DETAILED SYLLABUS

UNIT V
Graph Theory
Representation of Graph, Basic Concepts, Basic types of Graphs and their properties, types of
paths, Isomorphism and Sub graphs, Multi graphs, Euler circuits, Hamiltonian graphs,
Chromatic Numbers, DFS, BFS, Trees, Spanning Trees, Planar Graph, Prim’s and Kruskal’s
Shortest Path
TEXTBOOKS:

1. Seymour Lipschutz, Lipson Marc, “Discrete Mathematics”, Tata Mcgraw Hill, ISBN-
100050669120

2. Trembly J.P. and Manohar .P, “Discrete Mathematical Structures with Applications to
computer Science”, TMH,ISBN-10: 0074631136.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Ralph. P.Grimaldi “Discrete and Combinational Mathematics- An Applied
Introduction”, 5th Edition Pearson Education,ISBN:9780201726343
2. BernandKolman, Roberty C. Busby, Sharn Cutter Ross, “Discrete Mathematical
Structures”, Pearson Education / PHI.
3. J.L. Mott, A. Kandel, T.P. “Discrete Mathematics for Computer Scientists and
Mathematicians”, Baker Prentice Hall.

201

DISASTER MANAGEMENT

COURSE OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, the students will be develop ability to

1. Apply knowledge obtained theoretically and practically in the processes of disaster
management

2. Obtain, analyse, and communicate disaster related information
3. Describe, analyse and evaluate the environmental, social, cultural, economic, legal and

organizational aspects influencing vulnerabilities and capacities to face disasters.
4. Appreciate and understand impact of disaster on environment and society.
5. Perform disaster related projects using modern tools.

UNIT I
Introduction
Disaster- Overview of Disaster Management (DM) - Concepts and definitions - Disaster,
hazard, vulnerability, risk, capacity, impact, prevention, mitigation - Disaster classification-
natural, manmade - criticality.

UNIT II
Natural Disasters
Meaning and nature of natural Disasters, their types and effects- floods, Drought, Cyclone,
Earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanoes, Coastal erosion, Climate Change- Global warming, Sea
level rise, Ozone depletion.

UNIT III
Manmade Disasters
Nuclear disaster, Chemical disaster, building fire, coal fire, forest fire, oil fire, air pollution,
water pollution, Deforestation, epidemics and pandemics, Road accidents, Rail accidents, Air
accidents, Sea accidents.

UNIT IV
Disaster Risk Reduction
Process to migrate disaster at national and global level - International strategy for disaster
reduction- Concept of disaster management - National disaster management framework -
Financial agreements - Role and responsibilities of NGO’s - Community based organization
and media Central - State - District and local administration - Armed forces in disaster
response- Police and other organizations.

UNIT V
Project Work
Project work for students to understand vulnerabilities and to work in reducing disaster risks
and to build a culture of safety. E.g. remote sensing and GIS/GPS for disaster management,
dams, urbanization. Projects must be conceived creatively based on the geographic location
and hazard profile of a region.

202

Case Studies – Students should be taught with at least 10 different case studies about natural
and manmade disasters.
TEXT BOOKS

1. Pradepe Sahni, “Disaster Mitigation: Experiences and Reflections”, 2013.
2. R.B. Singh, “Environmental Geography”, Heritage Publishers, New Delhi, 1990.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. R.B. Singh, “Disaster Management”, Rawat Publications, New Delhi, 2000.
2. H.K. Gupta, “Disaster Management”, Universities Press, India, 2013.
3. Author Name “Title of Book” Publisher name, Edition, year.

203

POLLUTION AND CONTROL ENGINEERING

COURSE OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, the students will be develop ability to

1. Assess societal and health impacts of Pollution
2. Analyse and design appropriate air pollution control mechanism for environmental

sustainability
3. Analyse and effectively design various components of water treatment plant
4. Make valid conclusions for societal benefit by eco-friendly solid waste disposal and

management
5. Apply knowledge of physics for noise pollution measurement and control

UNIT I
Introduction to atmosphere, chemistry in the atmosphere. Air pollutants, Sources of air
pollutants, Effects on human beings and environment. Pollutant concentration and emission
measurements. Dispersion of pollutants in the atmosphere.

