A1_Supplementary Students_Workbook

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Business English
A1

Grammar Workbook

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Starter

To Be – Questions/Short Answers Personal information
To Be – Negative/Positive Telling Time
Indefinite Articles A/An/The/No Article
Numbers 1-20
Spelling * See Telephoning Handout
Nationalities - Where/From
Question Words – Interrogative Pronouns
Possessive Adjectives He/She/It – 3rd Person Negative
This/That/These/Those Telling Time
There Is/Are I/You/We/They Negative
Present Simple He/She/It – 3rd Person Negative
Present Simple
Present Simple
The Verb “Have”
Some, any, a lot of, much and many
Prepositions of Time
Prepositions o Place/Possessive ‘S’
Modal Verb “can”
Adjectives - Quite/Very
Comparatives& Superlatives

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Present Simple Verb “TO BE”

➔ The VERB “TO BE”

Affirmative form Negative form Interrogative form

I am (I’m) I am not Am I ...?
You are (you’re) You are not (aren’t) Are you...?
He is (he’s) He is not (isn’t) Is he ...?
She is (she’s) She is not (isn’t) Is she ...?
It is (it’s) It is not (isn’t) Is it ...?
We are (we’re) We are not (aren’t) Are we ...?
You are (you’re) You are not (aren’t) Are you ...?
They are (they’re) They are not (aren’t) Are they ...?

My name is Ken Beare and I'm a manager. My address is 19, Green 3
Street and my telephone number is 0587 678 5439. I'm 39 years old and
I'm married. My daughter, Katherine, is two and half years old. My wife,
Barbara, is English. She is a teacher.

Fill in the gaps in this paragraph.

My name ............Mario and I ............a technician. My address ……….
23, York Avenue, and my phone number ................. 896 75097 7854. I
……. 45 and I ……… married. My son, Peter, ........... ten and my
daughter Jane ……… twelve. They …………. wonderful children! My
wife, Giorgia, …………. American.

➔Personal Information

Read the text and look at the verbs in bold. Complete the table.

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My name is Daniel. I am 46 years old. I am a
technical trainer. I am married. My wife’s name
is Anna. We have two children. My son is 22 and
my daughter is 19. They are students. I am from
Scotland. Anna is not from Scotland. She is from
England. Are you married?

Positive Negative Question

I ………… ………… …………
He/She/It ………… ………… …………
You/We/They ………… ………… …………

Complete the text below.

My name ………… Helen. I ………… 32 years old.
I ………… married. My husband’s name …………
Steven. We have a son. His name ………… Mike.
He is 9 years old. I ………… a technical trainer, I
………… a technical trainee.

Practice 4

Jobs
artist
astronaut
businessman
cashier
chef
clown
doctor
farmer
fireman
maid
pilot
plumber
reporter
sailor
scientist
soldier
taxi driver
teacher
truck driver
waiter

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Definite, Indefinite and No Article

➔ The Indefinite Article – A / AN

We use A/AN with:

1. Singular nouns and the first
time we refer to a person,
animal or thing.

• a person
• an elephant
• a television

2. We don't use A/AN with
possessive pronouns,
demonstratives or cardinal
numbers.

• My desk is dirty.
• This car is expensive.
• One person is in the

reception.

3. We use ONE (or more)
instead of A/AN when the
number is important.

• There is only one exit
from the airport.

➔ What is the difference between A and AN?

A is used when the next word begins with a consonant sound (b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k etc).

• a book
• a table
• a clock
• a university (because the beginning of university sounds like YOU-niversity)

AN is used when the next word begins with a vowel sound (a, e, i, o, u).

• an orange
• an elephant
• an umbrella
• an hour (because the H is silent)

➔ The Definite Article – THE 5

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We use THE with: 6
1. A singular or plural noun when it is clear/obvious which person or thing we are talking about.

• There is a lamp in my bedroom. (we mention the lamp for the first time)
• The lamp is next to the desk.

2. Anything which we identify immediately.

• We watched the new Brad Pitt movie last night.

3. Musical instruments (the violin, the guitar, the drums, the flute, the piccolo).

• She plays the piano.

4. Something that is unique or there is only one.

• the sun
• the moon
• the internet.

5. Names of rivers, seas, oceans, mountain ranges and deserts (always in capitals).

• The Mississippi River
• The Black Sea
• The Andes
• The Sahara Desert

6. Directions (cardinal points).

• the west
• the south-east
• the north-west.

➔ No Article

We use no article with:
1. When we refer to general ideas, plurals or uncountable nouns we do not use THE.

• Religion is an important issue. (NOT The religion is an important issue)
• Mexican food is spicy. (NOT The Mexican food is spicy).

2. Names of people, books and plays (unless it is part of the title).

• I have read Romeo and Juliet.

3. Towns, cities, states and countries.

• Cape Town
• Montana
• Vietnam

(Exceptions – The USA, The UK, The Netherlands, The Czech Republic, The Philippines).

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4. Lakes, single islands, continents or 6. Sports or games
mountains.
• soccer
• Lake Victoria • tennis
• Jamaica • skiing
• Asia • monopoly
• Mt Fuji
7. Meals
5. Planets
• breakfast
• Mars • lunch
• Jupiter • dinner
• Saturn • supper

a) Complete the following exercise with a / an or the articles. Put "x" where no article is needed.

According to ______________ National Weather Service, ______________ cyclones

are ______________ areas of circulating winds that rotate counterclockwise

in ______________ Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in ______________ Southern Hemisphere. They

are generally accompanied by some kind of ______________ precipitation and

by ______________ stormy weather. ______________ tornadoes and ______________ hurricanes

are ______________ types of cyclones, as are ______________ typhoons, which are

______________ storms that occur in ______________ western Pacific Ocean. ______________

______________ hurricane is ______________ cyclone that forms over ______________ tropical oceans

and seas and has ______________ winds of at least seventy-four

miles ______________ hour. ______________ hurricane rotates in ______________ shape

of ______________ oval or ______________ circle. ______________ hurricanes can cause

______________ great environmental damage. ______________ Hurricane Andrew, which hit

______________ coasts of Louisiana and southern Florida in August 1992,

caused ______________ extreme devastation. In terms of ______________ environmental

damage, ______________ Hurricane Andrew is one of ______________ most devastating hurricanes

ever to hit ______________ United States. Fourteen people died because of ______________ Andrew's

effects.

b) More examples of a, an or the 7

1-2. We have ______________ beautiful garden. ______________ garden is full of roses.

