48 48
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50 APPENDIX 3: MEDICATION ASSESSMENT TOOLS APPENDIX 8 FORM TO BE FILLED BY THE PHARMACIST UPON PATIENT ADMISSION Pharmacist Sign & Stamp: _________________________________ Time / Date: ________________________ Original : To be kept in patient’s folder Duplicate : To be kept by Pharmacy Pin. 1/10 MEDICATION HISTORY ASSESSMENT FORM PHARMACY DEPARTMENT,HOSPITAL……………………………………………………………………. CP 1
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52 52
53 MEDICATION APPROPRIATENESS INDEX (MAI) CHECKLIST 1 Is there an indication for the drug? 2 Is the medication effective for the condition? 3 Is the dosage correct? 4 Are the directions correct? 5 Are the directions practical? 6 Are there clinically significant drug-drug interactions? 7 Are there clinically significant drug-disease interactions? 8 Is there unnecessary duplication with other drugs? 9 Is the duration of therapy acceptable? 10 Is this drug the least expensive alternative compared to others of equal utility?
54 APPENDIX 4: EXAMPLES OF CLINICAL AUDIT TOOLS APPENDIX 4: EXAMPLES OF CLINICAL AUDIT TOOLS
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56 56REFERENCES Introduction Abu Bakar N. Guidelines on Implementation: Incident Reporting & Learning System 2.0 for Ministry of Health Malaysia Hospitals. Patient Safety Unit, Medical Care Quality Section, Medical Development Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia 2017 Preventing Falls in Hospitals: A Toolkit for Improving Quality of Care. Agency for Healthcare Research & Quality, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, January 2013 Cameron ID, Murray GR, Gillespie LD, et al. Interventions for preventing falls in older people in nursing care facilities and hospitals. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2010, Issue 1 Currie L. Fall and Injury Prevention. In: Hughes RG, editor. Patient Safety and Quality: An Evidence-Based Handbook for Nurses. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2008 Apr, Chapter 10. Oliver D, Healey F, Haines TP. Preventing falls and fall-related injuries in hospitals. Clinical Geriatric Medicine 2010; 26(4):645-92 Lee FS, Sararaks S, Yau WK, et al. Statistical Report: Falls In Older Inpatients In MOH Hospitals. A Project Under The 9th Malaysia Plan For Improving Patient Safety. QA Report: Falls In Hospital Kuala Lumpur, 2011 Falls Intervention Team and Components Preventing Falls in Hospitals: A Toolkit for Improving Quality of Care. Agency for Healthcare Research & Quality, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, January 2013 Weiner BJ, Shortell SM, Alexander J. Promoting clinical involvement in hospital quality improvement efforts: the effects of top management, board, and physician leadership. Health Service Res 1997; 32(4):491-510 Leape, L. Testimony, United States Congress, United States Senate Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services and Education, January 25, 2000 Screening Morse JM, Black C, Oberle K, et al. A prospective study to identify the fall-prone patient. Social Science and Medicine 1989; 28(1):81-6
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60 Willeboordse F, Hugtenburg JG, Van Dijk L, Bosmans JE, De Vries OJ, Schellevis FG, Elders PJM. Opti-Med: the effectiveness of optimised clinical medication reviews in older people with “geriatric giants” in general practice; study protocol of a cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Geriatrics 2014, 14, 116 Training Preventing Falls in Hospitals: A Toolkit for Improving Quality of Care. Agency for Healthcare Research & Quality, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, January 2013 Audit Kamar J. Clinical Audit to Support Quality Improvement Seminar. Monash University, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine: The Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, 2016 National Safety and Quality Health Service Standards. Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care, September 2012 Feil M. Falls prevention: Pennsylvania hospitals implementing best practices. Pa Patient Saf Advis 2013 Dec; 10(4):117-24 National Audit of Inpatient Falls: Audit Report. Royal College of Physicians London, 2015