Vedanta Excel in Mathematics Books 4 Final (2079)

Decimal and Percent

(i) Is 0.1 (one-tenth) same as to 0.10 (ten-hundredths)?

(ii) Is 0.2 (two-tenths) same as to 0.20 (twenty-hundredths)?
(iii) Is 0.5 (five-tenths) same as to 0.50 (fifty-hundredths)?

c) Can we say 0.3 = 0.30 = 0.300? Discuss with your teacher.

d) Can we say 0.4 = 0.40 = 0.400? Discuss with your teacher.

6.5 Conversion of a decimal number into a fraction
Classwork - Exercise

Let's say and write the fractions of the tenths and hundredths of these
decimals. Then, reduce the fractions to their lowest terms.

1. a) 0.2 = 21 = 1 0.2 = two-tenths = 2 0.2
105 5 10
1
5

b) 0.3 = c) 0.4 = = d) 0.5 = =

e) 0.6 = = f) 0.7 = = g) 0.8 = =

2. a) 0.05 = 51 = 1 5 In 0.05, there are two digits
10020 20 100 after decimal. So, write
0.05 = five-hundredths = 100 in the denominator!

b) 0.02 = c) 0.03 = = d) 0.04 = =

e) 0.06 = = f) 0.25 = = g) 0.75 = =
=
3. a) 1.4 = 1 42 = 1 2 1.4 = 1 whole number and four-tenths
105 5
c) 1.3 = = d) 1.4 =
b) 1.2 = =

e) 1.5 = = f) 1.6 = = g) 1.7 = =

In this way, to convert a decimal number into a fraction, we write the decimal
number in the fraction of tenths or hundredths . Then, the fraction is reduced
to the lowest terms.

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Decimal and Percent

6.6 Conversion of a fraction into a decimal number

Classwork - Exercise

Let's convert these fractions into the fractions with the denominator 10 or
100. Then, write the decimals of tenths or hundredths.

1. a) 1 = 1 × 5 = 5 = 0.5 Numerator and denominator of 1 are multiplied by 5 to
2 2 × 5 10 2
get the fraction with the denominator 10.

b) 1 1 = 115 × 2 = 1120 = 1.2 →
5 × 2
1 1 1.2
5
= =
c) 51 = 1 × = = d) 2 = 2 ×
5 × 5 5 ×

e) 1 1 = 121 × = = f) 2 4 = 254 × = =
2 × 5 ×

2. a) 41 = 1 × 25 = 25 = 0.25 Numerator and denominator of 1 are multiplied by 25
4 × 25 100 4
to get the fraction with the denominator 100.

b) 2230 = 2230××55 = 211050 = 2.15

c) 34 = 3 × = = 0.75 d) 7 = 7× = =
4 × 20 20 ×

e) 1245 =1425×× = = f) 2590 = 2590×× = =

In this way, to convert a fraction into a decimal, we should write the fraction
in tenths or hundredths by making the denominator 10 or 100.

6.7 Addition and subtraction of decimal numbers

Let's learn about the addition and subtraction of decimal numbers from the
given illustrations.

It is a block of 10 small cubes.
1
0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0 .1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Each cube is 10 = 0.1 of the block.

0.2 2 cubes of the block of 10 cubes 0.1 0.1

+ 0.3 3 cubes of the block of 10 cubes 0.1 0.10.1

0.5 5 cubes of the block of 10 cubes

0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

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Decimal and Percent

Let's subtract 0.5 – 0.2

0.1 0.1 0.10.1 0.1 from 0.5 take away 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 = 0.1 0.1 0.1
0.5
0.5 – 0.2 0.3

0.5 from 5 cubes of the block of 10 cubes

– 0.2 take away 2 cubes

0.3 3 cubes are left

Let's learn more about addition and subtraction of decimal numbers from
the following examples:

Example 1: Add a) 0.7 + 0.5 b) 0.4 + 0.35

Solution

a) 0.7 7 cubes + 5 cubes

+ 0.5 1 = 12 cubes
1.2 = 1 block of 10 cubes and 2 more cubes
= 1.2

0.2

b) 0.4 0.40 Total of 75 parts
out of 100 parts
+ 0.35 + 0.35 = 0.75
0.75

Example 2: Subtract a) 1.4 – 0.6 b) 0.9 – 0.54

Solution

a) 1.4 from 14 cubes
1.4

– 0.6 – 0.6 take away 6 cubes

0.8 0.8 cubes are left

b) 0.90 0.9 from 9 tenths = 90 hundredths
0.9 – 0.54 take away 54 hundredths
– 0.54 0.36 36 hundredths are left
– 0.54 0.36


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Decimal and Percent

Exercise - 6.2

Section A - Classwork

1. Let's say and write the fractions of these decimal numbers as quickly
as possible.

a) 0.3 = b) 0.7 = c) 0.9 = d) 1.1 =

e) 0.03 = f) 0.07 = g) 0.09 = h) 0.13 =

2. Let's say and write the decimal numbers of these fractions.

a) 130 = b) 7 = c) 1110 = d) 2190 =
10

e) 3 = f) 7 = g) 11090 = h) 211030 =
100 100

3. Let's say and write the sums as quickly as possible.

a) 0.4 + 0.2 = b) 0.5 + 0.3 = c) 0.4 + 0.3 =

d) 1.2 + 0.2 = e) 1.6 + 0.1 = f) 2.5 + 1.2 =

g) 0.03 + 0.02 = h) 0.05 + 0.04 = i) 1.06 + 0.02 =

4. Let's say and write the differences as quickly as possible.

a) 0.6 – 0.2 = b) 0.8 – 0.3 = c) 0.7 – 0.4 =

d) 1.4 – 0.2 = e) 1.4 – 1.2 = f) 3.9 – 1.5 =

g) 0.05 – 0.03 = h) 0.09 – 0.05 = i) 1.08 – 0.06 =

5. Let's say and write the missing decimal numbers as quickly as possible.

a) 0.2 + = 0.5 b) 0.4 + = 0.6 c) 0.3 + = 0.8

d) 0.05 + = 0.07 e) 0.06 + = 0.09 f) 0.04 + = 0.06

g) 0.4 – = 0.1 h) 0.7 – = 0.3 i) 0.9 – = 0.4

j) 0.05 – = 0.03 k) 0.06 – = 0.02 l) 0.08 – = 0.05

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Decimal and Percent

6. Let's fill in the missing decimal numbers to complete the sums.

0.3 + = 0.8 – 0.2 = 0.7

+++ –––

+ = 0.4 0.6 – =

= == = ==

0.5 + = – = 0.2


Section B

7. Let's convert these decimals into the fractions of their lowest terms.

a) 0.2 b) 0.02 c) 0.4 d) 0.04 e) 0.5

f) 0.05 g) 0.6 h) 0.06 i) 0.8 j) 0.08

k) 1.2 l) 1.5 m) 2.5 n) 0.25 o) 0.36

8. Let's convert these fractions into the decimal numbers.

a) 21 b) 1 c) 2 d) 3 e) 4 f) 1 1
5 5 5 5 2

g) 2 1 h) 3 2 i) 1 3 j) 2 4 k) 1 l) 3
5 5 5 5 4 4

m) 270 n) 290 o) 245 p) 590 q) 1235 r) 2570

9. Each cube represents 0.1. Let's write decimal numbers represented by
each pair of cubes. Then, find the sum of the decimal numbers.

a) + b) + c) +

d) + e) + f) +

10. Each cube represents 0.01. Let's write decimal numbers represented
by each pair of cubes. Then, find the sum of the decimal numbers.

a) + b) + c) +

d) + e) + f) +

11. Let's add these decimal numbers.

a) 0.2 + 0.02 b) 0.3 + 0.03 c) 0.4 + 0.04

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Decimal and Percent

d) 0.13 + 0.05 e) 0.26 + 0.07 f) 1.3 + 1.05
i) 7.32 + 5.23
g) 2.5 + 3.07 h) 6.24 + 4.3
c) 0.7 – 0.07
12. Let's subtract these decimal numbers. f) 0.9 – 0.56
i) 10.23 – 7.64
a) 0.5 – 0.05 b) 0.6 – 0.06

d) 0.48 – 0.23 e) 0.72 – 0.35

g) 4.2 – 1.08 h) 7.5 – 3.45

13. Let's add or subtract the decimal numbers.
a) 0.58 b) 0.36 c) 0.54 d) 2.14

+ 0.35 + 0.49 + 0.27 + 3.46

e) 28.76 f) 36.6 g) 0.67 h) 0.84

+ 24.8 + 45.54 – 0.42 – 0.55

i) 5.7 j) 9.45 k) 24.25 l) 58.04

– 2.32 – 6.63 – 12.46 – 38.72

Let's read the problems carefully and solve them.
14. a) The cost of a pen is Rs 32.25 and the cost of an exercise book is Rs 28.40.

