1 Verb patterns
2 Verb patterns 1. To infinitive เราจำเป็นต้องรู้จักแยกกริยาแท้ กับ กริยาตัวรอง แสดงtense to + v.1 Ex 1: Don’t forget to mail the letter. Ex 2: Tom refused to return me any money. Ex 3: Jill has decided not to buy a new car. Ex 4: There was a lot of traffic, but we managed to arrive at the airport in time. Ex 5: One day I'd like to learn to fly an airplane. Ex 6: I shouted to him. He pretended not to hear me To + v.1 = เพื่อที่จะ a) To feel more relaxed after work, I prefer to take a warm shower before bedtime. b) I prefer to take a warm shower before bedtime to feel more relaxed after work. c) To meet the increasing demand this year, we have agreed to hire some more staffs. d) We should discuss hiring some more staffs to meet the increasing demand this year.
3 2. Verbs พิเศษ + v.ing (gerund) Gerund song (เจอคำเหล่านี้เมื่อไหร่ ใส่ v.ing) enjoy avoid practice keep imagine worth risk สนุก หลีกเลี่ยง ฝึกฝน ทำต ่อไป จินตนาการ คุ้มค ่า เสี่ยง admit deny mind miss consider finish complete delay ยอมรับ ปฏิเสธ รังเกียจ คิดถึง/พลาด พิจารณา เสร็จ เสร็จ ทำให้ล ่าช้า recall resist resent recommend spend(time) defer จำได้ ทน ขุ่นเคือง แนะนำ ใช้เวลา เลื่อน appreciate suggest dislike detest resume discuss ซาบซึ้ง แนะนำ ไม ่ชอบ เกลียด ทำอีกครั้ง พูดคุย fancy feel like postpone คิดจินตนาการ อยากทำ เลื่อน can’t help can’t bear busy อดไม ่ได้ ทนไม ่ได้ ยุ่ง anticipate quit can’t stand คาดล ่วงหน้า เลิก ทนไม ่ได้ tolerate mention have fun ทน พูดถึง สนุก (have trouble / have difficulty ก็ตามด้วย + v.ing เช ่นกัน) “Love does not end just because you stop seeing each other.” It’s no use feeling sorry. It’s no point in getting mad with each other. It’s worth remembering our good old days.
4 To infinitive or Gerund 1) She delayed _________ (get) out of bed. 2) He demanded _________(speak) to the manager. 3) I offered ________(help). 4) I miss __________(go) to the beach. 5) We postponed ________(do). 6) I'd hate ________(arrive) too late. 7) She admitted ________(steal) the money. 8) I chose ________(work) here. 9) She waited _______(buy) a drink. 10) I really appreciate _______(be) on holiday. 11) I couldn't help _________(laugh). 12) It seems _________ (be) raining. 13) I considered _________(move) to Spain. 14) They practiced _______(speak). 15) Finally, I managed _______(finish) the work.
5 16) I really can't stand _______(wait) for the bus. 17) Unfortunately, we can't afford _______(buy) a new car this year. 18) She risked _______(be) late. 19) I'd love _________(come) with you. 20) I prepared ________(go) on holiday.
6 Observe and learn suggest, recommend, advise + v.ing a) The doctor suggested eating healthily. advise/suggest/recommend object to + v.1 b) The doctor suggested his patients to eat healthily. Other verbs followed by gerund or noun be used to/ get used to / be accustomed to เคยชิน I’m (not) used to cold weather. I don’t get used to living in a cold country. look forward to คาดหวังรอคอย I looked forward to my birthday gifts, but I didn’t get any. I’m looking forward to hearing from you. I have always been looking forward to going there with you. be opposed to / object to คัดค้าน ปฏิเสธ When I was a child, I was opposed to wearing a school uniform. When I was a child, I used to be opposed to a school uniform. devote to/ dedicate to / commit to อุทิศตนให้กับสิ่งนั้น / contribute to ช ่วยเหลือ ส ่งเสริม สนับสนุน ก ่อให้เกิด / lead to He has devoted himself to writing his new novels When it comes to..................... เมื่อพูดถึงสิ่งนั้น/ เมื่อสิ่งนั้นมาถึง When it comes to helping flood victims, all Thai people are prompt and willing to help.
7 Gerund after a preposition I am fond of learning English. ฉันชอบวิชาภาษาอังกฤษมากๆ I am really into going to museums. ฉันชอบการไปพิพิธภัณฑ์มากๆ She is keen on singing. เธอชอบการร้องเพลงมากๆ I am passionate about drawing and painting. ฉันหลงใหลในการวาดภาพและระบายสีมากๆ We are crazy about playing ROV game. พวกเราคลั่งไคล้การเล่นเกม ROV มากๆ “Our anxiety does not come from thinking about the future, but from wanting to control it.” (Khalil Gibran: นักเขียนชาวเลบานอน) “My nightmares are usually about losing you. Yet, I’m ok once I realize you’re here” (Suzaane COLLINES: ผู้เขียนบท THE HUNGER GAMES) Gerund as a subject 1. Playing tennis is my cup of tea. 2. Hiring additional staffs delays the progress of the project. 3. Allowing some prestigious secondary schools to use floating tuition rates like private schools is aimed at promoting their development without budget limits. 4. Eating too much chocolate possibly causes diabetes. V.ing = Subject= it
8 3. สูตร Elsa Let + v.1 bare infinitive / infinitive without to Make + v.1 Help + v.1 / to + v.1 Ex 1: He let his son play alone. Ex 2: My father let me drive. Ex 3: This news made me cry. Ex 4: Anis helped me clean the room. Ex 5: Anis helped me to clean the room. 4. see / hear someone + v.1 + v.ing Ex 1: I saw a boy play basketball alone. playing basketball alone. to play x Ex 2: We heard someone shout at the door. shouting at the door. to shout x เห็นใครทำอะไร ได้ยินใครทำอะไร
9 5. have something done (v.3) have someone do (v.1 without to) get something done (v.3) get someone to do something Ex: a) The municipality will have a new public library built next month. b) You should have your health (regularly) checked (regularly). c) A: Have you finished the annual report yet? B: Yes, I have. But I will have my assistant make some more copies. d) A: Can I borrow your laptop for a while? B: Sorry, I don’t have one now. I had it repaired yesterday. I am getting John fix it for me now.