CRC ® -77tHR Manual - 9250-0153 Rev E

CAPINTEC, INC. CRC®-77tHR

• Make sure that paper is in the paper path.
• Run the Diagnostic Test and make sure that the system expects to have a printer.

If not, Make sure that the Printer Menu Setup is correct. Reference CHAPTER 5:
SYSTEM INITIALIZATION, SECTION: PRINTING.

RELATED PRODUCTS
The following products are available from Capintec. Call Capintec’s only Authorized Service
Center at (800) ASK-4CRC for answers to your questions or to place an order.

• Calicheck Linearity Test Kit ..........................................................5120-2144
• Ionization Chamber Well Inserts (liners).......................................7300-2004
• Plastic Sample Holders (dippers) .................................................7300-2005
• Syringe Dipper Adaptor (to 1cc) ...................................................7310-1109
• Environmental Shield ...................................................................7300-2450
• CAP-Lift remote lowering/raising of syringes or vials...................5130-30251
• Fuse: T 2 Amp. 250 Volts. (Readout Unit) 2 Req........................2110-0083
• 3V Lithium Coin Battery (CR2032) ...............................................0500-0039
• English translation of Owner’s Manual .........................................9250-0153
• Spanish translation of Owner’s Manual ........................................9250-0156

Note: Circuit diagrams, component parts lists, descriptions and calibration instructions are
available to appropriately qualified personnel.

August 16 CLEANING AND MAINTENANCE 15-15

CAPINTEC, INC. CRC®-77tHR

SHIPPING
If for any reason the CRC®-77tHR must be returned to Capintec, the shipping carton must
contain the following or equivalent labeling as shown in Figure 15-11 and Figure 15-12. Label

stipulating the maximum environmental conditions for safe storage and shipment.

RANGEZ L'APPAREIL DANS UN ENDROIT DONT LA TEMPÉRATURE
VARIE ENTRE +4 °C (+39 °F) ET +43 °C (+110 °F)

RANGEZ L'APPAREIL DANS UN ENDROIT DONT L'HUMIDITÉ EST
INFÉRIEURE À 90 % SANS CONDENSATION ET DONT
LA PRESSION BAROMÉTRIQUE SE SITUE ENTRE
15 ET 33 PO DE MERCURE (ENTRE 51 ET 112 kPa)
ÉVITEZ TOUT CHOC THERMIQUE ET MÉCANIQUE

LAISSEZ RÉCHAUFFER À TEMPÉRATURE AMBIANTE PENDANT UNE PÉRIODE DE
24 HEURES AVANT DE DÉSEMBALLER ET DE METTRE L'APPAREIL EN MARCHE

Figure 15-11

15-16 CLEANING AND MAINTENANCE August 16

CAPINTEC, INC. CRC®-77tHR

Figure 15-12

August 16 CLEANING AND MAINTENANCE 15-17

CAPINTEC, INC. CRC®-77tHR

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CAPINTEC, INC. CRC®-77tHR

APPENDIX I

PRINCIPLE OF THE CALIBRATOR

GENERAL ....................................................................................................... I-1
DEFINITION OF ACTIVITY ............................................................................. I-1

Activity ........................................................................................................ I-1
Types of Transformations ......................................................................... I-2
MEASUREMENT OF ACTIVITY...................................................................... I-3
-Particle Radiation.................................................................................... I-3
+ Radiation ................................................................................................ I-3
- Radiation ................................................................................................. I-3
Electron Capture ........................................................................................ I-4
Photon Radiation........................................................................................ I-4
PHOTONS....................................................................................................... I-4
-Rays.......................................................................................................... I-4
X-Rays......................................................................................................... I-4
Bremsstrahlung.......................................................................................... I-5
Interactions of Photons with Matter.......................................................... I-5
IONIZATION CHAMBER MEASURING PROCESS ........................................ I-6
POSSIBLE SOURCES OF ERROR ........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
Effects of the Integral Shield ..................................................................... I-6
Effects of the Container ............................................................................. I-7
Effects of Impurities ................................................................................... I-7

GENERAL

The definition of activity, the basic principle of the calibrator, and the detailed discussion on
the calibration are presented in this section.

DEFINITION OF ACTIVITY
Activity
Activity is defined as:

The activity, A, of a quantity of a radioactive nuclide is the quotient of dN by dt, where dN is
the number of spontaneous nuclear transformations which occur in this quantity in time
interval dt.

A  dN
dt

May 17 APPENDIX I – PRINCIPLE OF THE CALIBRATOR I-1

CAPINTEC, INC. CRC®-77tHR

The special unit of activity is Curie (Ci):

1 Ci = 3.7 x 1010 s-1 (exactly)
Note: The term nuclear transformation is meant to designate a change of nuclide of an

isomeric transition. (ICRU REPORT 19, 1971)

The SI (International System of Units) unit for activity is the reciprocal second, s-1, and is
named the Becquerel (Bq), i.e.

1 Bq = 1 Nuclear Transformation per second

1 Ci = 3.7 x 1010 Bq

Types of Transformations

-decay
The nucleus emits a helium nucleus (-particle).

Electron Capture (-decay)
The nucleus captures one of its own orbital electrons, usually from the K shell, and a
neutrino is emitted.

- Decay
The nucleus emits an electron (- particle), and a neutrino.

+ decay
The nucleus emits a positron (+ particle) and a neutrino.

Nuclear Transition
A photon (electromagnetic radiation, -decay), electron (Internal Conversion Electron
Emission, CE) or electron-positron pair (Internal-pair emission, e±) is emitted by a
nucleus in a transition from a higher to lower energy state.

No nuclear transformation occurs if there is no change in the atomic number or the
mass number. The de-excitation of a nucleus in its unstable state (metastable state)
is, however, included in the definition of activity.

I-2 APPENDIX I – PRINCIPLE OF THE CALIBRATOR May 17