Find the total cost of these two items.

b) Pathari is 28.350 km east from Itahari and Damak is 14.865 km east
from Pathari. Find the distance between Itahari and Damak.

c) Bijaya Lama bought an ice-cream for Rs 80.75 and a chocolate for
Rs 20.50. How much money did he spend altogether?

15. a) The cost of 1 litre of mustard oil is Rs 310.60 and the cost of 1 litre
of sunflower oil is Rs 285.80. Which oil is more expensive and by how
much?

b) 1 US dollar is equal to Rs 118.78 and 1 Australian dollar is equal to
Rs 84.80. Which one is the expensive currency and by how much?

c) Laxmi Pariyar's weight is 36.456 Kg and Neeta Shrestha's weight is
35.825 Kg. Who has got more weight and by how much?

16. It's your time - Project work

Let's play the card matching game of sums or difference of decimal numbers.

Each of 2 students in a group should prepare at least 10 rectangular flash
cards of equal size from a chart paper. Each student of the group should
write sums of addition and subtraction of decimal numbers in 5 cards. They

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Decimal and Percent

should write the answer of each sum in other 5 cards as shown below:

0.02+0.05 0.7 + 0.02 0.3 + 0.4 0.8 – 0.3 0.09–0.05

0.07 0.72 0.7 0.5 0.04

0.6 + 0.1 0.5 + 0.3 0.03 + 0.5 0.7 – 0.4 0.06 – 0.02

0.7 0.8 0.53 0.3 0.04

Each student shuffles their cards well and exchanges them with each other.
Now, the student who matches the sums and answers cards first is the
winner!

6.8 Percent - How many out of 100?

Let's count the number of square rooms in a
row and in a column of the square grid.

There are 100 square rooms in the grid.

5 rooms out of 100 are pink.

5 percent rooms of the grid are pink.

We write 5 percent as 5%.

For the word 'percent', we use a symbol %.

Similarly, 10% rooms of the grid are blue and 7% rooms are green.

Here, 5% = 5 out of 100 = 5 , 10% = 10 out of 100 = 10 ,
100 100

7% = 7 out of 100 = 7 , and so on.
100

6.9 Conversion of fraction into percent

Let's investigate the rule to convert a fraction into percent from the given
examples.

Example 1: Convert a) 35 b) 9 into percent.
Solution 10

a) 35 = 3 × 20 60 It is another process:
5 × 20 100
= = 60% 3 = 3 × 100
5 5 100
9 9 × 10
b) 10 = 10 × 10 = 90% = 3 × 12000 % = 3 × 20% = 60%
5

105Approved by Curriculum Development Centre, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur vedanta Excel in Mathematics - Book 4

Decimal and Percent

Rule 1: To convert a fraction into percent, find the equivalent fraction of the

given fraction with denominator 100. 100
100
Rule 2: Another process is to multiply the given fraction by , where

100 is 100%. So, we can directly multiply the given fraction by
100

100% to convert into percent.

6.10 Conversion of percent into fraction

Again, let's investigate the rule to convert a percent into fraction from the
following examples.

Example 2: Convert a) 13% b) 30% c) 45% into fractions.

Solution

a) 13% = 13 b) 30% = 30 = 3 I got it!
100 100 10
13 % is 13 hundredths,
45 9 9 30 % is 30 hundredths
10020 20 45% is 45 hundredths.

b) 45% = =

So, to convert a percent into fraction, we write the given percent into

hundredths. Then, we should reduce the fraction to its lowest terms if it is

necessary.

6.11 Fraction, decimal and percent
We can establish the relation between fraction, decimal and percent from

the pictorial illustrations given below:

Classwork - Exercise

1. Let's write the fraction, decimal and percent of the shaded parts in the
following diagrams:

a)



Fraction: 1 Decimal: 0.5 Percent: 50%
2

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Decimal and Percent

b)

Fraction: Decimal: Percent:
c)

Fraction: Decimal: Percent:
d)

Fraction: Decimal: Percent:

6.12 To find the value of the given percent of a quantity

Now, let's learn the process of finding the value of the given percent of a
quantity from these examples.

Example 3: Find a) 10% of 40 children b) 25% of Rs 80.
Solution

a) 10% of 40 children = 10 × 40 I got it!
100 I should multiply the given

= 4 children quantity by the given percent!!
Then, I should convert the percent

b) 25% of Rs 80 = 25 5 × 4 = Rs 20 into the fraction and simplify!
100
Rs 80

2

In this way, to find the value of the given percent of a quantity, we multiply

the quantity by the percent. Then, we convert the percent into fraction and

simplify it.

107Approved by Curriculum Development Centre, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur vedanta Excel in Mathematics - Book 4

Decimal and Percent

Exercise - 6.3

Section A - Classwork

1. There are 100 square rooms in the following square grids. Let's count and
write the fractions, decimal and percents of the different coloured rooms.

==

= =
=
=



2. Let's say and write how many percent are. are girls.
a) 60 girls out of 100 students are boys.
b) 40 boys out of 100 students are apples.
c) 25 apples out of 100 fruits marks.
d) 98 marks out of 100 full marks

3. The marks obtained by Anita Tamang out of 100 full marks in 5 subjects
are given in her progress report. Say and write her marks in percents.

First Terminal Examination

Progress Report

Name: Anita Tamang Class: 4 Roll No. 7

Subject Full Marks Marks Obtained Marks in Percent

English 100 87

Nepali 100 82

Mathematics 100 96

Science 100 75

Social Science 100 64

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Decimal and Percent

4. Let's say and write the fractions of these percents as quickly as possible.

a) 3% = b) 7% = c) 9% =

d) 33% = e) 51% = f) 99% =

Section B

5. Let's convert these fractions into percent.

a) 21 b) 41 c) 3 d) 15 e) 52 f) 3
4 5

g) 54 h) 110 i) 130 j) 170 k) 190 l) 1
20

m) 230 n) 270 o) 290 p) 215 q) 285 r) 9
50

6. Let's convert these percent into fraction of their lowest terms.
a) 2% b) 4% c) 5% d) 6% e) 8% f) 10%

g) 15% h) 20% i) 25% j) 30% k) 35% l) 40%
m) 45% n) 50% o) 60% p) 75% q) 80% r) 90%

7. Let's find the value of the given percent of quantity.

a) 10% of Rs 50 b) 20% of Rs 80 c) 25% of 40 students

d) 30% of 70 people e) 40% of 60 km f) 50 % of 90 kg

g) 60% of 100 boys h) 70% of 20 girls i) 80% of 50 eggs

Let's read these problems carefully and solve them.

8. a) On the occasion of 'Children's Day', 100 children are participating in

different activities. Among them, 55 are girls and 45 are boys. How many

percent of children are girls and boys?

b) There are 30 men, 45 women and 25 children in a wedding party.

(i) How many people are there in the party?

(ii) How many percent of people are men, women, and children in the

party? 18
20
9. a) If you got marks in maths in a monthly test, how many percent of

marks did you get?

b) Bhurashi obtained 20 marks in science in a monthly test. How many
25

percent of marks did she obtain?

c) In a school, 35 of the number of teachers are female. How many percent
50

of the teachers are female?

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Decimal and Percent

10. a) There are 30 students in class 4. 60% of them are girls. Find the number
of girls.

b) In a terminal test, Pankaj Chaudhari got 80% of 50 full marks in English.
How many marks did he get in English?

c) Mother spends 40% of Rs 500 to buy a book for you.
(i) How much money does she spend?
(ii) How much money is left with her?
d) There are 400 students in a school. 70% of them are boys. How many

girls are there in the school?
It's your time - Project work!

11. a) How many students are there in your class?
b) How many percent of them are girls?
c) How many percent of them are boys?
12. a) How many teachers are there in your school?
b) How many percent of them are male teachers?
c) How many percent of them are female teachers?
2. Let's make 3 sets of flowers by cutting a chart paper as shown in the

diagrams. Write a percent (10%, 20%, 40%, 50%, 60%, and 80%) in the
circle. Then, write fractions and decimals equal to the percent in the 4
petals. Colour the petals. You can stick, your flowers on the wall-magazine.

20
100

0.2 20% 2
10

1
5

?

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Unit Decimal and Percent

7 Measurement - Time and Money

7.1 Measurement of time - Looking back
Telling Time

Classwork - Exercise
1. Let's say and write your time using a. m. or p. m.
a) At what time do you wake up usually in the morning?
b) At what time do you usually go to your school?
c) What is your school's assembly time?
d) At what time does your maths class start?
e) At what time is your school over?
f) At what time do you usually arrive home from your school?
g) What is your usual dinner time?
h) At what time do you go to bed usually?
Now, can you make your timetable?

2. Let’s read the time shown by each watch. Say and write the answers in
the blank spaces with the proper words or number.

a) It is quarter past 7.

