6. Makalah PBT Kelompok 6

Learning Based On Technology Paper

Traditional Media for Learning: The Viewpoint of Teaching Material
DevelopmentCompiled

to fulfill the assignment of Learning Based On Technology course supervised
Lecturer of courses:

Vannisa Afiana Melinda, M.Pd

compiler:

Firna Nahwa Firdausi (210103110088)

Rahmania Zen (210103110096)

INTERNATIONAL CLASS PROGRAM
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHER EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TARBIYA AND TEACHER TRAINING
UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI MAULANA MALIK IBRAHIM

MALANG
April, 2022

FOREWORD

Praise be to the Almighty God. By His grace and guidance, we can completed a paper
assignment entitled "Traditional Media for Learning:"View the Development of Teaching
Materials” in a timely manner. Papers are prepared to meet Technology-Based Learning
course assignments. In addition, this paper aims to add to the insight into the development of
teaching materials. Thank to Mrs. Vannisa Aviana Melinda, M.Pd. as a lecturer in
Technology-Based Learning. We realize that this paper is still far from perfect. Therefore,
suggestions and criticisms building is expected for the perfection of this paper.

Malang, 03 April 2022
Writer

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Covers............................................................................................................................... …i
FOREWORD...................................................................................................................... ii
TABLE Of CONTENTS .................................................................................................. iii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................... 1

A. Background ......................................................................................................... 4
B. Problem Formulation....................................................................................... …5
C. Purpose of the Discussion ................................................................................... 5
CHAPTER II DISCUSSION ............................................................................................ 6
A. Definition of Teaching Material Development ................................................... 6
B. Functions and Objectives of Development of Traditional Teaching materials... 7
C. Procedures for Developing Traditional Media as Teaching materials ................ 9
CHAPTER III CLOSING............................................................................................... 15
A. Conclusion. ....................................................................................................... 15
B. Suggestions........................................................................................................ 15
REFERENCES .................................................................................................................. 16

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CHAPTER I
PRELIMINARY

A. Background
Education is one of the important factors by which he gets committed in his

field. So that the condition of the country will experience an improvement with the
existence of capable generations. 1 Teaching materials or learning materials is
something that becomes the content of the curriculum that must be mastered by
students in accordance with basic competencies in order to achieve competency
standards for each subject in certain educational units. In developing teaching
materials, we must pay attention to some principles in the development of teaching
materials to develop teaching materials we cananalyze KD first so that the teaching
materials we make include all indicators. Learning methods and time allocation also
affect the form of teaching the materials.

Learning materials in the context of learning are one of the components that
must exist, because learning materials are a component that must be studied,observed,
studied and used as material that will be mastered by students and at the same time
can provide guidelines for studying it. Without learning materials then learning will
do nothing. Learning materials are a factor external students who are able to
strengthen internal motivation to learn. One of the ways learning that is able to
influence learning activities is to include learning materials in these activities.

Learning materials have a very important role in activities learning. Learning
materials can act as independent learning materials, if: learning materials are designed
in full. This learning material is equipped with a purpose learning or competence to be
achieved, the learning materials described in learning activities, media illustrations,
learning procedures, exercises to do equipped with answers, formative tests are
equipped with answer keys, feedback, and bibliography.

The teaching materials used by the teacher only focus on developing
conceptsonly the material, but does not pay attention to aspects of the introduction of
local wisdom as an effort to instill a sense of love for their own culture.2 With good
learning contains elements of traditional games, it is hoped that students will be more

1 Alvariani, Nur Putri, and Sukmawarti Sukmawarti. "PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR BERBASIS
PERMAINAN TRADISIONAL JAWA UNTUK PEMAHAMAN KONSEP BANGUN DATAR." JURNAL
PENELITIAN PENDIDIKAN MIPA 6.2 (2022): 43
2 Ibid, 45

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interested in playing study it. In addition, traditional games are also beneficial for
students' health because they move actively, and also by playing can improve skills
student social.
B. Formulation of the problem
Based on the background above, it can be formulated several problems as follows:
1. What is meant by development of teaching materials?
2. What are the functions and objectives of the development of traditional teaching

materials?
3. What is the procedure for the development of traditional media as teaching

materials?
C. Our purposes

Based on the formulation of the problem above, the purpose of the discussion
in this paper is to explain Based on the formulation of the problem above, the purpose
of the discussion in this paper is to explain
1. Understanding of the development of teaching materials
2. The purpose and function of the development of traditional teaching materials
3. Procedures for the development of traditional media as teaching materials

