7 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING SESSION: 1 2023/2024 ASSIGNMENT/ ROLE PLAY NAME REGISTRATION NUMBER 1. 2. 3. 4. PROGRAMME DKA5 COURSE LECTURER COURSE CODE & COURSE NAME DCC50232: ENGINEERING IN SOCIETY COURSE LEARNING OUTCOME (CLO) Upon completion of this course, students should be able to; CLO 1: Discuss the roles of engineering in society and the duties of maintaining health and safety in the workplace (A2,PLO6) PLO PLO 6: Demonstrate knowledge of the societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant to engineering technician practice and solutions to well-defined engineering problems (DK7) TOPIC TOPIC 1 - ENGINEERING CHALLENGES IN MODERN SOCIETY TOPIC 2 - PUBLIC SAFETY AND HEALTH IN CIVIL ENGINEERING CLS (Cluster) 3b – The Engineer and Society CONSTRUCT (GS) 1.1.1 Describe the impact of engineering in society 2.1 Identify relevant statutory and legal requirements TOTAL MARKS 100 marks
8 DECLARATION COURSE : ____________________________________________________ ASSESSMENT : ____________________________________________________ SECTION : ____________________________________________________ GROUP : ____________________________________________________ PART A: DUTIES & RESPONSIBILITIES No. Registration Num. Name Responsible/ Role 1. 2. 3. 4. PART B: RESPONSIBILITY AND COMMITMENT DECLARATION Acknowledged and signed by group members. No. Registration Num. Name Sign 1. 2. 3. 4. Notes: COMPULSORY added in all assessments after the COVER page.
9E. ASSESSMENT RUBRIC: ASSIGNMENT/ ROLE PLAY Demonstrate knowledge of the societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant to eEXCELLENT GOOD 5 4 DP1, DK6,DK7 1 A 1 Applies appropriate knowledge and skills to learning activities Demonstrates a skillful ability to explore a subject/topic independently Demonstrates an abexplore a subject/tindependentlyDP1, DK6,DK7 2 A 1 Ability to simplify the problem diagnosis Demonstrates excellent understanding of diverse interactions of engineering on society and the environment. Demonstrates good undeof diverse interactioengineering on society environment. DP1, DK6,DK7 3 A 1 Ability to consider the impact of engineering interventions (decisions and technology) on society and environment (historical and/or contemporary). Excellent in considers, explains and evaluates the impact of engineering interventions on societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues Good in considers and eximpact of engineering intersocietal, health, safety, legaissues DP1, DP6, DK4 4 A 1 Ability to select the relevant statutory and legal requirements for safety and health Demonstrates excellent ability to select the relevant statutory and legal requirements for safety and health to resolve the problem. Demonstrates good ability relevant statutory and legal rfor safety and health to rproblem. DP1, DP6, DK4 5 A 1 Ability to recognize the collective responsibility of engineering and its interventions on society and the environment. Excellent recognizes the responsibility of technician and stakeholder and evaluates the consequences of engineering interventions on society and environment. Good recognizes the resptechnician and stakeholder athe consequences of eninterventions on society andDP1, DP7, DK4, DK6 6 A 2 Ablity to discuss the safety and health elements in handling societal issues using the relevant statutory and legal requirements. Excellent elaboration with appropriate clause and aid of a flowchart about the safety and health elements in handling societal issues using the relevant statutory and legal requirements. Good elaboration with approand aid of a flowchart aboand health elements in handissues using the relevant slegal requiremenDP7 7 A 2 Conclusion Excellent in conclude the knowledge that consequent responsibilities relevant to engineering technician practice and solutions to well-defined engineering problems. Good in conclude the knowconsequent responsibilitiesengineering technician prsolutions to well-defined eproblems. DK7 8 A 2 References References include from relevant Guidelines, Act, Journal, Book, website, books, newspaper and magazines, 8 and above from non- refereed/refereed References include fromGuidelines, Act, Journal, Bobooks, newspaper and magabove from non- refereeDK7 9 A 2 Plagiarism Initiative Exellent in complete required work, generate and pursues opportunities to expand knowledge, skills and abilities Good in complete requidifferentiates and analyze oto expand knowledge, skillsDK7 1 0 A 2 Report Organisation Excellent in organising the writing issue, discussion, conclusion and references/citation. Good in organising the wrdiscussion, conclusioreferences/citatioCLO1 (A2) PO 6 Discuss the role of engineering in society and the duties of maintaining health and safety in the workplace P O DP/NA CRITERIA/LEVEL PLO6 : CLO1 : CLO TASK