This is same as 15 minutes past 7.
We write it as 7:15

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Measurement: Time and Money

b) It is 5 minutes past 8.
We write it as
c) It is half past 1.
We write it as

d) It is 10 minutes to 6. minutes past 5. 5:50
This is same as
We write it as

e) It is quarter to 10. 9:45
This is same as …………. Minutes past 9.
We write it as …………………….

3. Let’s read the time on the watch. Say and write the time in two ways.

a) (i) ……2.0....m....…in…u…te.s....p...a..s..t...4...............….

(ii) …………4.....:..2....0........

b) (i) …………………………………………………..
(ii) …………………………….

c) (i) ………………………………………………………
(ii) …………………………….

2:45d) (i) ………………………………………………………

(ii)…………………………….

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Measurement: Time and Money

7.2 24-hour clock system

From 12: 01 in the morning to 11:59 in the morning we
say and write time using a. m. (Ante Meridiem).

From 12:01 afternoon to 11:59 at night we say and write
time using p. m. (Post Meridiem).

In 12-hour clock system, we say and write the hours using the numbers 1 to
12. In 24-hour clock system, we say and write the hours using number 1 to
24.

The given clock shows the hours 1:00 a. m. in the morning to 12:00 noon in
the mid-day. Then, it shows 13:00 in the afternoon to 24:00 at mid-night.

Classwork - Exercise

1. Now, Let's say and write the p. m. time in 24-hour clock system.

1:10 p.m. = 13:10 Trick!
1 : 10 p. m. = (1 + 12) : 10 = 13 : 10

a) 1 : 20 p. m. = b) 2 : 30 p. m. =

c) 4 : 00 p. m. = d) 7 : 40 p. m. =

e) 9 : 45 p. m. = f) 12 : 50 a. m. = 00 : 50

2. Let's say and write the time in 12-hour clock system using a. m. or p. m.

00 : 00 = 24 – 12 = 12 : 00 mid-night 00:30 = (24 – 12):30 = 12:30 a.m.

02 : 10 = 2 : 10 a. m. 15 : 25 = (15 – 12) : 25 = 3 : 25 p. m.

a) 00.15 = b) 03 : 05 =

c) 13 : 40 = d) 16 : 20 =

e) 18 : 55 = f) 23 : 30 =

113Approved by Curriculum Development Centre, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur vedanta Excel in Mathematics - Book 4

Measurement: Time and Money

3. Let's calculate how many hours.
How many hours are there between 10 : 00 a. m. and 4 : 00 p. m.?
Here, 4 : 00 p. m. = 12 + 4 = 16 hours. So, 16 – 10 = 6 hours
a) How many hours are there between 9 : 00 a. m. and 1 : 00 p. m.?

b) How many hours are there between 11:00 a. m. to 2 : 00 p. m. ?

c) How many hours are there between 7 : 00 a. m. to 7 : 00 p. m.?


7.3 The calendar - Days, weeks, months, and year
Classwork - Exercise

1. Let's study Nepali and English Calendars. Then say and write the
answer of the given questions as quickly as possible.

a}zfv @)&( h]7 @)&( c;f/ @)&(

cfOt{ af/ ;f]daf/ du+ naf/ aw' af/ laxlaf/ z'qmaf/ zlgaf/ cfO{taf/ ;f]daf/ d+unaf/ a'waf/ laxlaf/ zq' maf/ zlgaf/ cfO{taf/ ;f]daf/ du+ naf/ aw' af/ laxlaf/ z'qmaf/ zlgaf/

!@# ! @ # $% ^ & !@ # $
$ % ^ & * ( !) * ( !) !! !@ !# !$ % ^ & * ( !) !!
!! !@ !# !$ !% !^ !& !% !^ !& !* !( @) @! !@ !# !$ !% !^ !& !*
!* !( @) @! @@ @# @$ @@ @# @$ @% @^ @& @* !( @) @! @@ @# @$ @%
@% @^ @& @* @( #) #! @( #) #! @^ @& @* @( #) @! #@

;fpg @)&( ebf} @)&( c;fh] @)&(

cfO{taf/ ;fd] af/ du+ naf/ aw' af/ laxlaf/ z'qmaf/ zlgaf/ cfO{taf/ ;fd] af/ du+ naf/ aw' af/ laxlaf/ zq' maf/ zlgaf/ cfO{taf/ ;f]daf/ du+ naf/ a'waf/ laxlaf/ z'qmaf/ zlgaf/

! @ # $% ^ & !@ # $ #) #! !
* ( !) !! !@ !# !$ % ^ & * ( !) !!
!% !^ !& !* !( @) @! !@ !# !$ !% !^ !& !* @ # $ %^ & *
@@ @# @$ @% @^ @& @* !( @) @! @@ @# @$ @%
@( #) #! @^ @& @* @( #) #! ( !) !! !@ !# !$ !%

!^ !& !* !( @) @! @@

@# @$ @% @^ @& @* @(

sflts{ @)&( d+l;/ @)&( k'; @)&(

cfOt{ af/ ;fd] af/ d+unaf/ aw' af/ laxlaf/ zq' maf/ zlgaf/ cfOt{ af/ ;fd] af/ du+ naf/ aw' af/ laxlaf/ z'qmaf/ zlgaf/ cfOt{ af/ ;fd] af/ d+unaf/ aw' af/ laxlaf/ z'qmaf/ zlgaf/

! @# $ % !@ # $ !@
^ & * ( !) !! !@ % ^ & * ( !) !! # $ % ^& * (
!# !$ !% !^ !& !* !( !@ !# !$ !% !^ !& !* !) !! !@ !# !$ !% !^
@) @! @@ @# @$ @% @^ !( @) @! @@ @# @$ @% !& !* !( @) @! @@ @#
@& @* #) @^ @& @* @( #) @$ @% @^ @& @* @( #)

df3 @)&( kmfu'g @)&( rt} @)&(

cfOt{ af/ ;f]daf/ du+ naf/ a'waf/ laxlaf/ zq' maf/ zlgaf/ cfOt{ af/ ;f]daf/ d+unaf/ a'waf/ laxlaf/ zq' maf/ zlgaf/ cfO{taf/ ;fd] af/ du+ naf/ aw' af/ laxlaf/ z'qmaf/ zlgaf/

! @ # $% ^ & ! @ #$ % ^ !@ # $
* ( !) !! !@ !# !$ & * ( !) !! !@ !# % ^ & * ( !) !!
!% !^ !& !* !( @) @! !$ !% !^ !& !* !( @) !@ !# !$ !% !^ !& !*
@@ @# @$ @% @^ @& @* @! @@ @# @$ @% @^ @& !( @) @! @@ @# @$ @%
@( @* @( #) @^ @& @* @( #)

vedanta Excel in Mathematics - Book 4 114 Approved by Curriculum Development CentreSanothimi, Bhaktapur

Measurement: Time and Money

January 2022 SAT February 2022 SAT March 2022

SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI 1 SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI 5 SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT
8 12
30 31 15 1 23 4 19 1 23 4 5
2 3 4 56 7 22 6 7 8 9 10 11 26 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
9 10 11 12 13 14 29 13 14 15 16 17 18 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
16 17 18 19 20 21 20 21 22 23 24 25 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
23 24 25 26 27 28 27 28 27 28 29 30 31

April 2022 SAT May 2022 June 2022

SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI 2 SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT
9
1 16 1 2 3 45 6 7 12 3 4
3 4 5 67 8 23 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
10 11 12 13 14 15 30 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
17 18 19 20 21 22 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
24 25 26 27 28 29 29 30 31 26 27 28 29 30

July 2022 SAT August 2022 SAT September 2022 SAT

SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI 2 SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI 6 SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI 3
9 13 10
31 1 16 1 2 34 5 20 12 17
3 4 5 67 8 23 7 8 9 10 11 12 27 4 5 6 78 9 24
10 11 12 13 14 15 30 14 15 16 17 18 19 11 12 13 14 15 16
17 18 19 20 21 22 21 22 23 24 25 26 18 19 20 21 22 23
24 25 26 27 28 29 28 29 30 31 25 26 27 28 29 30

October 2022 SAT November 2022 SAT December 2022 SAT

SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI 1 SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI 5 SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI 3
8 12 10
30 31 15 1 23 4 19 12 17
2 3 4 56 7 22 6 7 8 9 10 11 26 4 5 6 78 9 24
9 10 11 12 13 14 29 13 14 15 16 17 18 11 12 13 14 15 16
16 17 18 19 20 21 20 21 22 23 24 25 18 19 20 21 22 23
23 24 25 26 27 28 27 28 29 30 25 26 27 28 29 31

a) Which is the new year month in Nepali calendar?

b) Which is the new year month in English calendar?

c) How many months are there in a year?

d) How many days are there in a week?

e) How many weeks are there in a year?

f) How many days are there in a year?

g) Which day is the 17th Mangsir 2079?

h) Which day is the 1st May 2022?

i) Write the month, date, and day of your birthday in Nepali and in English
calendars.

