101 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Joy of Reading Read the given passage about water and solve the exercise that follow it. The Importance of Water Some doctors think that you should drink a glass of water each morning. You should drink this water first thing, before doing anything else. The temperature of the water should be similar to body temperature; neither too hot nor too cold. Why should you drink this water? Water helps your body in many ways. It helps clean out your kidneys. It prepares your stomach for digestion. Water can also help your intestines work better. After drinking water, the intestines can more easily take out nutrients from our food. Water also helps us go to the bathroom more easily.
102 Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Scientists suggest that people take in around 1.6 litre of water each day. But don’t drink all of that water in one sitting. If you do, your kidneys will have to work much harder to remove it. It’s better to drink some in the morning and some in the afternoon. Some people think it’s better to drink between meals and not during meals. They think water dilutes the juices produced in our stomachs. This can disturb with normal digestion. Are you drinking enough water every day? Check the colour of your urine. If it is light yellow, you are probably drinking enough. If your urine is very dark yellow, you probably need to drink more water. A little more water each day could make you much healthier! (1) Find the words from the passage, which mean: (a) Either of two organs in your body that remove waste products from your blood and make urine ...............................
103 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 (b) A substance that plants, animals, and people need to live and grow ............................... (c) To make (a liquid) thinner or less strong by adding water or another liquid ................................ (d) The process by which food is changed to a simpler form after it is eaten ............................... (2) Answer the following questions. (a) According to doctors, what is the first thing to do in the morning? ..................................................................................... ..................................................................................... (b) Why should we drink enough water? Write any two reasons. ..................................................................................... ..................................................................................... (c) How can water help our intestines? ..................................................................................... ..................................................................................... (d) How can we know that we are drinking enough water every day or not? ..................................................................................... ..................................................................................... (e) How much water do you drink every day? Is it enough for your body? ..................................................................................... .....................................................................................
104 Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Unit: Five Content in this Unit: Reading Habits (poem) and Birbal Goes to Heaven (story) Ways with Words Suffixes Grammar in Use Question Tags Language in Use Drawing attention Guided Writing Describing an Animal Listening Practice Listening a poem Speaking Practice Speaking on different birds and animals Pronunciation Practice Silent /H/ Project Work Project work of a bird or animal Joy of Reading Rumpelstiltskin (folklore)
105 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Lesson 5.1 Habits Before You Begin (1) Look at the following pictures and discuss which of them are good habits and which are bad ones. (2) Discuss the following questions in groups. (a) What activities do you do in a regular and repeated way? (b) Write any three good habits that you have. (c) What three bad habits that you wish to reform. Link: Good habits are of great value. They take us closer to our goals and help us in many ways. It is not possible to form a habit in a single day or short period of time. Read the poem and find out more about habits.
106 Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Reading Habits A habit is a sticky thing; Much good or evil it can bring; It binds a victim, holds him fast, And keeps him in a vise-like grasp. Bad habits grow with extra speed, Much like a healthy, growing weed. The roots grow deep; the stem grows stout; How difficult to pull it out! Good habits are a little slow; They need a lot of care to grow; If tended well, they grow fairer Then any bloom a plant can bear. Good habits help us all through life; Bad habits bring us pain and strife; Our habits, whether right or wrong, Each day will grow more firm and strong. -Carol Beachy Wenger
107 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 GLOSSARY sticky : something that is not easily removable victim : a person who is cheated or fooled by someone else vise-like : very strong grasp : a tight hold weed : a plant that grows very quickly where it is not wanted stout : thick and strong tended : looked after with care strife : very angry or violent disagreement between two or more people or groups firm : fairly hard or solid: not soft (1) Write the rhyming words of the following words. (a) thing ..................................... (b) fast ..................................... (c) speed ..................................... (d) stout ..................................... (e) slow ..................................... (f) fairer ..................................... (g) life ..................................... (h) wrong .....................................
108 Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur (2) Write whether the following statements are True or False. (a) A habit is a sticky thing because when we acquire a habit is difficult to get away from it. (b) Good habits grow more quickly than bad habits. (c) When we cultivate bad habits, pain, and trouble follow. (d) Good habits need a lot of care to grow. (3) Answer the following questions. (a) What does a habit do to its victim? ...................................................................................... (b) How do bad habits grow? ...................................................................................... (c) How are bad habits similar to weed? ...................................................................................... (d) How do good habits grow? ...................................................................................... (e) What do bad habits bring? ...................................................................................... (f) What do we gain from good habits? ......................................................................................