UNIT II
Air Pollution Control
Particulate emission control by mechanical separation and electrostatic precipitation, wet gas
scrubbing, gaseous emission control by absorption and adsorption, Design of cyclones, ESP,
fabric filters and absorbers.

UNIT III
Water Pollution Control
Physical treatment, pre-treatment, solids removal by setting and sedimentation, filtration
centrifugation, coagulation and flocculation, trickling filter, activated sludge and lagoons,
septic tanks, aeration systems.

UNIT IV
Soil Contamination
Soil contamination by chemical pollutants: sources and fate. Remediation by plants,
bioremediation by microorganisms; contamination by inorganic (including heavy metals) and
organic pollutants; factors affecting uptake of contaminants

Prevention and Contamination of Soil and Waste Disposal
Prevention and elimination of contamination; Solids waste disposal - composting, landfill,
briquetting / gasification and incineration.

UNIT V
Noise Pollution Control
Basics of Sound, Sound Propagation, Directionality, Reverberation, SEL, LAeq,T, L90, L10,
SIL, Noise Control at source, Noise Control along the source-receiver pathway, Noise
Control at Receiver, Assessing and Predicting Noise.
TEXT BOOKS

204

1. C.S.Rao. “Environmental Pollution Control Engineering”, New Age Publications, 2015.
2. S.K.Garg Sewage, “Disposal and Air Pollution Engineering (Environmental Engineering

Vol. II)”, Khanna Publishers, 2010.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Manahan, Stanley E, “Environmental Science, Technology and Chemistry".
2. Boca Raton, “Environmental Chemistry”, CRC Press LLC, 2000.
3. Metcalf and Eddy, “Wastewater Engineering: Treatment and Reuse”, McGraw Hill Higher

Education Publisher, 2002.

205

SMART CITIES

COURSE OUTCOMES
At the end of the course the student will be able to

1. Judge the needs and cause behind the vision to transform into smart cities.
2. Identify the issues and challenges for urban development, at par with the international

scenario.
3. Select and demonstrate new technologies for urban development.
4. Interpret the importance of technology and implementation to have smart transportation.
5. Examine the importance of natural resource (water) and use intelligent concepts for

preserving it & Appraise and educate the public for user friendly environment and
governance to make the county smarter.

UNIT I
Introduction: Vision and goals of smart city, concept of smart city and its features, issues
and challenges of urbanization in India, international scenario, issues and probable solutions,
need for smarter approaches process of selection of smart cities, developing and
demonstrating new technologies, smart city strategies, digital and information technologies,
urban planning best practices.

UNIT II
Smart Transportation: Importance and significance of mobility, data collections, smart
sensors, role of geographic information system, integration of GIS and ITS, related air
quality; accidents and safety analysis; advanced traffic management systems, commercial
vehicle operations, advanced transportation systems, advanced vehicle control systems, case
studies, public transportation management; electronic payment, connected vehicle technology
and application, mobile applications.

UNIT III
Smart Water Management: Reminded of water’s importance, challenges for water use and
intelligent water system concept, trends and issues for water use management, specific
technologies for smart water use, strategic prioritization and allocation, water quality,
flooding, drought and aging infrastructure, leakage and pressure management,

Smart Waste Management: Introduction - Municipal services, smart solutions and
emerging in the solid waste management, technologies to process waste, garbage collection.

UNIT IV
Power Grids: Smart grid concepts, development of innovative next-generation technologies
and tools in the areas of transmission, distribution, energy storage, power electronics,
measures of certain parameters of the electric grid, innovative digital technologies for
electricity delivery, intensive application of demand-side technologies, Electric Reliability
Technology Solutions (CERTS).