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CHAPTER II

DISCUSSION

A. Definition of Teaching Material Development

One of the abilities that a teacher must have is to develop teaching materials
Because this ability is needed by students in achieving competence expected learning.
Teaching materials are learning tools or facilities that contain materials, methods,
limitations, which refer to the curriculum in order to achieve predetermined
competency standards and basic competencies. 3 Development activities Teaching
materials are activities carried out by teachers or assisted by staff administration at
school. In education, the development of teaching materials must be integrated in
learning activities because teaching materials are developed and used to support
learning process.

Teaching materials contain both printed and electronic information used by
participants students in order to achieve the objectives of learning. Teaching materials
are part of the resource learning that can support the learning process, including the
service system,learning materials and environment. The development of teaching
materials is very dependent on the model applicable syllabus/curriculum.4 The teaching
materials themselves are independent, explain the objectives instructional activities to
be achieved, motivates and anticipates student difficulties by providing tutoring,
providing adequate training, providing summary, and oriented to individual students.5

From the explanation above, it can be concluded that teaching materials are
defined as materials or subject matter that is arranged in a complete and systematic
manner based on the principles learning used by teachers and students in the learning
process. Teaching materials are Systematic means arranged in order to make it easier
for students to learn. Besides that teaching materials are also unique and specific,
unique means that teaching materials are only used for certain targets and in certain
learning processes, while specific means the content of the material Teaching is

3 Nurdyansyah, Nurdyansyah. "Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Modul Ilmu Pengetahuan Alambagi Siswa Kelas Iv
Sekolah Dasar." Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo (2018).
4 Cahyadi, Rahmat Arofah Hari. "Pengembangan bahan ajar berbasis ADDIE model." Halaqa: Islamic Education
Journal 3.1 (2019): 35-42
5 Srikandi octaviani. "Pengembangan bahan ajar tematik dalam implementasi kurikulum 2013 kelas 1 sekolah
dasar." EduHumaniora| Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Kampus Cibiru 9.2 (2017): 94.

6

designed in such a way only to achieve certain competencies from the target certain.6

The development of teaching materials is a systematic process of identifying,
develop, and evaluate content and learning strategies that are geared towards achieve
learning objectives more effectively and more efficiently. Material development
teaching is not only based on the interests of the developer, but is an alternative
learning problem solving. So students not only interact with the teacher,but also can
interact with learning resources used to achieve desired result. According to Gatot,
there are four ways to develop teaching materials:stages:

1. Identify aspects of competency standards and basic competencies that become
a reference for the selection of teaching materials

2. Identify the types of teaching materials
3. Choose teaching materials that match the first item
4. Choose the source of teaching materials
B. Functions and Objectives of Development of Traditional Teaching Materials

Teaching materials have the potential as tools, facilities, actors, vehicles to
improve learning education quality. Teaching materials are seen as everything that
can provide possibility to obtain a number of information, knowledge, experience, and
skills in learning. In developing teaching materials there are several stages, The first
stage is defining, so the teacher can take advantage of the game traditional media as a
medium in learning. The game media should be able to useful for providing variety in
learning. Through traditional games,Students are expected to be able to find their own
concepts or knowledge by using experience a real situation and then relate it to the
knowledge possessed to get new experiences.7 Development of character values in
students in learning can be done in various ways. One of them is through the game
Traditionally, traditional games are game activities that grow and develop develop in
certain areas which are full of cultural values and life values society and taught from
generation to generation to the next generation.8

In the learning process teaching teachers to present material to students,
making interesting teaching materials and innovative is very important and is a guide
for every educator. Teaching materials have a great contribution to the success of our
learning process do it. Here the role of the teacher as a facilitator is more important

6 Magdalena, Ina, et al. "Analisis Bahan Ajar." NUSANTARA 2.2 (2020): 311-326
7 Ulya, Himmatul. "Permainan tradisional sebagai media dalam pembelajaran matematika." Prosiding Seminar