109 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Lesson 5.2 Birbal Goes to the Heaven Before You Begin (1) Look at the pictures of the three major characters of the story and guess their names. (2) Discuss the following questions in groups. (a) Do you believe what somebody says in your dreams? (b) Who were Akbar and Birbal? Have you heard about them? (c) Is it good to be jealous of other’s progress? Why? (d) Is it possible for a human being to go to heaven when he or she is alive? Link: Birbal was a clever and witty advisor and main commander of the army in the court of the Mughal Emperor, Akbar. His real name was Mohan Das. He had a close relationship with the Emperor because of his intelligence. Because of it, other courtiers were envious of him. The following story is one of such incidents.
110 Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Reading Birbal Goes to Heaven Birbal was very wise and witty. So other people used to be jealous of him and always tried to degrade him. One day a court barber, who was very jealous of Birbal, plotted a plan against him. So when the King called him again to trim his beard, he went and started trimming his beard. He said, “Sir, last night, I dreamed about your father.” The King got interested, so he asked, “What did he say to you?” “Sir, he said to me that everything is good in paradise, but he feels a great absence of a good humorous man who can amuse him. “The King thought and thought, but nobody else he could think of except Birbal who could perform this kind of duty very well. And naturally, the only way to go to heaven was through
111 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 death. For a moment, Akbar was very sad to lose such a wise man, but thinking of his father, he made up his mind. He called Birbal and said, “I think Birbal,” you love me very much, and you can sacrifice anything for me.” Birbal tried to understand his point but couldn’t guess. He said, “You know Majesty, I do.” “Then, Birbal, please go to heaven to give company to my dear father.” Birbal understood that this was a wicked plan for somebody to kill him. He said to Emperor politely, “I will do so, but I need a few days to prepare myself to go to heaven.” The King said, “Certainly, you are giving me such great favour, I allow you one week to prepare yourself.” Now Birbal was worried. He thought somebody has planned very well, and he could not escape from this plan. He thought day and night. And then he found a way. He dug a ditch near his house, which would serve as his grave and dug a tunnel too which would open in a room of his house. After doing this, he returned to the royal court. He said, “I am ready, but there are two conditions.” Akbar was so happy to hear this that he forgot that Birbal could put some odd conditions to him. He asked, “What are those conditions? Tell me soon. I will try to fulfill them so that you can go to heaven to be with my dear father.” Birbal said, “Your Majesty, I wish to be buried near my house. And I want to be buried alive so that I can reach heaven alive to amuse your dear father.” The King found this logical and agreed upon them immediately. So Birbal was buried alive near his house. Of course, he made his way to his house where he lived in hiding for six months.
112 Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur After six months, he came out of hiding with a grown beard and shabby hair and asked permission to appear in the royal court. Looking at him, Akbar cried, “Where have you been, Birbal?” Birbal said, “Your Majesty, I was in heaven with your dear father. I had a very good time there with your father. He was so happy with my services that he gave me special permission to return to earth.” Akbar was very anxious to know about his father, he asked, “Did he send any message for me?” Birbal said, “Yes, your Majesty, he said that very few barbers could make it to go to heaven, you can make out this from my grown beard and shabby hair. So he has asked to send your own barber to him immediately.” Akbar understood everything. He gave Birbal a big prize, and his barber the life sentence. GLOSSARY witty : funny and clever degrade : to treat someone poorly and without respect paradise : heaven humorous : funny, causing laughter amuse : to make someone laugh or smile sacrifice : the act of giving up something to help someone wicked : bad, morally bad favour : a kind or helpful act that you do for someone ditch : a long narrow hole grave : a hole in the ground for burying a dead body logical : sensible or reasonable shabby : in poor condition, untidy anxious : afraid or nervous especially about what may happen life sentence : the punishment of being sent to prison for the rest of your life
113 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 (1) Write the synonyms of the following words from the story. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Across Down 1 6 7 8 Fulfill Logical Shabby Favour 2 3 4 5 Jealous Amuse Anxious Certainly (2) Write the antonyms of the following words from the story. (a) forbid ................................ (b) hell ................................ (c) presence ................................ (d) remembered ................................ (e) rudely ................................ (f) upgrade ................................