UNIT V

206

Smart Payments and E-Governance: People participation, accountability and transparency,
user-friendly process, removal of hierarchal process barriers and red tape, service delivery
Payments and finance concepts, city governments and citizen benefits, economic growth,
global GDP, population growth, inadequate infrastructure, operational costs and concepts of
e-administration, e-services, e-governance and e-democracy.
TEXT BOOKS

1. Bob Williams, “Intelligent Transport Systems Standards”, Artech House Publishers,
2008

2. Ronald A. Beaulieu, “National Smart Water Grid, Integrated Solutions for Sustainable
Fresh Water Supply Flexi Bound”, 2010.

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Austroads, “The Implication of Intelligent Transport Systems for Road Safety”,
Austroads Incorporated, 1999.
2. Chowdhury, M. A. and Sadek, A, “Fundamentals of Intelligent Transportation Systems
Planning”, Artech House, 2003.
3. Pernille Ingildsen and Gustaf Olsson, “Smart Water Utilities: Complexity Made
Simple”, 1st Edition, IWA Publishing.
4. Keyhani, Ali, Marwali and Muhammad, “Smart Power Grids”, Springer, 2011

207

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS

COURSE OUTCOMES
At the end of the course the student will be able to,

1. Outline Fundamental aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
2. Infer importance of IP Rights and Protections
3. Validate their Innovative Product for Right IP Protection
4. Apply for IP Right for protection of their Property
5. Disseminate knowledge and awareness about recent trends in IPR
UNIT I
Introduction to Intellectual Property: Introduction to IPRs, Basic concepts and need for
Intellectual Property – Patents, Copyrights, Geographical Indications, international
organizations, agencies and treaties, Nature of Intellectual Property, Industrial Property,
technological Research, Inventions and Innovations – Important examples of IPR
UNIT II
Patents: Patents Act, 1970 – Types of Patent Application – Filing of Patent Application –
Publication of Application – Provisional and Complete Specification – Examination and
Grant – Time Lines – The Patents (Amendment) Act, 2002
Design: Design Act, 2000 – Filing of Patent Application – Time Lines
UNIT III
Trade Mark: Trade Marks Act, 1999 – Purpose and function of trademarks – Filing of Trade
Mark Application – Time Lines
Geographical Indications: Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection)
Act, 1999 - Type of Applications - Filing of a Geographical Indications Applications
UNIT IV
Copy Rights: The Copyright Act, 1957 – Copy Rights Works – Registration of copy Rights
Digital Products and Law: IP Laws, Cyber Law - Digital Content Protection
Unfair Competition - Misappropriation right of publicity, false advertising – Case Studies
UNIT V
Enforcement of Rights
Infringement of IPRs, Enforcement Measures, Emerging issues – Case Studies.
Other IP Laws: Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers Rights Act, 2001, Semiconductor
Integrated Circuits Layout-and law of confidential information including trade secrets
TEXT BOOKS
1. Deborah, E. Bouchoux, “Intellectual Property Right”, Cengage Learning.Lexisnexis's
2. V. K. Ahuja, “Law Relating to Intellectual Property Rights”, Lexis Nexis, ISBN:

9788131251652, 8131251659
REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Prabuddha ganguli, “Intellectual Property Right - Unleashing the Knowledge
Economy”, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd.

2. P.Narayanan; “Law of Copyright and Industrial Designs”, Eastern Law House, Delhi,
2010.

208

COMPUTATIONAL METHODS IN COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE

PRE-REQUISITES:MATLAB or C/C++ or Python
COURSE OUTCOMES
At the end of the course the student will be able to