Nasional Pendidikan. Vol. 6. No. 11. 2017.375
8 Anisah, Ani Siti, and Ade Holis. "Enkulturasi Nilai Karakter Melalui Permainan Tradisional Pada

Pembelajaran Tematik Di Sekolah Dasar." Jurnal Pendidikan UNIGA 14.2 (2020): 318-327

7

than the resource person, because the role of the teacher as a facilitator can help and
direct the teaching and learning process in a way :

1. Generating student interest in learning
2. Explain learning objectives
3. Presenting material with a good structure
4. Provide opportunities for students to practice and provide feedback
5. (fead beck)
6. Giving and explaining things that are difficult or not understood
7. Creating two-way communication (educators and students)
The teaching materials are arranged with the aim of :
1. Provide teaching materials in accordance with the demands of the

curriculum by consider the needs of students, namely teaching materials
that are in accordance with the characteristics and social environment of
students.
2. Assist students in obtaining alternative teaching materials in addition to
books text that is sometimes difficult to obtain.
3. Make it easier for teachers to carry out learning
Educational institutions are the best and most effective vehicle that allow
students absorb the character values taught during social interaction because
Educational institutions are a means of transmitting cultural norms and values.The
inculcation of character values is very important starting from an early age in forming
personality and noble character in children. Preparation of teaching materials can also
provide benefits for educators and students. Based on the presentation, it can be
concluded that a teaching material fulfills its function properly if it fulfills the
interests of students and educators in the learning process.
1. Based on the interests of students, teaching materials must provide
knowledge and information systematically and programmed. The material
develop various competencies of students in accordance with the the
lesson, in addition to providing motivation in mastering the material
lessons, either with certain methods or media. Teaching materials contain
Exercises or problem presentations that aim to provide knowledge and
evaluation of students for their mastery of a subject.
2. Based on the interests of educators, teaching materials convey material
effectively programmed according to the demands of the curriculum. The

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basic competencies or materials required by the curriculum have been
systematically described inside it. educators are helped in determining
media, methods, or assessment tools according to the plan. With the
presence of materials teaching, the learning process becomes smoother
because the teacher no longer needs to prepare materials or evaluation
tools. In this case, the teacher's role shifts from processing and conveying
the material in it, to being a facilitator in charge of designing learning
strategies to suit conditions and needs of students.9
Teaching materials can also provide benefits, as for the benefits of teaching
materials for educators is to obtain teaching materials that are in accordance with the
demands of the curriculum and according to needs students, educators no longer rely
on textbooks which are sometimes difficult to obtained, enriching knowledge because
it was developed using various references, adding to the repertoire of teacher
knowledge and experience in writing teaching materials,build effective learning
communication between teachers and students because students will feel more trust in
their teachers and increase their income if they compiled into books and published. In
addition to providing benefits for educators, materials teaching also provides benefits
for students including, learning activities become more interesting, Opportunity to
learn independently and reduce dependence the presence of the teacher, so that
students do not depend on the teacher alone, Get convenience in learning every
material that must be mastered.
C. Procedures for Developing Traditional Media as Teaching Materials
According to Romiszowski, learning media is an effective medium for carry
out a planned teaching process. Become a traditional learning media is a tool that
becomes an intermediary between educators and students in educational activities
learning and traditional. Traditional learning that focuses on learning is the teacher
and the object being taught is the student, so the teacher here is a professional who
know the ins and outs that will be given to students. While students only involve
knowledge from it and it is hoped that students understand the concept and understand
what explained by the teacher is then realized through exams or giving questions for
students determine whether these students understand what the teacher explains. The
procedures for developing teaching materials are:

9 Kosasih, E. Pengembangan bahan ajar. Bumi Aksara, 2021.4

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1. Analysis
At this stage, what we need to do is identify the initial behavior students, this
is related to using the level of dominance and ability they are in the field of
science or subjects to be given. how much How far have students mastered the
content of our subjects? Besides that, also recognize their initial
characteristics. This relates to the characteristics and data demographics of
students, which includes origin, age, language used, family economic
background, and so on. Information about attitude These initial characteristics
and initial characteristics of students will be very useful for us and When we
choose the type of teaching material to be developed. In addition, the issue
This will also lead us to the choice of delivery tactics teaching materials. For
example, if our students are mostly children of farmers who live in rural areas
as well as mountains, then an example the model given to teaching materials,
which is related to the description of the material
lesson. Must be in sync with their situation and conditions of life. When the
example is not contextual, it will be difficult for students to digest description
of the material in your teaching material. Good socialization of attitude Initial
characteristics and initial characteristics of students are needed to determine
the needs of participants students, then design teaching materials that are
useful for students.
2. Design