114 Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur (3) Tick ( ) the right answers. (a) Who plotted a plan against Birbal? (i) King Akbar (ii) court barber (a) What was the only way to go to heaven? (i) birth (ii) death (a) Why did the king request Birbal to go to heaven? (i) to accompany his father (ii) to accompany his Queen (a) How long did Birbal stay in hiding? (i) six months (ii) six years (a) What is the suitable moral lesson of this story? (i) Jealousy shoots at others and wounds itself. (ii) An apple a day keeps the doctors away. (4) Arrange these events as they happen in the story. (a) Birbal appeared in the court and requested the King to send a barber to heaven immediately. (b) Birbal asks for a few days before going to heaven. (c) Birbal digs a ditch and tunnel near his house. (d) A court barber tells King Akbar about his dream. (e) Birbal requests King Akbar to bury him alive near his house. (f) King Akbar requests Birbal to go to heaven to give the company to his father.
115 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 (5) Make meaningful sentences using the following words. (a) degrade (b) paradise (c) wicked (d) amuse (e) shabby (6) Answer the following questions. (a) Why were all courtiers jealous of Birbal? ...................................................................................... (b) What did King Akbar’s father say to the barber in his dream? ...................................................................................... (c) Why did Birbal ask for few days before going to heaven? ...................................................................................... (d) Why was Birbal buried alive near his house? ...................................................................................... (e) How did Birbal escape himself from the wicked plan? ...................................................................................... (f) According to Birbal, what was king Akbar’s father’s message? ......................................................................................
116 Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Ways with Words A Suffixes z Read these sentences. (a) There was a lack of humorous men in heaven. (b) The court barber was sent to life sentence for his jealousy. The words humorous (humour + ous) and jealousy (jealous + y) have suffixes in them. A suffix is a word that comes after a base word. A suffix changes a word’s meaning and part of speech. Some common examples of suffixes are –less, -ness, -ing, etc. Study the following list. suffixes meaning examples – en made of woollen, wooden – er a person who does carpenter, teacher – ful full of colourful, wonderful – ist a person florist, chemist – less without colourless, penniless – ly in a certain way quickly, slowly – ment the state of enjoyment, excitement – ness state or condition laziness, carelessness – ous full of humorous, joyous – wise in the direction of clockwise, lengthwise Insert suitable suffixes to these words to make them meaningful. (a) …………. + ful = …………………. (full of care) (b) …………. + ment = ………. (the act of entertaining people) (c) …………. + ness = ………………. (the state of being happy) (d) …………. + ward = ………….…………. (towards home) (e) …………. + wise = …………………. (in the way of a clock)
117 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Grammar Builder Question Tags Read the following sentences. (a) Birbal was very wise and witty, wasn’t he? (b) Please go to heaven to give company to my dear father, will you? (c) King Akbar gave Birbal a big prize, didn’t he? The phrases in colour are question tags. We can change a sentence into a question by adding a question tag, usually at the end. We use them, not to ask for information but for confirmation of or agree to our statement. A positive statement takes a negative question tag, and a negative statement takes a positive question tag. (1) Choose the correct answer. (a) Rojan is a doctor, .........................................? (isn’t she, isn’t he) (b) She is at school, .........................................? (isn’t she, is she) (c) He has got a dog, .........................................? (hasn’t he, has he) (d) You were tired, .........................................? (weren’t you, aren’t you) (e) They visited Pokhara, .........................................? (did they, didn’t they)
118 Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur (f) Anu can’t come, .........................................? (can she, can’t she) (g) Jessica doesn’t like tea, .........................................? (does she, doesn’t she) (h) It is a warm day, .........................................? (isn’t it, wasn’t it) (i) They went to Jomsom last Chaitra, ............................? (did they, didn’t they) (j) Please open the door, .........................................? (will you, does she) (2) Fill in the blanks with suitable question tags. (a) Rikesh is sleeping, ..........................................? (b) Anju was tired, ..........................................? (c) He will come tomorrow, ..........................................? (d) They are players, ..........................................? (e) Anu and Meenu were dancing, ...................................?