1. Model several kinds of single neuron activity
2. Understand relation between single neuron and population neurons in terms of coding,

networks, and architecture
3. Explorebiological and artificial neural networks to solve simple classification and

model simple psychological phenomena
4. Develop systems understanding of cognitive phenomena and the brain through

cognitive architectures
5. Apply signal processing concepts to EEG and MEG data using MATLAB toolboxes
UNIT I
Neurons and Neural Coding: Physiology, Dynamics, Modeling synapse and spikes,
Integrate and fire model, Hodgekin-Huxley models, Izhikevich neuron model, Rate-models
and time-models, Examples of neural coding, Simple linear regression, Firing rate, Spike-
triggered averages, Wiener-Hopf equations and White noise analysis
UNIT II
Artificial and Biological Neural Networks: Single to multi-layer computations, Types of
neural networks, Perceptrons, Linear separability and classification, Learning in a neural
network, Hidden layers and back propagation, Hopfield models, Recurrent neural networks
UNIT III
Cognitive Architectures: Principles, methods, and networks, SOAR, ACT-R, CLARION,
and EPIC, Cognitive architectures and artificial general Intelligence, State of the art
UNIT IV
Computational Psychology: Some examples of modeling behavior from neural
considerations, Modeling simple classifiers and neural nets, Associative neural net, Winner-
take-all and decision making
UNIT V
Neuroimaging Data Analysis: Digital signal processing, Electroencephalography, Event
related potentials, Brain-computer interfaces, Artifact rejection and source localization
TEXT BOOKS
1. Theoretical Neuroscience by Peter Dayan and L. F. Abbott
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Dynamical Systems in Neuroscience: The Geometry of Excitability and Bursting by

Eugene M. Izhikevich
2. Artificial Intelligence by Stuart Russell and Peter Norvig
3. Vehicles: Experiments in Synthetic Psychology by Valentino Braitenberg

209

PROJECT MANAGEMENT

UNIT I
Project Management Foundations
Define a project, project management, role of the project manager - Program management
and portfolio management.

UNIT II
Project sponsorship and the project office
Project organizational structures, Project Environment, Deliverables and Milestones,
Projects and Companies, Project Life Cycles.

UNIT III
Collect Requirements Process
Project Scope Statement, Project Charter, Work Break Down Structure, The Network
Diagram, Cost Estimation, Earned Value Management.

UNIT IV
Stakeholders register & management strategy
Risk management, quality management plan, human resources plan, communication
management plan, procurement management, ethics.

UNIT V
Monitoring and Controlling
Plan monitor control cycle, data collection and reporting, Project Change Control,
Evaluation, Project auditing, Project termination.

TEXT BOOKS
1. The Art & Science of Project Management – Warburton and Kanabar, RW, Press, 2013.
2. Harold R.Kerzner, “Project Management: A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling,

and Controlling”, Wiley Publications, 11th Edition.

REFERENCES
1. Prasanna Chandra, “Projects: Planning, Analysis, Selection, Financing, Implementation,

and Review”, McGraw Hill Education, 8th Edition.
2. Erik Larson (Author) and Clifford Gray, “Project Management: The Managerial Process”,

McGraw Hill Higher Education, 5th Revised Edition.
3. Garold (Gary) Oberlender, “Project Management for Engineering and Construction”,

McGraw Hill Education, 3rd Edition

210

MANAGEMENT CONSULTING
(Activity Based)

UNIT I
Consulting Process – Entry and Contracting Types of projects and project cycles First client
meetings Assignment strategy and plan Proposal development Consulting contract Service
Quality Assign client projects Discuss Bonner case Introduce Research Review Introduce
Client Proposal

UNIT II
Consulting Process – Discovery and Dialogue Diagnosis Data gathering techniques On-site
interaction Consulting Process – Analysis and Decision to Act Developing and gathering
alternatives presenting action proposals to the client Work plans and project costing

UNIT III
Industry View of management consulting world, synopsis of industry, types of firms Key
industry challenges Consulting Process – Extension, Recycle, or Termination Time for
withdrawal Final reporting Evaluation

UNIT IV
Change Management and Resistance Leadership Stakeholder engagement Utilizing resources
developing support Institutionalizing change

UNIT V
Client’s Perspective Selection of consultants Effective management of consultants Evaluation
of performance Use of consultants Maintaining independence and objectivity

TEXT BOOKS
1. Andrews, Margaret. 6 tools every business consultant should know. Harvard Division
of Continuing Education, The Language of Business blog, January 2012.
2. Block, Peter. Flawless Consulting: A Guide to Getting Your Expertise Used. San
Francisco: Jossey-Bass/Pfeiffer, 2011.
3. Block, Peter. Flawless Consulting, www.flawlessconsulting.com, 2011.
4. Brussalis, Chris W. (Ed.). Management Consulting Class Reading Material.
Pittsburgh: Carnegie Mellon University, 2018.

