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Name Comparison of Adjectives (Lesson 24)
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Comparison of Adjectives (Lesson 24)

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Primary 4: Rev Up! English

What is Courage?
Courage comes from the Latin word cor, meaning “heart.” It refers to the
strength to face difficulty or danger without fear. It is similar to bravery.

It is also part of the words “encourage” and “discourage.”

To encourage someone is to give them “heart,” to hearten them. The prefix “en-”
means “put into.”

To discourage someone is to take away their “heart,” to dishearten them. The
prefix “dis-” means “take away.”

Exercise 1: Put a tick in the correct boxes.

1. What does courage sound like?

a. I'll try it! or I don’t want to try it.

b. I might get hurt. or I can do it!

2. What does courage look like? or Not admitting one’s
a. Owning up to wrongdoing mistake

b. Setting a goal and sticking or Giving up after one
to it failed try

3. You were playing football with your friends at the playground. You kicked the
ball too far out and it hit a parked car, smashing the windscreen. What would
be the brave thing to do?

a. Run away as fast as your legs can carry you.

Leave a note with your name and contact number so that you
b. can apologise and take the necessary action.

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Primary 4: Rev Up! English

Positive Degree
We use the positive degree when two objects are the same or similar in character
when compared.
Example 1:

House A House B
HouseA is as big as House B. (big)

Comparative Degree
We use the comparative degree when we compare two things.
Most adjectives with two syllables are formed by adding “-er” and followed by “than”.
Usually, adjectives that have three or more syllables or end with “-ful” begin with “more”.

Example 2:

The scooter is slow but the bicycle is slower. (slow)
Example 3:

Shaun Dom

Shawn is hardworking but Dom is more hardworking. (hardworking)

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Primary 4: Rev Up! English

Superlative Degree

When three or more things are being compared we use the superlative.
Most adjectives with two syllables are formed by adding “-est”.
Usually, adjectives that have three or more syllables or end with “-ful” begin
with “most”.

Example 4:

The bicycle is the slowest form of transportation. (slow)

Example 5:

Shaun Dom Christopher

Christopher is the most hardworking boy among the three of them. (hardworking)

Comparative/Superlative Degree (Irregular)

Example 6: library supermarket swimming pool
My house

The library is far from my house but the supermarket is further. (far)
The swimming pool is the furthest from my house.

Others: bad, worse, worst little, less, least
good, better, best many, more, most
3
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Primary 4: Rev Up! English

Exercise 2: Correct the sentences below by rewriting each sentence.

1. The white puppy is cutest than the black puppy.

.

2. My mother’s handphone is as newer as my father’s handphone. .
3. Christiano Ronaldo is the better football player in the world. .

4. My brother laughed most loudly than my sister.

.

5. The circus performance was even most amazing than I had thought it would be.
.

6. John is the more creative artist in my class.

.

7. The seats at the front of the theatre are best than these here.

.

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Primary 4: Rev Up! English

A True Hero

Oscar Schindler was an ambitious German businessman living in Krakow,
Poland during World War 2. He wanted to be rich and famous and so, he befriended

many high-ranking German officers and colonels. He would buy them drinks and
expensive cigarettes. Oscar Schindler learnt about Germany’s war plans and the

plans to murder all the Jews living in Europe. 5

He borrowed some money from a friend and bought a factory just outside of

town. His factory produced pots and pans. He did not have to pay for workers as the

German army officers gave him Jewish prisoners of war to work in his factory for free.

Soon, he became one of the wealthiest men in Krakow and was able to pay off his

loan. 10

Oscar Schindler saw what was happening to the Jews and knew it was not

right. They were getting murdered by the thousands and were treated unjustly. As

time went by, he forgot about wealth and riches and became devoted to saving the
lives of Jews. His factory began producing shells for the German army. However,

Oscar Schindler made sure that the quality of the shells would be too poor to use for 15
the war.

He had many Jewish slaves in his factory but he did not need that many
workers. He spent millions of dollars bribing the German officers in exchange for more
Jewish workers. He looked after his workers till the end of the war and did not allow
any Jewish person to be killed in his factory. He had to be very careful as the 20
Germans came often to inspect his factory. If the Germans found out that he was
helping the Jews, they would kill him too.

When the war ended, he was penniless and had nowhere to go, but he had
saved over 1 200 lives. Generations of Jews live today because of him.

New Words/Phrases

1. shells – outing casings for bullets

Jewish prisoners during World War 2 Oscar Schindler

Is the title of the passage suitable? Yes / No
Give an explanation:

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Primary 4: Rev Up! English

Exercise 3: Read the passage carefully and answer the questions
below. Put a tick in the correct box for questions 1 to 3.

1. Which phrase in the passage tells you that Oscar Schindler was an ambitious man?

The phrase is .

a. “He wanted to be rich and famous…”

b. “… he forgot about wealth and riches.”

2. How do you know Oscar Schindler wanted to reduce the casualty rate on the
battlefield?

a. He made sure that the quality of the shells his factory produced would
be too poor to use for the war.

b. He spent millions of dollars bribing the German officers in exchange
for more Jewish slaves.

3. Choose the sentence which best reflects why Oscar Schindler is considered a hero.

a. He did not allow any Jewish person to be killed in his factory.
b. He had more Jewish workers in his factory than he needed.
c. Many Jews of yesteryear and today owe their lives to him.

4. When Oscar Schindler saw what was happening to the Jews, he knew it was not
right and did something about it. Refer to Paragraph 4 and write down 2 brave
things he did. Write your answers in the table below.
E.g. His factory produced shells that were too poor in quality to use for the war.

i)

ii)

5. Do you think Oscar Schindler’s business continued after the war? How do you know?

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Primary 4: Rev Up! English

Exercise 4:
Read the passage and fill in the blanks with the correct comparative or
superlative forms of the adjectives in the brackets.

Nelson Mandela, a black South African, was one of the 1.

(great) leaders of the 20th and early 21st centuries. Mandela was born on July 18, 1918

and was a lawyer by profession.

He became a civil-rights activist in South Africa and

fought long and hard against apartheid, a system where non-

white citizens had 2. (few) rights

than whites. He was arrested by the South African

government for his protests and for leading a campaign
of the
against apartheid. He served one
terms
3. (long) jail Nelson Mandela

in history, spending twenty-seven years behind bars.
While this long prison sentence was a cruel fate for Mr Mandela, it brought

4. (international) attention to the apartheid system than

ever before. As a result of international pressure, Mr Mandela was finally released from

jail in 1990.

Once released from prison, he demonstrated even 5.
(great) resolve to complete his mission to end apartheid in South Africa. His tireless

efforts paid off eventually with apartheid being abolished in 1994 and laws passed to

ensure that no citizen in South Africa was of a 6. (low) status

than another. For his dedication to the cause of making this world a

7. (fair) place for all regardless of race or creed and for his

efforts in ending apartheid peacefully, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1993. He

remains one of the 8. (recognisable) recipients of this award.

He died on December 5, 2013 but he will always be remembered for being one of

the 9. (brave) and 10. (compassionate)

human beings of this century.

New Words/Phrases
1. civil-rights activist – a person who is involved in fighting for

equal opportunities for all people
2. apartheid – system (in South Africa) of separation and

discrimination of people by race
3. resolve – determination
4. abolished – put an end to
5. recipients – people who receive
6. creed – a system of religious belief/faith Nelson Mandela casting his

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