9 engineering technician practice and solutions to well-defined engineering problems (DK7); FAIR WEAK VERY WEAK 3 2 1 bility to topic y Demonstrates a fair independent ability to explore a subject/topic independently Demonstrates some independent ability to explore a subject/topic with guide Demonstrates no independent ability to explore a subject/topic erstanding ns of and the Demonstrates fair understanding of diverse interactions of engineering on society and the environment. Demonstrates limited understanding of diverse interactions of engineering on society and the environment. Demonstrates minimal understanding of diverse interactions of engineering on society and the environment. xplains the rventions on al and cultural Fair in consideration of the impact of engineering interventions on societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues Limited consideration of the impact of engineering interventions on societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues Minimal or no consideration of the impact of engineering interventions on societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues to select the requirements resolve the Demonstrates fair ability to select the relevant statutory and legal requirements for safety and health to resolve the problem. Demonstrates limited ability to select the relevant statutory and legal requirements for safety and health to resolve the problem. Demonstrates minimal ability to select the relevant statutory and legal requirements for safety and health to resolve the problem. ponsibility of and identifies ngineering d environment. Fair recognition of the responsibility of technician and stakeholder and the consequences of engineering interventions on society and environment. Limited recognition of the responsibility of technician and stakeholder and the consequences of engineering interventions on society and environment. Minimal or no recognition of the responsibility of technician and stakeholder and the consequences of engineering interventions on society and environment. opriate clause ut the safety dling societal statutory and nts. Fair elaboration with appropriate clause and aid of a flowchart about the safety and health elements in handling societal issues using the relevant statutory and legal requirements. Limited elaboration with appropriate clause and aid of a flowchart about the safety and health elements in handling societal issues using the relevant statutory and legal requirements. Minimal elaboration with appropriate clause and no flowchart about the safety and health elements in handling societal issues using the relevant statutory and legal requirements. wledge that s relevant to ractice and engineering Fair in conclude the knowledge that consequent responsibilities relevant to engineering technician practice and solutions to well-defined engineering problems. Limited in conclude the knowledge that consequent responsibilities relevant to engineering technician practice and solutions to well-defined engineering problems. Minimal in conclude the knowledge that consequent responsibilities relevant to engineering technician practice and solutions to well-defined engineering problems. m relevant ook, website, azines, 6 and d/refereed References include from relevant Guidelines, Act, Journal, Book, website, books, newspaper and magazines, 4 and above from non- refereed/refereed References include from relevant Guidelines, Act, Journal, Book, website, books, newspaper and magazines, 2 and above from non- refereed/refereed References include from relevant Guidelines, Act, Journal, Book, website, books, newspaper and magazines, 2 and above from non- refereed/refereed red work, opportunities s and abilities Complete required work and identifies opportunities to expand knowledge, skills and abilities Complete required work and moderate identifies opportunities to expand knowledge Minimal in complete required work riting issue, on and on. Fair in summarises the writing issue, discussion, conclusion and references/citation. Limited in organising the writing issue, discussion, conclusion and references/citation. Minimal in organising the writing issue, discussion, conclusion and references/citation. 0 0 TOTAL Cumulative RUBRIC SCALES MARKS
CONTENT NO. INDEX PAGE 1. Issue of the roleplay 1 2. The issue that is relevant to ethics, financial, cultural, environmental, or sustainability issues in the Malaysian context that occurs in the community area. 2-5 3. The impact of engineering in society on public safety and health in the community. 6-7 4. Statutory and Legal Requirement 8-9 5. Technician and Stakeholder Roles 10-11 7. Discussion 12-14 8. Conclusion 15