211

LEAN MANAGEMENT

COURSE OUTCOMES
1. Understand the need for Lean management System.
2. Apply appropriate approaches to project using Lean tools and techniques.
3. Understand the working concept of lean principles and implementation

UNIT I
Introduction to Lean Management and Lean Elements
Introduction to seven waste and their narration; Evolution of lean; Global competition,Lean
Manufacturing, Value flow and Muda, Muri and Mura, Need for LM, Meeting thestake
holders requirement, Elements of LM.
UNIT II
Lean Tools and Techniques
Various tool of LM, Fundamental blocks of Lean, Impact of Seiri Seiton Seiso Seiketsu and
Shitsuke, Need for TPM, Pillars of TPM, Implementation of TPM, OverallEquipment
Effectiveness (OEE) and its computation.
UNIT III
Lean System
Lean systems: Features manufacturing and services, Work flow, Small lot sizes, Pull Method,
Kanban, A3 problem solving, Just In Time.
UNIT IV
Project Selection for Lean
Resource and project selection, Selecting projects, Process mapping, Current and futurevalue
stream mapping, project suitable for lean initiatives.
UNIT V
Lean Management and Implementation
Standardized work, continuous improvement. Lean projects: Training, selecting the members,
preparing project plan, implementation, review. Productivity improvement:Process,
machinery Operator and equipment.

REFERENCES
1. Arnheiter, E. D., &Maleyeff, J. (2005). The integration of lean management and Six
Sigma. The TQMmagazine, 17(1), 5-18.
2. Charron, R., Harrington, H. J., Voehl, F., & Wiggin, H. (2014). The lean management
systems handbook (Vol.4). CRC Press.
3. Emiliani, M. L. (2006). Origins of lean management in America: the role of
Connecticut businesses. Journal ofmanagement History, 12(2), 167-184.
4. Feld, W. M. (2000). Lean manufacturing: tools, techniques, and how to use them.
CRC press. Forrest W. Breyfogle III, Implementing Six Sigma: Smarter solutions
Using Statistical Methods, 1999.
5. James P. Womack, Daniel T. Jones, Lean Thinking, Free press business, 2003.

212

PHILOSOPHY

COURSE OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, the student will be able to

1. Explain the core philosophical concepts and approaches.
2. Identify and distinguish Indian and Western Philosophy.
3. Describe and Distinguish the main divisions of philosophy.
4. Understand and explain the abstract philosophical concepts.
5. Understand the applications and implications of philosophical principles in real time

situations.

UNIT I
Introduction to Philosophy, nature, scope and significance of philosophy, philosophic
thought, history of philosophy, the Sophists and Socrates, Plato and Aristotle.

UNIT II
Introduction to Indian Philosophy, the ancient Vedas, the Upanishads, the epics and the
treatises of the Heterodox and Orthodox systems, Buddhism, Advaitha, Jainism, and Sikhism.

UNIT III
The classification of Philosophy - The main divisions of Philosophy, Logic, the Philosophy of
mathematics, Philosophy of nature, philosophy and the special science, philosophy of art:
ethics philosophy and theology, philosophy and common sense.

UNIT IV
Criticism (Epistemology), Ontology: Essence, Substance and Accident, Crime and
Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide, And Capital Punishment, Gender
Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property Rights; Empowerment.

UNIT V
Modern Philosophy: Relevance, Political Philosophy, Western and Eastern Philosophy,
Application of philosophical principles in modern India, its impact and usefulness.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Jacques Maritain, “An Introduction to Philosophy”, Rowman and Littlefield Pub Inc.,

2005.
2. John Cottingham, “Western Philosophy: An Anthology”, 2ndEdition, Wiley-Blackwell,

2008.