Nepali calendar:

English calendar:

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Measurement: Time and Money

1. Let’s prepare the calendar of this month.

Year ……………….. Month ………………..

Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday

Let’s answer the following questions using the calendar that you have prepared
above.
a) What is today’s date? …………………………………………………………..
b) What was day before yesterday? …………………………………………
c) What will be the day after tomorrow? …………………………………..
d) What will be the date of following Saturday? ………………………..
e) What will be the date of the next Friday? ……………………………..
f) How many days are there in this month? ………………………………
g) How many Sundays are there in this month? ……………………….

Birthday Celebration!

2. Let’s write the birthday of your all family members in the table given
below.

Name of family Birth year Birth month Birthday
members

Let’s answer the following questions from the above table.

a) Who is the oldest member of your family? ……………………………………..

vedanta Excel in Mathematics - Book 4 116 Approved by Curriculum Development CentreSanothimi, Bhaktapur

Measurement: Time and Money

b) Who is the youngest member? ………………………………………………………
c) In which year will you celebrate your 14th birthday? …………………….

7.4 Conversion of units of time
Let's remember the relation between different units of time.

1 hour (h) = 60 minutes (min) Now, I can convert the units!
1 minute (min) = 60 seconds (s) 2 h = 2 × 60 min = 120 minutes
3 m = 3 × 60 s = 180 seconds

1 day = 24 hours I can also convert the units!
1 week = 7 days 4 weeks = 4 × 7 days = 28 days
1 month = 30 days 3 months = 3 × 30 days = 90 days
1 year = 12 months 2 years = 2 × 12 months = 24 months
1 year = 52 weeks
1 year = 365 days


Now, let's learn to convert the units of time from the following examples.

Classwork - Exercise

1. Let’s rewrite the units of time as shown in the example.

65 seconds = 60 seconds + 5 seconds = 1 min 5s

a) 70 seconds = ……….. seconds + ……….. seconds = ……….. min ……….. s

b) 75 seconds = ……….. seconds + ……….. seconds = ……….. min ……….. s

c) 90 seconds = ……….. seconds + ……….. seconds = ……….. min ……….. s

72 minutes = 60 minutes + 12 minutes = 1 hr 12 min

d) 68 minutes = ……….. minutes + ……….. minutes = ……….. hr ……….. min

e) 85 minutes = ……….. minutes + ……….. minutes = ……….. hr ……….. min

117Approved by Curriculum Development Centre, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur vedanta Excel in Mathematics - Book 4

Measurement: Time and Money

Example 1: Convert 2 h 30 min into minutes. It's easy!
1 h = 60 min
Solution

2 h 30 min = 2 × 60 min + 30 min So, 2h = 2 × 60 min = 120 min

= 120 min + 30 min

= 150 minutes

Example 2: Convert 90 minutes into hour and minutes. × 60
Solution

90 min = (90 ÷ 60) h Hour Minute
= 1 quotient and 30 remainder
= 1 h 30 min ÷ 60
Another process
90 min = 60 min + 30 min I've remembered!
= 1 h + 30 min 60 minutes = 1 hour!!
= 1 h 30 min

Example 3: Convert 75 hours into days and hours.
Solution

75 hours = 72 hours + 3 hours I've remembered!
24 hours = 1 day

= 3 × 24 hours + 3 hours

= 3 days 3 hours

Example 4: Convert 2 years 6 months into months. × 12
Solution

2 years 6 months = 2 × 12 months + 6 months Year Month
÷ 12
= 24 months + 6 months

= 30 months

Example 5: Convert 45 days into weeks and days.

Solution I got it!
45 days = (45 ÷ 7) weeks 7 days = 1 week
So, 45 days = (45 ÷ 7) weeks

= 6 quotients and 3 remainder

= 6 weeks 3 days 118 Approved by Curriculum Development CentreSanothimi, Bhaktapur

vedanta Excel in Mathematics - Book 4

Measurement: Time and Money

Exercise - 7.1
Section A - Classwork
1. Let's say and write the answer in the blank spaces.
a) Using a. m. and p. m., quarter past 8 in the morning is written as

b) Using a. m. or p. m. 10 minutes to 9 at the night is written as

c) In 24 - hour clock system, 2 : 00 p. m. is

d) In 12 - hour clock system, 18 : 00

e) Number of hours between 11 : 00 a. m. and 1 : 00 p. m. is

2. Let's say and write the correct answers as quickly as possible.

a) 1 h = min, 2 h = min, 180 min = h

b) 65 min = h min, 70 min = h min

c) 1 min = s, 2 min = s, 180 s = min

d) 1 week = days, 2 weeks = days, 21 days = weeks

e) 1 year = months, 2 years = months, 36 months = year

f) 1 month = days, 2 months = days, 90 days = months

Section B
3. Let's write the time in 24 - hour clock or in 12 - hour clock.

a) 1 : 30 p. m. b) 2 : 05 p. m. c) 6 : 45 p. m. d) 10 : 15 p. m.
e) 13 : 10 f) 15 : 40
g) 20 : 20 h) 23 : 50

4. Let's convert into as indicated.

a) 1 h 10 min (minutes) b) 1 h 15 min (minutes) c) 2 h 20 min (minutes)

d) 1 min 20 s (seconds) e) 1 min 30 s (seconds) f) 2 min 5 s (seconds)

g) 65 min (hours and minutes) h) 80 min (hours and minute)

i) 125 min (hours and minutes) j) 90 s (minutes and seconds)

k) 30 hours (days and hours) l) 56 hours (days and hours)

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5. Let's convert into as indicated. b) 2 years 7 months (months)
a) 1 year 4 months (months) d) 39 months (years and months)
c) 18 months (years and months) f) 4 weeks 2 days (days)
e) 2 weeks 5 days (days) h) 38 days (weeks and days)
g) 18 days (weeks and days) j) 80 days (months and days)
i) 2 months 10 days (days) l) 2 years (days)
k) 2 years (weeks)

6. Let's calculate how many hours and minutes are there?

a) between 8:00 a. m. and 12:00 noon b) between 9:15 p. m. and 11:15 p. m.

c) between 10:00 a. m. and 2:00 p. m. d) between 11:10 a. m. and 4:30 p. m.

It's your time - Project work!

7. a) Let's make your timetable including your regular tasks: wake up time,

breakfast time, morning study time, morning meal time, school time,
tiffin time, evening playing time, evening study time, dinner time, bed
time.

Show your timetable to your friends and compare with them. You can
stick your timetable in your bed-room. Are you always following your
timetable?

b) Let's make Nepali and English calendars of the month of your birthday.
You can use the format of the calendars given in the book. Circle the date
and day of your birthday on it.

7.5 Addition and subtraction of time
Classwork - Exercise

1. Let's add minutes and regroup into hours and minutes.

a) 40 min + 30 min = 70 min = 60 min + 10 min = 1 h 10 min

b) 40 min + 25 min =

c) 45 min + 25 min =

d) 50 min + 15 min =

e) 50 min + 40 min = 120 Approved by Curriculum Development CentreSanothimi, Bhaktapur

vedanta Excel in Mathematics - Book 4

Measurement: Time and Money

2. Let's add and find what time it is now. (30 + 45) min = 75 min
a) 9 : 30 a. m. + 45 min = 10 : 15 a. m. 75 min = 60 min + 15 min

b) 9 : 40 a. m + 20 min = = 1 h 15 min
(9 + 1) : 15 = 10 : 15 a. m.

c) 10 : 30 p. m. + 40 min = (30 + 40) min = 70 min
d) 8 : 55 a. m. + 30 min = 70 min = 60 min + 10 min
e) 1 : 35 p. m. + 45 min =
= 1 h 10 min
(10 + 1) : 15 = 11 : 10 a. m.

3. Let's subtract as shown in the example.

60 min

a) 1 h 10 min – 20 min = (60 + 10) min – 20 min = 70 min – 20 = 50 min

60 min

b) 1 h 10 min – 30 min = 70 min – 30 min =

60 min

c) 1 h 20 min – 30 min =

d) 1 h 20 min – 40 min =

e) 1 h 30 min – 40 min =

4. Let's subtract and find what time it is now.

60 min

a) 7 : 10 a. m. – 30 min = 6 : 70 – 30 min = 6 : 40 a. m.

b) 7 : 10 a. m. – 20 min =

c) 9 : 10 p. m. – 40 min =

d) 11 : 20 a. m. – 50 min =

e) 1 : 30 p. m. – 40 min =

Now, let's learn more about the addition and subtraction of time from the
examples given below.

