Class of 2017
Science Portfolio
Survey Graph Conclusion
1. Data Table
2. Graph
3. Write a short conclusion of 5 sentences
color responses
red 4
blue 10
green 1
purple 6
In conclusion the result of the survey given to 21 people to see what there favorite color is shows
various things.The results show that more people like the color blue then green in fact ten time the
people like blue.And 21 out of 6 like the color purple. And 1 out of 21 people like the color green.
The results show that blue is the most popular color. was take to see what people favorite color was
the survey shows that 10 people said that blue favorite color and the data also shows that 1 out of 21
people like the color green.
Science Experiment Presentation
Problem- Which paper towel brand absorbs the most water?
Hypothesis- If the brand Bounty is the most absorbent paper towel, then it will soak up the most
water.
Independent Variable- the different paper towel brands
Dependant Variable- the amount of water soaked up
Constants- the amount of water used in the experiment (200 ml), the size of the paper towels (4 by 4
inches), how long their in the water (3 minutes), the same cup type, fold into 1/4s
Control- the school paper towel brand
Paper Towel Amount of
Brands Water Soaked Up
Bounty 11 millimeters
Viva 2 millimeters
Stop and Shop 10 millimeters
Problem- Which water temperature does food coloring dissolve faster in?
Hypothesis- If the hot water has molecules that are more spread out, then the food coloring will
dissolve faster in it
Independent Variable- 2 different water temperatures
Dependent Variable- how fast the food coloring dissolves into the water
Constant-
● Same amount of food coloring (1 drop)
● Same room (science classroom)
● Same amount of water (80 ml)
● Same thermometer
QUIZ: Scientific Method
Directions: Read the following description of an experiment and complete the components of the
scientific method.
Experiment: Mr. Smithers believes that a s could help his workers produce more “widgets” in one
week. The chemical supply store sent him 3 different compounds to try on his 100 workers. The
following are the chemicals:
A. Sodium chloride
B. Magnesium hydroxide
C. Calcium sulfate
D. Water
*Help Mr. Smithers design an effective experiment and write a conclusion that analyzes your
results.
Problem Statement
Which compounds will help the workers produce more widgets in one week?
Hypothesis
The Magnesium will make the workers produce more widgets in one week
Independent Variable
Sodium chloride Magnesium hydroxide calcium sulfate Water
Same time
Dependent Variable
50,30,20,10
Constants (Pick 2)
Same place
Control
The workers without the special compound
Data Table: (Place data table here)
compounds-x responses -y
sodium 50
chloride
Magnesium 30
hydroxide
calcium 20
sulfate
water 10
Graph: (Place graph here)
Conclusion: In conclusion the results show of the special compound given to 100 worker to see
what one will help the workers produce more widgets one week shows many things.The results show
that the sodium chloride produced more widgets than water in fact in fact 50 times the
productive.The results show that sodium chloride produced the most widgets out of all of them.
Density Lab Report
I. Investigation Design
A. Problem Statement:
Can density be used to Identify the unknown metal?
B. Hypothesis:
If density is known then you identify the unknown metal.
C. Independent Variable: x
Levels of IV
Amuim Iron Copper Zinc Brass Amuim
Same triple beam balance
D. Dependent Variable:y
Density
E. Constants:
Same water Same place
F. Control:
Water
G. Materials: (List with numbers)
1. Triple beam balance
2. Beaker
3.water
4. Mental
H. Procedures: (List with numbers and details)
1.get beaker and water
2.get triple beam balance
3.put the mental on the triple beam balance to weigh it
4.drop the mental in the water see volume after
II. Data Collection
A. Qualitative Observations:
Copper and zinc have the same volume after 54
B. Quantitative Observations: (Key data)
1. Data Table
Mental Density
Aluminum 1.6
iron 6.3
brass 8.5
copper 3.625
zinc 7.25
copper 18
Aluminum 2.41
2. Graph
Metal density first day unknow mental real density
Iron 63 63.5 7.87
copper 72 72.3 8.96
brass 68 68.8 8.4
3. Calculations
Show 3 Math Examples
Copper
D = m/v
D = 27 g
3 cm3
D = 9 g/cm3
III. Data Analysis/Conclusion
In conclusion the data shows the data shows that density can be used to find the the unknown
mentel.The results shows that the first day that we drop the iron in we got 50 and the second day we
tried to find the unknown mental for iron we got we got the same number.And that shows that you
can use density to find the unknown mental.