119 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Language in Use Expressing Experiences Practise the following conversation with your friends. Teacher : Have you ever been to a zoo, Sandesh? Sandesh : Yes, ma’am. Teacher : What animals have you seen? Sandesh : I’ve seen a tiger and an elephant. Teacher : Have you seen a giraffe? Sandesh : No, ma’am. I have never seen a giraffe. Teacher : Do you have the experience of rowing on a boat at the zoo? Sandesh : Yes, ma’am. It was a wonderful experience. I really enjoyed it. TEASER Time Make any ten words with the word ‘ELEPHANT.’ ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... .........................................
120 Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Guided Writing Describing an Animal Read the given passage about ostriches. Ostriches Ostriches are very large and strong birds. In fact, they are the largest living bird. They live in Africa. They cannot fly, but they can run very fast. They are tall birds. They are about 8 feet tall. They weigh up to 135 kg. They have a long neck and long legs. They have large eyes. Their beak is broad. Ostriches can run as fast as a horse. They spread their wings while running. They can run at a speed of 72 km in an hour. Male ostriches are mostly black, with white feathers on the wings and tail. The females are mostly brown. An ostrich’s head and neck are lightly covered with short feathers. The legs are strong and do not have any feathers. Each leg ends in two toes. Ostriches depend on grasses and other plants. They sometimes eat insects, too. They can live without water for long periods of time. The eggs of ostriches are the largest eggs in the world. Ostrich chicks hatch from their eggs in about 40 days. Write a similar paragraph about any bird or animal of your choice.
121 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Listening Practice Listen to a poem and answer the questions that follow. (1) On the basis of the poem, write similar words of the following words. (a) speak ........................ (b) stone........................ (c) love ........................ (d) job ........................ (e) little ........................ (f) tumble ..................... (g) father ........................ (h) glum ........................ (i) close ........................ (j) listen........................ Speaking Practice Look at the pictures of the following birds and animals, and discuss them with your friends. Use describing words to describe them.
122 Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Pronunciation Practice Repeat the following words after your teacher. Do not pronounce the red letters. Silent H ache architect chaos character charisma chemical choir cholera chord choreography chorus Christian Christmas chrome echo ghost heir honest honour hour mechanic orchid rhyme rhythm school stomach technical technique technology rhyme Paste a picture of any bird or animal on a photocopy paper and write any five sentences describing it. Project Work
123 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Joy of Reading A folklore is an idea or story that are not true but that many people have heard or read it. Read the following folklore from Germany and solve the exercise that follows it. Rumpelstiltskin Once a poor miller had a clever, beautiful daughter. One day he boasted to the King that his daughter could spin straw into gold. Of course, this wasn’t true, but the King believed him. So he locked the miller’s daughter in a room full of straw and said that if she did not spin it all into gold by the next morning, he would chop off her head. The girl was sitting there weeping, not even trying to spin, when a voice said, “What will you give me if I do your job?” A strange little man was in the room. “My necklace,” said the girl. And the little man spun the straw into gold. The next day the King locked the girl into an even bigger room. Again the little man appeared. This time the girl gave him a ring in return for his work. On the third day, the King promised to marry the girl if she did the trick one last time. He locked her into a room as big as a barn. When the little man appeared, the girl had nothing to give. “In that case,” he said, when you are Queen your firstborn baby will be mine.” Secretly the girl thought “Never!”
124 Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur All the same, she let the little man do his magic spinning. The King was as good as his word, and they were married. A year later, the new Queen had her first baby. How horrified she was when the little man appeared. She offered him gold, but no, he would only have the baby. The Queen wept so hard that he took pity on her. He said that if she could guess his name in three nights, she could keep her baby. The first night she went through the whole alphabet: Aaron, Bartholomew, Christian... None of her guesses was right. The second night she tried funny-sounding names: Artitickle, Danielslovel, Gumdroopy... But again she was wrong each time. Then the Queen overheard a servant laughing about a strange little man he’d seen in the forest dancing and chanting to himself, “My name’s not Elgin, Merlin, Finn, or Larkin! My secret name is Rumpelstiltskin!” When the little man realised that the Queen knew what he was called, he flew into such a rage that smoke came out of his ears, and he hit his foot through the floor. In his effort to pull himself out, he split into two. And that was the end of him! (1) Write the words that give the following definitions. barn boast horrified miller overhear pity rage spin split weep (a) A person who works in or is in charge of a flour mill ................................... (b) A strong feeling of anger that is difficult to control ...................................
