Communicative Language Teaching

Communicative Language
Teaching (CLT)

Tasnim Rahmi Binti Mohd Rashdan (2110462) Muhammad Syafiq Bin Muhammad Riduan Shah (2117689) 1
Nur Aaliah Binti Md Alias (2111850) Iskandar Haikal Izuddin Bin Idrus (2112467)
Shen Jia (2014960) Risa Sabrina Binti Ramli (2111980)

According to Prasad (2013), Info About CLT
“CLT is a teaching technique for teaching a second
language emphasises on the importance of learners’
ability to be as interactive an expressive with their
personal ideas in the desired or targeted language”.

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Table of content Page

Content 1
2-3
Definition to Communicative English Learning 4-5
The Principles of CLT 6-7
Factors for CLT in ELT 8-10

Advantages and Disadvantages of CLT 11-12
Communicative Language Teaching Development in ESL 13-14

classroom 15
Islamic perspective 16-18
Positive and Negative impacts on practising CLT

Conclusion
References

The Definition of
Communicative Language Teaching ( CLT)

According to My English Pages, which is an approach to the teaching of second and
foreign languages, it emphasizes interaction as both the means and the ultimate
goal of learning a language. It is also referred to as the
“Communicative Approach”.

Unlike traditional theories, the CLT approach provides a large range of flexibilities
and opportunities which both teachers and learners can exercise from time to time

(Kennedy, 2002. In addition, language learning does not only mean training and
language skills but also concentrating on the ability to communicate.

In other words, the communicative approach is at the core of the teaching process,

the process of communication (Krashen, 1982).

1

Principles of CLT

The core principle of the CLT approach is to learn in the language and to
learn to use the language, but not learn the knowledge of the language
(Savignon, 1987; Savignon, 2002).
In addition, the purpose of the CLT approach is to help students handle the
communication skills of the target language.

2

Principles of Clt

01 02 03 04

• Make authentic conversation • Allow learners to experiment • Offer opportunities for • Allow pupils to generate or
and put their knowledge to the learners to improve their discover grammatical rules on
the primary objective of accuracy as well as their fluency.
test. their own.
language acquisition.

05 06 07

• Connect disparate abilities such - Concentrate more on communicative • Allow for learners' blunders
as speaking, reading, and skills with pupils without sacrificing since they signify that the

listening, as they frequently grammatical competence or fluency at the learner is developing
occur in the actual world. expense of correctness. communicative ability.

3

Factors for CLT in ELT

CLT is an offspring of The nature of Students in this country
learner-centered language CLT should have good

teaching movements This approach mainly command of English
focuses improving
The role of the teacher is as a learners’ To communicate with the
facilitator or coach who push communicative foreigners since Malaysia
the students to communicate in competence.
ranked ninth touristy
English and improve their country all over the world.
language through using
4
authentic tasks.

Factors for CLT in ELT

English proficiency The CLT syllabus is expected Producing competent
to be carried out bilinguals’ generations.
for their future
educational career as well by the ESL teachers in the
classroom in order to
as using internet for
different purposes. improve our local learners’
communication skills and

meet the industries’
expectations

5

Advantages of CLT

● It motivates students ● CLT programmes have
shifted from a
since it emphasises fluency in teacher-centered to a
the target language, to improve learner-centered approach.
their ability to use English
independently. In other words, the learner
spends far more time
● CLT highlights and strives asserting that the teacher's
for communication function is only to aid the
competence. learning process.

6

Disadvantages of CLT

● Meanings and use rules take ● To intermediate and advanced
students, the CLT technique is
precedence over grammar and ideal, but for beginners, some
controlled practise is required.
structure rules in this approach.
Oral communicative tasks may be
● In an EFL classroom, CLT difficult for students with low levels
might be challenging to of competency in the target
apply. language.

because of a scarcity of resources 7
and equipment, such as authentic
materials and native-speaker
teachers.

How to develop Communicative Language
Teaching in ESL classroom

One way to develop CLT in the ESL classroom is by creating a variety
of activities to enhance the communicative competence of the CLT
students themselves. CLT activities can be classified as fluency and

accuracy activities that are considered as one of the goals to
develop fluency in language.

8

CLT Activities

Task-completion Information-gathering
activities: activities:

Doing activities such as quizzes, games, Learning is facilitated by asking the learner to use
map-reading and other numerous kinds of different methods of information gathering in
classroom activities that required the learner
to focus on using one’s language resources to completing the task such as conducting a survey,
collecting a questionnaire or having a personal
complete the task and having fun while
engaging with the activities. interview which can develop their communication
strategies while using their linguistic resources in

confronting people.

