PL AR RS P5L42 Revison 7 WS

Primary 5

Rocket Science

Name
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Tutor LESSON 42 (REVISION – PLANT SYSTEMS & LIFE CYCLE)

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Topic LESSON 42 (REVISION – PLANT SYSTEMS & LIFE CYCLE)

Primary 5: Rocket Science

Lesson Outline

• Notes
• Activity 1: Fun facts
• Activity 2: MCQS
• Activity 3: Open-ended Questions
• Activity 4: Science in daily life

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Primary 5: Rocket Science

Revision – Plant systems
Plant system
Stem: Transport food, water and mineral salts.
Leaf: Contains chlorophyll which traps light energy to enable the plant to make food. It also
contains small openings to allow the exchange of gases between the plant and its surroundings
to take place.
Root: Absorbs water and mineral salts from the soil. Hold the plant firmly to the ground.
Flower: Attract animals for pollination. Enable the plant to bear fruits and seeds.
Fruit: Contains and protects the seeds. Attracts animals to help in scattering of the fruit and
seeds.
Seed: Enables the plant to reproduce.
Conditions needed for germination of a seed: Water, air and warmth.

Plant transport system
• The transport system in plants is made up of two tubes: ________________ and

_________________.
• The food made by leaves is transported to the other parts of a plant such as the roots,

the stem, the flowers and the fruits. This is carried by the ______________.
• Water and minerals absorbed by the roots are also transported to the other parts of the

plant. They are carried by the _______________.

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Primary 5: Rocket Science

Revision – Life cycles

• A seed germinates when it gets sufficient air, water and warmth.

• After a few days, a young plant will grow from the seed. The young plant is called a seedling.
• Initially, the seedling gets its food from the seed leaves. When the first true leaves appear and

turn green, the plant is able to carry out photosynthesis (make its own food.)
• More leaves gradually grow to enable the plant to make more food. Roots grow further into the

soil to take in water and mineral salts for the plant.
• After many weeks, the plant flowers and produces fruits.
• Fruits eventually ripen.
• Each fruit contains many seeds. When the seeds fall to the ground, they are able to germinate

if the conditions are right. A new life cycle begins.

Number of Stages in Stages Examples
Life Cycle Egg

Adult - Cockroach
- Dragonfly
Nymph - Damselfly AR Model –
- Grasshopper Grasshopper

Three - Birds, eg. chicken, crow
- Reptiles, eg. crocodile, lizard
Adult Egg - Fishes, eg. goldfish, clownfish
- Mammals that lay eggs, eg.
Young
platypus and spiny anteater
- Amphibians

Adult Egg - Butterfly AR Model –
- Mosquito Housefly
- Housefly
Four - Moth
- Mealworm beetle

Pupa Larva

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Activity 1 – Fun facts: Life cycle of wasp

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q93IfqUbEf4
Discussion Questions:
1) Name the various stages in the life cycle of the wasp?
2) What does the young of the wasp feed on?
3) How does the queen wasp protect its hive?
4) Are wasps herbivores, carnivores or omnivores?

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Primary 5: Rocket Science

Activity 2 – MCQs

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1. The diagram below shows the fruit of a plant.

Based on the diagram only, what conclusions can you draw about the plant?

A: It has edible parts.
B: It is a flowering plant.
C: It is dispersed by water.
D: Its ovary contains more than one ovule.

(1) A and B ( )
(2) B and D
(3) C and D
(4) A, B and C

2. The diagram below shows how substances X and Y are transported in a plant.

roots stem leaves Key

Substance X
Substance Y

Based on the diagram above, what are substances X and Y?

X Y
(1) mineral salts water
(2) sugars water
(3) water sugars
(4) sugars mineral salts

()

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3. The diagrams below show an open and closed stoma at different times of the day.

stoma

AR Model – Stomata

open stoma closed stoma

Which of the following statements correctly states the reason for stomata to be opened
or closed?

Stomata Statements
(1) Close To ensure less heat enters the leaf
(2) Close To ensure less light enters the leaf
(3) Open To allow more water to enter the leaf
(4) Open To allow more carbon dioxide to enter the leaf

()

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Primary 5: Rocket Science

4. The diagram below shows the processes, A, B, C and D, involved in the life cycle of a
flowering plant.

flower

fruit

Which one of the following identifies the processes of germination, fertilisation and seed
dispersal in the diagram correctly?

Germination Fertilisation Seed dispersal
(1) A C D
(2) A B C
(3) C D B
(4) D B A

()

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5. Study the diagram below.

Living
Thing

Yes

Does it Yes Does it bear Yes Does it Yes
produce R
make food? flowers? edible fruits?

No No No
P Ferns Q

Which of the following correctly states P, Q and R respectively?

P Q R
(1) Bacteria Lalang Papaya
(2) Bacteria Papaya Lalang
(3) Moss Lalang Papaya
(4) Moss Papaya Lalang

( )

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Primary 5: Rocket Science

6. The diagrams below show flowers, P,Q and R, of 3 different plants.

Flower P Flower Q Flower R

The following students made the statements below.

Student A : Only flowers P and R can become fruits.
Student B : Flower Q cannot be fertilized.
Student C : Flower R is most likely pollinated by wind.
Student D : Flower P cannot self-pollinate.

Whose statement is correct?

(1) Student A
(2) Student B
(3) Student C
(4) Student D

()

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7. Peter wants to find out if warmth is needed for seeds to germinate. He prepares four set-
ups A, B, C and D as shown below.