Johor Bahru, a bustling Malaysian city bordering Singapore, has been grappling with a growing traffic congestion problem, and frustrated travelers are pointing fingers at the Rapid Transit System (RTS) project as a major contributing factor. The RTS project, aimed at improving crossborder transportation between Malaysia and Singapore, has ironically led to exacerbated traffic woes within Johor Bahru itself. The RTS project, which was envisioned to enhance connectivity and alleviate traffic congestion in the region, has become a source of frustration for commuters. Construction work, road closures, and diversions associated with the project have given rise to longer travel times, stressed nerves, and economic losses for local businesses. One of the primary concerns among residents and travelers alike is the seemingly perpetual traffic jams that have become the norm rather than the exception. The combination of construction-related disruptions and the ongoing daily traffic load has turned what should be a straightforward commute into a daily ordeal for many. The project's timeline has also been a point of contention. Originally slated for completion in 2024, delays and complications have pushed the timeline further into the future, exacerbating the frustration of commuters who had anticipated relief from the congestion. Local businesses in Johor Bahru have not been immune to the negative effects of the traffic situation. Reduced foot traffic and accessibility issues have impacted their bottom lines, leading some to call for compensation or support from the government to mitigate their losses. In response to these concerns, the local government has expressed sympathy for the affected residents and businesses, promising to address the traffic issues more effectively. However, a clear plan to mitigate the immediate traffic congestion woes remains elusive. figure 1: Picture from article https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2022/05/18/rts-project-expected-to-causetraffic-congestion-in-jb-says-mayor https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/johor-bahru-traffic-jam-is-getting-worse TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING JOHOR BAHRU TRAFFIC JAM IS GETTING WORSE
1)Ethics Traffic congestion impacts individuals and communities regardless of their ethical ideas or values. It is largely a problem relating to urban planning, transportation infrastructure, and driving behavior on the road. However, it is feasible to evaluate traffic congestion from an ethical standpoint by evaluating the numerous causes that contribute to it and contemplating the potential ethical consequences. Congestion in the transport system adds to increased air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, both of which hurt the environment and contribute to climate change. From the viewpoint of environmental ethics, this problem raises concerns about our obligation to maintain and preserve the natural world for future generations. Furthermore, traffic congestion disproportionately impacts lowincome neighborhoods, which frequently lack access to public transit alternatives. This lack of access might make it difficult for them to obtain important services, education, work prospects, and healthcare facilities. When examining how traffic congestion exacerbates existing socioeconomic inequities, ethical issues arise. Next, congestion on the road may also have an influence on road safety and human well-being. Long amounts of time stuck in traffic can cause tension, irritation, and aggressive driving behaviours, increasing the risk of an accident or injury. Ethical concerns may include prioritising the safety and well-being of all road users by employing congestion-relief measures. Describe the issue that is relevant to ethics, financial, cultural, environmental, or sustainability issues in the Malaysian context that occurs in the community area.
2) Financial Furthermore, traffic congestion causes delays in commuting and transit, wasting time for both individuals and businesses. Productivity declines can have a detrimental influence on economic development and competitiveness. More than that, congested traffic frequently forces vehicles to idle or travel at a slower speed, resulting in greater fuel usage. This not only increases the financial strain on individual drivers but also leads to greater gasoline prices for companies and the whole economy. To alleviate traffic congestion, transportation infrastructure expenditures such as road extensions, public transit networks, and smart traffic control technologies are required. These infrastructure costs might be substantial, necessitating financial contributions from governments and other stakeholders. Conclusion From a financial perspective, addressing traffic congestion becomes crucial as it directly impacts economic efficiency, productivity, and overall prosperity. Implementing measures to reduce congestion and improve transportation systems can lead to cost savings, increased economic activity, and improved quality of life for individuals and communities.