125 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 (c) A strong feeling of sadness or sympathy for someone or something .................................. (d) Break apart or into pieces .................................. (e) Shocked or felt horror .................................. (f) To cry because you are very sad or are feeling some other strong emotion .................................. (g) To express too much pride in yourself or in something you have or have done .............................. (h) To hear someone by accident .................................. (i) To turn or cause someone or something to turn around repeatedly .................................. (j) A building on a farm used for storing grain and hay and for housing farm animals or equipment ................................... (2) Answer the following questions. (a) According to the miller, what could his daughter do? (b) Why did the daughter of the miller give her necklace to the strange little man? (c) Why was the new Queen horrified when the little man appeared? Think and write. (d) In what condition could the new Queen keep her baby? (e) What was the name of the strange little man? How did the Queen know it? (f) How did Rumpelstiltskin die?
126 Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Unit: Six Content in this Unit: Reading Zoo Manners (poem) and A Wise Judgement (story) Ways with Words Compound Words Grammar in Use Pronouns Language in Use Expressing experiences Guided Writing Rules and regulations Listening Practice A Baboon and A Zebra Speaking Practice Rules and regulations Pronunciation Practice Silent /K/ Project Work Drawing a poster Joy of Reading Learning to Fly (non-fiction)
127 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Lesson 6.1 Zoo Manners Before You Begin (1) Here are pictures of some animals that you can see in a zoo. Say their names. (2) Discuss the following questions in a group. (a) Have you ever been to a zoo? (b) What animals can you see at the zoo? (c) What activities can you do at the zoo? (d) Should we follow any rules and regulations at the zoo? Why?
128 Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Reading Zoo Manners Be careful what You say or do When you visit the animals At the zoo. Don’t make fun Of the camel’s hump – He’s very proud Of his noble bump. Don’t laugh too much At the chimpanzee – He thinks he’s as wise As you or me. And the penguins Strutting round the lake Can understand remarks you make. Treat them as well As they do you And you’ll always be welcome At the zoo.
129 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 (1) Which words rhyme with the following words in the poem? Write. (a) do ..................... (b) hump ..................... (c) chimpanzee ................... (d) lake ..................... (e) you ..................... (2) Match the following words with their meanings. (a) hump what somebody says or writes, comments (b) noble walking in a confident and proud way (c) bump a lump on the back of an animal (d) strutting a small raised area on a surface (e) remarks impressive in size (3) Tick ( ) the activities that you can do at the zoo, and cross the ones you cannot do. (a) Be kind to the zoo animals (b) Click the photos of animals (c) Feed the animals (d) Keep yourself at a safe distance from animals (e) Make fun of animals (f) Play loud music (g) Tease the animals (h) Throw plastic bags here and there
130 Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Lesson B The Wise Judgement Before You Begin (1) In the following story, the following animals and items were sold at markets. Tell their name. (2) Discuss the following questions with your friends. (a) Have you ever attended a fair (Mela) or a Haat Bazaar? (b) What items can you buy at your local market? (c) Should you pay for the smell of any food item? (d) What will you do if someone tries to blame you without your mistake?
131 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Reading A Wise Judgement Long ago, farmers sold their goods at markets. They sold turkeys, ducks, chickens, eggs, and tarts. They had home-made cheeses and fresh vegetables. They even killed their own animals to sell at the market. Farmers would roast an animal beside the stall so that the aroma would attract customers. Then they would sell the hot meat, slice by slice. Once in a small village, a poor man with only a few coins wandered into a farmers’ market. All he could afford was a crusty slice of bread. As he was buying the bread, he noticed a fine big pig being roasted on a spit. He wished that he could taste the pig, but he only had two small coins left in his pocket. Then he had an idea. He held his bread over the roast, so the smoke from the pig touched the bread.