3-4. Is fencing ______________ popular sport in ______________ world? No, it isn’t.

5. I'd like ______________glass of apple juice please.

6. Can you give me ______________envelope, please?

7. Certainly. Oh! Where’s ______________ envelope?

8. Is there ______________ post office near here?

9. They’re at ______________ cinema.

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10. My colleague is in ______________ classroom.
11. Would you like ______________ drink?
12. Phil has got ______________ new car.
13. What is ______________ manager’s name?
14-15. ______________ office is very cold. Hasn’t it got ______________central heating system?
16. It has, but ______________ central heating doesn’t
work.

➔ NUMBERS, DATES, TELLING THE TIME

1 one 1st first
2 two 2nd second
3 three 3rd third
4 four 4th fourth
5 five 5th fifth
6 six 6th sixth
7 seven 7th seventh
8 eight 8th eighth
9 nine 9th ninth
10 ten 10th tenth
11 twenty 11th eleventh
12 12th twelfth
13 twenty-one 13th thirteenth
14 twenty-two 14th fourteenth
15 twenty-three 15th fifteenth
16 twenty-four 16th sixteenth
17 twenty-six 17th seventeenth
18 twenty-six 18th eighteenth
19 twenty-seven 19th nineteenth
20 twenty-eight 20th twentieth
21 twenty-nine 21st twenty-first
22 thirty 22nd twenty-second
40 forty 23rd twenty-third
50 fifty 24th twenty-fourth
60 sixty 25th twenty-fifth
70 seventy 26th twenty-sixth
80 eighty 27th twenty-seventh
90 ninety 28th twenty-eighth
100 one/a hundred 29th twenty-ninth
101 one hundred and one 30th thirtieth
200 two hundred 40th fortieth
1000 one/a thousand 50th fiftieth
1,000,000 one/a million 60th sixtieth
70th seventieth
80th eightieth
90th ninetieth

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100th one/a hundredth
101st one hundred and first
200th two hundredth
1000th one/a thousandth
1,000,000th one/a millionth

WHAT TIME IS IT, PLEASE?
8.00 It’s eight o’clock
8.05 It’s five past eight
8.10 It’s ten past eight
8.15 It’s a quarter past eight
8.20 It’s twenty past eight
8.25 It’s twenty-five past eight
8.30 It’s half past eight
8.35 It’s twenty-five to nine
8.40 It’s twenty to nine
8.45 It’s a quarter to nine
8.50 It’s ten to nine
8.55 It’s five to nine
9.00 It’s nine o’clock

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You can tell the time in two different ways. Complete the table.

UK Standard Time International
Twelve o’clock Twelve o’clock
Ten past twelve ………… Twelve ten
Quarter past twelve 12:10 …………………………
………………………… 12:15 Twelve twenty-five
Half past twelve 12:25 Twelve thirty
Twenty to one …………………………
………………………… ………… Twelve forty-five
Ten to one 12:40 …………………………
12:45
12:50

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➔ Timetables
a) Train Timetable exercise

1. What time is the first train for Tokyo? 1.

2. What is the train number for the train to Tokyo? 2.

3. what is the platform number for the train for Tokyo? 3.

4. How long is the train journey to Tokyo? 4.

1. What time is the first train for Sapporo? 1.

2. What is the train number for the train to Sapporo? 2.

3. what is the platform number for the train for Sapporo? 3.

4. How long is the train journey to Sapporo? 4.

1. What time is the first train for Nagoya? 1.

2. What is the train number for the train to Nagoya? 2.

3. what is the platform number for the train for Nagoya? 3.

4. How long is the train journey to Nagoya? 4.

1. What time is the first train for Osaka? 1.

2. What is the train number for the train to Osaka? 2.

3. what is the platform number for the train for Osaka? 3.

4. How long is the train journey to Osaka? 4.

1. What time is the first train for Aichi? 1.

2. What is the train number for the train to Aichi? 2.

3. what is the platform number for the train for Aichi? 3.

4. How long is the train journey to Aichi? 4.

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Practice

Write the cardinal numbers as ordinal Write the date as a word.
numbers (in words).
1. Nov 3 → Today is the ______________of November.
1. twelve →______________ 2. Feb 01 → Today is the ______________of February.
2. one → ______________ 3. July 15 → Today is the ______________of July.
3. thirty-five → ______________ 4. April 22 → Today is the ______________of April.
4. ten → ______________ 5. Oct 30 → Today is the ______________of October.
5. two →______________

Titles: write the roman numerals as ordinal numbers in words.

1. Henry VIII → Henry the ______________
2. Elizabeth I → Elizabeth the ______________
3. Louis XIV → Louis the ______________
4. Charles V → Charles the ______________
5. William IV → William the ______________

➔ NATIONALITIES 12

Where are you from?

a. Country: I live in England.

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b. Adjective: He reads English literature.
c. Noun: She is an Englishwoman.