Example 1: Add or subtract a) 2 h 30 min + 3 h 40 min

b) 4 h 20 min – 2 h 30 min

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Measurement: Time and Money

Solution (30 + 40) min = 70 min = 1 h 10 min
a) 2 h 30 min (1 + 2 + 3) h = 6 h
2 h 30 min + 3 h 40 min = 6 h 10 min
+ 3 h 40 min
5 h 70 min 1 h = 60 min is borrowed to 20 min.
6 h 10 min So, (60 + 20) min = 80 min

b) 1 h=60 min (80 – 30) min = 50 min
4 h 20 min Also, (4 – 1) h – 2 h = 3 h – 2 h = 1h

– 2 h 30 min
1 h 50 min

Example 2: Add or subtract a) 3 weeks 5 days + 4 weeks 6 days
b) 4 days 10 hours – 2 days 14 hours


Solution

a) I understood!
3 weeks 5 days 11 days = 7 days + 4 days
= 1 week 4 days
+ 4 weeks 6 days

7 weeks 11 days

= (7 +1) weeks 4 days 3 days 34 hours I got it!
= 8 weeks 4 days 1 day = 24 hours
So, 24 h + 10 h = 34 h
b) 4 days 10 hours

– 2 days 14 hours – 2 days 14 hours

1 day 20 hours

Example 3: Add or subtract a) 2 years 8 months + 3 years 6 months

b) 7 months 10 days – 4 months 15 days

Solution

a) 2 years 8 months It's easier!
+ 3 years 6 months (8 + 6) months = 14 months
5 years 14 months 14 months = 12 months + 2 months
= 1 year 2 months

= (5 +1) years 2 months

= 6 years 2 months

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Measurement: Time and Money

b) I understood
1 month = 30 days
7 months 10 days So, 30 days + 10 days = 40 days
– 4 months 15 days
6 months 40 days

– 4 months 15 days

2 months 25 days

Example 4: Maths period starts at 10 : 45 a. m. and finishes in 40

minutes. At what time is it over?

Solution 85 min = 60 min + 25 min

10 : 45 a. m. + 40 min = 10 : 85 = 11 : 25 a. m. = 1 h 25 min

So, it is over at 11 : 25 a. m.

Example 5: Dinesh started to read a story at 8 : 30 p. m. and finished it
at 10 : 00 p. m. How long did he take to finish the story?

Solution
10 : 00 p. m. – 8 : 30 p. m. = 9 : 60 p. m. – 8 : 30 p. m. = 1 h 30 min

So, he finished the story in 1 h 30 min.

Example 6: A bus started its journey from Surkhet to Nepalganj at
11 : 30 a. m. It arrived at Nepalgunj in 4 hours 40 minutes.
At what time did it arrive at Nepalganj?

Solution

11 : 30 a. m. + 4 h 40 min = 15 : 70 (11 + 4) : (30 + 40)

= 16 : 10 70 min = 1 h 10 min
(15 + 1) h = 16 h

= (16 – 12) : 10 As the time crosses 12 : 00
subtract 12.

= 4 : 10 p. m.

So, the bus arrived at 4 : 10 p. m.

Example 7: The construction of a road was started on 18 Baisakh 2078
and completed on 25 Bhadra 2079. In how many years,
months, and days was the construction over?

Solution

123Approved by Curriculum Development Centre, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur vedanta Excel in Mathematics - Book 4

Measurement: Time and Money

Y MD 18th Baisakh 2078 to 18 Baisakh 2079 = 1 year
2079 05 25 18th Baisakh 2079 to 18 Bhadra 2079 = 4 months
– 2078 01 18 18th Bhadra 2079 to 25th Bhadra 2079 = 7 days
So, the construction work was over in 1 year 4 months 7 days.
1 y 4 m 7 day s



Exercise - 7.2

Section A - Classwork

1. Let's add minutes and regroup into hours and minutes

a) 25 min + 40 min =

b) 50 min + 30 min =

2. Let's add seconds and regroup into minutes and seconds.

a) 40 s + 35 s =

b) 50 s + 40 s =

3. Let's add days and regroup into months and days.

a) 20 days + 15 days =

b) 25 days + 25 days =

4. Let's add months and regroup into years and months.

a) 5 months + 9 months =

b) 7months+10months=

5. Let's convert into the lower units and subtract.

a) 1 h – 20 min = 60 min – 20 min =

b) 1 h – 15 min = =

c) 1 min – 10 s = =

d) 1 year – 5 months = =

e) 1 month – 18 days = =

Section B
6. Let's add or subtract.

a) 1 h 20 min + 1 h 45 min b) 2 h 30 min + 1 h 40 min

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Measurement: Time and Money

c) 3 h 30 min – 1 h 40 min d) 5 h 20 min – 2 h 30 min

e) 5 days 15 hours + 4 days 17 hours f) 10 days 12 hours – 5 days 18 hours

g) 2 weeks 4 days + 3 weeks 6 days h) 6 weeks 2 days – 4 weeks 5 days

i) 1 year 6 months + 1 year 8 months j) 5 years 4 months – 3 years 6 months

k) 3 months 20 days + 2 months 25 days l) 8 month 10 days – 4 months 20 days

7. Let's add or subtract using a. m. or p. m.

a) 6 : 30 a. m. + 1 h 45 min b) 10 : 20 a. m. + 4 h 50 min

c) 4 : 45 p. m. – 1 h 15 min d) 2 : 30 p. m. – 3 h 20 min

e) 1 : 40 p. m. – 9 : 25 a. m. f) 3 : 50 p. m. – 10 : 10 a. m.

Let's read the problems carefully, and solve them.
8. a) You started doing maths homework at 7 : 20 a. m. and finished in 40

minutes. At what time did you finish your homework?

7 : 20 a. m. + 40 minutes =

b) Science class test started at 11 : 30 a. m. and finished in 45 minutes. At
what time was the test over?

c) A plane takes off at 13 : 35 from Tribhuvan airport. It is landed at
Biratnagar airport in 35 minutes. At what time is it landed?

9. a) Yesterday, father started cooking dinner at 7 : 15 p. m. and finished at
8 : 30 p. m. How long did he take to cook the dinner?

8 : 30 p. m. – 7 : 15 p. m. =

b) You left your home at 9 : 05 a. m. for your school and you arrived at
school at 9 : 55 a. m. How long did you take to arrive at school?

c) A T20 cricket match started at 11 : 25 a. m. it was over at 2 : 30 p. m.
What was the duration of the match?

d) On August 1 the sun rose at 5 : 22 a. m. and set at 6 : 10 p. m. How long
was the sun above the horizon?

e) On the same day, the moon rose at 10 : 20 p. m. and set at 5 : 10 a. m. For
how long could the moon be seen?

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10. a) A bus starts its journey from Birtamod to Bharatpur at 9 : 45 a. m. If it
arrives at Bharatpur in 8 h 30 min, at what time does it arrive?

b) A plane takes off from Tribhuvan International airport at 11 : 15 a. m.
for Bankok, Thailand. If it is landed at Savarnabhumi airport, Bankok at
Nepali time 2 : 45 p. m., how long was the flight?

11. a) A school conducts annual examination for 1 week 3 days. From the
next day of completion of the examination, the school conducts extra
curricular activities for 1 week 6 days. In how many weeks and days are
the examination and activities over?

b) A painter started to colour the compound-walls of a house on Sunday at
6:00 a.m. He worked till 5:00 p.m. everyday and completed the work on
Thursday at 3:00 p.m. Find his total working hours. In how many days
and hours did he finish the work?

12. a) The construction of a school building was started on 7 Shrawan 2078
and completed on 17 Mangsir 2079. In how many years, months, and
days was the construction over?

b) Write today's date in year, month, and day (such as 2079/03/08) and
subtract your date of birth in year, month, and day. How old are you
today?

It's your time - Project work

13. a) Let's prepare the school routine of your Sunday classes.
b) Let's calculate your school days in the first, the second and the final

terminal sessions from your school calendar. How many school days are
there in this year? Also convert the total school days in (i) weeks and
days (ii) months and days.

c) Ask the date of birth of your any three friends and find their present
ages.

Name of friends Date of birth Today's date Age of friends

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7.6 Measurement of money

Facts to remember!
(i) Rupees and Paisa are the units of measurement of our Nepali

currency.
(ii) Paisa is smaller unit and rupee is higher unit of our currency.
(iii) Paisa are in the form of coins. Rupees are in the forms of coins or in

paper notes.
(iv) We write rupee as Re (singular) and rupees as Rs (plural). We write

P for paisa.
(v) 100 paisa = Re 1, 200 paisa = Rs 2, 500 paisa = Rs 5, and so on.

(vi) We usually express rupees and paisa together in the decimal of
rupees. For example:

Rs 10 and 20 p = Rs 10.20, Rs 25 and 50 p = Rs 25.50 and so on.

Classwork - Exercise

1. Let’s identify the following Nepali coins and notes. Say and write the
correct number of coins or notes in the blank spaces.

a) It is a coin of …5…0………p…a…i…s..a
………2…. coins of 50 paisa make Re 1.

b) It is a coin of ……………………..
…………………. coins of Re 1 make Rs 100.

c) It is a coin of ……………………...
……………….. coins of Rs 2 make Rs 100.

d) It is a note of ………………..