132 Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur While the man was enjoying the bread, the farmer who owned the roast saw him and got very angry. “You have got the taste of my pig from the smoke. You must pay me!” he said. The poor man was upset, and a row broke out. The villagers turned to look at the pair, then the mayor arrived to settle the dispute. Everybody waited. The mayor thought a while and then said to the poor man, “This is indeed a difficult case. Do you have any money?” “I have one penny left in my pocket,” said the man. “Take it and rattle it on the stone beside the pig,” said the mayor. “Make plenty of noise with it and then put it back in your pocket.” The poor man did as he was told. The mayor then turned to the farmer and said, “This poor man got the taste of your pig without touching it. In return, you have just heard the sound of his money without touching it!” GLOSSARY tart : an open pie with sweet filling such as fruit roast : to cook with dry heat over a fire stall : a small open counter wandered : moved around or went to different places without an aim afford : to be able to pay for something crusty : having a thick or crisp crust spit : a thin rod used for holding meat over a fire to cook it dispute : a disagreement or argument penny : a coin or a unit of money equal to a cent rattle : to hit against something frequently and make short and loud sound
133 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 (1) Match the following words with their synonyms. (a) aroma a lot (b) wander pay for (c) afford quarrel (d) row really (e) indeed roam (f) plenty smell (2) Write the antonyms of the following words. (a) sell ................................... (a) attract ................................... (a) angry ................................... (a) upset ................................... (a) arrive ................................... (a) difficult ................................... (3) Write whether the following statements are True or False. (a) The story took place in a city. (b) The poor man was greedy. (c) The poor man ate some bread and meat. (d) The mayor was fair. (e) The man paid for the bread. calm depart pleased purchase repel simple
134 Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur (4) The following words are taken from the story. Find them in the given puzzle. aroma bread dispute market pocket roast D J M P O C K E T I B A W R Z B N Q S J R O A S T V V P Q K A R O M A V U R E B R E A D M T N T D T V Y B M E X K Z D R D J P (5) Use the words given in question number (4) in your own sentences. (a) aroma ............................................................................ (b) bread ............................................................................ (c) dispute .......................................................................... (d) market ........................................................................... (e) pocket ........................................................................... (f) roast .............................................................................. (6) Answer the following questions. (a) What did farmers sell at markets? (b) Why didn’t the poor man eat the pig’s meat? (c) How did the farmer react to the man? (d) Did the mayor make a good decision? Why? (e) What did you learn from this story?
135 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Ways with Words A Compound Words z Study the following words. home-made mid-day penniless The above-given words are compound words. Compound words are formed by joining two or more simple words. Look at the examples of some other common words. birthday cell phone chopstick classmate electric light follow-up football hamburger hard drive high school living room loudspeaker madman midday moonlight seat belt self-service short-tempered sunrise sunshine sweet heart time-saving well-being well-known white board (1) Insert suitable words to form compound words. (a) air + ...................... (i) back + ...................... (b) book + ...................... (j) butter + ...................... (c) card + ...................... (k) day + ...................... (d) earth + ...................... (l) eye + ...................... (e) foot + ...................... (m) friend + ...................... (f) grand + ...................... (m) house + ...................... (g) key + ...................... (o) life + ...................... (h) some + ...................... (p) star + ......................
136 Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Subject and Object Pronouns Grammar Builder Study the following sentences. (a) Long ago, farmers sold their goods at markets. They sold turkeys, ducks, chickens, eggs, and tarts. (b) Once in a small village, a poor man with only a few coins wandered into a farmers’ market. All he could afford was a crusty slice of bread. (c) While the man was enjoying the bread, the farmer who owned the roast saw him and got very angry. In the above-given sentences, we have used they in place of farmers, he in place of a poor man, and him in place of the man. Those words which are used instead of nouns are pronouns. (1) Write the correct subject pronoun. (a) Mr Sharma ............. (e) Paul and Aanchal ............. (b) Resham ............. (f) Sandhya ............. (c) the cat ............. (g) the flowers ............. (d) the table ............. (h) you and I ............. (2) Underline the correct pronouns. (a) Are these cakes for us / we? (b) Where is Salony? She / Her is at school. (c) The teacher always gives they / them homework.