COUNTRY ADJECTIVE NOUN
Africa African an African
America American an American
Argentina Argentinian an Argentinian

Austria Austrian an Austrian
Australia Australian an Australian
Bangladesh Bangladesh(i) a Bangladeshi
Belgium Belgian a Belgian
Brazil Brazilian a Brazilian
Britain British a Briton
Cambodia Cambodian a Cambodian
Chile Chilean a Chilean
China Chinese a Chinese
Colombia Colombian a Colombian
Croatia Croatian a Croat
the Czech Republic Czech a Czech
Denmark Danish a Dane
England English an Englishman/Englishwoman
Finland Finnish a Finn
France French a Frenchman/Frenchwoman
Germany German a German
Greece Greek a Greek
Holland Dutch a Dutchman/Dutchwoman
Hungary Hungarian a Hungarian
Iceland Icelandic an Icelander

India Indian an Indian

Indonesia Indonesian an Indonesian
Iran Iranian an Iranian

Iraq Iraqi an Iraqi

Ireland Irish an Irishman/Irishwoman
Israel Israeli an Israeli

Jamaica Jamaican a Jamaican
Japan Japanese a Japanese

Mexico Mexican a Mexican

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Morocco Moroccan a Moroccan
Norway Norwegian a Norwegian
Peru Peruvian a Peruvian
the Philippines Philippine a Filipino
Poland Polish a Pole
Portugal Portuguese a Portuguese
Rumania Rumanian a Rumanian
Russia Russian a Russian
Saudi Arabia Saudi, Saudi Arabian a Saudi, a Saudi Arabian

Scotland Scottish a Scot
Serbia Serbian a Serb
the Slovak Republic Slovak a Slovak

Sweden Swedish a Swede
Switzerland Swiss a Swiss
Thailand Thai a Thai
The USA American an American
Tunisia Tunisian a Tunisian
Turkey Turkish a Turk
Vietnam Vietnamese a Vietnamese
Wales Welsh a Welshman/Welshwoman
Yugoslavia Yugoslav a Yugoslav

Note: We use the + nationality adjective ending in -ese or -ish with a plural verb, to refer to all
people of that nationality:

The Chinese are very hard-working.
The Spanish often go to sleep in the afternoon.

Write the nationality for each country.
e.g. England / ___________ English

Country Nationality Country Nationality
1) France 6) Britain
2) Spain 7) Spain

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3) Germany 8) Holland
4) Denmark 9) Germany
5) Greece 7) Portugal

➔ Age

Using the verb “TO Be” to talk about age. The most common ways of asking someone’s age is
English is: How old are you? Or How old is your brother/sister?

• I am 35 years old.
• I am 35.
• I am 35 years of age (this is a very formal way of expressing age)
• I am 35 years. (this is incorrect. Use the expression ‘years old’ or ‘years of age’)
• My colleague has two sons aged 10 and 12. (with ‘has’ in the sentence, do not use ‘years’.

‘Aged’ is an adjective in the sentence)
• My colleague has a daughter aged 7. (not 7 years old)
• My colleague has a five-month old baby. (Do not say five months old baby)
• My boss has a twenty-year old daughter. (not ‘a twenty years old daughter’)

Age of things: we can express the age of things in the following ways.

• My company is 40 years old. (not ‘my house is 40’)
• My twenty-eight-year-old air conditioner still runs smoothly. (not twenty years old colleague)
At times, you may not want to reveal your real age. So, you may use certain words that would state

an approximate age.

• Jack is in his early/mid/late twenties.
• Lilly is in her teens. (anywhere between thirteen to

nineteen)
• Most of my colleagues are above/below the age

of forty.
• Jennifer is nearly/almost 40. (not far from being 40

years old)
• Bill is about 45. (around 45 years of age)
• He must be under 30.

Practice 15

1) How old do you think he is? It's difficult to say, he may

be_________________.

2) How old is you colleague?

3) Jack is in his early___________________.

4) The company is over 25 ___________________ ___________________.

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5) My daughter is almost 20 years old, she is ___________________.

Question Words – Interrogative Pronouns

WHO
WHERE
WHAT
WHEN
WHY
HOW
HOW + Adjective
How old are you?
How tall are you?

Write the appropriate question using where, who, why, when and how.

1) ‘__________________ is your boss?’ ‘That officer over there’.
2) ‘__________________ is the canteen open?’ ‘From 12.am to 3 pm.’
3) ‘__________________ are you?’ ‘Very well, thank you.’
4) ‘__________________ do you live?’ ‘In London.’
5) ‘__________________ do you work as an accountant?’ ‘Because I like numbers.’
6) ‘__________________ is on the night shift today?’ ‘The electricians.’
7) ‘__________________ colour is the Italian flag?’ ‘It’s green, white and red.’
8) ‘__________________ is your meeting?’ ‘Tomorrow.’
9) ‘__________________ are you not wearing your protective glasses?’
10) ‘__________________ do you go on holiday?’ ‘To the sea.’

➔ What is the Question?

Write the questions for the following answers and then practise with a partner.

……………………………………………………… My
……………………………………………………..? name is
Stephen
………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………..? .

I’m 28
years
old.

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……………………………………………………… Yes, I’m
……………………………………………………..? married.

……………………………………………………… Her
……………………………………………………..? name is
Susan.
………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………..? John and
Liz.
………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………..? I’m very
well, thanks.

A, an, the, or nothing

Put a, an, the, or nothing in the gaps.

e.g. Madonna is ____a_____ singer.

1) I have _____________ breakfast at eight o’ clock.
2) I read ________________ newspaper every day.
3) Peter goes to _____________school by bus.
4) Can I have _______________ chicken sandwich, please.
5) Please close _____________ window. It’s cold!
6) What time do you go to _______________ bed?
7) Paul Newman is ___________ actor.
8) I like playing volleyball on ___________ beach.
9) Sylvia doesn’t go to work by ______ car.
10) David has ___________ house in London.

Possessive Adjectives

Possessive Adjective tells us that someone
owns (or possesses) something.
My, your, his and her are all possessive
adjectives. We use a possessive adjective
before a noun:
• This is my brother.
• Where is your sister?
• How much is his offer?