3) Cultural From a cultural standpoint, traffic congestion may also be defined. Individuals' behavior and attitudes regarding traffic congestion are heavily influenced by cultural variables. Some cultures may choose to drive their own automobiles rather than using public transit or other types of mobility. This can result in increasing traffic congestion as more people prefer to drive, resulting in higher traffic volumes and restricted road capacity. Other than that, Cultural preferences and objectives can impact urban planning and design decisions, such as the distribution of land for roadways, public transit, and pedestrian infrastructure. In some societies, there may be a larger focus on accommodating private automobiles over alternate forms of transportation, resulting in inadequate infrastructure for walkers, bicycles, or public transit systems. Cultural norms around work hours, flexible schedules, and commuting patterns can impact traffic congestion. For example, in cultures where there is a strong emphasis on punctuality and fixed working hours, there may be concentrated peak-hour traffic as everyone tries to reach their workplaces at the same time. Understanding the cultural variables that contribute to traffic congestion is critical for finding successful solutions. When building transportation networks, executing traffic management measures, and promoting alternate means of transportation, it is necessary to take cultural norms, values, and preferences into account. It is feasible to build customized solutions that are more likely to be accepted and adopted by the community, resulting in a more sustainable and efficient transport system by taking cultural elements into account.
4) Environment and Sustainability For starters, traffic congestion is not just a cultural issue, but it is also an environmental and sustainability worry. Traffic congestion causes enormous noise pollution, especially in metropolitan areas. Constant honking, engine noise, and traffic-related noises can be harmful to human health, producing stress, sleep difficulties, and other problems. Congestion reduction can assist reduce noise pollution and enhance the quality of life in impacted regions. Traffic congestion contributes to the urban heat island effect, where urban areas experience higher temperatures than surrounding rural areas due to the concentration of heat-absorbing surfaces and reduced vegetation. The increased use of vehicles in congested traffic contributes to heat generation and exacerbates the urban heat island effect, leading to higher energy consumption for cooling and discomfort for residents. Furthermore, traffic congestion impedes the development and implementation of sustainable transportation systems. Congestion discourages individuals from utilising alternate means of transportation such as walking, cycling, or public transit during peak hours, as these choices may be slower or less convenient. Promoting sustainable transport alternatives and minimising congestion might encourage people to commute in more environmentally responsible ways. Addressing traffic congestion from an environmental and sustainability perspective involves implementing measures to reduce vehicle emissions, promote sustainable transportation options, and improve urban planning and design. This can include investing in public transportation infrastructure, creating pedestrian and cycling-friendly spaces, implementing congestion pricing schemes, and promoting carpooling or ridesharing programs. By reducing traffic congestion, we can create more sustainable and environmentally friendly transportation systems that benefit both individuals and the planet.
1 Infrastructure and Transportation. Engineering has played a crucial role in building and maintaining infrastructure, such as roads, bridges, and transportation systems. By ensuring the structural integrity of these facilities, engineers help prevent accidents and ensure public safety. Additionally, engineers design and improve transportation systems, leading to safer and more efficient travel, and reducing accidents and congestion. 2) Building Safety Engineers are responsible for designing buildings and ensuring they meet safety standards. They consider factors like structural stability, fire safety, and accessibility for people with disabilities. By adhering to building codes and regulations, engineers help protect occupants from potential hazards. . Give the impact of engineering in society on public safety and health in the community.
