Sample
Component 46%
35 g 16%
Large Rocks 35/76*100 9%
Small Rocks 4%
Fine Grained Sand 12 g 22%
Coarse-Grained Sand 12/76*100 3%
Elements 100%
Compound (Sodium Sulfate) 7g
Total 7/76*100

3g
3/76*100

17 g
17/76*100

2g
2/76*100

76g

Table 2: Rock Mixture B Mass % of Sample
Component 66%
154 g 18%
Large Rocks 154/235*100 7%
Small Rocks 5%
Fine Grained Sand 41 g 3%
Coarse-Grained Sand 41/235*100 1%
Elements 100%
Compound (Sodium Chloride) 18 g
Total 18/235*100

12g
12/235*100

7g
7/235*100

3g
3/235*100

235g

Questions:
1. How are the mixtures different?
There is a different total mass for each Mixture, as well as a different compound for each

mixture.
2. Which group had a greater % of Fine-Grained Sand?
Group A has a greater percentage of Fine-Grained sand.
3. Why are these examples of Heterogeneous Mixture?
Because there are different materials, such as the Fine-grained sand and the

Coarse-grained sand, that were unevenly distributed and these could be recognized.
4. Which compound did you choose? What is the Mass% of each element in the
compound?
Sodium Chloride- 1.8g(60%) Chloride, 1.2g Sodium(40%)

Sodium Sulfate- .9g(45%) Oxygen, .64g(32%) Sodium, .46g(23%) Sulfur

Quiz Review: Mixtures
Quiz Review Notes

Ion List/Chart





Solubility Graph

Types Of Chemical Reactions
Notes



Atomic Structure Notes