9

CLT Activities

Opinion-sharing Information-transfer
activities: activities:

The learners will be given a topic to discuss The learners are required to put the spoken or written
with their group members (global warming, texts into another form (chart, grid, or table) which
education, healthy lifestyle). Therefore, it is a could train their integrated skills. Moreover, it could
great way for the students to open up and encourage the learners to be directly involved in
share their opinions and different beliefs on it communicative activities and to use the target
while improving their conversational skills. language for communicative purposes.

10

Islamic Perspective

Islam is a religion that has its beliefs in worship, and by way of life behavior.
The language is the instrument to articulate these issues.

On this basis, every prophet was sent to his people by speaking with their
mother tongue and was revealed as follows in the holy Qur’an:

“We never sent a prophet, but with the language of his people, so that he can
explain clearly to them. So, God astray whom He pleases, and gives guidance

to which He will, and He is God Almighty, the Wise.” (QS. Ibrahim, 4)

11

Allah also tells people that they need As a Prophet, Muhammad's
to communicate so their speech mission and goal was to establish
becomes the best. Allah says in the a good dialogue with people and
Qur’ān, to communicate; to do this,

“And who is better in speech than one He not only used the various
who invites to Allah and does means of communication that
righteousness and says, ‘Indeed, I am belonged to his era, but he also
of the Muslims’.” (Qur’ān 41:33). took into account the
psychological peculiarities of the
Allah says in this verse, that the better individual and society in order to
in speech are those who invite people present the message in the best
to Allah. and most effective way.

12

Positive Impact
on practising CLT

Encouraging Student Stimulating the student Motivating students

to practice their English in to speak communicatively and to be brave and confident
real communication and create an applicable when interacting with
applying what they have
learned. environment to speak English people while using English

13

Negative Impact
On practising CLT

Focusing much on the Regarding learning Discouraging for students
who have lack vocabularies
meaning, not the structure, it is useless
to speak.
form. and irrelevant.
Not everyone is born with English
language knowledge especially ones
that came from rural areas

14

Conclusion

In conclusion, the core principle of the CLT approach is to
learn in the language and to learn to use the language, but

not learn the knowledge of the language
(Savignon, 1987; Savignon, 2002).

In other words, the purpose of the CLT approach is to
help students handle the communication skills of the target

language.

15

References

● Abd El-Fattah Khalil, D. A. I. (2016). The Islamic Perspective of Interpersonal
Communication. Journal of Islamic Studies and Culture, 4(2), 22–37.
https://doi.org/10.15640/jisc

● Aina Hafizah Zakaria, &,. Parilah Mohd Shah.(2019, Dec). Its implementation in
teaching English to Malaysian ESL primary learners. International Journal of
Scientific & Engineering Research,10(12),785-787 . Retrieved from
https://www.ijser.org/researchpaper/COMMUNICATIVE-LANGUAGE-TEACHING-C
LT-ITS-IMPLEMENTATION-IN-TEACHING-ENGLISH-TO-MALAYSIAN-ESL-PRIMARY-L
EARNERS.pdf

● C.Richards, J. (2006). Communicative language teaching today. Cambridge.

● Dos Santos, L. M. (2020). The Discussion of Communicative Language Teaching
Approach in Language Classrooms. Journal of Education and E-Learning
Research, 7(2), 104–109.
https://doi.org/10.20448/journal.509.2020.72.104.109

16

References

● Farooq, Muhammad U. (2015). Creating a communicative language teaching
environment for improving students’ communicative competence at EFL/EAP
University level. International Education Studies, 8(4), 185-187.
doi:10.5539/ies.v8n4p179

● Hysen Kasumi. (2015, April). Communicative Language Teaching and Its Impact
on Students’ Performance. ResearchGate; Richtmann Publishing.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/276459978_Communicative_Language
_Teaching_and_Its_Impact_on_Students’_Performance

● Mustapha, Siti & Yahaya, Ros. (2013). Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) in
Malaysian Context: Its’ Implementation in Selected Community Colleges.
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. 90. 10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.07.153.

17

References

● Mohamad Ramadan. (2019, Oct 18). Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) Assumptions
And Principles. Elttguide.com. Retrieved from,
https://elttguide.com/communicative-language-teaching-clt-assumptions-and-principles/

● Raissi, Reza & Nor, Faizah & Aziz, Marzilah & md saleh, Zanariah & Zainal, Zaidah. (2013).
Student’s Understandings and Practices Regarding Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)
in Malaysian Secondary Schools. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences. 4.
10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n4p325.

● Revita, I. (2015). Communicative Approach in Teaching English for 3rd Year English
Department Students: Advantages and Weaknesses. Indonesian Journal of English Language
Teaching, 10(2), 18–33.

● Thamarana, Simhachalam. (2015). A Critical Overview of Communicative Language
Teaching. International Journal of English Language, Literature and Humanities. 3. 90-100.

18

Thank You