IV. Research and Applications
Osteoporosis is a bone disease that occurs when the body loses too much bone mass.In result of this
you can become weak,break something when you fall .¨Osteoporosis results from a loss of bone mass
(measured as bone density) and from a change in bone structure. Many factors will raise your risk
of developing osteoporosis and breaking a bone. You can change some of these risk factors, but not
others¨.Around when you are 41-60 are most likely to get osteoporosis and you have a greater risk to
have osteoporosis when you are 60 or older.And average bone density of an human is 3.88 in males
and in females 2.90 in females and a lower bone density is 1.0.
Density QUIZ
1. The scientist collected an object with a density of 6.4 g/cm3 and a volume of 79 cm3. What
is the mass of this object?
M= d * v
M= 6.4 g/cm/ * 79CM3
M=505.6
2. An irregularly shaped stone was lowered into a graduated cylinder holding a volume of
water equal to 50.0mL. The height of the water rose to 68 mL . If the mass of the stone was
125.0g, what was its density?
D= M
V
125.0g
D= 68
D=1.83
3. A scientist had 350.0 grams of Gold (Au) and a 530.0 gram sample of Silver on the lab
table. Which metal would have a greater volume (cm3) ? Explain. *Show all work.
Silver 10.5
Gold 19.32
4. Explain why the Titanic sank after hitting the iceberg. Use data to explain your answer.
The reason why the titanic sank after hitting the iceberg because all the water went in the ship
which made the air gone away.And the average density was greater than the water and the steel
ship was greater than the density of the water.In the end that is what caused the titanic to
sink.
Metric Measurement
Measure the following items and convert to all units in the Metric System
1. Measure the length of this line in centimeters:
______________________________
Line 0.00045 0.0045 0.045 0.45 .45 4.5 45
2. Measure the length of the insect in cm
Bug 0.00075 0.0075 0.075 0.75 .75 7.5 7.5
5. 34.8 cm = 348 mm
6. 8900 mm = 0.89 m
7. 12.9 kL = L
8. 450 g =mg
9. 56.7 dg = mg
is the % error for this student in measuring the area of the desk?
Density Lab Report Rewrite
Directions: Analyze the following data and write a conclusion paragraph.
Data Table
Known - Day 1
Metal Density (g/cm3)
Copper 9.12
Aluminum 2.78
Lead 11.89
Zinc 7.13
Density (g/cm3)
Unknown - Day 2
Metal
A 12.34
B 7.56
C 5.32
D 2.65
Make a Graph:
Conclusion:
*Use transition words (Therefore, however, In conclusion…)
1. Purpose of experiment
Can density be use to identify the unknown metal?
2. Hypothesis
If density is known then you identify the unknown metal.
3. Hypothesis correct?
My hypothesis is correct , because you can't use density be use to identify the unknown metal
describe data that supports your hypothesis - Are you able to identify 3 unknowns? Use evidence
from the data table.’
You are able to identify three unknown the three metal that i can identify is B which is zinc another
one i can identify is A which is Lead.One more i can identify is D which id Aluminum.
4 . Which trial would you repeat? Why?
One trail that you would repeat is the density on copper because they have total different numbers
for the unknown metal it says 5.32 and for the known metal it is 9.12.
5. What would you improve in this lab?
What I would improve on this is the finding the density i think that the number should be closer
together they are not far off but they could be better they were only off by a lot on one of them.
QUIZ: Phase Changes
Directions: Analyze the following data table with data collected by a scientist that wanted to study
how Heat Energy affects the Phase Changes of 2 different metals. Respond to the questions below and
perform all necessary calculations.
