PL RS P6L38 Revision 6

Primary 6

Rocket Science

Name _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
Tutor
Topic _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
REVISION 6 – MATTER / CHANGES OF STATE / WATER CYCLE (LESSON 38)

REVISION 6 – MATTER / CHANGES OF STATE / WATER CYCLE (LESSON 38)

Primary 6: Rocket Science

Lesson Outline

• Notes
• Activity 1: Fun Facts
• Activity 2: MCQs
• Activity 3: Open-ended Questions
• Activity 4: Science in daily life

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Primary 6: Rocket Science

Revision (Matter) – Fill in the blanks
Basic properties of matter are:

1. Matter has mass

2. Matter occupies space

Can we “see” an increase or a decrease in mass?

The answer is NO! We cannot see mass. In order to determine the mass of an
object, we have to rely on a weighing scale/spring balance.

Can we “see” an increase or a decrease in the amount of space occupied?

The answer is YES! We can do that by looking at the change in the size of the object.
When the size of the object increases, the object is occupying more space (expansion).
When the size of the object decreases, the object is occupying less space (contraction).

An expansion or contraction of an object changes the volume/amount of

____________ occupied by an object BUT it does not change the of an

object.

SOLID LIQUID GAS
Has no definite volume

Has a definite shape

Cannot be compressed

Example: Example: Example:
ice cube, pen, book water, milk, coffee, Nitrogen, Oxygen,
Carbon Dioxide
stone, table

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Primary 6: Rocket Science

Revision (Matter) – Fill in the blanks
The capacity of the container below is 400cm3. It contained 100cm3 of water.

Air Air
pump

100cm3 Tap
of water

Container

If an additional 100cm3 of air is pumped in, the final volume of air will still be 300cm3.

(Air has no fixed volume and can be ).

If 50cm3 of water is removed, the volume of water removed belongs to the volume of
air inside the container. The volume of air will now be 350cm3 .

( Air has no fixed volume and will occupy the
in the container).

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Primary 6: Rocket Science

Revision (States of matter) – Fill in the blanks

State of water Examples
Solid Ice, snow, frost
Liquid Water droplets, Mist
Gas Water vapour, steam

Boils at100°C

(a) at 0°C (b)

Gains Water Gains Water vapour (c)
heat heat
Ice
Loses
(d) heat
heat
(e)
Freezes at

0°C

The main difference between evaporation and boiling is that evaporation occurs at all

temperatures but boiling only occurs at .

Revision (Water cycle) – Fill in the blanks

EVAPORATION HEAT from its surroundings and
.
Water (liquid state)
turning into WARM

CONDENSATION

WARMER WATER VAPOUR from the surrounding air comes into contact with

the surface of the object, HEAT to it and __________ to

form .

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Primary 6: Rocket Science
Activity 1 – Fun facts: How can a chemical be a solid, liquid and gas at the same time?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MP6MVLWuNZQ
Discussion Questions:

1. Why is this chemical able to exist as solid, liquid and gas at the same time?

(0.45 min)
2. At normal atmospheric pressure, what is the boiling point of water?

3. Amazingly, water boils at room temperature when pressure is about 1/40th normal

atmospheric pressure. In an aeroplane where the pressure is lower, do you think
water will boil below or above 100 °C?

4. Salt lowers the melting point of ice to below 0 °C. What effect does salt have on

boiling point of water?

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Primary 6: Rocket Science

Activity 2 – MCQs

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Primary 6: Rocket Science

1. A beaker of water at 100 oC was heated for 20 minutes and then placed in a freezer.
The graph below shows the change in temperature of water in the beaker over time.

Temperature (°C)

W X
100

0 20 Y Z Time (min)

Which of the following statements is/ are correct?

A: Freezing takes place at YZ.
B: Heat loss does not occur at YZ.
C: Evaporation of water occur at WX only.
D: There is a change of state of water at WX and YZ.