After information about the behavior and initial characteristics of students
is known, well then we are ready to advance to the next step in
development of teaching materials, namely the design stage. Knowing this
plan, we are asked to formulate learning objectives, development of
subject concept maps, as well as the development of outlines learning
program.
3. Development
Alright, now you are ready with your design, and other components
needed to develop your teaching materials. If you feel you have developed
a relatively large amount of time for planning and preparation then you
don't need to worry, usually the preparation stage requires no less than
50% of your time to development of teaching materials as a whole, maybe
even more than that. However, careful preparation and planning is very

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necessary for develop teaching materials properly. Some suggestions that
can to help you start the development of teaching materials are as follows:

1. Write what you can write, maybe in the form of worksheets, part of
textbooks or practice guides.

2. Don't feel that you have to start sequential events, from chapter 1
or topic 1, and so on. Start wherever you feel can start it

3. Write or develop your teaching materials for your students
know/know. When writing and developing teaching materials,
imagine you are pursuing a particular student, and you are trying to
The student learning experience is interesting, useful and effective.

4. Remember that the teaching materials you develop must be able to
provide a learning experience to students, as a teachers can provide
these experiences through their interactions with students.

5. Variety of media, learning resources, activities, and feedback are
important component in obtaining interesting teaching materials,
useful, and effective for students.

6. Various examples, study aids, illustrations, and packaging of
teaching materials also play a role in making your teaching
materials interesting

7. Writing style for textual, narrative, explanatory descriptive,
argumentative, and commands, are very important so that students
can understand your point.

4. Evaluation and Revision
Evaluation is a process to obtain various reactions from various parties
parties to the teaching materials that you develop. This reaction should be
viewed as input material to improve your teaching materials, and make
your teaching materials more quality. Evaluation is very necessary for see
the effectiveness of the teaching materials that you develop. What are the
teaching materials you develop can indeed be used to learn
understandable, can be read well, and can teach students? Besides that,
evaluation is also needed to improve teaching materials so that they
become good teaching material.

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The purpose of traditional learning media is to facilitate the delivery of material
taught (by lectures or other conventional media), the media needed for the
effectiveness of a teaching activity so that the media used can be captured by students,
a tool to support student understanding regarding what is explained by the teacher so
that students can be more active and truly understand, and as a means of delivering
material by educators. As for the kinds of traditional learning media:

❖ Print media
Media that can be touched and seen, usually in the form of sheets and two
dimensions. One example of the traditional print version of learning media is a
book. This print media also has advantages and disadvantages The advantages
of print media are that they are simple, economical, and easy obtained, assist
in the delivery of summaries, and assist overcome the limitations of space and
time. While the drawback is only focuses on the sense of sight, and does not
have audio and video elements movement or motion.

❖ Graphic media
Media that conveys its message through tools or symbols that can stimulate
the senses. Examples of traditional learning media versions Graphics are
pictures, sketches, diagrams and charts. The advantages of this graphic media
is that it is easy to obtain and use. more realistic, clarify the presentation of
messages and information, and overcome limited sense of space and time.
While the drawback is that it is only a visual medium, the image size is often
not quite right for you large group learning, requires teacher skills to make use
of it.

❖ board media
Media that comes from the board and assisted with writing tools such as chalk,
markers and so on. One example of board form media is blackboard and
flannel board. The advantage is that the user can directly flexible to make
changes as the presenter progresses. Easy to set up and easy to use, board
facilities are always available at classrooms. While the disadvantages are
limited only to groups small, and requires special skills from the presenter
(especially if require verbal explanation).