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. SarvepalliRadha Krishnan and Charles A. Moore, “A Source Book in Indian Philosophy”,

Princeton University Press.
2. Bertrand Russell, “A History of Western Philosophy”, Taylor and Francis Ltd.

213

PSYCHOLOGY

COURSE OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, the student will be able to

1. Understand the importance of psychology and the biological basis for human behavior
2. Realize the various factors that influence personality and its development
3. Explore the influence of socio and cultural differences on human behavior
4. Understand organizational behavior and the effect of motivation on goals
5. Explore the levels of employee participation as well as deal with workplace stress
UNIT I
Introduction to Psychology: Origin, Nature, Scope and significance, Early pioneers,
Contemporary perspectives and domains of psychology, Research methods in psychology,
Basics of cognition
UNIT II
Personality: Overview of personality, Trait theories, Psychoanalytic theory, Humanistic
theories and behavioral and social learning perspective, Cognitive theories of personality,
Constituents of effective personality
UNIT III
Social & Cultural Psychology: A working definition, Social cognition – perceiving and
understanding others, Attribution – explaining the causes of behavior, Attitudes and links
with behavior, Influence of culture on human behavior, cultural differences
UNIT IV
Organizational Behavior: Fundamental concepts, Models of organizational behavior,
Motivation and behavior modification, Interpersonal and Intrapersonal dynamics, leadership,
dealing with workplace stress and improve job performance, Stress management techniques.
UNIT V
Biological Basis of Behavior-Physiology: Introduction to Biological Basis of behaviour,
Structure of the Nervous System, Major Neuroanatomical Structures, Movement and control
of the human body with command and control from the brain, Different disorder due to brain
damaged/lesion.
TEXT BOOKS
1. Introduction to Psychology by Coon and Mitterer
2. Organizational Behavior by Arnold and Feldman
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Psychology by Robert A Baron
2. Social Psychology by Robert S Feldman
3. Human behavior at Work by Davis and Newstrom
4. Physiology of Behavior by Neil R. Carlson, Melissa A. Birkett
SUGGESTED BOOKS
1. Introduction to Psychology by Morgan and King
2. Introduction to Social Psychology by L L Bernard
3. Social Psychology by David Myers
4. Personality: A Psychological Interpretation by G W Allport

214

SOCIOLOGY

COURSE OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, the student will be able to

1. Demonstrate the knowledge of core concepts of sociology.
2. Enrich their skill of social interaction through verbal and non-verbal communication.
3. Learn about socially acceptable behaviours in a group and use their sociological

knowledge in the course of their lives.
4. Think critically about the causes and effects of various social issues.
5. Design and evaluate empirical sociological research.

UNIT I
Introduction to Sociology: Sociology Meaning, Nature, Scope and significance, Basic
concepts of society – Society, community, Role and Status, Norms and Value, Institution,
Association. Social Groups - Meaning, Type of Groups – Primary, Secondary, In Group, Out
Group, Reference Group.
UNIT II
Social Processes: Social Processes – Meaning, Socialization – Meaning and its theories.
Social Interaction: Verbal and non-Verbal Communication, Forms of Social Interaction -
Cooperation, Competition, Conflict, Accommodation, Exchange – Virtual Networking.
UNIT III
Social Control: Deviance and Conformity – Means and Agencies of Social Control.
Processes of Social Change: Characteristic Features of Industrialization, Modernization,
Globalization and Secularization. Processes of Social Change in India: Sanskritization,
Westernization, Parochiatization and Universatization
UNIT IV
Social Research, Method and Techniques: Social Research – Definition, Steps in social
research, Research Method, Observation method, Interview method, Questionnaire method,
Case Study method, and Social Survey.
UNIT V
Social Problems, Issues and Development Programmes: Social Problem – Meaning and
Definition, Importance of the study of Social Problems; Social Issues – Equality of caste,
Class gender, Communalism, Community Development Programmes, Women
Empowerment.
TEXT BOOKS
1. Goode, W.J. and P.K.Hatt, “Methods in Social Research”, McGraw Hill International,

1952.
2. Ahuja, Ram, “Social Problems in India”, Rawat Publications, New Delhi, 2000.