Data Table:
Metal Mass Heat of Melting Pt. Boiling Heat of Specific Heat
Fusion (C) Pt. (C) Vaporization Heat Energy
(cal/g) (cal/g) (cal/gC) (cal)
Aluminu 65 g 95 660 2467 2500 0.21
m
Gold 65 g 15 1063 2800 377 0.03
Scientific Method (___ out of 4)
Independent Variable:
Metals Specific Heat
Dependent Variable:
Results
Constant:
Water
Control:
Same place,same mass,
Calculate Heat Energy:
Apply the following Equations:
Heat = Mass * Heat of Fusion
Heat = Mass * Change in Temperature * SH
Heat = Mass * Heat of Vaporization
Data Table:
Metal Mass Heat of Melting Pt. Boiling Heat of
Fusion (C) Pt. (C) Vaporization Heat Energy
(cal/g)
(cal/g) (cal/gC) (cal)
Aluminum 65 g 95 660 2467 2500 0.21 6175
Gold 65 g 15 1063 2800 377 0.03 9750
*SHOW ALL MATH STEPS
Math Steps (____ out of 4)
A. Aluminum
Heat=Mass*heat of fusion
Heat=65g*95
Heat=6175
B. Gold
Heat=Mass*heat of fusion
Heat=65g*100*15
Heat=9750
In conclusion the data shows that both of the metal would turn into to a liquid because both of the
metal went passed there Vaporization point.The golds Vaporization point was at 2500 and the heat of
energy was at 6175.And Aluminum was 9570.
QUIZ Review: Classifying Matter
Heterogeneous Mixtures
Homogeneous Mixtures
Sugar Salt water
Determine the Mass % of each component within the following Mixtures and Make Pie Charts:
25 grams of Large Rocks 36 grams of Fine Grained Sand
125 grams of Small Rocks 3 grams of Salt
75 grams of Coarse Grained Sand 19 grams of Copper (Cu)
175 grams of Large Rocks 23 grams of Fine Grained Sand
35 grams of Small Rocks 11 grams of Salt
89 grams of Coarse Grained Sand 53 grams of Copper (Cu)
Determine the Mass % of each element in the following compounds: (Choose 4 Compounds)
Positive Ions Negative Ions
Sodium Phosphate
Calcium Carbonate
Potassium Sulfate
Lithium Nitrate
Conclusion: *Explain the difference between Mixtures and Compounds using evidence (Data) from
your charts.
The difference between Mixtures and Compounds and are Each substance in the mixture keeps its own
properties. The compound has properties different from the elements it contains. Each substance is
easily separated from the mixture.
QUIZ: Solubility
Directions: Use the Solubility Graph to answer the following questions.
Graph
I. Solubility Graph
Questions:
1. What is the Solubility of KClO3 at 40 C?
20
2. What is the Solubility of NH4C l at 70 C?
60
3. What Temperature would 80 grams of KNO3 completely dissolve and become saturated?
It would completely dissolve at 90 degrees
4. Suppose you have 120 grams of NaNO3 a t 30 C. Is the solution Unsaturated, Saturated or
Supersaturated and how many grams can you add/or take away to make it Saturated?
It is unsaturated so you would have to add 10 grams to make it saturated
5. Suppose you have 120 grams of NaNO3 at 30 C. What could you do to the Beaker to make the
solution Saturated? (Use Data from graph here)
You would have to
6. Suppose you have 70 grams of KNO3 at 60 C. Is the solution Unsaturated, Saturated or
SuperSaturated and how many grams can you add/or take away to make it Saturated?
It is supersaturated so you have to take away 20 grams to make it saturated
7. Suppose you have 70 grams of KNO3 at 60 C. What could you do to the Beaker to make the solution
Saturated? (Use Data from graph here).
You would have to
II. Soluble vs. Insoluble
Directions: Use your Solubility Rules Chart to determine if the following compounds are Soluble or
Insoluble.
Compound Soluble or Insoluble Identify the Rule # Used
Sodium chloride Soluble Rule
Silver nitrate Insoluble Rule
Ammonium nitrate Insoluble Rule
Calcium carbonate Soluble Rule
Zinc sulfide Soluble Rule
AgCl Insoluble Rule 4
Na2SO4 Soluble Rule
Calcium phosphate Insoluble Rule 10
PbBr2 Insoluble Rule 3rule
=======rururule 1 rrule 1
III. Use your Solubility Rules to Determine how the beaker would look in the following chemical
reactions:
Reaction #1
Potassium Chloride + Silver Nitrate →
Ions
Reaction
Reaction #2
Lithium Phosphate + Calcium Sulfate
Ions
Reaction
IV. Conclusion:
Write a conclusion explaining the results of one of the reaction. You should focus on the
appearance of the final beaker. Your conclusion should also discuss the % of Oxygen between 2 of
the compounds in the same reaction.