(1) B only
(2) A and D only
(3) B and C only
(4) A, C and D only

( )

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Primary 6: Rocket Science

2. Kai Ning prepared four set-ups, W, X, Y and Z, as shown below. There was no wind in the
room or the field.

150 ml of water at 150 ml of water 150 ml of water
30oC
at 30oC at 60oC

set-up W set-up X set-up Y set-up Z

in a room in the field

Which two set-ups should she use to find out if the temperature of surroundings affects the
rate of evaporation of water?

(1) W and X ()

(2) W and Y
(3) W and Z
(4) Y and Z

3. Johan tried to remove the metal lid of a glass jar but was unsuccessful. So he dipped the
jar into a basin of hot water before trying to remove the lid again.

metal lid basin
hot water glass jar

However, Johan was still not able to remove the lid. Which of the following statements
explains why he could not remove the lid?

(1) The metal lid expanded.

(2) The air in the jar expanded.

(3) The glass jar expanded more than the metal lid. ()
(4) The metal lid expanded more than the glass jar.

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Primary 6: Rocket Science

4. Siti set up an experiment to model the water cycle.
ice cubes

plastic
sheet

mist

glass cup hot water

Based on the set-up above, which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
A: Water droplets will form on the underside of the plastic sheet.
B: Water from the ice cubes will drip into the glass cup.
C: The water in the glass cup gained heat and evaporated to form water vapour.
D: Water droplets will form on the outer surface of the glass cup.

(1) A only

(2) A and C only

(3) C and D only

(4) A, C and D only ( )

5. The table below shows the melting and boiling points of four substances.

Substance Melting point (ºC) Boiling point (ºC)
P 30 120
Q 0 100
R 15 80
S 20 180

Which one of the following is a correct conclusion?
(1) Substances P and S are solid at 25ºC.

(2) Substance Q has the highest freezing point.

(3) Substance R has a lower boiling point than water.

(4) Substances Q and R are solid at 10ºC.

()

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Primary 6: Rocket Science

6. Ivan had a jar of pure water at room temperature. He poured different amount of water from
the jar into two identical beakers, G and H. He then boiled the water in both beakers.

200 cm3

water 200 cm3

beaker G beaker H

Ivan recorded the temperature of water at one-minute intervals until both beakers of water
started to boil.

Which one of the following graphs correctly represents his results?

(1) (2)
temperature (°C) temperature (°C)

100 100
G
G H
H

0 time (min) 0 time (min)
(3) (4)

temperature (°C) temperature (°C)

100 H 100
G H

G

0 0
time (min) time (min)

( )

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Primary 6: Rocket Science

7. Study the diagram of the water cycle below carefully.

C D

B
River
A

Which letter(s) A, B, C and/or D represent(s) water in its liquid state?

(1) A only
(2) B only
(3) A and D only
(4) A, C and D only

( )

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Primary 6: Rocket Science

8. Valerie connected two identical bottles using a glass tube which contained a drop of ink.
She placed one bottle in basin G and the other bottle in basin H as shown in the diagram
below and observed the movement of the ink.

ink glass tube

bottles with air

water

Basin G Basin H
Direction of
Which of the following is correct?
movement of ink
Temperature of water (oC)
()
Basin G Basin H

(1) 60 30
(2) 60 30
(3) 30 50
60
(4) 100

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Primary 6: Rocket Science
9. The sealed box below has a capacity of 1000cm³.

sealed box

Which of the following substance(s) can the box contain?

A 900cm³ of water vapour
B 1100cm³ of water
C 1300cm³ of oxygen

(1) A only
(2) A and B only
(3) B and C only
(4) A and C only

()

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Primary 6: Rocket Science

10. Ashley filled 4 similar beakers A, B, C and D, each with 500 ml of water at 20°C. The
beakers were placed in locations with different conditions as shown below.

Beaker Surrounding Presence of wind

A Temperature (oC) No
B 25 Yes
C 35 No
D 10 No
35

Which of the following shows the correct volume of water left after 1 hour?