……… notes of Rs 5 make Rs 50.

127Approved by Curriculum Development Centre, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur vedanta Excel in Mathematics - Book 4

Measurement: Time and Money It is a note of ……………....
…… notes of Rs 10 make Rs 100.
e)

f) It is a note of ……………..
……… notes of Rs 20 make Rs 100.

g) It is a note of ……………..
……… notes of Rs 50 make Rs 100.

h) It is a note of …………….
………. Rs 100 notes make Rs 500.

i) It is a note of ……………
………. Rs 500 notes make Rs 1000.

j) It is a note of …………..

……… Rs 1000 notes make Rs 5000.

2. Let’s read the price of the given things. Say and write how many
numbers of coins and notes do you need to buy the things?

a) The price of the lollypop is …………… I need ……1….. note
of Rs 20 and …2…….. coins of Rs 2 to buy the lollypop.

Rs 24

b) The price of a packet of cookies is ………….. I need ……...

note of Rs 50 and ……….. notes of Rs 10 to buy the packet.

Rs 70

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c) Measurement: Time and Money

Rs 120 The price of an Instrument box is ………… I need ………..
notes of Rs 50 and ………… note of Rs 20 to buy the box.

d) The price of the book is ………….. I need ………. notes of

Rs 100, ……….. note of Rs 50 and ……… notes of Rs 20 to

buy the book.

Rs 390

e) The price of the T-shirt is ……………… I need ……….note

of Rs 500, ………… notes of Rs 100 and ………. Notes of

Rs 5 to buy the T-shirt.

Rs 720

7.7 Changes of Nepali rupees notes
Classwork - Exercise

1. Maya asks her father Rs 30 as her pocket money for school tiffin. Father
has only a Rs 50 note in his pocket. He goes to the nearby shop to get
changes of Rs 50.

Here are a few possible changes of Rs 50 that he could get from the shop.

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

129Approved by Curriculum Development Centre, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur vedanta Excel in Mathematics - Book 4

Measurement: Time and Money

Now, let’s answer the following questions.
a) How many notes of Rs 5 does father give Maya as her pocket

money?

Number of Rs 5 notes …….........

b) How many notes of Rs 10 does father give her?

Number of Rs 10 notes …….........

c) How many notes of Rs 10 and Rs 20 does father give her?

Number of Rs 10 notes ……......... Number of Rs 20 notes …….........

d) How many notes of Rs 5 and Rs 20 does father give her?

Number of Rs 5 notes ……......... Number of Rs 20 notes …….........

e) How many notes of Rs 5 and Rs 10 does father give her?

Number of Rs 5 notes ……......... Number of Rs 10 notes …….........
2. Let’s write the appropriate rupees in the rectangles and coins in

the circles to make correct changes that the customers get from
shopkeepers in the following cases.

a) Hari goes to a stationery shop and buys a pencil for Rs 8. He gives a
Rs 20 note to the shopkeeper. The possible changes he may receive be:

Rs 10 Rs 2 or Rs 10 Re 1 Re 1 or Rs 5 Rs 5 Rs 2

b) Laxmi goes to a stationery shop and buys an eraser for Rs 4. She gives a
Rs 10 note to the shopkeeper. The possible changes she may receive be:

or or

c) Manoj goes to a grocery store and buys a bread for Rs 35. He gives a Rs 50
note to the shopkeeper. The possible changes he may receive be:

or or

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d) Kalpana goes to a vegetable shop and buys 1 kg of tomatoes for Rs 40.
She gives a Rs 100 note to the shopkeeper. The possible changes she may
receive be:

or or

7.8 Conversion between rupees and paisa

Let's remember the relation between rupees and paisa.

Re 1 = 100 p 100 p = Re 1, So, 1 p = Rs 1 = Rs 0.01
Rs 2 = 2 ×100 p = 200 p 100
Rs 5 = 5 ×100 p = 500 p
Similarly, 2 p = Rs 2 = Rs 0.02
100

5 p = Rs 5 = Rs 0.05
100

× 100

Rs 3 and 15 p = Rs 3 + Rs 15 Rupees paisa
100

= Rs 3 + Rs 0.15

= Rs 3.15 ÷ 100

7.9 Addition and subtraction of money

When money is given in the decimal of rupees, we should simply use the
rules of addition or subtraction of decimals.

Let's study the illustrations and learn about the addition and subtraction of
money.

Example 1: Add or subtract a) Rs 40.60 + Rs 35.80 b) Rs 56.45 – Rs 42.60

Solution:

a) Rs 40 . 60 b) Rs 56 . 45

+ Rs 35 . 80 – Rs 42 . 60

Rs 76 . 40 Rs 13 . 85

When rupees and paisa are given separately, we should first write them in
decimals of rupees. Then, add or subtract the decimals.

Example 2: Add or subtract a) Rs 25 and 75 p + Rs 50 and 45 p

b) Rs 180 and 50 p – Rs 75 and 90 p

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Measurement: Time and Money

Solution b) Rs 180 and 50 p = Rs 180.50
a) Rs 25 and 75 p = Rs 25.75 Rs 75 and 90 p = – Rs 75.90
Rs 104.60
Rs 50 and 45 p = + Rs 50.45

Rs 76.20

Exercise - 7.3
Section A - Classwork
1. Let's say and write how many paisa (p).

a) Re 1 = b) Rs 3 = c) Rs 4 =

d) Rs 0.02 = e) Rs 0.05 = f) Rs 0.20 =

2. Let's say and write how many rupees (Rs).

a) 100 p = b) 200 p = c) 600 p =

d) 5 p = e) 50 p = f) 75 p =

3. Let's say and write in the decimals of rupees.

a) Re 1 and 5 p = b) Rs 6 and 15 p =

c) Rs 12 and 30 p = d) Rs 25 and 55 p =

4. Let's say and write how many rupees altogether?

a) Rs 1.10 + Rs 2.05 = b) Rs 3.20 + Rs 4.15 =

c) Rs 5.30 + Rs 3.20 = d) Rs 7.50 + Rs 2.10 =

5. Let's say and write how many rupees are left?

a) Rs 2.10 – Rs 1.05 = b) Rs 4.20 – Rs 2.10 =

c) Rs 8.40 – Rs 3.20 = d) Rs 10.80 – Rs 6.50 =

6. Let's say and write the answer as quickly as possible.

a) How many Rs 5 notes make a Rs 50 note?

b) How many Rs 10 notes make a Rs 100 note?

c) How many Rs 20 notes make a Rs 100 note?

d) How many Rs 50 notes make a Rs 500 note?

e) How many Rs 100 notes make a Rs 1000 note?

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7. Let's read the price of each item. Tell and write the number of rupees
notes needed to buy the item.

a) Number of Rs 50 notes , number of Rs 20

notes , and number of Rs 10 notes

Rs 80

b) Number of Rs 100 notes , number of Rs 50

Rs 270 notes , and number of Rs 20 notes

8. Let’s read the price of each tagged item.

Crayon- Rs 60 Instrument Box - Rs 110 Stickers – Rs 12 Drawing Book – R s 75

How much money do you need to pay to buy the following items?

Items Total cost

a) Crayons and an Instrument Box Rs 60 + Rs 110 = …………….
b) Crayons and a Drawing Book ……………………………………………..

c) An Instrument box and Stickers

………………………………………………

d) A Drawing Book and an

Instrument Box ………………………………………………

Section B

9. Let's add or subtract:

a) Rs 24.30 + Rs 16.45 b) Rs 45.25 + Rs 32.60

c) Rs 318.50 + Rs 156.70 d) Rs 64.85 – Rs 27.40

e) Rs 172.25 – Rs 75.60 f) Rs 536.35 – Rs 250.75

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Measurement: Time and Money

10. Let's convert into the decimal of rupees, and add or subtract.

a) Rs 5 and 40 p + Rs 9 and 50 p b) Rs 38 and 60 p + Rs 48 and 70 p

c) Rs 80 and 75 p + Rs 65 and 55 p d) Rs 45 and 80 p – Rs 18 and 60 p

e) Rs 96 and 25 p – Rs 47 and 50 p f) Rs 215 and 10 p – Rs 120 and 85 p

11. Let's read these problems carefully and solve them.

a) The cost of a packet of crayons is Rs 75.40 and the cost of a box is
Rs 90.60.

(i) Find the total cost of these two items.

(ii) If mother gives Rs 200 to the shopkeeper, what changes does the
shopkeeper return her?

b) The rate of cost of apple is Rs 140.75 per kg and the rate of cost of orange
is Rs 80.25 per kg.

(i) By how much is the rate of cost of apple more expensive than the rate
of cost of orange?

