LAB KONKRIT

PROGRAMME DIPLOMA IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
COURSE CODE
DCC10022 : BRICKWORK AND CONCRETE
TITLE LABORATORY
Lab. No. SLUMP TEST
LECTURER NAME
DCC10022/CED/4

PUAN AINUL HAEZAH BT NORUZMAN

STUDENT NAME AND NO. MATRIC
HARITH MARWAN BIN MAHADI
(08DKA22F1062)

MUHAMMAD ERFAN BIN MD FAUDZI
(08DKA22F1160)

SITI ALIAH BT AHMAD MALIIKI
(08DKA22F1162)

NOR HUSNA BINTI NOR AZLI
(08DKA22F1167)

NO CONTENT
1. PROJECT INTRODUCTION
2. TOOLS
3. MATERIALS
4. PROCEDURE
5.
6.

WHAT IS SLUMP TEST ?

Concrete slump test or slump cone test is to determine the workability
or consistency of concrete mix prepared at the laboratory or the
construction site during the progress of the work. Concrete slump test is
carried out from batch to batch to check the uniform quality of concrete
during construction. The slump test is the most simple workability test
for concrete, involves low cost and provides immediate results.

OBJECTIVE

To measure the workability of a sample from batch of fresh concrete of
a given mix (as recommended by BS EN 12350-2:2000)

THEORY :

The function of slump test is to provide a simple method of controlling or
detecting varation in the uniformity of a mix. It is a fairly good method of
measuring the consistency or flow characteristic of a concrete mixture
and gives an idea of water/cement ratio needed for concrete to be used
for different works.

Unsupported concrete when it is fresh will flow to the sieds and
decrease in height of the slumped concrete. This vertical decrease in
height is called slump. Slump increase water/cement ratio.

Figure 1 shows the typical types ofslump. The description of workability,
either very low, low, medium or high and the corresponding magnitude
of slump and compating factors values are shown.

APPARATUS : • It measures the workability of a fresh
concrete mix, to record mixture
1. SLUMP CONE characteristics (True slump, Shear,
( 100mm top, 200mm Collapse) or as an indirect method of
bottom and 300mm height) determining the water/cement ratio

2. BASE PLATE (2’ 2’) • Base plate is carried out by filling the
slump cone with fresh concrete. The
3. STEEL TAMPING ROD slump cone is then removed and the
(16mm diameter and distance the concrete falls
600mm long)
• Tamping rods are dimensionally
5. SCOOP accurate rods used to tamp fresh
concrete into concrete cylinder molds
and grout sample boxes to eliminate
voids and excess a

• It is used for lifting and moving bulk
materials such as sand, soil and
cemen

6. BRICK TROWEL

• hand float is used to finish a concrete
surface by making it smooth. A float
is used after surfacehas been made
level using screed. In addition
toremoving surface imperfections,
floating will compact the concrete as
preparation for further steps

• to measure the specified amount of
water in order to mix the concrete as
desired

MATERIALS • Cement binds concrete together. It is a fine
1.CEMENT powder made up of crushed minerals such
as limestone and clay that function as a
2. SAND binder

• It renders structure more resistant against
atmospheric agencies. Well graded sand
adds to the density of mortars and concrete

3. AGGREGATES • Aggregates make up 60-80% of the volume
4. WATER of theconcrete and 70-85% of the mass of
concrete. Aggregate is also very important
for strength, thermal, and elastic properties
of concrete, dimensional stability and
volume stability

• Water is the key ingredient, which when
mixed with cement, forms a paste that binds
the aggregate together. The water causes
the hardening of concrete througha process
called hydration

SAFETY PRECAUTION

1. Wear safety equipment
2. Practise safety habits
3. Comply to all instruction and regulations

PROCEDURE :

STEP 1: SAMPLE PREPATION

1. The aggregates were in laboratory dry condition. The cement were sifting to make
sure the quality of cement is good for slump test.

2. The quantity of concrete produced based on ratio of 2 : 4 : 6 which means 2 pail of
cement, 4 pail of sand and 6 pail of aggregate. All the materials are weighed first as
determined so that the mixing will be done in good condition. 900ml of water has
been measured.

3. Those 3 material were added (cement, sand and aggregate) and were mixed
together.

4. The materials were mixed with 450ml of water until the mixed blend well. A circle is
made on the middle of the material so the water will not overflow. The materials are
mixed until the water permeates and blends. Add 450ml of waterand repeat the
same procedure.

SAFETY PRECAUTION

1. Wear safety equipment
2. Practise safety habits
3. Comply to all instruction and regulations

PROCEDURE :
STEP 2 : SLUMP TEST

1. Clean the inside mould and place it on hard, flat and non absorbent
surface.

2. Take a representative sample (about 15kg) from a fresh concrete mix.

3. Fill the mould in your layers of concrete of approximately equal depth
(each layer is about 75mm).

4. Each layer rodded 25 times with the rounded end of a steel rod. Make
sure each rodding passes through the height of each layer.