REFERENCE BOOKS
1 Gisbert, “Fundamentals of Sociology”, Orient Blackswan, New Delhi, 2010.
2 Thakur, Devender, “Research Methodology in Social Science”, Delhi Deep and Deep

Publication, 2003.

215

ENVIORNMENTAL SCIENCES

COURSE OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, the student will be able to

1. Interpretation of integrated, quantitative and interdisciplinary approach to the study of
environmental systems.

2. Analysing and understanding of human relationships, perceptions and policies
towards the environment.

3. Applying focus on design and technology for improving environmental quality.
4. Defining the earth processes, evaluating alternative energy systems, pollution control

and mitigation,
5. Analysis of Natural resource management and the effects of global climate change of

environment.

UNIT I
Concepts of Environmental Sciences
Introduction to Environment, Levels of organizations in environment, Structure and functions
in an ecosystem; Biosphere, its Origin and distribution on land, in water and in air, Broad
nature of chemical composition of plants and animals

UNIT II
Natural Resources
Introduction to Renewable and Non-renewable Resources, Forests, water, minerals, Food and
land (with example of one case study); Energy, Growing energy needs, energy sources
(conventional and alternative). Bio energy (alcohol, methane, hydrogen)

UNIT III
Biodiversity and its conservation
Introduction to Biodiversity at global, national and local levels; India as a mega-diversity
nation; Threats to biodiversity (biotic, abiotic stresses), and strategies for conservation.

UNIT IV
Environmental Pollution
Pollution- introduction, types - Air, water (including urban, rural, marine), soil, noise,
thermal, nuclear; Pollution prevention; Management of pollution- Rural/Urban/Industrial
waste management [with case study of any one type, e.g., power (thermal/nuclear),
pesticides, fertilizer, tannin, leather, chemical, sugar], Solid/Liquid waste management,
disaster management.

UNIT V
Environmental Biotechnology
Introduction to Biotechnology for environmental protection- Biological indicators, bio-
sensors; Remedial measures- Bio-remediation, phytoremediation, bio-pesticides, bio-
fertilizers; Bio-reactors- Design and application

216

UNIT VI
Social Issues and Environment
Introduction to Problems relating to urban environment- Population pressure, water scarcity,
industrialization; remedial measures; Climate change- Reasons, effects (global warming,
ozone layer depletion, acid rain) with one case study; Legal issues- Environmental legislation
(Acts and issues involved), Environmental ethics GMO – Genetically Modified organisms
(BT- cotton, BT- Brinjal).
Field Work
Field Work covering, Plotting of biogeographical zones and expanse of territorial waters on
the map of India; Identification of 28 biological resources (plants, animals, birds) at a specific
location. Industrial visit for environmental biotechnology processes (e.g., any one of the
fermentation, Bread making, Tannery Industry Desaipet, Lake and Dairy (Mulukanoor).

Laboratory work
Determination of ico-chemical parameters (pH, alkalinity, acidity, salinity, COD, BOD) of
tap water, well water, rural water supply industrial effluent and sea water & potability issues.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Richard T. Wright, Dorothy F. Boorse., “Environmental Science”, Towards a sustainable

Future12/E, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., M97, Ashok Goshal, Connaught circuit, New Delhi.
2. Erach Barucha, “Environmental Studies”, UGC-India, Pune.

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Gilbert M. Masters and Ela Wendell P, Introduction to “Environmental Engineering and

Science”- LPE Pearson educations.
2. Henry J.G. and Heinke G.W., “Environmental Science and Engineering”, Prentice Hall of

India, New Delhi.
3. M. Anji Reddy, “Text book of Environmental Science and Technology”, BS Publications

(2010).
4. Benny Joseph, “Environmental Studies”, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi (2009).

217