AnnotatedBibliography

Frahm, Mobley 1

Annotated Bibliography

Primary:

"Gangster Al Capone Charged on Income Tax Violations." ​Crime and Punishment: Essential Primary
​ Sources. Ed. K. Lee Lerner and Brenda Wilmoth Lerner. Detroit: Gale, 2006. 15-16. ​Gale
Virtual Referenc​ e Library. 14 Oct. 1931.
<​https://login.proxy.lib.uni.edu/login?url=http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=GVRL&sw=w&u=u
ni_rodit&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CCX2588900019&asid=c606ea91010f59c250fddb6ef12492
5d​> 2 Dec. 2016.

This article helped show us the significance Al Capone had in Chicago, and how the people
viewed him. We found this information helpful when writing our process paper, and also referred
back to it while creating the tax evasion section of our website.

Helvering, Guy T. “A Narrative Briefly Descriptive Of the Period 1919 to 1936 .” Intelligence
Unit Bureau of Internal Revenue Treasury Department, 11 Oct. 1943.
<h​ ttps://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-utl/file-5-intelligence-unit-narrative-of-period-1919-1936-by-guy-h

e
Vering.pdf> 20 Dec. 2016.

Guy T. Helvering provides us an overview of Al Capone during the 1920’s and 1930’s. It did a
nice job describing why he committed his crimes, and gave us details about his business in
Chicago. We used this website to get the gist of Al Capone’s life while he was a gangster, and to
further explain his mob life.

Herrick, Ralph, and Al Capone. “Interview of Al C​ apone.” A​ l Capone Trail, University of
Missouri, 17 Apr. 1931. <law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/capone/caponeinterview.htm> 20
Dec. 2016.

In this transcript of an interview with Al Capone, revenue agent Ralph Herrick questions Capone
about his income. Capone agrees to answer all of the questions honestly without admitting to any
criminal action. This helped us get a glimpse of his income history, and get a view of the
suspicions the IRS had about Al Capone’s income.

“Letter in Response to Al Capone.” Treasury Department of Internal Revenue Service, 8 July 1931.
<​https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-utl/file-1-letter-dated-07081931-in-re-alphonse-capone.pdf​>
20 Dec. 2016

A letter by three Internal Revenue Agents includes information about Al Capone’s plans to follow
through with his schemes. In this letter, they state how Al Capone had many ways of running his
business, and how he used people to cover his traces. By reading this letter it allowed us to have a
better understanding of the techniques he used to organize his income.

"St. Valentine's Day Massacre." ​Crime and P​ unishment: Essential Primary Sources. Ed. K. Lee Lerner
And Brenda Wilmoth Lerner. Detroit: Gale, 2006. 1​ 06-108. ​Gale Virtual Reference Library. 14

Frahm, Mobley 2

Feb. 1929.
<h​ ttps://login.proxy.lib.uni.edu/login?url=http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=GVRL&sw=w&u=u
i_rodit&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CCX2588900055&asid=7678189d65afeeb211f5abad096679
9​> 2 Dec. 2016.

The St. Valentine’s Day Massacre became more understandable after reading the article. It gave
us more detailed information of what we already knew about the event, and helped create a
clearer picture in our minds. This was used on our website for a better description of the event
that happen in the garage, and how Al Capone was tied into it.

"The Gangster as Tragic Hero." American Decades Primary Sources. Warshow, Robert. Ed. Cynthia
Rose.

Vol. 5: 1940-1949. Detroit: Gale, 2004. 43-45. Gale Virtual Reference Library. 1948.
<​https://login.proxy.lib.uni.edu/login?url=http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=GVRL&sw
w&u=uni_rodit&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CCX3490200847&asid=d71819305f7b2a0b632
Ad4ad223ceb3> 2 Dec. 2016.

“The Gangster as a Tragic Hero” gave a description of Al Capone’s lifestyle, and what he did as
a gangster on his day-to-day life. We used this to get an idea of Al Capone’s personality, and
what
kind of attitude he had towards Chicago.