5. After the top layer, has been rodded, the surface of concrete is struck off
with a trowel to level up with the top of the mould.

6. Clean away any spillage of the concrete around the base of the mould.

7. Carefully and slowly lift the mould vertically from the concrete. Invert
the mould and place it next to the moulded concrete. The concrete will
slump.

8. Place the rod across the top of the mould.

9. The slump is the difference between the height of the slumped
concrete and the mould. Using the steel ruler, measure the slump from
the top of the concrete to the underside of the rod.

10. Record the slump to the nearest 5mm.

PRECAUTION :

1. The test should be done 6 minutes after water is added to dry
concrete mix (as recommended by BS 1881 : Part 102, 1983)

2. During filling the mould must be firmly pressed against its base.
3. The rodding should be applied uniformly through the entire

area of the concrete.
4. The bottom layer should be rodded throught out its depth.
5. Vibrations from nearby machine increasecthe subsidence.
6. If the specimen collapse off laterally, repeat the test with

another sample of the same batch of concrete.
7. If, in repeat test the specimen should again collapse or shear,

record the slump.

Data Collection :

Result :
1. The distance of reduction slump :
2. Types of slump : True Slump

3. From the schedule consistencies of and level of work, the mixes of
concrete is 2:4:6

QUESTIONS :
1.What is the purpose of water in a concrete mix ?
Water plays a very huge role in the concrete mix. It's purpose is however
broken down into two main things
Bonding: water in the ingredient in the concrete that mixes with cement to
form what is called a binder. It establishes/increases the bond between the
cement, the aggregate and the admixture. Water is also responsible for the
process of hydration that leads to the hardening of concrete to form different
structures.
Workability: this is the ease of ferrying and mixing concrete. It can also be
regarded as the fluidity of the concrete. Thanks to Water, concrete can be
easily mixed to form the desired mixture. The role of water is to reduce
external friction between the concrete and whichever equipment being used
to mix it. It will also reduce internal friction between the aggregate and the
cement. It is because of the workability facilitated by water that concrete can
be moulded into different shapes before it can harden.

2.What the precautions should you take when you store a cement?
Storage of cement bags on-site should be done in buildings or closed sheds
whose floor, roof, and walls should be dry, leakproof and moisture-proof.
Dampness is also responsible for the moisture in cement. So, the cement bags
should be stored on wooden pallets in such a way that as to keep about
150mm to 200mm above the ground level.
The lose cement may be stored indefinitely in air-tight containers. But it is
advisable to avoid storing of cement in jute bags for a period longer than 3
months. If it is unavoidable, the cement should be tested to ascertain its
properties.
Store leftover cement carefully, they should re-bagged in plastic bags and the
mouth sealed securely with string.

3. How the mixing of cement concrete is carried out ?

Sand, cement and aggregates spread on the platform and mixed for
several times with shovel in the dry state. When the mixture is blended,
make a hole at the centre of the mixture. Center to side, then back to the
centre and again.
After that, depression is made at the center of the mixed materials. Add
75% quantity of water in the depression and mixed the shovels. Lastly,
the remaining amount of water is added and the mixing is continued until
consistency of concrete is obtained. The total time take for mixing should
be done in 3 minutes.

4.How do you check the moisture content by sand ?

The moisture content test sand calculation is carried out by comparing a
sample of sand before drying to the same sample after it has been
heated to remove water. This can be done by heating the sample in an
oven or in a pan, however Precisa offers an all-in-one solution that will
save you valuable time when calculating the moisture content.

CONCLUSION :

From the performed experiment we came to know that our mean slump
value was 70mm which describes that it is True Slump and its workability
is good. The concrete slump test measure the consistency of fresh
concrete before it sets. It is performed to check to workability of freshly
made concrete, and therefore the ease with which concrete flows. It can
be used as an indicator of an improperly mixed batch. The test is popular
due to the simplicity of apparatus used and simple procedure. The
slumped concrete takes various shapes and according to the profile of
slumped concrete, the slump is termed as true slump, shear slump or
collapse slump. If a shear or collapse slump is achieved, a fresh sample
should be taken and the test repeated.

REFERENCES :

1. Tan Boon Tong (1995), Teknologi Binaan Bangunan,
Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.

2. Mat Lazim (1997), Bahan dan Binaan, Dewan Bahasa
dan Pustaka.

3. Azizan Mohd Noor (2003), Implementasi Kerja
Bangunan, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.

4. Mahyuddin ramli (1991), Teknologi Konkrit dan
Pembinaan, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.

5. Kartini Kamaruddin, anizahyati Alisibramulisi, Goh Lyn
dee dan Norliyati Mohd Amin (2008), Stuctural &
Materials Laboratory Manual, Universiti Teknologi MARA
Shah Alam.