3)Safety Systems and Standards Engineers develop safety systems and standards that guide industries and organizations in ensuring public safety. For example, in the automotive industry, engineers design safety features like seatbelts, airbags, and anti-lock braking systems to reduce the risk of accidents and injuries. 4) Water Supply and Sanitation Access to clean water and proper sanitation is essential for public health. Engineers design and maintain water supply systems, wastewater treatment plants, and sewage systems, ensuring safe drinking water and preventing the spread of diseases
In this news, reported on the traffic jam that occurred at the junction of Johor and Singapore. The excessive traffic flow caused many problems to the residents there. Vehicles emit not only carbon monoxide, but also hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and fine particulate matter. These substances can sensitize people's skin, induce respiratory tract infections, cause difficulty breathing, and even cause lung disease. The emitted gases destroy the structure of the atmosphere and perforate the ozone layer in the atmosphere. The consequences are global warming and an increase in the intensity of ultraviolet rays. “ To control, in connection with the use of motor vehicles, the emission of smoke, oily substance, ashes, water, steam, visible vapour, noxious fumes, sparks, cinders, gas or grit” from rules 66.1 (b). This rule can well control the emission of harmful substances and reduce pollution and damage to the environment. This law can well control the emission of harmful substances and reduce pollution and harm to the environment. It corresponds to climate change, which ranks 13th in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 2030. STATUTORY AND LEGAL REQUIREMENTS Act 333 - ROAD TRANSPORT ACT 1987 “to regulate the maximum unladen weight of tractors heavy and motor cars heavy, and the maximum laden weight of motor vehicles and the maximum weight to be transmitted to the road or any specified road or any specified area of a road by a motor vehicle of any class or description, or by any part of such a vehicle in contact with the road, and the conditions under which the weights may be required to be tested” from rules 66.1(d) Vehicles that are too large or too heavy should be routed separately and the weight of large vehicles should be strictly controlled. We see holes and damage in the asphalt road every day because the vehicle is too heavy and the asphalt road cannot support it. When a road is damaged, it must be repaired. During the repair process, the traffic flow that should have been carried by this road will be diverted to other roads, causing the traffic jam problem to worsen.
“bus” means a motor vehicle having a seating capacity of not less than eight persons (including the driver) section 2 . In this era of booming economy, every family has at least one mobility scooter, but a large amount of traffic will cause traffic jams. The original intention of mobility scooters was to shorten the time it takes for people to reach their destinations, but traffic congestion has caused people to waste their time in traffic jams. At the same time, many accidents occurred, which violated the original intention of the mobility scooter. If public buses can be widely used, many problems caused by excessive traffic volume can be solved. The current public buses are not chosen as the first choice by the people because there are not enough public buses, the routes are not optimized enough and the buses are not punctual. If we can solve these problems, we will be one step closer to the eleventh goal of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 2030, Sustainable cities and communities. Act 715 - LAND PUBLIC TRANSPORT ACT 2010
Transportation departments Highway departments Their responsibility is to plan, build, and supervise the construction of roads that will be classed as highways and major thoroughfares. And also, to carry out or cause the upgrade of highways and key roads, as well as their routine and periodic maintenance. Plan more convenient and reasonable routes to ensure that the traffic flow on each road is reasonable. In addition, efforts to discover and solve route problems can also avoid traffic jams. MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT(MOT) to enforce laws related to land transport, logistics, maritime and aviation. Beside that, their also need to ensure that legal, service, and safety standards are followed. Therefore, MOT needs to formulate more stringent laws and punishment systems to prevent anyone from taking chances and taking advantage of legal loopholes. Let the legal system be more perfect and the city develop better and more civilized TECHNICIAN AND STAKEHOLDERS’ ROLES
Traffic police Traffic police are officers who patrol highways, direct traffic, and deal with traffic violations. They can be a separate agency from the main police department, a unit or division inside the main police department, or a form of assignment given to officers; they can also be part of a transportation authority or highway authority. They play such an important role in daily traffic, so they must ensure that they cannot slack off and must be fair. Adhere to the character of fairness and do not accept "duit kopi" so that the legal system can fully function. Road users Road users, that is, us, plan our routes ahead of time and avoid going out during rush hour. Public transportation, such as LRT, buses, and MRT, is also an option for Malaysians. Every citizen is required to follow the law.