Set-up A Set-up B Set-up C Set-up D

Dry soil 0oC Damp soil 0oC Damp soil 28oC Dry soil 28oC

Which two set-ups should he use to carry out the experiment? ( )

(1) A and B
(2) B and C
(3) C and D
(4) A and D

8. The diagram below shows a potato plant.

What will happen if several leaves of the plant are removed? ()

(1) Part Z will shrink in size. 12
(2) Part Z will grow in size slower than before.
(3) More flowers will develop on the plant.
(4) More water will be transported to the plant.

Primary 5: Rocket Science

9. The diagram below shows how water and food are transported to parts A, B, C and D of
a plant.
A

D Stem B

Key: food
C water

Which parts of the plant do A, B, C and D represent? D
roots
A B C flower
(1) leaves fruit flower flower
(2) roots leaves fruit fruit
(3) leaves fruit roots
(4) roots flower leaves (

)

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10. Study the diagram carefully. Primary 5: Rocket Science
P R

Q AR Model – Flower

P, Q and R can be compared to parts of the human reproductive system.

Which of the following shows the correct comparison?

P Q R
(1) ovaries testes sperm
(2) testes ovaries
(3) testes ovaries egg
(4) ovaries sperm
egg sperm

( )

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Primary 5: Rocket Science
11. The diagram below shows the different stages of the growth of a seed into a seedling.

AB C D E
At which stage(s) can the seedling make its own food?

(1) E only
(2) C, D and E only
(3) B, C and D only
(4) A, B, C, D and E

()

12. Mei Ling placed four similar seeds on some cotton wool in five similar jars, V, W, X, Y
and Z. The jars were placed in different locations as shown in the table below.

Jar V Jar W Jar X Jar Y Jar Z

Placed in the Placed near Placed in Placed in the Placed
freezer a window the dark garden under the
cupboard
bed

Damp cotton Damp cotton Damp cotton Dry cotton Dry cotton
wool
wool wool wool wool

In which of the jars would the seeds most likely germinate?

(1) W only ()
(2) W and X only
(3) Y and Z only
(4) V, W and X only

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Activity 3 – Open-ended Questions

1. The line graph shows the mass of insect Z during different stages of its life cycle.

Mass Pupa Adult
(grams) stage stage

Egg Larva
stage stage

Time (days)

(a) At which stage of its life cycle did the mass of insect Z increase the most? Explain

why. [1]

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

A researcher studied the effect of surrounding temperature on the life cycle of
insect Z. His results are shown in the table below.

Temperature (oC) Length of stages/days

23 Egg Larva Pupa Adult
30 10 20
15 5
3 25
15 2

(b) Based on the results, what can be concluded about the effect of temperature on

the total length of insect Z’s life cycle? [1]

______________________________________________________

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Organism Y feeds on plant sap and can cause damage to crops. The larvae of
insect Z feeds on organism Y. Some farmers use the larvae of insect Z to get rid of
organism Y to save their crops.

(c) Based on the researcher’s results, explain why the farmers’ method of getting rid of

organism Y is more effective at 30 oC compared to 23 oC. [1]

______________________________________________________
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2. The diagram shows the life cycle of a grasshopper.

(a) What is the name of stage P? [1]

______________________________________________________

(b) Name another animal that also has a 3-stage life cycle [1]
Animal : ___________________________________

(c) In terms of their body parts, state one difference between the young grasshopper

at stage P and the adult grasshopper. [1]

______________________________________________________

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Primary 5: Rocket Science

3. Jeanette wanted to find out the effect of overcrowding on plant growth.

The table below shows the set-ups she had prepared.

Set-up Number of Type of soil Size of pot
seeds
A 30 Garden Big
B 15 Garden Medium
C 15 Sand
D 15 Garden Small
E 15 Garden Small
F 15 Sand
Big
Medium

(a) Which three set-ups must she use to conduct a fair test? [1]

______________________________________________________

(b) What can she find out if she is comparing set-up C and D? [1]

______________________________________________________

(c) As the seeds germinate, where do the germinating seeds get their [1]
food from?

______________________________________________________

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Primary 5: Rocket Science

4. Katie wanted to find out how the number of leaves affects the amount of water

taken in by a plant. She used four plants of the same type, and an equal amount of
oil in the four set-ups shown below.

layer of oil - 500ml -- 500ml ---500ml cardboard
water support

_ 300ml roots wrapped
in plastic bag

Setup A Setup B Setup C Setup D

(a) Which two setups (A, B, C or D) should Katie use for her experiment? [1]

______________________________________________________

Katie recorded the water level in each of the four set-ups after a week.

Water level after a week (ml)
ABCD
300 500

(b) Fill in the table above to show the water level in the beakers in set-up B and C after

a week. [1]

(c) Oil is added to the set-ups to prevent water loss through evaporation. Explain how

adding the oil increases the accuracy of the results in Katie’s experiment. [1]

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

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Primary 5: Rocket Science

Katie measured the amount of water left in set-up D at the end of each day as
shown in the table below.

Day Amount of water left in the Set-up D (ml)
1 500
2 500
3 500
4 500

(d) Explain why the results of Set-up D remained the same from Day 1 to Day 4. [1]

______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________

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Primary 5: Rocket Science

Activity 4 – Science in daily life: Leaves vs solar panels

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vmOIjeIK_uY
Discussion Questions:
1) What do plants need to carry out photosynthesis?
2) How are leaves and solar panels similar?
3) What is released when water is split into oxygen and hydrogen ions during
photosynthesis? (0.45min)
4) On a very sunny day, excess electricity could be released by the solar panels.
Where could it be stored?

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