V. What is wrong with the following formula: (PO4) 2Na
You did not put a plus sign over the Na one more thing that is wrong with it is has
Determine which fossil is older
Betancourtium Isotope 100
0 50
25
2300 12.5
4600 6.25
6900 3.125
9200 1.06
11,500 .5
13,800 .25
16,100 .125
18,400 0
20,700
2,000 100
50
Cabrerianite 25
12.5
0 6.25
1500
3000
4500
6000
7500 3.125
9000 1.06
10,500 .5
12,000 .25
13,500 .125
15,000 0
Graphs:
Write an Essay that explains which fossil is older:
Fossil A
40% of Betancourtium remaining
Fossil B
35% of Cabrerianite remaining
Potential Energy Project
Due: Friday 3/17
Define and make note cards for the following words:
Energy Joules Chemical Potential Law of Conservation
the strength and
vitality required for One joule is defined as Energy of Energy
sustained physical or
mental activity the amount of energy free energy, is a form states that the total
exerted when a force of of potential energy energy of an isolated
one newton is applied that can be absorbed or system remains
over a displacement of released during a constant it is said to
one meter. chemical reaction or be conserved over
phase transition. time. Energy can
neither be created nor
destroyed; rather, it
transforms from one
form to another.
Kinetic Energy Kilojoules Elastic Potential Gravity
energy that a body
possesses by virtue of The metric scale, the Energy the force that attracts
being in motion
one used in scientific It is equal to the work a body toward the
work, is kilojoules of done to stretch the center of the earth, or
energy, per kilogram spring, which depends toward any other
of mass-kelvins, upon the spring physical body having
where Kelvin is the constant k as well as mass. For most
absolute celsius scale. the distance stretched. purposes Newton's
laws of gravity apply,
with minor
modifications to take
the general theory of
relativity into
account.
Potential Energy Gravitational Mechanical Energy
the energy possessed by Potential Energy energy in an object
a body by virtue of its GPE = mgh, where m is due to its motion or
position relative to the mass in kilograms, position, or both.
others, stresses within g is the acceleration
itself, electric charge, due to gravity (9.8 on
and other factors Earth), and h is the
height above the
ground in meters
Resource: http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/energy/Lesson-1/Potential-Energy
Gravitational Potential Energy
Determine the Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE) of 3 different masses (g) at 3 different heights.
3 objects: You, gallon of milk, television (research the masses)
* 2.2 lbs = 1 kg
Data Table:
Your data table will need: Object, mass, gravity, height, GPE
Videos: h ttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x5JeLiSBqQY
*Video shows you how to use the GPE equation.
Janai - 56 kg
GPE = m* g * H
GPE = 56 kg * 9.8 m/s2 * 15 m
GPE = 8232 J
Bowling Ball - 7 kg
GPE= M * g * H
GPE= 7 kg * 9.8 m/s2 * 15m
GPE= 1029 J
Television - 38 kg
GPE= m * g *H
GPE= 38 kg * 9.8 m/s2 * 15 m
GPE= 5586 J
Kinetic Energy Project
Problem Statement:
1. Design an experiment to test how changing the angle of a ramp affects Kinetic Energy?
2. What is the velocity of a roller coaster at the bottom of the hill?
Hypothesis:
The velocity of the roller coaster will be greatest when it reaches the bottom of the hill, due to the
increased kinetic energy.
Independent Variable:
Velocity
Dependent Variable:
Height
MGH= .5mv2
40.7g(9.8ms/s)(.563364cm)=.5(40.7g)v2
v=3.323
*Use the following angles: 8, 18, 28
Example: Suppose you want to make a ramp with a 23 degree angle. Look up 23 degrees on the Angle
Chart and find the sine (decimal). 20.35
Sin 23 = 0.39
Substitute Sin 23 with 0.39
0.39 = opposite
hypotenuse
Car=40.7g
0.39 = opposite (height of ramp)
180 cm
solve for opposite (height of ramp)
*A ngle Chart
*Include diagrams of the 3 Angles
*Include math examples for determining the angles and KE.
Video Resources:
1. How to solve KE problems: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tryiwu4RhSM
2. PE/KE: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Je8nT93dxGg
3. PE/KE: h ttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BSWl_Zj-CZs
4. PE/KE: h ttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7K4V0NvUxRg
Data Analysis - Write your data analysis paragraph here
In this experiment a car’s final and average velocity were measured from three different angles,
using the formulas GPE=KE and V=D/T. The hypothesis was if the final velocity would be greater
than the average velocity. The three different angles were 8 degrees, 18 degrees and 28 degrees. On
the 8 degree ramp, the car had an average velocity of .69m/s and a final velocity of 1.81m/s. The
18 degree ramp gave the car an average velocity of 1.01m/s and a final velocity of 2.69m/s.