DISCUSSION Emission Control (Act 333) Law regulates vehicle emission (carbon monoxide, hydrogens, etc) Aims to reduce health problems & environmental damage Vehicle Weight (Act 333) Law set weight limits for vehicles to prevent road damages. Overloaded vehicles cause accidents and road deterioration. Public Transportation (Act 715) Law defines buses and regulates public transport. Reduces traffic jams, accidents, and air pollution.
Police enforce traffic laws to prevent accidents. Fair enforcement enhances road safety. Citizens must follow traffic laws and plan routes. Responsible driving reduces accidents and congestion. Government Responsibilities Ministries and agencies enforce laws and maintain roads. Ensure safety standards and prevent accidents Traffic Police Role Responsibility of Road Users
DDDDIIIISSSSCCCCUUUUSSSSSSSSIIIIOOOONNNN Managing societal issues such as road transport, traffic congestion, and public safety necessitates a multifaceted approach based on legislative and regulatory criteria. For example, Act 333 of the Road Transport Act of 1987 is crucial in decreasing automotive emissions, safeguarding public health, and limiting environmental impact. This regulation aims to prevent respiratory ailments, skin sensitization, and long-term health implications by limiting harmful chemical emissions while also addressing global warming and ozone layer depletion. Act 333 also addresses the essential issue of vehicle weight and its impact on roadway infrastructure. The rule specifies weight limitations and requirements in order to ensure road safety by reducing accidents and road damage caused by overweight vehicles. The 2010 Land Public Transit Act, Act 715, underlines the significance of public transport in reducing traffic congestion and enhancing safety. While boosting mobility, public transit minimises accidents and pollution. The Ministry of Transport, highway bureaus, and traffic police are in charge of enforcing legislation and maintaining roads, which directly affects safety. It is vital that traffic laws are fairly enforced. By following the regulations, planning routes, and choosing public transportation, drivers may assist to make communities safer and transportation systems more ecologically friendly.
CCCCOOOONNNNCCCCLLLLUUUUSSSSIIIIOOOONNNN In brief, addressing the complex issues of road transport, traffic congestion, and public safety requires a diversified strategy based on legal frameworks and regulations. The Road Transport Act of 1987, Act 333, is vital in minimising dangerous emissions, safeguarding public health, and preventing environmental degradation. Simultaneously, it handles the critical problem of vehicle weight in order to ensure road safety. The Land Public Transit Act of 2010, Act 715, underlines the value of public transportation in reducing congestion, enhancing safety, and promoting environmentally friendly mobility. Government officials are in responsible of enforcing and maintaining a safe and equitable road environment. Finally, these legal foundations serve as the platform for our efforts to create communities that are safer, healthier, and more sustainable.. Thank You!
REFERENCE LAWS OF MALAYSIA ONLINE VERSION OF UPDATED TEXT OF REPRINT. (2013). https://www.mot.gov.my/en/Documents/Act%20333%20- %20Road%20Transport%20Act%201987.pdf Object, object. (n.d.). Ethical Issues in Transportation. Core.ac.uk. https://core.ac.uk/reader/21622477 Federal Highway Administration. (2019). Traffic Congestion and Reliability: Trends and Advanced Strategies for Congestion Mitigation: Chapter 2. Dot.gov. https://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/congestion_report/chapter2.htm LAWS OF MALAYSIA ONLINE VERSION OF UPDATED TEXT OF REPRINT. (n.d.). https://tcclaw.com.my/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Land-PublicTransport-Act-2010.pdf Economic impact of traffic congestion- estimation and challenges https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326235494_Economic_impact_of_tr affic_congestion-_estimation_and_challenges