​ "U.S. v. Alphonse Capone." ​American Decades Primary Sources. U.S. District of Northern Illinois,
Eastern Division, Ed. Cynthia Rose. Vol. 4: 1930-1939.
​ Detroit: Gale, 2004. 339-341. G​ ale Virtual Reference Library. 17 Oct. 1931.
<h​ ttps://login.proxy.lib.uni.edu/login?url=http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=GVRL&sw=w&u=u
i_rodit&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CCX3490200718&asid=d24c4c6c6110f321c0bf68d227c253
> 2 Dec. 2016.

This site helped us get an understanding of Al Capone’s early life. It included a very interesting
story of how Al Capone came to be a gangster, and what influenced him to take on the position.
Information like this was extremely helpful in the beginning of our website.

Wilson, Frank J. “FJW-LD.” Received by Mr. Irey, ​IRS, Treasury Department of Internal Revenue
Service, 18 Apr. 2012.
<​www.irs.gov/pub/irs-utl/file-3-letter-dated-03271931-to-chief-irey-from-sa-wilson.pdf​>
20 Dec. 2016.

Frank Wilson, an agent that worked for the IRS, wrote this letter to inform his chief about the
Capone investigation. We are very lucky that we were able to find a pdf of this letter, as it was
greatly helpful, and gave us an insiders look on the IRS’s plans to incriminate Al Capone of tax
evasion, and gave us background information we could use when editing our website.

Wilson, Frank J. “FJW-MD.” Received by Chief Irey, Intelligence Unit, Bureau of Internal
Revenue, 8 Apr. 1931, Chicago, Illinois.
<​https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-utl/file-4-letter-dated-04081931-to-chief-irey-from-sa-wilson.pdf​>
20 Dec. 2016.

Frahm, Mobley 3

A message from Frank Wilson states that there was a meeting held to go over all the clues and
records towards Al Capone. In the meeting they talk about many events Capone contributed to
and how they all tied back to him. This source showed us the IRS’s perspective and the stages
they took for the investigation of Al Capone.

Secondary:

“Al Capone.” ​Chicago History Museum, 24 June 2016.
<h​ ttp://web.archive.org/web/20160624081618/http://www.chicagohistory.org/history/capone.ht
l>​ 11 Nov. 2016.

We first started researching about Al Capone at the Chicago History Museum. Their website
gave us a basic timeline of his life, and went over everything from his childhood to his death.
We found this very informative, and used it to incorporate some ideas into our entry.

"Alcohol and Al Capone." Alcohol and Al Capone. Virginia Edu, n.d. 06 Feb. 2015.
<h​ ttp://xroads.virginia.edu/~HYPER/ALLEN/ch10.html>​ 7 Jan. 2017.

This website provided us with an extremely detailed list of Al Capone’s crimes and businesses
was included throughout the website, and it gave us an idea of just how wealthy Al Capone really
was. We had a very good view on this aspect of his life after reading this website.

"Crime 1920-1940." H​ istoric Events for Students: The Great Depression. Ed. Richard C. Hanes and
Sharon M. Hanes. Vol. 1. Detroit: Gale, 2002. 123-145. ​Gale Virtual Reference Library.
<h​ ttps://login.proxy.lib.uni.edu/login?url=http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=GVRL&sw=w&u=u
i_rodit&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CCX3424800018&asid=b4cd9af8da028564e66d68b4bbb89d
8​> 2 Dec. 2016.

The authors of this website provided us with an overview of Al Capone’s crimes and how he went
through with them. This helped us have an idea on why Al Capone was labeled “Public
Enemy Number One” in Chicago. In the first part of our entry use this information to deeply
explain the details of Al Capone’s crime life.

Eig, Jonathan. “The St. Valentine’s Day Massacre and Al Capone—Excerpt from Get Capone.”
Chicago Magazine, 10 Apr. 2014.
<w​ ww.chicagomag.com/Chicago-Magazine/May-2010/Get-Capone-St-Valentines-Day-Mass
cre-Jonathan-Eig/> 11 Nov. 2016.

Jonathan Eig, a professional Al Capone researcher, provided an deep explanation of what
exactly happened in the St. Valentine’s Day Massacre. We were able to get a clearer picture of
the
event, and created a section about these situations. When using this information for our website,
we found this was one of best sources on the event.