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A possessive pronoun also tells us who owns a thing. However, a possessive pronoun is NOT followed
by a noun:

• Whose book is this? Is it yours? yours book
• The blue car is my brother’s; the red car is mine. is my
• I bought the house – it’s mine. mine house

Possessive adjectives, possessive pronouns

Singular

my, mine It's my car. my = possessive adjective
This car is mine. mine = possessive pronoun

your, yours It’s your computer. your = possessive adjective
his, his It’s yours. yours = possessive pronoun

It's his car. his = possessive adjective
It’s his. his = possessive pronoun

her, hers It's her project. her = possessive adjective
its, — It’s hers. hers = possessive pronoun

The animal is feeding its cubs. its = possessive adjective
— no pronoun equivalent

Plural

our, ours This is our office. our = possessive adjective
This office is ours. ours = possessive pronoun

your, yours Your property is beautiful. your = possessive adjective
Which house is yours? yours = possessive pronoun

their, theirs We're going in their car. their = possessive adjective
Is this car theirs? theirs = possessive pronoun
Practice

1. Where is _______ office? We can’t find it. 18

2. Lisa, is that _______ glass on the table?
3. A: What is _______ name? B: My name is Bart.
4. I think this is _______ book. She left it in the meeting room.
5. _______ names are Stuart and Ben. They are my colleagues.

6. He forgot to write _______ name on the document!
7. A: What is your phone number? B: _______ phone number is 283-2156.
8. Did the dog eat all _______ food?
9. The people are crying because they can’t find _______ luggage.

10. Jane and Luisa like _______ new boss.
11. I really like my new company, especially _______ location.

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12. This is a picture of my supplier. He is _______ best supplier now.
13. Tasmania is located near Australia. _______ capital city is Hobart.
14. A: Where is _______ assistant? B: My assistant is at a conference.

The Demonstratives

➔ THIS, THAT, THESE, THOSE

1. Function

The demonstratives this, that, these, those, show where an object or person is in relation to the
speaker.
This (singular) and these (plural) refer to an object or person near the speaker. That (singular) and
those (plural) refer to an object or person further away. It can be a physical closeness or distance
as in:

Who owns that house? (distant)
Is this John's house? (near)

Or it can be a psychological distance as in:

That's nothing to do with me (distant)
This is a nice surprise! (near)

2. Position

a) Before the noun.
b) Before the word 'one'.
c) Before an adjective +
noun.
d) Alone when the noun
is 'understood'.

Examples:

This car looks clean, but that doesn’t.
This old world keeps turning round
Do you remember that wonderful day in June?
I'll never forget this moment.

Fill in the gaps. 19

1) ……………. restaurant is very expensive, but it isn’t very good.
2) Who’s …………… man over there? He’s the Purchasing Manager.
3) Do you know ……………….. gentlemen sitting at the table in the corner?
4) ……………… shoes are mine. I have just polished them.
5) Mr. Graham, …………… is my wife, Mary.

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THERE IS / THERE ARE

Affirmative form Negative form Interrogative form

There is There isn’t Is there...?
There are There aren’t Are there...?

Complete the sentences with There is, Is there, There are or Are there.

1) How many people ____________________________ in the class?
2) _________________________ a dictionary in the library?
3) _______________________ 15 students in the class.
4) ___________________________ any policemen here.
5) _______________________ a good restaurant near here.

➔ Numbers Quiz

Use the numbers in the box and your own knowledge to complete the sentences as quickly as
possible. Check your answers with a partner.

112 21 2.2 1,609 3,600

1. There are ………………… days in the year. 20
2. There are ………………… elements in the periodic table.
3. There are ………………… chairs in the room.
4. There are ………………… letter in the English alphabet.
5. There are ………………… seasons in the year.
6. There are ………………… seconds in an hour.
7. There are ………………… inches in a foot.
8. There are ………………… meters in a mile.
9. There are ………………… electrical sockets in the room.
10. There are ………………… corners in a cube.
11. There are ………………… corners in a pyramid.
12. There are ………………… months in a decade.
13. There are ………………… elements in pure water.
14. There are ………………… consonants in the English alphabet.
15. There are ………………… grams in a pound.
16.

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How many days There
are there in a are …
year?

Do the following numbers mean anything in your country?
a) 7 - …………………………………………………………………………………..
b) 9 - …………………………………………………………………………………..
c) 13 - …………………………………………………………………………………
d) 18 - …………………………………………………………………………………
e) 21 - …………………………………………………………………………………
f) 33 - …………………………………………………………………………………

Practice

Vocabulary Building + “There is / There are” ➔ What’s in the office? – Label the vocabulary below

coat rack mailbox message Employer storage file cabinet
office supply board boss room conference
coat typist file

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water room closet copier clerk room
cooler office mailroom reception postage
secretary manager coffee machine/postage
computer receptionist machine area
waste workstation copy workstation office meter
receptacle soda assistant
machine machine whiteboard/ supply
dry erase conference cabinet
table
administrative storage employee board coffee
assistant cabinet lounge cart

The Present Simple Tense

We use it when the action is: • Something you think or feel

• Something regular, a habit or I hate long walks!

something which is part of a • Regular times and schedules

routine My flight leaves at 10 p.m.

I live in Paris. 22

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To make the negative and I don’t / do not agree with you.
interrogative forms use do/does. She doesn’t / does not listen to
Do you want to stop and ask for anyone’s advice.
information? Remember that you must add –s to 3rd
Does she like travelling as much as person singular!
you?

Affirmative Negative Interrogative
I travel I don’t travel Do I travel?
You don’t travel Do you travel?
You travel He/she/it doesn’t travel Does he/she/it travel?
He/she/it travels We don’t travel Do we travel?
You don’t travel Do you travel?
We travel They don’t travel Do they travel?
You travel
They travel

Make the following sentences negative and interrogative.

e.g.

She speaks French. She doesn’t speak French. Does she speak French?

1) The bus station is on the left. ____________________ ____________________?

2) We are lost. ____________________ _____________________?

3) They have a map. ____________________ _____________________?

4) She watches many films. ____________________ ___________________?

5) The museum closes at 5. ____________________ _____________________?

6) They serve breakfast from 7 to 9. ____________________ ____________________?

7) We go abroad every summer. ____________________ ____________________?

8) You need to take the bus. ____________________ ____________________?

9) She likes sightseeing. _____________________ ____________________?

10) He thinks English is difficult. _____________________ ____________________?

Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in brackets in the Simple Present tense: 23

e.g. I …………. English (be).
I am English.