137 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 (d) Please listen to she / her. (e) I / Me like ice cream. (f) This CD is for he / him. (g) I often go to lunch with her / she. (h) Binod always helps me / I. Reflexive pronouns Read the following sentences. (a) I burned myself with the oven. (b) Be careful! That knife is sharp. Don’t cut yourself. (c) They never share with other people. They only think about themselves. (d) Rikesh got out of the pool and dried himself with a towel. (e) Muna fell off the bicycle, but she didn’t hurt herself. (f) I would like to know more about you. Tell me about yourself. (g) Goodbye! Have a good trip and enjoy yourselves. (h) She lives by herself in a small townhouse. (i) We should always behave ourselves at other’s house. (j) The old house fell itself after the storm. Subject Pronoun Reflective Pronoun I myself you yourself he himself she herself it itself we ourselves you yourselves they themselves
138 Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur (1) Fill in the blanks with suitable reflexive pronouns. (a) I folded all my clothes by ................................... . (b) We treated ......................... to supper at a restaurant. (c) Bishesh and Nira looked at ...................... in the video. (d) Puja and you walked home by ................................... . (e) Jenish finished the assignment by ............................. . (f) Give me the form. I will complete it ........................... . (g) Nisha played the role by ................................... . (h) Suraj and I cleaned the kitchen by ............................ . (i) You ate the whole cake ...................................! (j) The cat washed ................................... .
139 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Language in Use Expressing Likes and Dislikes Practise the following conversation with your friends. Meenu : Hello, Anu. Would you like to go to a film today? Anu : Oh, no thanks, I don’t really feel like watching a film today. How about going out? Meenu : Okay. Do you feel like going to the park? Anu : Oh, no. I hate it. Do you like eating at the new Newari restaurant? Meenu : I don’t mind. Newari cuisine is alright. Anu : Well, I really love it. Let’s go. TEASER Time Write the missing letters to create two real words. 1 app le ader 5 pictu play 9 re ore 2 goril mp 6 cam ephant 10 pota ast 3 cat urch 7 ho at 11 theat spect 4 lun imney 8 plea ven 12 gramm tificial
140 Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Guided Writing Rules and Regulations We all have to follow different rules and regulations in various public places. Different public places have different rules and regulations. We have to follow them to keep ourselves safe. Rules and Regulations of a Zoo (a) The zoo remains open from 10 am to 5 pm from Sunday to Saturday. (b) Visitors should buy a ticket before entering the zoo. (c) They mustn’t pluck flowers and small plants. (d) They have to throw litter in a dustbin. (e) They cannot spit here and there. (f) They need to visit the zoo without disturbing others. (g) They shouldn’t make noise inside the zoo. Prepare a set of any five rules and regulations that should be followed in a temple and a classroom. ........................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................
141 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Listening Practice You are going to listen to the story of a baboon and a zebra. Read the questions below before you listen to the recording. Listen to the recording and do the activities that follow. (1) Choose the right answers. (a) A baboon is a (small/large) Asian monkey. (b) The baboon (was/wasn’t) selfish. (c) During those days, the zebra had (black/white) fur without stripes. (d) The (zebra/baboon) burned his bottom during the fight. (a) This story (is/is not) real. (2) Write whether the following statements are True or False. (a) The baboon allowed other animals to drink water from the waterhole. (b) The baboon guarded the waterhole even at night. (c) The zebra had stripes even during those days. (d) Both the zebra and the baboon fell into the baboon’s fire. (e) The baboon has red bottom these days.