Hales, Taylor, and Nikolas Kazmers. “Al Capone - Background Information.” ​Al Capone - Background
Information, University of Michigan, 2002.
<​www.umich.edu/~eng217/student_projects/nkazmers/capone1.html​> 11 Nov. 2016.

Frahm, Mobley 4

This website was where we began looking into the Saint Valentine’s Day Massacre. It gave us the
basic story, what happened, and who was involved. This source gave us enough background
information so we were able to understand the massacre a little bit better.

Kobler, John. “Snorky.” ​Capone: The Life and World of Al Capone, Putnam, New York, 1971, pp.
13–18.

The first chapter of this book by John Kobler provided us with incredibly detailed information. It
helped us create captions for our pictures, and created a clear view of Al Capone when he was
new to the gangster life. We also distributed some of these facts into the first half of our website.

“People & Events: Al Capone.” ​PBS, IPTV, 2000.
<​www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/miami/peopleevents/pande01.html​> 20 Dec. 2016.

PBS provided us with a page that contained a biography about Al Capone’s life. This helped us
understand more about his crime, provided us with specific facts about his tax evasion, and listed
several events that followed his arrest.

“The Life and Crimes of Al Capone, Iconic American Gangster.” ​About.com Education, 29 Feb. 2016.
<h​ ttp://history1900s.about.com/od/people/a/Al-Capone.htm​> 12 Nov. 2016.

The first section of this website gave us a descriptive biography about Al Capone, which
contained some of information that first educated us about him. The second section focused on
the Saint Valentine’s Day Massacre, which we used in a separate part of our entry.

"The Saint Valentine's Day Massacre." ​American Decades. Ed. Judith S. Baughman, Vol. 3:
1920-1929. Detroit: Gale, 2001. ​Gale Virtual Reference Library.
<​https://login.proxy.lib.uni.edu/login?url=http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=GVRL&sw=w&u=u
i_rdit&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CCX3468300863&asid=2b422082814d8b3e1c1ad8331b9e0e6
9​> 2 Dec. 2016.

While researching at the UNI Library, we came across this very informative resource about the
St.

Valentine’s Day Massacre. We used this website to go through and get valuable information that
we used later on to describe why this was such a big scene. The information we gathered from
this website was extremely useful, and helped us tell the story of this event.

United States Department of Justice. “Al Capone.” ​FBI, FBI, 20 July 2016.
<w​ ww.fbi.gov/history/famous-cases/al-capon​e> 20 Dec. 2016.

We found this website from the FBI extremely reliable, as it was written by part of the
government. It equipped us with many valuable facts; another part of the website included
pictures the FBI took while investigating Al Capone, which were very unique to look at. A lot of
this research assisted us in the website we created.

Frahm, Mobley 5

Photo Citations

Primary:

“1920's Chicago.” ​Al Capone, Gangsters, the 20’s, Chicago, 1920.
<​https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/c5/56/dd/c556ddc03276329f817a134077eb5fb
.pg​ > 21 Dec. 2016.

“Al Capone as a Teen.” C​ hicago and American Gangsters, Chicago.
<​https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/236x/d3/08/cb/d308cb7460c950f5fb8771d753aa4d20.jp
> 31 Jan. 2017.

Al Capone Downfall. Ken Burns, 26 July 2012. <​https://youtu.be/axd6KWtytr8​> 21 Dec. 2016.

“Al Capone.” ​Organized Crime 1899-1947, Biography.com.
<h​ ttp://cp91279.biography.com/1000509261001/1000509261001_1904660285001_History-Wee

d
-Al-Capone-SF.jpg​> 21 Dec. 2016.

“Al Capone in the 1940's.” C​ rime Boss Al Capone Rare Photos, Old Picz, Miami Beach.
<h​ ttp://www.oldpicz.com/picz/2016/03/Crime-boss-Al-Capone-rare-photos-6.jpg​> 31 Jan. 2017.