Finally, the ramp with an angle of 28 degrees gave the car an average velocity of 1.74m/s and the
final velocity of 3.31m/s. In conclusion, the hypothesis that the final velocity would be greater
was correct.
Data Analysis Rubric (Self Evaluate)
Lab Rubric - Data Analysis Sections
1 2 3 4
Data/ ____Data is poorly ____Data is ____Data is ___Data is
Observation organized or missing represented in a
s altogether. table or graph, represented in clearly and
but it is
No mention of incomplete or the table or graph accurately
observations there are major
errors. Some with minor represented in a
discussion of
observations errors. More table or graph.
complete Observations
discussion of include
observations. discussion of
both qualitative
and quantitative
observations.
____No conclusion ____Somewhat ____Adequately ____Clearly
Conclusion is written in this explains whether explains whether explains whether
/ report or it is very or not the or not the or not the
Analysis brief. No data is cited. hypothesis was hypothesis was hypothesis was
____No analysis is supported. supported. Data is supported. Data
included or it is ____ Possible cited to support was cited to
extremely brief no sources of error hypothesis. support the
sources of error are are somewhat ____Possible hypothesis.
explained. explained. sources of error ____Possible
____No discussion ____ No are adequately sources of error
of patterns or trends discussion of explained. are clearly
in the data patterns or ____Some explained.
trends discussion of
patterns or trend ____Trends
in the data and Patterns in
the data are
clearly discussed.
Article: Everyday Energy
Read the article and answer the questions.
1.A
2.B
3.D
4.C
5.D
6.A
7.C
8. The Hoover Dam provides power to california and Nevada and Arizona by harnessing the
converted potential energy production of the Hoover Dam.
9.How much water is required downriver from the dam and the water levels of Lake Mead determine
the energy production of the Hoover Dam.
10. Students should communicate that if there is a drought then Lake Mead will have less water if
Lake Mead has less water then there will be less potential energy stored in Lake Mead.If there is less
potential energy,then there will be less kinetic energy created by water flowing through the Hoover
Dam.
FINAL PART - Roller Coaster Physics
Objective:
1. When energy is transformed, the total amount of energy stays constant (is conserved).
2. Work is done to lift an object, giving it gravitational potential energy (weight x height).
The gravitational potential energy of an object moving down a hill is transformed into
kinetic energy as it moves, reaching maximum kinetic energy at the bottom of the hill.
Determine the velocity of a full roller coaster of riders at the bottom of the largest hill. You can
use the following roller coasters:
Watch these Videos for help:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Je8nT93dxGg
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iYEWIuQBVyg
Use either:
GPEt op = KEbottom
1. Cyclone - Coney Island
Height of largest hill -
Mass of Coaster/number of riders -
Velocity at Bottom of Hill in m/s -
2. Pick your own coaster
Height of largest hill
Mass of Coaster/number of riders
Velocity at Bottom of Hill in m/s -
*Write about your results in a paragraph.
More resources:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BSWl_Zj-CZs
Kinetic and Potential Energy
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7K4V0NvUxRg
Kinetic and Potential Energy
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=btLU2lb3-xs
Bill Nye
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-dpBVtAbKJU
Roller Coasters
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iYEWIuQBVyg
1.58 second
1.8 seconds
1.82 seconds
(8)AVE V= .69m/s
GPE=KE
MGH=.5mv2
40.7g(9.8m/s/s)(.563)=20.35
(8 degrees)X= 120* .13917
(8 degrees)X=16.7004
(18 degrees)X= 120* .30902
(18 degrees)X= 37.0824
(28 degrees)X= 120* .46947
(28 degrees)X= 56.3364
GPE=KE
mgh=.5mv2
40.7g(9.8m/s/s)(.167cm)=.5(40.7g)v2
v=1.8091987
GPE=KE
MGH= .5mv2
40.7g(9.8m/s/s)(.370824cm)= .5(40.7g)v2
=20.35
v=2.69
GPE=KE
MGH= .5mv2
40.7g(9.8m/s/s)(.5634)= 20.35
V=3.307
1.17seconds
1.11 seconds
1.27seconds
(18)Ave V= 1.01m/s
.74sec
.68sec
.64sec
(28)AVE V= 1.74m/s
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