(ii) Find the total cost of 1 kg of apples and 2 kg of oranges.

c) The total cost of a mathematics book and a science book is Rs 690.80.
The cost of science book is Rs 320.50.

(i) Find the cost of mathematics book.

(ii) By how much is the cost of science book cheaper than the cost of
mathematics book?

d) The cost of a ticket of a cable car for an adult is Rs 510.50 and for a child
is Rs 225.50. Find the total cost of tickets for father, mother, and a child.

e) The monthly school fee of brother is Rs 1,250.75 and the fee of younger
sister is Rs 975.25.

(i) Find the total of their monthly fee.

(ii) Calculate their total fee in 1 year.

Its your time – Project work!

12. Let’s ask to your parents the prices of the following items in the local
market. Write the price in the table given below.

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Items Price

1 kg of rice

1 kg of potatoes

1 Kg of sugar

1 litre of milk

1 litre of cooking oil

13. a) How much school fee do you pay in a month? Calculate your total fee in
a year.

b) Let's write the price of your Nepali, English, Mathematics, and Science
textbooks. Then, calculate the total price.

c) At what rate of price do you buy your exercise books? Estimate the
number of exercise books you use in a month and calculate their total
price.

7.10 Money related multiplication and division

Classwork - Exercise

1. Let's read the price tag of a pencil. Then, say and write the price of
more number of pencils.

a) What is the price of 1 pencil? Rs 10
b) The price of 2 pencils = 2 ×
=

c) The price of 3 pencils = 3 × = ??

d) The price of 4 pencils = × = ??

e) The price of 5 pencils = × =

2. Let's read the price tags of the given number of different things. Then,
say and write the unit price of unit number of thing.

a) What is the price of 2 pencils? Rs 20
What is the price of 1 pencil? Rs 20 ÷ 2 =

135Approved by Curriculum Development Centre, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur vedanta Excel in Mathematics - Book 4

Measurement: Time and Money ÷ = Rs 15
÷ = Rs 100
b) What is the price of 3 sweets?
What is the price of 1 sweet?
c) What is the price of 5 biscuits?
What is the price of 1 biscuit?

3. Let’s read the price of each item in the tag and find the cost of more
items.

Rs 10 Rs 5 Rs 20

cost of 2 pencils cost of 3 erasers cost of 5 pens
2 × Rs 10 = …………… 3 × Rs 5 = …………… 5 × Rs 20 = ……………
cost of 3 pencils cost of 2 erasers cost of 2 pens
……………………………… ……………………………… ……………………………….
cost of 10 pencils cost of 5 erasers cost of 3 pens
………………………………. ……………………………… ……………………………….

In this way, we find the value of more quantity by multiplication. We find the
value of unit quantity by division.

Let's learn to solve more problems by using multiplication and division from
the following examples.

Example 1: The cost of a book is Rs 145. Find the cost of 3 books.

Solution I got it!
The cost of 1 book = Rs 145 I find more value just
The cost of 3 books = 3 × Rs 145 by multiplication!!
= Rs 435
Hence, the cost of 3 books is Rs 435.

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Example 2: The cost of 5 packets of noodle is Rs 125. Find the cost of

a) 1 packet and b) 2 packets of noodle.

Solution

We understood!

a) Cost of 5 packets of noodles = Rs 125 We find unit value by division.

So, cost of 1 packet of noodle
125
Cost of 1 packet of noodle = Rs 125 = Rs 125 ÷ 5 = Rs 5
5

= Rs 25

Hence, the cost of 1 packet of noodle is Rs 25.

b) Cost of 1 packet of noodle = Rs 25

Cost of 2 packets of noodle = 2 × Rs 25

= Rs 50

Hence, the cost of 2 packets of noodle is Rs 50.

Example 3: The bus fare of 8 people is Rs 320. How much is the fare of 10

people?

Solution Now, it's easy to me!

The fare of 8 people = Rs 320 Fare of 1 person = Rs 320
8

The fare of 1 person = Rs 320 And fare of 10 people = Rs 320 × 10
8 8

= Rs 40 = Rs 400

The fare of 10 people = 10 × Rs 40

= Rs 400

Hence, the bus fare of 10 people is Rs 400.

7.11 Rate of cost

Classwork - Exercise

Let's study the given example. Then, tell and write the rate of cost of

different items. We got it!

Mother buys 1 kg of fruits for Rs 80. Rate of cost means
cost of unit quantity!

The rate of cost of fruit is Rs 80 per kg.

a) Dipak buys 1 kg of vegetables for Rs 60.

The rate of cost of vegetables is

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Measurement: Time and Money

b) Deepa buys 1 litre of sunflower oil for Rs 190.
The rate of cost of oil is

c) Dhurmus buys 2 pencils for Rs 20. per pencil.
The rate of cost of pencil = Rs 20 ÷ 2 =
I understood!
d) Suntali buys 3 erasers for Rs 15. = Rate of cost of eraser
The rate of cost of eraser = is the cost of 1 eraser!!

e) Pinky buys 5 sweets for Rs 25. =
The rate of cost of sweet =

Exercise - 7.4

Section A - Classwork
1. Let's say and write more values of more number of things.

a) Cost of 1 eraser is Rs 5, cost of 4 erasers is

b) Cost of 1 pencils is Rs 7, cost of 6 pencils is

c) Cost of 1 kg of tomatoes is Rs 50, cost of 3 kg of tomatoes is

d) Cost of 1 bottle of drinking water is Rs 20, cost of 6 bottles is

e) Cost of 1 litre of milk is Rs 90, cost of 5 litres of milk is

2. Let's say and write unit value of unit number of things.

a) Cost of 3 chocolates is Rs 30, cost of 1 chocolate is

b) Cost of 5 packets of noodle is Rs 100, cost of 1 packet is

c) Cost of 6 pencils is Rs 42, cost of 1 pencil is

d) Bus fare of 4 people is Rs 200, fare of 1 person is

e) Cost of 10 kg of potatoes is Rs 350, cost of 1 kg of tomatoes is

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3. Let's say and write the rate of cost.

a) The cost of 2 pencils is Rs 20.

What is the cost of 1 pencil? ÷ =

What is the rate of cost of pencil? per pencil.

b) The cost of 3 kg of mangoes is Rs 240.

What is the cost of 1 kg of mangoes? ÷ =

What is the rate of cost of mangoes? per kg.

c) The cost of 4 l of milk is Rs 360.

What is the cost of 1 l of milk? ÷ =

What is the rate of cost of milk? = per litre.

Section B

Let's read these problems carefully and solve them.

4. a) The cost of 1 packet of milk is Rs 40. Find the cost of 8 packets of milk.

b) The cost of 8 packets of milk is Rs 320. Find the cost of 1 packet of milk.

c) The cost of 1 kg of grapes is Rs 120. Find the cost of 5 kg of grapes.

d) The cost of 5 kg of grapes is Rs 600. Find the cost of 1 kg of grapes.

e) The cost of 1 l of cooking oil is Rs 310. How much is the cost of 6 l of oil?

f) The cost of 4 kg of sugar is Rs 340. Find the rate of cost of sugar.

5. a) The cost of 2 chocolates is Rs 40 and the cost of 3 biscuits is Rs 45.
Which one is more expensive?

b) The cost of 4 crayons is Rs 48 and the cost of 5 pencils is Rs 50. Which
one is cheaper?

6. a) The cost of 2 kg of vegetables is Rs 50.

(i) Find the cost of 1 kg of vegetables.

(ii) Find the cost of 3 kg of vegetables.

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b) There are 30 eggs in 1 crates of eggs and the cost of 1 crate of eggs is
Rs 450.

(i) Find the cost of 1 egg.
(ii) Find the cost of 1 dozen of eggs.

7. a) The cost of 4 exercise books is Rs 120. Find the cost of 6 exercise books.

b) Mother has Rs 1000 and she wants to buy some fruits. If the rate of
cost of fruits is Rs 210 per kg, is she able to buy 4 kg of fruits with that
money?

c) Father has Rs 500. He wants to buy some exercise books for you. Is the
money sufficient to buy a dozen of exercise books at the rate of Rs 40
per piece?

It's your time - Project work!

8. Let's collect the information about the rate of cost of the following items in
your locality.

Items Rice Sugar Cooking oil

Rate of cost per kg per kg per litre

a) Estimate the quantity of rice consumed by your family in 1 month and
in 1 year.

b) Estimate the expenditure on rice in 1 month and in 1 year.

c) Estimate the quantity of sugar consumed by your family in 1 month and
in 1 year.

d) Estimate the expenditure on sugar in 1 month and in 1 year.

e) Estimate the quantity of cooking oil consumed by your family in 1
month and in 1 year.

f) Estimate the expenditure on oil in 1 month and in year.

g) How much is the total expenditure on these items in 1 month and in 1
year?

?