❖ 3 Dimensional Media
Media which is the result of manipulation of the real object to bestudied.Some
examples of three-dimensional media are sculptures. Doll or even the original

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object or the object to be studied. The advantages are provide direct
experience, present concrete and avoid verbalism, and can show the object as a
whole well construction and work. While the drawback is that you can't reach
targets in large numbers and their storage requires large space and complicated
maintenance.
In addition to various traditional media, here are also types of traditional media:
❖ Projected silent visual
The projected silent media is visual media in the form of letters, symbols,
drawings, graphics, or a combination thereof on translucent sheets or plastic
prepared to be projected onto a screen or wall through a projector.
❖ Unprojected visuals
Visual media that are not projected are visual media in the form of letters,
symbols,pictures, graphics, or combinations thereof that are presented are
presented without the use of assistance projector. Examples: Pictures, posters,
photos, charts, graphs, diagrams, exhibitions, info boards,feather-board
❖ Audio media
Audio is a medium that relies on sound. Audio media can be used in all phases
of learning, starting from the introduction or opening when introducing topic
of discussion to evaluation. The use of audio media is very helpful learning
process, for students who learn slowly can roll back to the part that has not
been mastered, on the other hand students who learn fast can advance continue
at the pace of learning. Audio media can be in the form of recordings, discs,
cassette tape, reel, cartridge.
❖ Multimedia presentation
Media that uses more than one media, for example a combination of audio
media and visual media. model: slide plus sound, multi-image. The use of this
media can used in various locations and for various learning purposes involves
pictures to inform or encourage the process emotional
❖ Print media
Prints are media whose presentation method uses the method of writing above
The paper uses the objective to convey an issue or pedagogy. media example
prints include: textbooks, modules, programmed texts, workbooks, scientific
magazines, patterned magazines, hand out loose sheets, etc. Jobsheet media
used in This research can be classified into print media, because a job sheet is

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a sheet of paper work or activity sheet, which contains information or orders as
well as instructions for working a task that is presented by writing it down on
paper.

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CHAPTER III
CLOSING

A. Conclusion
1. One of the abilities that a teacher must have is developing materials teach.
Because this ability is needed by students in achieving competence expected
learning. From the explanation above, it can be concluded that the Materials
Teaching means materials or subject matter that are arranged completely and
systematically based on the learning principles used by teachers and students in
the process learning. So the development of teaching materials is a systematic
process in identify, develop, and evaluate content and learning strategies that
directed to achieve learning objectives more effectively and more efficiently.
2. Teaching materials are prepared with the aim of providing teaching materials that
are in accordance with the demands curriculum by considering the needs of
students, namely teaching materials that in accordance with the characteristics and
social environment of students, Helping students in obtaining alternative teaching
materials in addition to textbooks which are sometimes difficult obtained, and
make it easier for teachers to carry out learning.
3. Traditional learning media is a tool that mediates educators with students in
learning activities and are traditional. The procedures for developing teaching
materials are the first we must analyze student behavior and characteristics, then
the design, after all is designed then developed and the last stage is the evaluation
and revision of teaching the material

B. Suggestion
We from the drafting team, realize that in the preparation of this paper there are

still lots of flaws and mistakes. For that, constructive criticism and suggestions from
readers We really hope to improve this paper. With this paper, we hope that readers
can find out about what teaching materials are and how developing teaching materials
using traditional media.

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REFERENCES
A. Anisah, A. H. (2020). Enkulturasi Nilai Karakter Melalui Permainan Tradisional Pada

Pembelajaran Tematik Di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan UNIGA, 318-327.
Alvariani, S. (2022). Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berbasis Permainan Tradisional Jawa Untuk

Pemahaman Konsep Bangun Datar. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikam MIPA.
Cahyadi, R. A. (2019). Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berbasis ADDIE Model.
Halaqa. (n.d.). Islamic Educational Journal, 35-42.
Kosasih, E. (2021). Pengembangan Bahan Ajar. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.
N. Nurdyansyah, D. A. (2020). Analisis Bahan Ajar. Nusantara, 311-326.
Nurdayansyah, N. (2018.). Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Modul Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Bagi

Siswa Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar . Universitas Muhamadiyah Sidoarjo.
Octavia, S. (2017). Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Tematik Dalam Implementasi Kurikulum 2013

Kelas 1 Sekolah Dasar. Education Humanioral Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Kampus
Cibiru, 93-98.

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