SCIENCE FORM 2 CHAPTER 1 : BIODIVERSITY 1.2 Classification of Organisms
Without legs Without segmented body Classification of Animals Can be classified as invertebrates and vertebrates Invertebrates Animals without a backbone Sponge Sea anemone Corals Planaria Snail With segmented body Tapeworm Earthworm Leech
have segmented bodies have hard outer shells (exoskeleton). Three pairs of legs: Ant, Butterfly, Cockroach More than three pairs of legs: Spider, Horseshoe crab, Prawn, Centipede, Scorpion Invertebrates With Legs Characteristics: 1. 2.
Poikilothermic covered in hard and slimy scales have fins and a tail breathe through gills lay eggs undergo external fertilisation. poikilothermic live on land and in water covered with moist skin Young amphibians breathe through gills adult amphibians breathe using their lungs and moist skin produce jellylike eggs (spawn) without a shell undergo external fertilisation Vertebrates Vertebrates are animals with a backbone. Vertebrates: Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, Mammals Fish Characteristics: Examples of Fish: Clownfish, Grouper, Eel Amphibians Characteristics:
Poikilothermic produce eggs with a shell Breathe through lungs Have scales and hard skin Undergo internal fertilisation Exp: Snake, Iguana Homeothermic Covered with feathers to maintain body temperature Breathe through lungs Have wings that help some birds to fly Have a pair of scaly feet Undergo internal fertilisation produce eggs with hard shell Exp: Owl, Duck Reptiles Reptiles are animals with the following common characteristics: Birds Characteristics:
Homeothermic Covered with fur or hair breathe through lungs undergo internal fertilisation give birth and nurse their young Example: Giraffe Elephant, Lion Mammals Characteristics:
Classification of plants Non-Flowering Plants Moss * Reproduce by producing spores * Non-vascular Fern * Reproduce by producing spores * Vascular Conifer * Reproduce by bearing cones * Vascular Plants: Non flowering plants & Flowering plants
Flowering Plants Monocotyledons: A seed that has one cotyledon is called a monocotyledon Dicotyledons: A seed with a pair of cotyledons is called a dicotyledon One cotyledon Fibrous root Leaves with parallel veins Most have non woody stem Exp: Paddy and maize plants Two cotyledons tap root Leaves with network like veins Woody stem Exp: Tomato plants and duian tree Monocotyledon: Dicotyledons: