succession-jurado

Conditional Testamentary Dispositions .................................... 209
Conditions Which Impair Legitime.......................................... 210
Impossible conditions ........................................................... 211
Absolute conditions not to Contract Marriage................... 217
Condition not to contract first marriage............................. 218
Condition not to contract subsequent marriage ................ 218
Nature of condition when validly imposed......................... 219
Relative Conditions Regarding Marriage........................... 220
Conditions Captatoria .......................................................... 221
Potestative, Casual and Mixed Conditions ........................ 222
Time of fulfilment.................................................................. 223
Rule in negative potestative conditions.............................. 224

Suspensive and Resolutory Conditions ................................... 226
Institution Modal....................................................................... 228

Fulfillment or Compliance ................................................... 228
Manner of Fulfillment or Compliance ..................................... 229
Testamentary Dispositions With a Term................................ 230

Rule if term is suspensive .................................................... 230
Transmissibility of rights.............................................................................. 231
Rule if term is resolutory...................................................... 232
Section 5. Legitime......................................................................... 232
Concept of Legitime................................................................... 232
Kinds of Legitime....................................................................... 234
Compulsory Heirs ..................................................................... 234
Kinds of Compulsory Heirs....................................................... 235
Legitimate children or descendants.................................... 236
Widow or widower................................................................. 236
Illegitimate children ............................................................. 237
Parents or ascendants .......................................................... 239
Legitime of Legitimate Descendants....................................... 242
Rules of division......................................................................... 243
Legitime of Legitimate Ascendants ......................................... 244
Rules of Division ........................................................................ 245
Reserva Troncal; Concept ......................................................... 246
Historical Background.......................................................... 247
Purpose................................................................................... 247
Requisites............................................................................... 248
Nature .................................................................................... 249
Personal Elements ................................................................ 252

Origin of property............................................................. 255
Descendant-propositus .................................................... 256
Ascendant-reservista ....................................................... 260
Reservatarios .................................................................... 262

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Property Subject to Reservation.......................................... 272
Rights of Reservista.............................................................. 273
Obligations of Reservista ..................................................... 274
Rights of Reservatarios ........................................................ 274
When reservatario acquires right; effect ............................ 276
Extinction of Reserva............................................................ 277
Legitime of Surviving Spouse................................................... 284
Alone as a class .......................................................................... 285
With legitimate descendants.................................................... 286
With legitimate ascendants...................................................... 287
With illegitimate children......................................................... 287
Legitime of Illegitimate Descendants...................................... 290
Alone as a class .......................................................................... 290
With legitimate descendants.................................................... 293
With ascendants ........................................................................ 296
With spouse ................................................................................ 296
With legitimate descendants and spouse.................................. 296
With legitimate ascendants and spouse.................................. 300
Transmissibility of rights.......................................................... 301
Legitime of Illegitimate Parents .............................................. 304
Preservation of Legitime........................................................... 304
Effect of impairment.................................................................. 305
Effect of Renunciation or Compromise.................................... 306
Effect of Incomplete Legitime................................................... 308
Effect of Inofficious Testamentary Dispositions..................... 309
Steps in Distribution of Estate If There are Donations......... 310
Gross value of estate............................................................. 314
Debts and charges................................................................. 314
Collation of donations........................................................... 314
Meaning of collation.............................................................. 315
Donations to be collated ....................................................... 315
Imputation ............................................................................. 316
Illustrations ........................................................................... 317
Reduction of Testamentary Dispositions and Donations ..... 320
Procedure for reduction ........................................................ 321
Rules for reduction of devises .............................................. 323
Table of Legitime ....................................................................... 324
Section 6. Disinheritance............................................................... 326
Concept of Disinheritance......................................................... 327
Requisites of Disinheritance..................................................... 327
Imperfect Disinheritance .......................................................... 329
Distinguished from preterition............................................ 329
Effect of imperfect disinheritance ....................................... 331

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Grounds for Disinheritance of Descendants ............................... 333
Grounds for Disinheritance of Ascendants.................................. 336
Grounds for Disinheritance of Spouse ......................................... 341
Effect of Subsequent Reconciliation ............................................. 343
Effects of Disinheritance ................................................................ 343
Section 7. Legacies and Devises......................................................... 344
Concept of Legacies and Devises................................................... 344
Persons Charged With Legacies and Devises............................. 345
345
Extent of Liability ...................................................................... 346
Liability when no one is charged ............................................. 346
Liability for Eviction ....................................................................... 347
Legacy of Things Belonging Partly to Strangers........................ 347
Effect of Partition ....................................................................... 349
Legacy of Things Belonging to Strangers.................................... 350
Legacy of Things Belonging to Legatee ....................................... 351
Effect of acquisition by legatee ................................................. 353
Legacy of a Credit....................................................................... 354
Legacy of Remission of Debts ................................................... 354
Revocation of Legacy.................................................................. 355
Legacy to Creditors .................................................................... 356
Alternative Legacies and Devises............................................ 357
Generic Legacies......................................................................... 358
Generic Devises .......................................................................... 359
Legacy for Education or Support ............................................. 360
When Right to Legacy or Devise Vests ................................... 361
Transmission of Right of Ownership....................................... 361
362
In determinate legacies or devises...................................... 363
In generic legacies and devises............................................ 365
Order of Payment of Legacies and Devises ............................ 372
Effect of Ineffective Legacies or Devises ................................. 373
Revocation of Legacies and Devises.................................... 373
Revocation by transformation ............................................. 374
Revocation by alienation ...................................................... 375
Revocation by loss or destruction........................................
Dispositions in Favor of Relatives............................................

Chapter 3. LEGAL OR INTESTATE SUCCESSION
(Arts. 960-1014) .................................................................................. 377

Section 1. General Provisions............................................................. 377
Concept of Legal or Intestate Succession................................ 377
Causes of Intestacy .................................................................... 378
Other causes of intestacy .......................................................... 379
Order of Intestate Succession................................................... 380

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Rule of preference of between lines.............................. 380
Rules of proximity .................................................................... 381

Exception ............................................................................... 381
Rule of equal division ............................................................. 381

Exceptions ............................................................................. 382
Subsection 1. Relationship .......................................................... 383

Computation of Degrees.......................................................... 384
Effect of Incapacity or Repudiation...................................... 385
Subsection 2. Right of Representation ..................................... 389
Concept of Representation ..................................................... 389
Characteristics ......................................................................... 389
When Representation Takes Place....................................... 390
Representation in Direct Descending Lines....................... 391
Representation in Collateral Line ........................................ 392
Capacity of Representative .................................................... 394
Effect Upon Division of Estate .............................................. 395
Repudiation by Representative ............................................ 399
Effect of Repudiation by Heir ................................................ 400
Section 2. Order of Intestate Succession....................................... 401
Order of Intestate Succession in General ........................... 401
Nature and Basis...................................................................... 403
Subsection 1. Descending Direct Line ...................................... 404
Legitimate Children or Descendants................................... 404
Rules of Division ....................................................................... 405
Legitimate and Illegitimate Children.................................. 407
Subsection 2. Ascending Direct Line ........................................ 414
Legitimate Parents or Ascendants....................................... 414
Rules of Division ....................................................................... 415
Subsection 3. Illegitimate Children .......................................... 415
Illegitimate Children ............................................................... 416
Rules of Division ....................................................................... 416
Right of representation .......................................................... 417
Illegitimate Children and Legitimate Ascendants........... 417
Separation of Legitimate and Illegitimate Families........ 419
Order of Intestacy in Illegitimate Filiation........................ 421

Children or descendants .................................................... 422
Illegitimate parents............................................................. 422
Surviving spouse.................................................................. 422
Brothers and sisters, nephews and nieces..................... 424
Subsection 4. Surviving Spouse ................................................. 425
Surviving Spouse ...................................................................... 425
Surviving Spouse and Legitimate Descendants ................ 426
Surviving Spouse and Legitimate Ascendants .................. 431

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Surviving Spouse and Illegitimate Children...................... 432
Surviving Spouse and Legitimate and Illegitimate

Descendants...................................................................... 432
Surviving Spouse, Legitimate Ascendants

and Illegitimate Children ............................................... 441
Surviving Spouse, Brothers and Sisters, Nephews

and Nieces ......................................................................... 444
Subsection 5. Collateral Relatives ........................................... 445

Collateral Relatives .............................................................. 445
Brothers and sisters......................................................... 446
Brothers and sisters, nephews and nieces..................... 446
Nephews and nieces......................................................... 449
Other colateral relatives.................................................. 451

Subsection 6. The State............................................................. 452
The State..................................................................................... 452
Procedure for escheat .......................................................... 452
Requisites for escheat.......................................................... 453

Table of Intestate Succession....................................................... 454

Chapter 4. PROVISIONS COMMON TO TESTATE
AND INTESTATE SUCCESSIONS (Arts. 1015-1105)......... 458

Section 1. Right of Accretion ............................................................ 458
Concept of Accretion ...................................................................... 458
Conflict of rights ........................................................................ 458
Accretion in Testamentary Succession ...................................... 460
Plurality of subjects, unity of object....................................... 460
Vacancy in inheritance ............................................................ 464
Accretion in Intestate Succession ............................................... 464
Effect of Accretion ......................................................................... 468
Division in case of accretion .................................................... 469
Division in case of conflict of rights ....................................... 470
Transmission of rights and obligations................................. 476
Effect of Compulsory Succession................................................. 477
Effect if Accretion Does Not Take Place ................................... 480

Section 2. Capacity to Succeed by Will or by Intestacy ............... 480
Capacity to Succeed ...................................................................... 481
Requisites.................................................................................... 481
Incapacity to Succeed .................................................................... 481
Capacity of Entities or Associations........................................... 482
Incapacity Based on Undue Influence or Interest...................... 483
Disqualification of priest or minister .................................... 484
Disqualification of guardians.................................................. 485
Disqualification of witnesses................................................... 485

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Disqualification of physician or nurses................................. 486
Incapacity Based on Morality or Public Policy......................... 487

Dispositions for Benefit of Testator’s Soul .......................... 487
Incapacity Due to Unworthiness ................................................ 491
Pardon of Acts of Unworthiness.................................................. 493
Time to Determine Capacity........................................................ 495
Effect of Incapacity Upon Compulsory Heirs ........................... 496
Effect of Acts of Disqualified Heir............................................... 498
Governing Law if Decedent is a Foreigner ............................... 499
Remedy Against Disqualified Heir............................................. 500

Period of prescription................................................................ 501
Section 3. Acceptance and Repudiation of the Inheritance ........ 501

Concept of Acceptance and Repudiation ................................... 501
Characteristics ............................................................................... 501
Effects in general............................................................................ 502
Requisites for Acceptance or Repudiation ................................ 502
Who May Accept or Repudiate ................................................... 503
Manner of Acceptance ................................................................... 506
Manner of Repudiation ................................................................. 506
Effect of Repudiation Upon Creditors........................................ 507
Repudiation as Testamentary or as Legal Heir ...................... 508
Irrevocability of Acceptance or Repudiation............................. 509
Section 4. Executors or Administrators.......................................... 510
Section 5. Collation ............................................................................. 511
Concept of Collation....................................................................... 511
When Collation Shall Not Take Place........................................ 513
Property Left by Will .................................................................... 515
Collation by Representation ........................................................ 516
Donations to Children of Compulsory Heirs............................. 518
Donations to Spouse of Child....................................................... 518
Expenses for Support .................................................................... 518
Expenses for a Career ................................................................... 519
Payment for Debts of Children.................................................... 521
Wedding Gifts ................................................................................ 522

Article applied............................................................................ 522
What Must be Collated ................................................................. 523
Rule for Donations Made by Both Parents ............................... 524
Rules for Equalization of Shares of Heirs ............................... 524
Rules Regarding Fruits and Interests ..................................... 525
Collation in Kind ........................................................................... 526
Section 6. Partition and Distribution of the Estate ................... 527
Subsection 1. Partition................................................................. 527

Concept and Classification of Partition .............................. 527

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Who may Effect Partition ....................................................... 528
Partition by Decedent.............................................................. 529
Partition by Third Person....................................................... 530
Who Can Demand Partition................................................... 531
When partition cannot be demanded................................... 531
Legal Redemption in Favor of Co-Heirs.............................. 533
Subsection 2. Effects of Partition............................................... 534
Subsection 3. Rescission and Nullity of Partition ................ 535
Rescission of Partition Due to Lesion .................................. 535
Effect of Inclusion of Intruder in Partition ...................... 537

Appendix – Provisions of the Family Code that
Affect Laws on Succession.......................................................... 538

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