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1) The train station ……………. (be) a 10-minute walk straight ahead. 24
2) The bank …………… (open) at 9 Monday to Friday.
3) The Post Office ……………….…… (not close) until 3 p.m.
4) Susan ……………… (not like) that café. She says the staff is rude.
5) ……………………. (you have got) a waterproof jacket with you?
6) Where ………………(be) the nearest taxi rank?
7) The underground ………………. (take) you right in front of the museum.
8) …………………. (you know) where we can buy tickets for the opera?
9) You ………………. (not have) the right address, this street name doesn’t exist.
10) I ………………. (not know) where to go tonight. Do you have any suggestions?

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Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.

I ________________ (have) two brothers, Simon and Chris. They ______________(live) in London. Simon
___________(be) a pilot and Chris _________________(work) in a garage. Simon _________________(like)
flying but Chris ________________________ (not like) travelling by plane. At weekends I
__________________ (go) to London and me _________________(stay) with them. We
_________________(go) to the theatre or to the cinema on Saturday evening, and on Sunday we
__________________(walk) in Hyde Park.

Present Simple (affirmative)
Fill in the gaps with a suitable verb.
Example
She plays tennis every day.
a) My daughter ________________French and German.
b) His father’s a pilot. He ________________all over the world.
c) Air Hostesses _____________________in hotels a lot.
d) Stephanie ____________________to work by bus.
e) He ________________television every evening.

Complete the sentences with the correct form of a verb from the box

fly play live teach have speak drink give

1) My sister works in France. She _____________ English in Paris. 25
2) He __________ breakfast at half past seven.
3) My son ____________________ tennis every week.
4) My friend ______________ three languages.
5) My sister is a flight attendant. She ___________ to hundreds of cities.
6) We ________________ in Turin.
7) I ______________ a lot of Coke.
8) On birthdays my friends usually ______________ me presents.

Present Simple (negative)
Make the sentences negative.

Example
I/not like skiing. I don’t like skiing.

1) They / not/live /Scotland
________________________________________________________________________

2) He / not /write /letters every day
________________________________________________________________________

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3) We / not /have /a car
________________________________________________________________________

4) Eric and Lynn / not /like getting up.

_______________________________________________________________________

5) It / not /cost / 50p.
________________________________________________________________________

Present Simple (interrogative) 26
Write questions for these answers.
e.g. Where does he work? He works in a language school.

1) __________________________________________________________________________?
They get up at 6.30.

2) __________________________________________________________________________?
She speaks Spanish and Portuguese.

3) __________________________________________________________________________?
I live in Manchester.

4) __________________________________________________________________________?
We finish the lesson at school at 6 pm.

5) __________________________________________________________________________?
She has coffee and toast.

➔ Word Order

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Put the words in the correct order.

Example: you from are where

Where are you from?

1) do at what weekends you do
___________________________________________________________________?

2) work she does where
___________________________________________________________________?

3) a television there photo is the on
____________________________________________________________________

4) near there chemist’s a is here
____________________________________________________________________?

5) Coke please I a can have
____________________________________________________________________?

6) children how they do have many
_____________________________________________________________________?

7) skiing in Hans Switzerland teaches
_____________________________________________________________________?
8) any is milk the there fridge in

_____________________________________________________________________?
9) not work Rosy go by does to car

______________________________________________________________________
10) Sue going Dave and the opera like to

______________________________________________________________________
What does she do? ➔ Choose a verb & put it in the correct space.

live not eat go be study get up not
finish eat
love not like finish start have visit_____________in
stay want
work fly

Philippa Robbins is a secretary and she ____________________ Spanish after work. She a flat in Oxford.
Every day she ____________at 6.30 and ___________ three cups of coffee. She______________________
anything for breakfast.
She _________________work in her office at 8 am, and she ________________until lunchtime. She usually
_______________work at 6.pm, but sometimes she _______________until 10.00. In the evening she often
___________ in a restaurant, because she_____________ cooking. Every winter she and her husband
_____________to Kenya. They _____________ in a friend’s house for two weeks. They never _______ to go
back to Oxford, because they ___________ hot weather!
Do, does, is, or are?

Choose a verb & put it in the correct space. 27

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Do/don’t does/doesn’t is/isn’t are/aren’t

Example
He’s a vegetarian – he doesn’t eat meat.

1) She ________want a pizza – she__________ hungry.
2) ________________the museum close at 5.00?
3) ________________ you know how much a cup of coffee___________?
4) I _________________ know where they ________________________ from, but they _____________

English.
5) We ________________ want to go to London, but they ____________________
6) I ______________ think the bank _____________ open today.
7) ______________ Stephanie know where the meeting ______________?
8) Where ____________ Chris and Mike?

‘Do’ is an auxiliary verb – it is used to help the main verb of a sentence in negative sentences and
questions.

I like my job She likes her job.
I don’t like my job She doesn’t like her job.
Do I like my job? Does she like her job?

Complete the text using the correct form of the verbs.

want like have work (x2) spend

Susan ………………………… a degree in electrical engineering but she ………………………… as an
electrical engineer. She ………………………… as a maintenance technician but she
………………………… her job and ………………………… to get a job in her speciality. She
………………………… a lot of time studying electrical engineering manuals.

Now, use the same verbs to write six sentences about yourself or your class colleagues.

1) ………………………………………………………………………………………
2) ………………………………………………………………………………………
3) ………………………………………………………………………………………
4) ………………………………………………………………………………………
5) ………………………………………………………………………………………
6) ………………………………………………………………………………………

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The Verb “Have” - Have / Have Got

Affirmative Negative Interrogative
I have I don’t have Do I have?
You have You don’t have Do you have?
He/she/it has He/she/it doesn’t have Does he/she/it have?
We have We don’t have Do we have?
You have You don’t have Do you have?
They have They don’t have Do they have?

Affirmative Negative Interrogative
I have got I haven’t got Have I got...?
You have got You haven’t got Have you got ...?
He/she/it has got He/she/it hasn’t got Has he/she/it got...?
We have got We haven’t got Have we got ...?
You have got You haven’t got Have you got ...?
They have got They haven’t got Have they got ...?

