Introduction of Computers

1. Introduction (What is computer?)


A computer simply but technically say is a programmable electronic
device where sets of order was pre-programmed to execute varieties of programs
that was downloaded from the World Wide Web (WWW). Other than that, it accepts
input from external where it is mouse button, key on keyboard and touchscreen (if
there any) it also provides storage for data, programs, or output when needed.













Modern laptop and routers


th
Most modern computers today (5 generation) in present day has a vast
capabilities such as communications capabilities where it was connected to
routers for accessing the World Wide Web which there, routers take “packets” of
electronic data and send them in the direction (IP address) to connect with the
intended person.

Also, modern computers perform generic sets of operations to what
known as programs. These programs enable computers do a wide range of
tasks.






Do you know a phone was also a
type of computers?
















Furthermore, computers also have a progression of input, process, output
and storage where it also called as information processing cycle. Take for
example, when we take a picture, we press the camera and it’s an input. And from
there the phone (yes, a phone also a computer) would process the light that
entered the lens and that’s where process begin. Finally, it would appear as picture on
the screen a.k.a the output and if we kept the photo, it would go to the storage

1.1 You, Me, Computer (Computers in our Daily Lives)
Computer in our daily lives can’t be denied its usefulness especially in this 21
st
century where everything is as simple as a click.




Managing large
Computers labs sums of numbers

and classrooms
and data



The use of

computers



Decision-making

Online Classes especially on-the-


job decisions




With how rapid humanity advances in term of technology, we continue to
further our studies in it to increase life quality as well as helping people went on our
daily life with one goal in mind and that is to MAKE LIFE EASIER because that’s what
the purpose of computer invented in the first place.

1.2 Buying Computers 101 (By Hafizzi guided by teacher Anum)


In order to buy a computer, we need to consider 3 things and that is budget, why we
buy it, and the specifications of the computer.



1. Budget.
Most laptop nowadays is cheaper than the price in the early 2000’s where it’s
the age of early laptop development. And if you search for a laptop in any
online market platforms you might get an offer around RM2000 – 3000 and
this is mostly low to middle range laptop which is much cheaper than building
a personal computer.




























Example of laptop list from Lazada.com

2. Why we buy it?

Most people would probably answer such as working purpose, programming, and
even gaming. Keep that aside, if you’re a student a middle range laptop might be
enough for you.













Brand example: Asus,
Lenovo, Acer







Example of middle range laptop (RM1700-3000)

(Common specs, affordable, and for light gaming)

















Brand example: MSI,
Alienware, Asus ROG







Example of gaming laptop (RM3000-5000++)

(crazy specs, expensive and for long term usage)

Brand example: Dell, Acer,
Apple (secondhand).






Example of business laptop (RM1000- 5000)

(low specs, lightweight, affordable)



3. Specifications
Just like your body, it needs parts to perform correctly. And just like computers. They
need the parts to perform exceptionally well. When buying pc or laptop, the
specifications is a thing to take note of to save budgets and to avoid getting
scammed. (Scammer only care about your money!)



Things to consider:



Hard Drive
(SSD OR HDD)



Operating
Processor
System


Laptop
requirements.








Video Card Memory

Processor: To process every task that was instructed.




Processor with
different
generation usually
has their own
purposes









Operating System: Linux (Father of OS), MacOs (For rich kids), and Windows
(widely used)





Every OS has their
own interface and
some OS is very
different than
others.









Memory (RAM Random Access Memory): To perform multiple task.





Do you know that
double channel
RAM is faster?












Hard Drive: To store memory and boot up your computer

SSD (Solid State Drive):
Faster reading
time.
Recommended to
put your OS here.
More expensive
than HDD.






HDD (Hard Disk Drive):


Could store
more data than
SSD for a much
cheaper price.
But slower
reading time.






Video/Graphic Card: To generates output image to display

Bigger memory
of graphic card
enables to
render more
data
simultaneously

1.3 Laptop/PC and its parts

Just like human body, they all depending to each other in order to function
properly. And the same applies for computer. If any of the parts malfunctioned or
broken, then the computer would be as good as chunk of metal.





























Parts of a laptop





























Parts of a PC



Notes: The difference between parts of a laptop and a PC is that laptop
parts mostly are internal and built for portability. But a PC on other hand,
built for a long-term usage in one place and but offers better
performance.

1.4 Computers to fit every needs

Computers were primarily built for military use. But after a while, it evolves for public usage and
today, computers were in different kind of shape and size.





Computers type and its usage









Embedded Personal Mainframe Supercomputers:
computers: Mobile devices:
computers: computers: extremely
Tiny computers mobiles phones powerful
embedded into / smartphones, fully functioning powerful computers used
product to tablets and small portable or computers used for complex
desktop
to host a large
perform specific personal device. computers. amount of data. computational
functions. and processing.













Supercomputer – Complex
calculations mainly







VS

(Same looks, different functions)





Mainframe computer – Store a
HUGE amount of data

Mobile devices – super portable
types of computers (fit your
pocket!)


















Embedded computer – Even your
rice cooker!

















PC/Laptop – one place usage for
PC and portable one is laptop
know the differences!

1.5 Computers evolution


Living things evolve to adapt to their surroundings and gradually grows feature that helps them to
survive place they’re living in. It’s the same thing as computers, they evolve after people starts to
saw their potential towards a better world.




COMPUTER’S EVOLUTION TIMELINE








Early computers 1st gen 2nd gen

(1946) (1947 – 1957) (1958 – 1963)










5th gen 4th gen 3rd gen
(2010 - present) (1971 – 2010) (1964 – 1970)

Fifth Generation Computers. ~~OwO~~

1.6 Data, Information, Knowledge
Everything that we saw is a data. But is it organized into a group? If it is, that is a piece of
information that falls under a category. And if you understand something from it, that is a
knowledge you just get.









Knowledge
Know-how, experience, insight, understand and
contextualized information







Information
Categorized, calculated and contextualized data






Data

Unorganized facts and figures that relays something specific

Data, Information,
Knowledge concept



































2. Information- But
wait! The number
isn’t just a number.
The meaning of the
number behind it
shows the new case
and the overall case








3. Knowledge- From 1. Data- It is just a number. What is the meaning behind
this, we know the it? (Ignore the words above it)
Covid-21 new case is
17,786 and overall
case over 1 million