Traditional and Modern Medicines 1

T Mraditional and odern
Medicines

Name: Chin Wei Nian
Class: 5Gigih

Subject: Chemistry

Characteristic of medicines :

1. Chemical substance used to help
us treat and prevent disease

2. Medicine can be separate to
modern medicine and traditional
medicine

3. Medicine is safe if use correctly
4. Mainly for health purpose but

could hurt us if use wrongly

Difference between Modern and
Traditional Medicines

Modern Traditional Medicine
Medicine
• Came from plants,
• Came from plants and microorganisms and synthetic
animals chemical substance

• Usually prepared by • Uses new technology for
crushing certain parts example
of the plants using biotechnology ,nanotechnology
pestle and mortar and genetic engineering for
modern medicine production

• Evolved through • Available in the form of pills ,
processing and capsules ,powders and liquids
marketing in the form
of pills and capsules

Example of Traditional Medicine
➢ Ginger
➢ Ginseng
➢ Turmeric
➢ Aloe Vera

Ginger (Zingiber officinale)

.

Benefits : Used for aid digestion

Reduce nausea
Fights flu and common cold
Lower blood sugar
Improve heart disease risk factors
Reduce menstrual pain

Ginger’s medical properties mainly
comes from the bioactive compound
called Ginerol

Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.)

Benefits: Reduce Inflammation

Boost immune system
Reduce the risk of cancer

(lip, mouth,esophagus, stomach, colon, liver and lung)

Control of blood glucose

Ginsenosides is the major
pharmacologically active ingredient in
ginseng , which is responsible for
most of the activities of ginseng
including vasorelaxation , antioxidation , anti-
inflammation and anti-cancer

Turmeric (Curcuma longa)

Benefits : Increase antioxidant capacity of the body

Boost brain-drived neutrophic factor
Lower risk of heart disease
Reduce metastasis (spread of cancer)
Treat Alzeimer’s disease

Curcumin is the main active
ingredient in turmeric. It has powerful anti-
inflammatory effects and is a very strong
antioxidant.

Aloe vera （Aloe barbadensis miller ）

Benefits : Heartburn relief
Lower blood sugar
Helps with constipation
Boost nutrients

(vitamins B, C, E, and folic acid )

Main active component of Aloe juice
are hydroxyanthracenic derivatives
Aloe vera contains 75 potentially active
constituents: vitamins, enzymes,
minerals, sugars, lignin, saponins,
salicylic acids and amino acids.

Example of modern medicine
➢ Analgesic
➢ Antimicrobe
➢ Antiallergic
➢ Corticosteriod

Analgesic
Example: Paracetamol

Aspirin
Codeine

Use : Relieve pain and inflammation

Example : After surgery.

Due to injury, such as a fractured bone.
For acute (sudden, short-term) pain, such as a twisted ankle or headache.
For aches and pains like menstrual cramps or muscle soreness.
For chronic painful conditions such as arthritis, cancer or back pain.

Side effects(If use too often)
: .Diarrhea or constipation.

.Nausea, upset stomach or heartburn.
.Ringing in the ears, or even deafness.

Antimicrobe
Example: Antibiotic (Streptomycin)

Antiseptic (hydrogen peroxide)
Disinfectant (alcohol)

Uses :

Antibiotic : To treat or prevent some types of bacterial infections
Antiseptic : Help to stop the growth of microorganisms on the skin
Disinfectant : Applied to non-living objects in order to destroy

bacteria, viruses, fungi, mold or mildews living on the objects

(Antibiotic)
Side effects
: .vomiting nausea (feeling like you may vomit)

.diarrhoea
.bloating and indigestion
.abdominal pain
.loss of appetite

Way to use
: Consume fully , if not bacteria will be immune to the

antibiotic and the illness will happen again

(Antiseptic)
Way to use
: Only apply on the surface and Do not consume

Psychotic drugs
Example : Haloperidol

Chlorpromazine
Clozapine
Uses : Use to treat illness that make the patient see , hear and believe

things that are not real

Side effects : Cause face and body to do movements that is not normal

! Only be taken with doctor’s prescription

Antiallergy
Example : Antihistamine

Cetirizine
Fexofenadine

Uses : (Antihistamine): relieves runny nose dan itching

Corticosteroid

Example: Betamethasone valerate

Prednisolone

Uses :Provide relief to the inflamed area

Reduce swelling ,redness ,itchiness ,allergic reaction ,asthma and
arthritis

!Only be taken with doctor’s prescription