Complete the sentences with have/have got.
1) They ................some coffee in the morning.
2) He …............ got lots of friends.
3) I'm busy, I ................... got a lot of time.
4) This apartment is great, it's ......................a lot of space.
5) What have you ................... in your bag? Just a camera.
6) Do you ….............a passport?
7) Have you .....................a driving licence?
8) We …..................got no money.
9) They don't .........................foreign clients, but they've ............................a lot of Italian ones.
Do, does, have, or has?
Put a verb from the box into each gap.

Do/don’t does/doesn’t has/hasn’t have/haven’t

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Example
He hasn’t got any CDs.

1) A. We _____________ got any money.
B. That’s OK, I _______________ some.

2) A. _________ you ___________ any paper?
B. Yes, I ___________.

3) A. _____________ you got any brothers and sisters?
B. Yes, I ____________, two sisters.

4) A. Cathy _________________ lunch in the canteen, she prefers to go home.
B. Oh, I ___________. The food is good!

5) A. Peter _________________ got a company car. And I _______________ one either!

➔ How Are You?

There are five mistakes in the dialogue below. Correct the mistakes and practise the conversation
within a group. Stephen introduces Mike to Dave at a party.

Stephen: Hi, Dave. Dave: No, I do.
Dave: Good night Stephen. How are you? Stephen: Dave, this is Mike. Mike, this is Dave.
Stephen: Thanks. And you? Mike: Please to meet you.
Dave: I very well, thanks. Dave: Pleased to meet you too.
Stephen: Do you know Mike?

The expressions in the box are all possible answers to the question: How are you? Put them in the
correct column.

Excellent Not so bad Alright Can’t complain Fine
Okay Very well Awful Terrible Wonderful
So-so 50-50 Surviving
Not so good Marvellous

☺

SOME, ANY, A LOT OF, MUCH and MANY 30

Read the explanation regarding ‘some’, ’any’, ‘a lot of’, ‘much’ and ‘many’.

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• We use some and any to refer to an indefinite quantity or number, when it isn’t important to say
exactly how much /how many are we thinking of.

I need to buy some new clothes. Vs I need to buy two new jackets.
Is there any coke left? Vs Is there a can of coke left?
• SOME is used in affirmative sentences.

I’d like to have some information about your hotel.
*It can be used in interrogative sentences when we expect the people to say ‘yes’ to our

question or to encourage them to say ‘yes’. So, it is mainly used in offers and requests.
Could you give me some information about your hotel?

• ANY is used in negative and interrogative sentences.
Are there any boutiques around here?
There aren’t any boutiques around here.

• It can be used in affirmative sentences after words that have a negative meaning (never, without,
hardly, little) or when the word that follows it is not important.
There were hardly any tourists around early this morning.
Any road you take from here will lead you to the city centre.

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Affirmative sentences
Questions when we expect a ‘yes’ answer ANY in:
Negative and interrogative sentences
Affirmative
• After negative words (never, hardly...)
• When the word that follows is not important.

The compounds of some and any follow the same rules.

Someone Anyone None
Nobody
Somebody Anybody Nothing
Nowhere
Something Anything No time

Somewhere Anywhere

Sometimes Any time

• We use a lot of, much and many to express the idea of a big, even if not a precise, quantity.
I have many stamps, I collect them. Vs I have 5324 stamps, I collect them.

Much is used with uncountable nouns (e.g. information, bread) in interrogative and negative
sentences.
Many is used with plural countable nouns (e.g. book) in affirmative, negative and interrogative
sentences.
A lot of can substitute much or many. It is always used with uncountable nouns in affirmative
sentences.

Uncountable nouns Affirmative Negative Interrogative
Countable nouns a lot of much much

a lot of/many A lot of/many a lot of/many

Complete the sentences with a, an some or any. 33
1) There isn’t ___________ sugar left.
2) We would like _________ bread, please.
3) I’d like ___________ cup of coffee.
4) There are _________ biscuits if you want them.
5) Is there ________ optician in this town?
6) Is there ___________ milk in the fridge?
7) Would you like ___________ sugar in your coffee?
8) I’d like ___________ fruit, please.
9) Can I have _____________ Coke?

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10) There aren’t ___________ plates in the cupboard.
11) There isn’t ________ art gallery in this town.
12) I can’t find __________ bread!
13) Here are _________ biscuits.

Fill in the gaps using some, any or one of their compounds.
1) We haven’t got _________bread. I’d better go to the supermarket and get __________ then.
2) ‘Would you like _______biscuits?’ ‘Oh, no thanks, I don’t want ________ to eat at the moment’.
3) There’s __________ at the door. Are you expecting ______visitors?
4) I’m looking for _____ matches, but I can’t find _______.
5) There is ________ interesting on TV tonight. Shall we go to the cinema?
6) There is _______ time left. We have to go right now.
7) ‘Are you doing _________ special at the weekend?’ ‘I’d like to go __________ in the countryside.
8) Can I have _______ salt please? These carrots are tasteless.
9) ‘What colours are these phones available in?’ ‘Oh, we do them in a lot of different ones, you

can have ________ colour.
10) Do you know ________ who lives in New York?

➔ How much and How many

Much is used with uncountable words; many is used with countable words! A lot of can substitute
many and much. Remember, do not use much in affirmative sentences, it is preferable to use a lot
of.

Fill in the gaps with How much and How many.
1) …………………………….. money have you got?
2) ………………………. books are there?
3) I don’t know ……………………………. sugar we have left.
4) …………………….. bombs are there?
5) I’m not sure …………………… time we have.
6) Do you know ………………………………. people there are in the room?
7) There isn’t …………………………. snow in the mountains, but there are……………………. tourists.
8) Could you send me as ………………………? information as possible?