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Unit Measurement: Time and Money

8 Measurement - Length, Weight and Capacity

8.1 Measurement of length - Looking back
Classwork - Exercise

1. Look at the pictures. Let's say and write the name of the non-standard
units of length.



2. Let's use your finger-width, hand-span, cubit, and foot-length to
measure these lengths.

a) Length of a pencil in finger-width finger-widths.

b) Length of a book in hand-span hand-spans.

c) Length of your desk or table in cubit cubits.

d) Width of a door in foot-length foot-lengths.

e) Why are finger-width, hand-span, cubit, and foot-length called
non-standard units? Discuss with your friends.

8.2 Standard units of length

Facts to remember!

(i) Millimetre, centimeter, metre and kilometer are the units of
measurement of length (or distance).

(ii) Millimetre is shorter than centimeter, centimeter is shorter than
metre, and metre is shorter than kilometre.

(iii) We write millimeter as mm, centimeter as cm, metre as m and
kilometre as km.

(v) We measure shorter length in cm and mm, longer length in m and
cm. We measure the distance between two places in km and m.

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Measurement: Length, Weight and Capacity

Classwork - Exercise
1. Look at the standard instruments. Let's say and tick the appropriate

instrument and unit to measure the given lengths.

a) Length of a playground is measured by a (ruler/measuring-tape/
milometre) in (cm/m/km)

b) Length of a pencil is measured by a (ruler/measuring-tape/milometre)
in (cm/m/km)

c) Height of a room is measured by a (ruler/measuring-tape/milometre) in
(cm/m/km).

d) Distance between two towns is measured by a (ruler/measuring tape/
milometre) in (cm/m/km).

Ruler (centimetre-scale or metre-scale), measuring tape and milometre
are the standard instruments to measure the lengths. Centimetre (cm),
metre (m) and kilometre (km) are the standard units of measurement of
length (or distance).

2. Let's learn about centimetre (cm) and millimetre (mm) in the given
centimetre-scale. Then tell and write the lengths of different objects.

1cm=10mm 5.4 cm 8.2 cm 12.8 cm

3 cm 5 mm = 3.5 cm

a)

Length of eraser cm

b) Length of pencil cm

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8.3 Conversion of units of length
Let's remember the relation between millimetre (mm), centimtre (cm),

metre (m) and kilometre (km).

1 cm = 10 mm 10 mm = 1 cm
2 cm = 2 × 10 mm = 20 mm
3 cm = 3 × 10 mm = 30 mm 1 mm = 1 cm = 0.1 cm
And so on... 10
cm × 10 mm
2 mm = 2 cm = 0.2 cm
10

And so on...

mm ÷ 10 cm

1 m = 100 cm 100 cm = 1 m
2 m = 2 × 100 cm = 200 cm
3 m = 3 × 100 cm = 300 cm 1 cm = 1 m = 0.01 m
And so on... 100
m × 100 cm
25 cm = 25 m = 0.25 m
100

And so on...

cm ÷ 100 m

1 km = 1000 m 1000 m = 1 km

2 km = 2 × 1000 m = 2000 m 1 m = 1 km = 0.01 km
3 km = 3 × 1000 m = 3000 m 1000
4 km = 4 × 1000 m = 4000 m
And so on... 86 m = 86 km = 0.086 km
1000

345 m = 345 km = 0.345 km
1000

And so on...

km × 1000 m m ÷ 1000 km

Now, let's learn about the conversion of lengths from the following examples.

Example 1: Covert a) 2 cm 4 mm into mm b) 5 cm 6 mm into cm

Solution 1 cm = 10 mm b) 5 cm 6 mm 1 mm = 10 cm
a) 2 cm 4 mm 6
2 cm = 2 × 10 mm 6 6 mm = 10 cm
= 2 × 10 mm + 4 mm 10
= 20 mm = 5 cm + cm = 0.6 cm

= 20 mm + 4 mm = 5 cm + 0.6 cm

= 24 mm = 5.6 cm

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Measurement: Length, Weight and Capacity

Example 2: Covert a) 3 m 25 cm into cm b) 4 m 82 cm into m

Solution 1 m = 100 cm b) 4 m 82 cm 100 cm = 1 m
a) 3 m 25 cm 82
= 3 × 100 cm + 25 cm 3 m = 3 × 100 cm = 4 m + 82 m 82 cm = 100 cm
100
= 300 cm = 0.82 cm

= 300 cm + 25 cm = 4 m + 0.82 m

= 325 cm = 4.82 m

Example 3: Convert 4 km 560 m into km. 1000 m = 1 km
Solution

4 km 560 m = 4 km + 560 km 560 m = 560 km
1000 1000
= 0.560 km
= 4 km + 0.560 km
= 0.56 km
= 4.560 km

= 4.56 km 4.560 is the same as 4.56

Exercise - 8.1

Section A - Classwork

1. Let’s write the appropriate units to measure the length of the following

objects.
a)

Length of objects Appropriate units

Length of a pencil cm and mm

Length of an eraser

Length of your mathematics book

Length of white board

Length of your classroom

b) What are the appropriate units to measure the distance between your
house and school? ………………………………………….

c) What are the appropriate unit to measure the distance between

Kakadvitta and Kanchanpur? …………………………………

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2. Let's say and write the correct answer in the blank spaces.
a) Any three standard instruments to measure the lengths are

b) Any three standard units of measurements of lengths are



c) In a centimetre-scale, 1 cm is divided into equal parts and
each part is called

d) Each part of 100 equal parts of a metre-scale is equal to

e) There are metres in 1 km.

3. Let’s write the readings of the letters marked on the centimetre-ruler
in cm and mm.

A B C D EF G HI j

Reading of A is ………5…m…m………… Reading of B is …1…c…m……8…m…m……
Reading of C is ……………………… Reading of D is ………………………
Reading of E is ……………………… Reading of F is ………………………
Reading of G is ……………………… Reading of H is ………………………
Reading of I is ……………………… Reading of J is ………………………
4. Let’s write the length of the objects on the centimetre-ruler.

a)

Length of the crayon is …......7...c..m..…5…m…m………

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Measurement: Length, Weight and Capacity

b)

Length of the eraser is ………………………………….


c)

Length of the toothbrush is …………………………………..
d)

Length of the pencil is …………………………………..

5. Let’s measure the length of the following objects by using a centimetre-
ruler.

a)

Length of the comb is ………………………………….

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Measurement: Length, Weight and Capacity

b)

Length of the scissors is ………………………………
c)

Length of the goggles is ……………………………..

6. Let's measure the lengths of these line segments using ruler. Tell and
write the lengths in the blanks spaces.

a) A B b) P Q

AB = PQ =

c) X Y d) C D
XY = CD =

7. Let's covert higher to lower or lower to higher units.

a) 1 cm = mm, 5 cm = × mm = mm

b) 1 m = cm, 4 m = × cm = cm

c) 1 km = m, 2 km = × m = m
d) 10 mm = = cm
e) 100 cm = cm, 5 mm = 5 cm m
10 m =

m, 75 cm =

f) 1000 m = km, 432 m = km = km

147Approved by Curriculum Development Centre, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur vedanta Excel in Mathematics - Book 4

Measurement: Length, Weight and Capacity

8. Let's convert into the decimal of higher units of length.
4 cm 6 mm = 4.6 cm, 2 m 36 cm = 2.36 m, 3 km 215 m = 3.215 km

a) 7 cm 3 mm = cm b) 5 cm 8 mm = cm

c) 1 m 25 cm = m d) 4 m 64 cm = m

e) 1 km 148 m = km f) 2 km 788 m = km

Section B

9. Let's convert the units of length as indicated.

a) 2 cm 5 mm (into mm) b) 6 cm 7 mm (into mm)

c) 4 cm 2 mm (into cm) d) 8 cm 4 mm (into cm)

e) 1 m 20 cm (into cm) f) 2 m 46 cm (into cm)

g) 3 m 55 cm (into m) h) 5m 80 cm (into m)

i) 1 km 150 m (into m) j) 2 km 300 m (into m)

k) 4 km 218 m (into km) l) 7 km 945 m (into km)

10. a) The thickness of a book is 1 cm 4 mm. Express this thickness in
centimetres.

b) The length of a finger nail is 0.7 cm. Express this length in millimetres.

c) The length of a bridge is 30 m 54 cm. Express this length in metres.

d) The distance between two places is 3 km 527 m. Express this distance in
kilometres.

e) A tunnel is 0.916 km long. Express this length in metres.

11. Let's draw the line segments of the following lengths.

a) 4 cm b) 4.5 cm c) 5.6 cm d) 6.8 cm e) 7.2 cm

It's your time - Project work!

12. Let's use a 15 cm - ruler and find

a) thickness of your math book in mm. b) length of your pencil in cm.

c) length of your longest finger in cm.

13. Let's use a measuring tape and find

a) Your waist in cm b) length of trousers in m and cm

c) length and breadth of your classroom in metres.

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