“Al Capone's Scars.” A​ Smile and A Gun, Chicago, 1920
<h​ ttps://smileandgun.files.wordpress.com/2015/04/al-capone-scar-face-looking-kinda-pissed.jpg​>
20 Dec. 2016.

“Al Capone with His Family.” A​ l Capone's Descent into Dementia, Daily Mail, Miami Beach, 31 May
2013.
<h​ ttp://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2013/06/01/article-2334249-1A1685A9000005DC-715_634x428.jp
g​> 16 Dec. 2016.

“Capone and His Gang.” ​1920's Character Sites, Chicago, 1920.
<​http://cdn3.denofgeek.us/sites/denofgeekus/files/styles/insert_main_wide_image/public/al-capon
_03.jpg?itok=OsQYL-1T>​ 16 Dec. 2016.

“Capone.” ​IRS Audits Its Collection of Al Capone Guns, Wall Street Journal, Chicago, 16 Oct. 2016.
<​https://si.wsj.net/public/resources/images/BN-QG748_CAPONE_P_20161014180647.jpg​> 31
Jan. 2017.

Chicago Police. “1931 Mugshots.” ​Al Capone and Prohibition, HISTORY.com, Chicago, 1931.
<h​ ttp://cdn.history.com/sites/2/2014/01/capone-mug-shot-E.jpeg​> 12 Jan. 2017.

Chicago, Tribune. “Notorious Chicago.” ​St. Valentine's Day Massacre, Chicagology, 15 Feb. 1929.
<h​ ttps://chicagology.com/wp-content/themes/revolution-20/chicagoimages3/stvalentinebodies.jp
> 1 Feb. 2017.

Frahm, Mobley 6

“Deirdre Marie and Uncle Al.” D​ eirdre Marie Capone, The Untold Story from Inside His Family,
Chicago. <h​ ttp://www.unclealcapone.com/images/photo-al-deirdre1945.jpg​> 31 Dec. 2016.

FBI. “‘Scarface’ at the Chicago Detective Bureau.” ​Al Capone in 1930, Chicago, 18 Sept. 2014.
<h​ ttps://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/Al_Capone_in_1930.jpg​> 31 Jan. 2017.

Gomes, Mario. “Garage Site.” ​St. Valentine's Day Massacre: My Al Capone Inspiration, The Mob
Museum, Chicago, 7 Feb. 2014.
<h​ ttp://themobmuseum.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/2-7-14-Knight_SMC-Garage.jpg​> 31
Jan. 2017.

Lilly, Christiana. “10 Most Notorious Crime Lords.” ​The Huffington Post, Pinterest, Chicago, 22 July
2012.
<h​ ttps://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/07/8e/ae/078eae1517c425e0160e59708fff620f.j
g>​ 1 Feb. 2017.

Shapira, J. A. “Al Capone- Gentleman of Style?” ​Al Capone- His Style, Suits, & Life, Gentleman's
Gazette, 27 Apr. 2015
<​https://smhttp-ssl-39255.nexcesscdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/Capone-with-dark-suit-an
d-spectators.jpg>​ 31 Jan. 2017.

Tidey, Will. “Golfing Gangsters.” ​Al Capone's Chicago Outfit Would Have Loved the Ryder Cup, CNN,
27 Sept. 2012.
<h​ ttp://i2.cdn.cnn.com/cnnnext/dam/assets/120921071131-al-capone-golf-ryder-cup-horizontal-la
ge-gallery.jpg>​ 14 Jan. 2017.

Secondary:

“Al Capone.” CSPAN, 21 Dec. 2016. Web.
<https://archive.org/details/CSPAN2_20161221_062400_Al_Capone/start/292.6/end/308> 19 Feb. 2017.

Browne, Howard, “The St. Valentine's Day Massacre.” Directed by Roger Corman, 1967.
<h​ ttps://youtu.be/BJ-gYx7hXZg?t>​ 10 Jan. 2017.

Chicago Tribune. “1929 Reenactment.” The St. Valentine’s Day Massacre, History Roll, Chicago, 14
Feb.

2013. <​http://historyroll.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/72811405.jpg​> 20 Dec. 2016.