Prepositions

Find the prepositions of place and movement in the letters below and use them to describe where
the sphere is.

oninoverabovebelowunderbetweeninfrontofbehindnexttoinside

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PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE a) …………… b) …………… c) …………… d) ……………

e) …………… f) …………… g) …………… h) ……………

i) …………… j) …………… k) ……………

intooutofacrossthrough

PREPOSITIONS OF MOVEMENT c) …………… b) ……………

a) …………… d) ……………

➔ PREPOSITIONS OF TIME

ON IN AT
Days + dates time
Months + seasons + years +
Sunday (Sun.) parts of the day 8 o’clock
Monday (Mon.) January (Jan.) 8.15 (a quarter past eight)
Tuesday (Tue.) February (Feb.) 8.30 (eight thirty)
Wednesday (Wed.) March (Mar.) Breakfast/lunch/dinner
Thursday (Thurs.) April (Apr.) Midday/midnight
Friday (Fri.) May The end of the day/month/year
Saturday (Sat.) June
July
August (Aug.)

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+ date (25th April) September (Sep.)
+ day (Christmas Day) October (Oct.)
November (Nov.)
December (Dec.)

Seasons At night
Spring/summer/autumn/winter
Years: 1995, 2001,
Parts of the day: in the morning

In the afternoon
In the evening

Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition of time.

1) We get up ________________ 7 o’ clock.
2) My birthday is _______________ 5th July.
3) The exam is _____________ October.
4) We study ______________ the morning.
5) We rest ___________________ the weekend.

➔ PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE

In (inside) At On To (movement)

In a building At the bus stop On the floor/1st floor Go to a place (the
bank, the cinema…)
In a city At the traffic lights On the phone Drive to a place
In the mountains At the door On the beach Fly to a place
At the seaside
In a queue At the bottom/top On the map Walk/come to a place
In a newspaper At the train On the left/right Been to
station/airport On the corner
In bed At home On holiday BY
In the sun/shade At the till On a trip/tour By + a means of
On foot transport
In a garden At the bank On TV/the radio By car/bus/train/…
In a country At the On strike By credit card/cheque
restaurant/cinema

Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition 36

1) The books are _____________ the table.

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2) We have the lesson _______________ a big room.
3) We go __________ work ___________ bus.
4) Planes land __________ the airport.
5) I must go ______ a chemist. Where’s the nearest one?
6) Where is the post office? _______the left.
7) In most countries you drive ____the right.
8) She spends all day sitting ____the window.
9) I changed my money ______the bank.
10) I prefer to travel _______bus to going _______foot.
11) Do you take sugar ____your coffee?
12) There is an interesting article ______the newspaper today.
13) What time do you expect to arrive _____London?
14) I hope to arrive ___the hotel at 8 o’clock.
15) Is Peter _______home? No, I’m sorry. Can you phone later?
16) Where is the escalator? It is _________the end of the corridor.
17) I don’t have any cash on me, can I pay _______ cheque?
18) What is Susan doing these days? She is ______ holiday.
19) I cannot find the road you said _____ the map. Are you sure it is the right address?
20) There’s a fantastic ice-cream shop just _____ the corner. Do you fancy an ice-cream?

Complete the text with in, with, at, on or of.
Alison is a policewoman. She lives (1) _________ Liverpool and works (2) _________Penny Lane police
Station. She’s married and lives (3) __________ her husband and two children. She always has a photo
(4) _____________ the children in her bag.
Her husband works __________ (5) Sony and is an engineer.
At the moment they are ________ (6) holiday _________ (7) Spain.
They are staying (8) ________a hotel (9) ___________ a swimming pool because sometimes the sea is
dirty. They are returning ____________ Sunday.

Complete the text with in, with, at, on or of.

I live ___________ London. My house is __________ the centre __________ the city. I work _____________
an international firm. I’m __________ work now.
My husband Dave is a teacher. Our children go to his school. He’s __________ school now _________
our children. They are ___________ class 5 but Dave isn’t their teacher. My parents are __________
holiday _____________ Paris now. We have a photo _________ the Eiffel Tower from them. They like
Paris very much.
Office Vocabulary Practice

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Where is_______________?

computer desk in-tray unit file notebook wastebasket
keyboard
drawer filing cabinet desktop swivel chair telephone out-tray
drawer monitor organizer

label

The Present Continuous Tense

We use it to express:
• Something that is happening at the moment of speaking.
Please do not disturb me! I am listening to the guide’s explanations about that
painting.
• Something which is happening in this period, but it is not a normal situation, but a
temporary activity
She usually works in the London branch, but at present she is helping her Spanish
colleagues in Madrid with the new program.
• Something you have arranged to do in the future

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I am seeing my parents next week
• Some verbs are almost never used in the continuous form. They are mostly used to

express feelings, mental activity and perceptions
(like/love/hate/know/understand/want/see/hear/seem). The verb to be cannot be used
with a future meaning.

Affirmative Negative Interrogative
I am travelling I am not travelling Am I travelling?
You are travelling You aren’t travelling Are you travelling?
He/she/it is travelling He/she/it isn’t travelling Is he/she/it travelling?
We are travelling
You are travelling We are travelling Are we travelling?
They are travelling
You aren’t travelling Are you travelling?

They aren’t travelling Are they travelling?

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Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in brackets in the Present Continuous tense.

e.g. I …………………. (go) to Paris this summer.
I am going to Paris this summer.

1) We ……………(leave) for Paris at the moment, can I call you later?
2) Mr Swanson ………………. (take) a picture of the family right now.
3) ………………… (you consider) my proposal? Holland is fantastic in springtime.
4) Why is she so quiet? She ……………………….... (write) postcards.
5) ............... we ……. ……….……. (not spend) a lot of money on this trip?
6) He ………………. (not travel) much these days. He wants to spend time with his children.
7) She ……………(try) on her new pair of sunglasses. What do you think of them?
8) I ………………. (look for) a chemist. Can you tell me if there is one near here?

Decide whether the verb is used with a present or future meaning. Future
Present
e.g. I’m moving to a new house in June.
We are looking at the biggest square in town: spectacular isn’t it?

1) They are playing our song on the radio.
2) She is taking 2 weeks off and planning to go to Australia.
3) I’m changing the film. The camera will be ready in a minute.
4) They are leaving for good. Should we organise a goodbye party?
5) I’m packing the rucksack. Is there anything else you want to put in?

Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Simple or Present Continuous tense.
Complete the sentences putting the verb in brackets into the correct form, Simple present or

Present Continuous.