142 Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Speaking Practice What public places can you see in the given pictures? What rules and regulations should we follow there? Discuss among your friends. Pronunciation Practice Repeat the following words after your teacher. Do not pronounce the red letters. Silent K knack knave knead knee kneel knew knife knight knit knob knock knot know knowledge knuckle Draw a poster requesting common people to throw plastics in a dustbin to be pasted on the wall of the zoo. Project Work
143 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Joy of Reading Read the following passage and solve the exercise that follows it. Learning to Fly People have always wanted to fly. The Chinese began flying kites more than 2,000 years ago. They flew them for fun and to check on t h e weather, but people could not fly in a kite. Later, the inventors of Europe worked on the problem of flying. The most amazing inventor of the time was Leonardo da Vinci. In the 1480s, this Italian artist drew birds in flight. He studied how their wings and tails worked. Then he drew a flying machine that looked a lot like a helicopter. In 1783, the Montgolfier brothers of France invented hot air balloons. They attached a big bag made of silk to a basket. When they filled the bag with hot air, it floated up. The first balloon passengers were animals. Their balloon travelled for a mile and went up 6,000 feet. Later that year, two men flew in the balloon. Balloons don’t really fly though; they float. Sir George Cayley was the next to make progress in flight. In the early 1800s, this
144 Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Englishman began making gliders. The wings of his gliders did not move, but their shape made it possible to fly. For 50 years, Cayley tried different wing designs and added tails to help steer. In 1853, he put one of his servants in a glider. This young man was the first person to fly, but no one knows his name. Otto Lilienthal took up where Cayley left off. This German engineer also studied birds and how they fly. He was the first to design a glider that could hold a person and fly long distances. Lilienthal made more than 2,500 flights in gliders. He steered by moving his body and legs. His book explaining what he had learned about flight came out in 1891. Two brothers from Ohio bought a copy of that book. George and Orville Wright designed a plane based on what they learned from it. They added a small motor to a glider and did many tests. Their
145 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 first successful flight took place in North Carolina in 1903. The Wright brothers invented the airplane, but they couldn’t have done it alone. (1) Name the following figures. (2) Answer the following questions. (a) Why did the Chinese fly kites? ...................................................................................... (b) Besides being an inventor, what identity does Leonardo da Vinci have? ...................................................................................... (c) How did Sir George Cayley contribute in designing flying machines? ...................................................................................... (d) What type of glider did Otto Lilienthal design? ...................................................................................... (e) When did the first successful human flight take place? Who did it? ......................................................................................
146 Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Unit: Seven Content in this Unit: Reading Mother (poem) and the Quarrel (story) Ways with Words Singular and Plural Nouns Grammar in Use Subject-verb Agreement Language in Use Expressing Likes and Dislikes Guided Writing Story Writing Listening Practice Chewing Gum Speaking Practice Talking about Quarrel Pronunciation Practice Silent /L/ Project Work Writing a Story Joy of Reading The Fisherman and His Wife (story)
147 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Lesson 7.1 Mother Before You Begin (1) The following pictures show the role of mothers in one’s life. Look at the pictures and discuss them with your friends. (2) Discuss the following questions in groups. (a) Who gives birth to us? (b) Who cooks food for us and make us ready for school? (c) Who does so many things for our upbringing and happiness? (d) What is the role of a mother in a child’s life? Link: Mother is a female parent of a child. More than that, she is his or her first teacher. There is a great importance of a mother in a child’s upbringing and happiness. Read the poem and find out how the mother of the poet helps and inspires her.
148 Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Reading Mother Angels don’t always wear white And don’t have a glowing light. There is one in my life too She remains beside me all through. She always guides my way Like sunshine she lights my day She is like a friend to me Even when I’m sad or grumpy. She helps me with my studies And plays with me like my buddies. She makes me yummy dishes. And gives me hugs and kisses. Like an angel you are always there It’s a special bond that we both share. Thank you for everything you do Mom, I will always love you.
149 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 (1) Write the rhyming words of the following words from the poem. (a) white ..................... (e) too ..................... (b) way ..................... (f) me ..................... (c) studies ..................... (g) dishes ..................... (d) there ..................... (h) do ..................... (2) Insert suitable words to the following definitions. angel bond buddy grumpy yummy (a) ....................................... a close friend (b) ........................................ a spiritual being that serves especially as a messenger from God or as a guardian of human beings (c) ....................................... easily annoyed or angered (d) ................................. feeling shared between people with a connection between them (e) ............................ very pleasing to the taste: delicious (3) Answer the following questions. (a) According to the poet, who is the angel in her life? ....................................................................................... (b) How does the writer’s mother play with her? .......................................................................................
150 Allied English for Everyone Grade 4 Approved by CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur (c) What does the writer’s mother make and give to the writer? ....................................................................................... (d) What type of connection do they share? ....................................................................................... (e) Do you also like your mother like the poet? Why? ....................................................................................... (f) Make a list of any three activities you can do to make your mother or parents happy. ....................................................................................... (4) Write a similar poem on father. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________