(1) (2)
Volume of Volume of
water left (ml) water left (ml)

500 500

A BC D A BC D

(3) (4)
Volume of
Volume of water left (ml)
water left (ml)
500
500

A BC D A BC D
(
)

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Primary 6: Rocket Science

11. Study the set-up below. Glass tube
Water droplet
Cool towel
Stopper Beaker
Test tube Liquid X

Seawater

Bunsen Bubbles
burner

Some seawater is heated in the test tube. After some time, bubbles are seen and some
liquid X is collected in the beaker.

Which of the following would cause an increase in the amount of liquid X collected in the
beaker?

A: use a cooler towel
B: use a smaller beaker
C: place the beaker on ice

D: add another Bunsen burner below the test tube

(1) A and B only
(2) B and C only
(3) C and D only
(4) A and D only

()

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Primary 6: Rocket Science

12. Danial conducted an experiment using ice to observe how its temperature changed with
time. He measured the temperature of the water (at different states) at different time and
plotted the graph below.

DE
100
Temperature of
water (˚C)

BC Time
(
A

Which of the following statements are correct?

A: There was a change of state from A to B.
B: There was a change of state from B to C.
C: The water in the beaker lost heat from C to D.
D: The water in the beaker was boiling from D to E.

(1) A and B only
(2) A and C only
(3) B and D only
(4) C and D only

)

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Primary 6: Rocket Science

Activity 3 – Open-ended Questions [1]

1. At first, a kette contained 500 cm3 of water at 30 oC.
(a) Circle the correct answer.
When Linda heated the kettle, the temperature of the water
( decreased / remained the same / increased ).

After a while, she saw bubbles in the water and mist as shown.

mist water
bubble

heater
(switched on)

(b) If Linda continues to boil the kettle of water for another 15 mins, what would [1]
happen to the amount of water in the kettle?

Explain your answer.

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Primary 6: Rocket Science

2. Ben bought some hot chicken pies from the cafe. The chicken pies were placed in a box
and closed. The diagram below shows the side view. When he reached home, he found
water droplets on the top inner surface of the box

water droplets

side view of box hot chicken pie
(a) Explain clearly how the water droplets were formed. [2]

(b) Ben went to another cafe to buy chicken pies. He found that some holes [1]
were poked through the top cover of the box.

Explain why holes were poked through the cover of the box.

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Primary 6: Rocket Science

3. Leela heated a solid that contains substances R and S. After 20 minutes, there was only
liquid R left in the beaker.

substance R After 20 minutes
at 30°C

substance S heat liquid R at
at 30°C 100°C

(a) What had happened to substance S after 20 minutes? [1]

(b) Suggest a boiling point of substance R. [1]

Leela’s mother put some leafy vegetables in a clear plastic bag and sealed it.
plastic bag sealed here

leafy vegetables

After some time, Leela observed that water droplets were formed on the inside of the
plastic bag.

(c) Give a reason for the formation of the water droplets. [2]

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Primary 6: Rocket Science

4. Marie set up the experiment as shown below.

flame glass flask
retort stand
clamp
rubber stopper

glass tube

bubbles
beaker

coloured water

She heated the glass flask gently with a flame. After some time, she observed some
bubbles in the coloured water of the beaker.

(a) Explain why Marie observed bubbles in the coloured water of the beaker. [1]

(b) What will Marie observe in the glass tube when she switches off the flame? [1]
Explain your answer.

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Primary 6: Rocket Science
Activity 4 – Science in daily life: Boiling water without heat

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sx_8dJ633wg
Discussion Questions:
1. Hot tea does not taste as good on an airplane because there is lower
atmospheric pressure. Why is this so?
2. In this experiment, how does the water boil without applying any additional heat?
3. The flask of boiling water did not feel hot. Why is this so?
4. Do you think water in a pressure cooker will boil at lower or higher temperature
than 100°C? How will it help in the process of cooking food?

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