1) I don’t understand/I’m not understanding how to get to the motorway from here. 40
2) She goes/is going to the beach: if you hurry, you can still reach her.
3) We visit/are visiting the historical sites today. Do you want to come with us?
4) He phones/is phoning home every day.
5) They want/are wanting to spend the night in this hotel.
6) Buses run/are running all night long in this city.
7) We go/are going to eat. Could you recommend a good restaurant?
8) He queues/is queuing to buy the entry tickets.
9) She asks/is asking for the price of the room.
10) She always buys/is buying her flight tickets online.

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Modal Verbs

➔ CAN

We use it to express:
• Ability

I can speak English and French
• Permission

Can I leave the luggage at the reception?

• Request (Could is also possible in this context)
Can you please tell me the way to the train station?

Affirmative Negative Interrogative
You can go to town by bus You can’t go to town by bus Can I go to town by bus?

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Choose the correct answer (can or can't)

1. I_____________ speak Spanish. I picked it up while I was in Spain.
2. I _____________ come to the meeting. I am really busy.
3. We _____________ hear you. The volume is so loud.
4. Where are my reports? I _____________find them.
5. I _____________ believe it. We won two million euros.
6. We _____________ meet tomorrow if you want.
7. _____________ make me a cup of coffee, please?
8. He ____________ run. His leg hurt so much.
9. Illiterate people _____________ read and write.
10. Fish _____________swim.

Adjectives

What is an adjective? Simply put, an adjective describes or modifies a noun. It provides further
information about a noun, indicating things like size, shape, color, and more. Adjectives can also
modify pronouns. They answer questions like, "Which one?," "How many?," "Whose?," and "What kind?"

So…they are “Information Gatherers”

Adjectives provide further information about an object's size, shape, age, color, origin or material.
Here are some examples of adjectives in action:

It's a big table. (size) It's a round table. (shape)

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It's an old table. (age) It's a lovely table. (opinion)

It's a brown table. (color) It's a broken table. (observation)

It's an English table. (origin) It's a coffee table. (purpose)

It's a wooden table. (material)

Also, when an item is defined by its purpose, that word isn't usually an adjective, but it acts as one
with the noun in that situation.

coffee table hunting cabin

pool hall baseball player

Practice

Circle the Correct Picture for the Adjective 7. poor
1. warm

8. painful

2. strong

9. old

3. slow

10. noisy

4. sleepy

11. hungry

5. scary

12. heavy

6. rich

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13. handsome 21. dangerous
14. full
15. sick 22. cute
16. fat
17. fast 23. cool
18. far
19. famous 24. cold
20. difficult
25. busy

26. bad

27. angry

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Practice

angry disgusted happy in love shy bored exhausted hot sad sleepy cold frustrated
hungry scared surprised

Comparatives & Superlatives

➔ Adjectives

• If adjectives have only one syllable, we add ER for comparatives and EST for superlatives.

small smaller smallest
big bigger biggest
cheap cheaper cheapest

• If adjectives have two syllables and end in - er, - le, - ow or- y, the comparative and the
the superlative forms are formed exactly in the same way.

clever cleverer cleverest
simple simpler simplest
narrow narrower narrowest
funny funnier funniest

• Other two-syllable adjectives and those with more than two syllables are preceded by more, for
comparatives, and by most for superlatives.

interesting more interesting most interesting
compact more compact most compact

• After comparatives we always use THAN.

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My new boss works harder than my previous one.
This problem is more difficult than that one.

• Before superlatives we always use the article THE.

This is the highest salary I’ve ever had.
He is the most boring person I’ve ever met.

Irregular comparatives and superlatives

good Better…than The best
Bad Worse…than The worst
Little Less…than The least
Old Older…than The oldest
Elder….than* The eldest*
Far Farther…than The farthest
Further…than* The furthest

*Foot note: old elder ... than the eldest

these forms are used to talk about members in a family.

Example: Tom is the eldest in the family.

But: My brother is older than me.

My elder brother works for IBM.

We use elder only before a noun.

Far further ... than the furthest

these forms are also used when they mean other, extra.

Example: For further information you can call this number 89 65 334.

The most More
relaxed? relaxed?

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Adverbs:

• If adverbs have one syllable, we add ER for comparatives and EST for superlatives.

fast faster ... than the fastest

• Adverbs ending in - ly take more ... than for comparatives and the most for superlatives.

Example: clearly more clearly than the most clearly

Irregular comparatives and superlatives:

well better ... than the best
badly worse ... than the worst

• Equal comparatives are formed by “as + adjective / adverb + as”.

This shop is as expensive as that one.
She speaks English as fluently as me.

• The negative is formed by “as + adjective/ adverb + as” OR “so + adjective / adverb + as “

Their trade deficit isn’t as / so high as ours.
She doesn’t speak English as / so fluently as I do.
Footnote: In modern English “as ...as” is preferred to “so ...as”.

• As much ........... as is used with uncountable nouns.

I have as much money as you.

• As many ............ as is used with countable nouns.

They have as many friends as we have.

Fill in the missing words in the chart.

Adjective/adverb Comparative Superlative

Big Bigger The biggest
Large The largest
Near Nearer
The liveliest
Old Healthier

Lively More cosmopolitan
Cosmopolitan
better
Expensive worse
Good

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Far

Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the adjective in brackets.

e.g. Our turnover ……………………. (high) than yours.
Our turnover is higher than yours.

1) This is the (bad) .................... weather I’ve ever had on a holiday!
2) The Hotel Manager is (kind) ..............…. than the other people who work in the hotel.
3) That store’s prices are the (exorbitant) ............. ............ we’ve ever been charged.
4) My digital camera is (recent) ..................... than yours.
5) This is the (good) .................... restaurant in town.
6) This T-shirt is not ……………(good) quality as the other one.
7) This exchange rate is ………………(high) it has been so far.
8) The new mall outside town is ………………. (big) in this area.
9) This shop window is ……………. (nice) than the one we have just passed by.
10) The queue at this till is ………………(long) than that one, let’s move over there.

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