NON-NATIVE AND INVASIVE PLANTS IN DELAWARE

NON-NATIVE AND INVASIVE PLANTS IN DELAWARE

William A. McAvoy

Species Conservation and Research Program

Delaware Division of Fish and Wildlife

Delaware Dept. of Natural Resources and Environmental Control

April 2013

Non-native: A species that is not native to North America (north of Mexico). Non-native species are
thought to have been introduced by humans, primarily through agricultural or horticultural practices.
These species have become established in Delaware and are reproducing as if native (i.e., naturalized).

Adventive (highlighted in bold): A species native to North America, but not to Delaware that is now
found growing in Delaware outside of its natural range. Adventive species are not considered to be part
of Delaware's native flora. These species usually arrive due to the human-caused breakdown of natural
barriers to dispersal. Adventive species also include plants that have been introduced, or intentionally
planted in Delaware and are now escaping and surviving without cultivation.

Invasive: A species that causes environmental harm. Invasive species are very aggressive and out-
compete and displace native flora and fauna.

Invasive Watchlist: Invasive species that are not yet well established in Delaware but have the potential
to become abundant and widely distributed throughout the state. Invasive Watchlist species are often a
priority for concern in surrounding states.

SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INVASIVE INVASIVE
WATCHLIST
Abutilon theophrasti velvet-leaf
Acer nigrum black maple X
Acer palmatum Japanese maple X
Acer platanoides Norway maple
Acer pseudoplatanus sycamore maple X
Achillea filipendulina fernleaf yarrow
Achillea millefolium yarrow
Acorus calamus European sweetflag
Aegopodium podagraria Bishops goutweed
Aethusa cynapium fool's-parsley
Agastache foeniculum blue giant-hyssop
Agropyron cristatum crested wheatgrass

SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INVASIVE INVASIVE
WATCHLIST
Agrostemma githago corncockle
Agrostis canina brown bentgrass X
Agrostis gigantea giant bentgrass
Agrostis stolonifera var. palustris marsh bentgrass X
Agrostis stolonifera var. stolonifera spreading bentgrass X
Ailanthus altissima tree-of-Heaven
Aira caryophyllea silvery hairgrass X
Aira praecox early hairgrass X
Ajuga reptans carpet bugleweed
Akebia quinata five-leaf akebia X
Albizia julibrissin silk tree mimosa
Alcea rosea hollyhock X
Alliaria petiolata garlic mustard X
Allium vineale field garlic
Alnus glutinosa European alder X
Alopecurus myosuroides mouse foxtail X
Alopecurus pratensis meadow foxtail
Amaranthus albus white pigweed amaranth X
Amaranthus blitoides prostrate amaranth
Amaranthus blitum livid amaranth
Amaranthus caudatus love-lies-bleeding amaranth
Amaranthus hybridus smooth amaranth
Amaranthus palmeri Palmer's amaranth
Amaranthus retroflexus red-root amaranth
Amaranthus spinosus spiny amaranth
Amaranthus tuberculatus tall amaranth
Ampelopsis brevipedunculata porcelain-berry
Ampelopsis cordata raccoon grape
Amsonia tabernaemontana blue-star
Anagallis arvensis subsp. arvensis scarlet pimpernel
Anagallis arvensis subsp. foemina blue pimpernel
Anthemis arvensis corn chamomile
Anthemis cotula Mayweed
Anthoxanthum odoratum sweet vernal grass
Anthriscus caucalis bur-chervil
Anthriscus sylvestris chervil
Apera spica-venti silky bentgrass
Aphanes arvensis field parsley-piert
Aphanes microcarpa parsley-piert

SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INVASIVE INVASIVE
WATCHLIST
Arabidopsis thaliana wall-cress
Arachis hypogaea peanut X
Aralia elata Japanese angelica-tree
Arctium lappa great burdock X
Arctium minus lesser burdock
Arenaria serpyllifolia thyme-leaf sandwort X
Argemone mexicana Mexican prickly-poppy
Armoracia rusticana horseradish X
Arrhenatherum elatius tall oatgrass X
Artemisia abrotanum Southern wormwood
Artemisia annua annual wormwood X
Artemisia biennis biennial wormwood
Artemisia ludoviciana sagebrush wormwood
Artemisia pontica Roman wormwood
Artemisia stelleriana hoary wormwood
Artemisia vulgaris vulgar wormwood
Arthraxon hispidus joint-head arthraxon
Asparagus officinalis garden asparagus
Asperugo procumbens German madwort
Asperula arvensis blue woodruff
Aster tataricus Tartarian aster
Atriplex prostrata spearscale
Avena fatua wild oats
Avenula pubescens downy alpine oat grass
Azolla caroliniana Eastern mosquito-fern
Barbarea verna early yellow-rocket
Barbarea vulgaris yellow rocket
Bassia hirsuta hairy smotherweed
Bassia scoparia summer-cypress
Berberis thunbergii Japanese barberry
Berberis vulgaris European barberry
Bidens polylepis tick-seed sunflower
Brassica juncea Chinese mustard
Brassica nigra black mustard
Brassica rapa bird's rape
Briza media perennial quaking grass
Briza minor little quaking grass
Bromus arvensis field brome
Bromus briziformis rattlesnake brome

SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INVASIVE INVASIVE
WATCHLIST
Bromus catharticus rescue brome
Bromus commutatus hairy brome X
Bromus hordeaceus soft brome X
Bromus inermis awnless brome
Bromus japonicus Japanese brome X
Bromus rigidus ripgut brome X
Bromus secalinus rye brome X
Bromus sterilis poverty brome X
Bromus tectorum cheat grass brome
Broussonetia papyrifera paper-mulberry X
Buddleja davidii butterfly-bush
Buglossoides arvensis corn-gromwell X
Bupleurum rotundifolium roundleaf thorowax
Cabomba caroliniana Carolina fanwort X
Callicarpa dichotoma Chinese beauty-berry X
Callitriche stagnalis water-starwort X
Calycanthus floridus var. floridus hairy sweet-shrub
Calycanthus floridus var. glaucus smooth sweet-shrub X
Camelina microcarpa little-seed false-flax X
Camelina sativa large-seed false-flax
Campanula rapunculoides creeping bellflower
Cannabis sativa marijuana
Capsella bursa-pastoris shepherd's purse
Cardamine diphylla pepper-root bittercress
Cardamine hirsuta hairy bittercress
Cardamine impatiens touch-me-not bittercress
Cardiospermum halicacabum balloonvine heartseed
Carduus nutans musk thistle
Carex arenaria sand sedge
Carex kobomugi Japanese sand sedge
Carex oklahomensis Oklahoma sedge
Carex shortiana Short's sedge
Carex spicata sedge
Carex texensis sedge
Catalpa bignonioides Southern catalpa
Celastrus orbiculatus Oriental bittersweet
Cenchrus spinifex field sandbur
Centaurea cyanus bachelor's button knapweed
Centaurea jacea brown knapweed

SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INVASIVE INVASIVE
X WATCHLIST
Centaurea nigra black knapweed
Centaurea nigrescens short-fringed knapweed X
Centaurea stoebe subsp. micranthos spotted knapweed
Centaurium pulchellum branching centaury-plant X
Cerastium fontanum mouse-ear chickweed
Cerastium glomeratum sticky chickweed X
Cerastium semidecandrum five-stamen chickweed X
Chaenorhinum minus dwarf snapdragon
Chaerophyllum tainturieri Tainturier's chervil X
Chaiturus marrubiastrum horehound mother-wort X
Chelidonium majus greater celandine X
Chenopodium album white goosefoot
Chenopodium glaucum oakleaf goosefoot X
Chenopodium murale nettle-leaf goosefoot
Chenopodium opulifolium seaport goosefoot X
Chenopodium urbicum city goosefoot
Chenopodium vulvaria stinking goosefoot
Chionodoxa luciliae glory-of-the-snow
Chloris verticillata tumble windmill grass
Chondrilla juncea skeletonweed
Cichorium intybus chicory
Cirsium arvense Canada thistle
Cirsium vulgare bull thistle
Clematis terniflora Japanese virgin's-bower
Clinopodium vulgare field basil
Coincya monensis wallflower-cabbage
Commelina communis var. communis light-blue Asiatic dayflower
Commelina communis var. ludens dark-blue Asiatic dayflower
Conium maculatum poison-hemlock
Conringia orientalis hare's-ear mustard
Consolida ajacis doubtful knight's-spur
Convallaria majalis European lily-of-the-valley
Convolvulus arvensis field bindweed
Coreopsis lanceolata lance-leaf coreopsis
Coreopsis tinctoria var. tinctoria golden tickseed
Coriandrum sativum coriander
Cosmos bipinnatus garden cosmos
Crataegus monogyna one seed hawthorn
Crataegus phaenopyrum Washington hawthorn

SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INVASIVE INVASIVE
WATCHLIST
Crepis capillaris smooth hawksbeard
Crocus tomasinianus woodland crocus X
Croton capitatus woolly croton X
Croton glandulosus var. septentrionalis Northern croton
Croton texensis Texas croton X
Crypsis schoenoides swamp Timothy
Cullen corylifolia Malay-tea X
Cuscuta epilinum flax dodder X
Cymbalaria muralis Kenilworth's ivy
Cynanchum laeve sandvine
Cynanchum louiseae black swallow-wort
Cynodon dactylon Bermuda grass
Cynoglossum officinale hound's-tongue
Cynosurus cristatus crested dogtail grass
Cyperus amuricus Asian flatsedge
Cyperus compressus poorland flatsedge
Cyperus difformis small-flowered flatsedge
Cyperus flavicomus white-edge flatsedge
Cyperus iria Iria flatsedge
Cyperus rotundus purple flatsedge
Cyrilla racemiflora swamp cyrilla
Cystopteris tennesseensis Tennessee bladderfern
Cytisus scoparius Scotch broom
Dactylis glomerata orchard grass
Datura stramonium jimsonweed
Daucus carota wild carrot
Descurainia sophia herb-Sophia
Dianthus armeria Deptford-pink
Dianthus barbatus sweet-William
Digitaria ischaemum smooth crabgrass
Digitaria sanguinalis hairy crabgrass
Dioscorea polystachya Chinese yam
Diplotaxis tenuifolia slim-leaf wallrocket
Dipsacus fullonum Fuller's teasel
Draba verna spring draba
Dracocephalum parviflorum American dragonhead
Dysphania ambrosioides wormseed goosefoot
Dysphania botrys Jerusalem-oak
Dysphania pumilio goosefoot

SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INVASIVE INVASIVE
WATCHLIST
Echinochloa crusgalli barnyard grass
Echium vulgare viper's-bugloss X
Eclipta prostrata false daisy
Egeria densa Brazilian waterweed X
Eichhornia crassipes water hyacinth X
Elaeagnus umbellata autumn olive
Eleusine indica India goosegrass X
Elymus repens quack-grass wild rye X
Epipactis helleborine broad-leaved helleborine
Eragrostis cilianensis stinky lovegrass X
Eragrostis curvula weeping lovegrass
Eragrostis mexicana Mexican lovegrass X
Eragrostis minor little lovegrass X
Eragrostis pilosa India lovegrass
Eranthis hyemalis winter aconite X
Eriochloa villosa Chinese cupgrass X
Erodium cicutarium pin clover X
Erodium moschatum coarse storksbill
Erucastrum gallicum dog mustard X
Eryngium prostratum prostrate eryngo
Erysimum cheiranthoides wormseed wallflower
Eschscholzia californica California poppy
Euonymus alatus winged euonymus
Euonymus fortunei winter creeper
Euphorbia cyparissias Cypress spurge
Euphorbia helioscopia madwoman's milk spurge
Euphorbia hexagona six-angle spurge
Euphorbia peplus petty spurge
Euphorbia prostrata prostrate sandmat
Exochorda racemosa pearlbrush
Fagopyrum esculentum buckwheat
Fallopia convolvulus black bindweed
Fallopia dumetorum false climbing buckwheat
Fallopia japonica Japanese knotweed
Fallopia sachalinensis giant knotweed
Festuca trachyphylla Ovina fescue
Ficaria verna lesser celandine
Filago vulgaris cotton rose
Foeniculum vulgare sweet fennel

SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INVASIVE INVASIVE
WATCHLIST
Fragaria vesca European wood strawberry
Frangula alnus European alder-buckthorn X
Froelichia floridana Florida cottonweed X
Froelichia gracilis slender cottonweed
Fumaria officinalis drug fumitory X
Gaillardia pulchella var. pulchella fire-wheel blanket-flower X
Galanthus nivalis snowdrops X
Galinsoga quadriradiata fringed quickweed
Galium mollugo madder bedstraw X
Galium odoratum sweet bedstraw X
Galium verum yellow spring bedstraw
Gamochaeta argentina a cudweed X
Geranium columbinum long-stalk crane's-bill X
Geranium molle dovesfoot crane's-bill X
Geranium pusillum small-flower crane's-bill X
Geranium robertianum Robert's crane's-bill
Geranium thunbergii Asian crane's-bill X
Geum vernum spring avens X
Ginkgo biloba ginkgo
Glaucium flavum yellow hornpoppy X
Glechoma hederacea ground-ivy X
Gleditsia triacanthos honey-locust
Glossostigma cleistanthum mudmat
Gnaphalium uliginosum low cudweed
Grindelia squarrosa var. squarrosa broadleaf gumweed
Hedera helix English ivy
Hedera hibernica Atlantic ivy
Helianthus annuus domesticated sunflower
Helianthus grosseserratus sawtooth sunflower
Helianthus tuberosus Jerusalem artichoke
Heliotropium curassavicum seaside heliotrope
Heliotropium europaeum European heliotrope
Hemerocallis fulva orange daylily
Hesperis matronalis Dame's rocket
Hibiscus syriacus rose-of-Sharon
Hibiscus trionum flower-of-an-hour
Hieracium caespitosum meadow hawkweed
Hieracium flagellare hawkweed
Hieracium lachenalii European hawkweed

SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INVASIVE INVASIVE
WATCHLIST
Hieracium pilosella mouse-ear hawkweed
Hieracium piloselloides tall hawkweed X
Holcus lanatus velvet grass
Holosteum umbellatum jagged chickweed X
Hordeum brachyantherum subsp. meadow barley
brachyantherum X
Hordeum jubatum foxtail barley X
Hordeum murinum mouse barley
Hosta ventricosa blue plantain-lily X
Houstonia pusilla tiny bluet
Humulus japonicus Japanese hops X
Hyacinthoides hispanica Spanish bluebells X
Hydrilla verticillata hydrilla X
Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides lawn pennywort
Hyoscyamus niger black henbane X
Hypericum perforatum alien St. John's-wort
Hypochaeris radicata spotted cat's-ear X
Ilex crenata Japanese holly X
Inula helenium Elecampane flower
Ipomoea coccinea red morning-glory
Ipomoea hederacea ivy-leaf morning-glory
Ipomoea purpurea purple morning-glory
Ipomopsis rubra red standing-cypress
Iris domestica blackberry lily
Iris pseudacorus yellow iris
Juncus brachycarpus short-fruited rush
Juncus compressus round fruit rush
Juncus diffusissimus diffuse rush
Juncus scirpoides var. compositus lobulate round-head rush
Juncus torreyi Torrey's rush
Juncus validus var. validus vigorous rush
Juniperus communis ground juniper
Justicia americana American water-willow
Kickxia elatine sharp-point toadflax
Koeleria macrantha prairie Junegrass
Koelreuteria paniculata golden rain-tree
Kummerowia stipulacea stipuled Korean-clover
Kummerowia striata striate Korean-clover
Kyllinga gracillima Asiatic greenhead sedge
Kyllinga pumila annual greenhead sedge

SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INVASIVE INVASIVE
WATCHLIST
Lactuca saligna willow-leaf lettuce
Lactuca sativa garden lettuce X
Lactuca serriola prickly lettuce
Lamiastrum galeobdolon yellow archangel X
Lamium amplexicaule clasping deadnettle X
Lamium maculatum spotted deadnettle
Lamium purpureum purple deadnettle X
Landoltia punctata dotted duckweed X
Lathyrus latifolius broadleaf peavine X
Leonurus cardiaca cardiac mother-wort
Leonurus sibiricus Siberian motherwort X
Lepidium campestre field pepper-grass X
Lepidium densiflorum dense-flower pepper-grass X
Lepidium didymum wart pepper-grass X
Lepidium draba hoary pepper-grass X
Lepidium ruderale narrow-leaf pepper-grass
Lepidium sativum garden pepper-grass X
Lespedeza bicolor shrubby bushclover
Lespedeza cuneata Chinese bushclover X
Lespedeza thunbergii Thunberg's bushclover X
Leucanthemum vulgare oxeye daisy X
Leucojum aestivum summer snowflake X
Leucothoe axillaris coastal doghobble
Liatris cylindracea slender blazingstar
Ligustrum japonicum Japanese Privet
Ligustrum obtusifolium border privet
Ligustrum ovalifolium California privet
Ligustrum sinense Chinese privet
Ligustrum vulgare European privet
Lilium lancifolium tiger lily
Linaria vulgaris butter-and-eggs
Linum usitatissimum linseed flax
Lobularia maritima sweet alyssum
Lolium perenne perennial ryegrass
Lolium temulentum darnel ryegrass
Lonicera fragrantissima sweet-breath-of-spring
Lonicera japonica Japanese honeysuckle
Lonicera maackii Amur honeysuckle
Lonicera morrowii Morrow’s honeysuckle

SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INVASIVE INVASIVE
WATCHLIST
Lonicera standishii Standish's honeysuckle X
Lonicera tatarica Tartarian honeysuckle X X
Lotus corniculatus birds-foot trefoil X
Ludwigia leptocarpa water-willow seedbox X
Ludwigia peploides subsp. glabrescens floating seedbox
Lunaria annua annual honesty X
Lycium barbarum matrimony vine X
Lycopus europaeus European bugleweed
Lysimachia nummularia creeping loosestrife X
Lythrum hyssopifolia hyssop loosestrife X
Lythrum salicaria purple loosestrife
Macleaya cordata plume poppy X
Maclura pomifera osage orange
Magnolia kobus Kobus magnolia X
Magnolia tripetala umbrella tree X
Mahonia bealei Beale's Oregon-grape X
Mahonia repens creeping hollygrape X
Malus baccata Siberian crabapple X
Malus pumila common apple
Malva moschata musk cheeseweed X
Malva neglecta dwarf cheeseweed
Malva sylvestris high cheeseweed
Malva verticillata curled cheeseweed
Marrubium vulgare hoarhound
Marsilea quadrifolia European water-clover
Matricaria discoidea pineapple-weed
Matteuccia struthiopteris var. pensylvanica ostrich fern
Mazus pumilus Japanese mazus
Medicago lupulina black medic
Medicago sativa alfalfa
Melilotus albus white sweetclover
Melilotus indicus Indian sweetclover
Melilotus officinalis yellow sweetclover
Melissa officinalis garden balm
Melothria pendula var. pendula creeping cucumber
Mentha aquatica water mint
Mentha arvensis field mint
Mentha spicata spearmint
Mentha suaveolens apple mint

SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INVASIVE INVASIVE
X WATCHLIST
Mercurialis annua herb-Mercury X
Microstegium vimineum Japanese stilt grass X X
Microthlaspi perfoliatum perfoliate penny-cress
Mirabilis nyctaginea heart-leaved umbrella-wort X X
Miscanthus sinensis Chinese silver grass X
Modiola caroliniana bristly-fruited mallow X X
Mollugo verticillata green carpetweed X X
Monarda didyma Oswego-tea beebalm X
Morus alba white mulberry
Murdannia keisak marsh dewflower X
Muscari botryoides common grape-hyacinth X
Muscari neglectum grape-hyacinth
Myosotis arvensis field forget-me-not
Myosotis discolor yellow-and-blue forget-me-
not
Myosotis scorpioides true forget-me-not
Myosotis stricta small-flowered forget-me-
not
Myosoton aquaticum giant-chickweed
Myosurus minimus Eastern mousetail
Myriophyllum aquaticum parrot's-feather water-milfoil
Myriophyllum spicatum Eurasian water-milfoil
Najas minor brittle naiad
Narcissus pseudonarcissus daffodil
Nasturtium officinale watercress
Nepeta cataria catnip
Nicandra physalodes apple-of-Peru
Nicotiana longiflora long-flower tobacco
Nymphoides peltata yellow floatingheart
Onopordum acanthium subsp. acanthium Scotch cotton-thistle
Oporinia autumnalis autumn hawkbit
Origanum vulgare wild marjoram
Ornithogalum nutans drooping Star-of-Bethlehem
Ornithogalum umbellatum Star-of-Bethlehem
Orobanche minor clover broomrape
Oxalis corniculata creeping woodsorrel
Pachysandra terminalis pachysandra
Panicum miliaceum broomcorn panicgrass
Papaver dubium long-pod poppy
Papaver somniferum opium poppy

SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INVASIVE INVASIVE
WATCHLIST
Parapholis incurva sickle grass X
Parietaria floridana Florida pellitory X X
Parthenium hysterophorus Santa Maria feverfew X X
Paspalum dilatatum Dallis paspalum X X
Paspalum pubiflorum var. glabrum hairyseed paspalum X X
Passiflora incarnata purple passion-flower X X
Pastinaca sativa wild parsnip X X
Paulownia tomentosa royal Paulownia X
Pellaea atropurpurea purple-stem cliff-brake X X
Pennisetum alopecuroides Chinese fountain grass
Perilla frutescens beefsteak plant X
Persicaria extremiorientalis Japanese smartweed
Persicaria hydropiper marshpepper smartweed
Persicaria lapathifolia dock-leaf smartweed
Persicaria longiseta longbristle smartweed
Persicaria maculosa lady's thumb smartweed
Persicaria orientalis prince's-plume smartweed
Persicaria perfoliata mile-a-minute
Petrorhagia prolifera childing-pink
Phalaris arundinacea reed canary grass
Phalaris canariensis common canary grass
Phellodendron amurense Amur corktree
Philadelphus coronarius European mock-orange
Phleum pratense meadow Timothy
Phlox divaricata var. divaricata blue phlox
Phlox paniculata fall phlox
Photinia villosa oriental redtip
Phragmites australis subsp. australis European reed
Phyllanthus tenellus Mascarene Island leaf-flower
Phyllostachys aurea bamboo
Physalis alkekengi strawberry ground-cherry
Physalis angulata var. angulata cutleaf ground-cherry
Physalis philadelphica Mexican ground-cherry
Physostegia virginiana subsp. virginiana false dragonhead
Picea rubens red spruce
Pieris floribunda evergreen mountain
fetterbush
Pimpinella saxifraga burnet-saxifrage
Pinus strobus Eastern white pine
Pinus thunbergiana Japanese black pine

SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INVASIVE INVASIVE
WATCHLIST
Pistia stratiotes water-lettuce
Pisum sativum garden pea X
Planodes virginicum Virginia-cress
Plantago aristata large-bract plantain X
Plantago heterophylla slender plantain X
Plantago lanceolata English plantain X
Plantago major nipple-seed plantain X
Plantago psyllium leafy-stemmed plantain
Plantago pusilla dwarf plantain X
Poa annua annual bluegrass X
Poa bulbosa bulbose bluegrass
Poa chapmaniana Chapman's bluegrass
Poa compressa Canada bluegrass
Poa nemoralis wood bluegrass
Poa palustris fowl bluegrass
Poa pratensis Kentucky bluegrass
Poa trivialis rough bluegrass
Polygonum aviculare knotweed
Polypogon monspeliensis rabbit foot grass
Populus alba white cottonwood
Populus balsamifera balsam cottonwood
Populus deltoides var. deltoides Eastern cottonwood
Populus tremuloides quaking aspen cottonwood
Portulaca oleracea purslane
Potamogeton crispus curly pondweed
Potentilla indica Indian cinquefoil
Potentilla recta sulphur cinquefoil
Potentilla reptans creeping cinquefoil
Poterium sanguisorba subsp. muricatum salad burnet
Prunella vulgaris var. vulgaris alien self-heal
Prunus angustifolia var. angustifolia Chickasaw plum
Prunus avium sweet cherry
Prunus cerasus sour red cherry
Prunus insititia bullace plum
Prunus mahaleb perfumed cherry
Prunus padus European bird cherry
Prunus persica peach
Ptelea trifoliata hoptree
Puccinellia distans spreading alkali grass

SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INVASIVE INVASIVE
X WATCHLIST
Pueraria montana var. lobata kudzu X
Pyrus calleryana Callery pear X
Pyrus communis common pear X
Quercus acutissima sawtooth oak X
Quercus imbricaria shingle oak X X
Quercus macrocarpa bur oak X
Ranunculus acris tall buttercup X X
Ranunculus bulbosus bulbous buttercup X
Ranunculus parviflorus small-flower buttercup
Ranunculus repens creeping buttercup X
Ranunculus sardous Sardinian buttercup X
Raphanus raphanistrum wild radish X
Raphanus sativus garden radish
Ratibida columnifera columnar prairie coneflower X
Reseda alba white upright mignonette
Rhamnus cathartica buckthorn
Rhamnus davurica lance-leaf buckthorn
Rhododendron maximum great rhododendron
Rhodotypos scandens jetbead
Rhynchospora inexpansa nodding beakrush
Ribes rubrum garden red gooseberry
Ribes uva-crispa European gooseberry
Ricinus communis castor-bean
Robinia hispida var. hispida bristly locust
Robinia pseudoacacia black locust
Rorippa palustris var. hispida hairy bog yellowcress
Rorippa palustris var. palustris bog yellowcress
Rorippa sylvestris creeping yellowcress
Rosa gallica French rose
Rosa multiflora multiflora rose
Rosa rubiginosa sweetbrier rose
Rosa rugosa rugosa rose
Rosa setigera prairie rose
Rubus laciniatus evergreen blackberry
Rubus phoenicolasius wineberry
Rubus triphyllus three-leaf blackberry
Rudbeckia fulgida var. speciosa orange coneflower
Rudbeckia hirta var. pulcherrima black-eyed-Susan
Rudbeckia triloba brown-eyed Susan

SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INVASIVE INVASIVE
WATCHLIST
Rumex acetosella sheep dock
Rumex crispus curly dock X
Rumex obtusifolius bitter dock
Rumex patientia patience dock X
Rumex pulcher fiddle dock X
Rumex triangulivalvis willow dock X
Sagina japonica Japanese pearlwort X
Sagina procumbens procumbent pearlwort
Salix alba white willow
Salix babylonica weeping willow
Salix caprea goat willow
Salix fragilis crack willow
Salix purpurea basket willow
Salsola kali Russian-thistle
Saponaria officinalis bouncing-bet
Satureja hortensis summer savory
Schedonorus arundinaceus Kentucky fescue
Schedonorus pratensis meadow fescue
Schoenoplectiella mucronata alien bulrush
Scilla siberica Siberian squill
Scleranthus annuus annual knawel
Scorpiurus muricatus prickly sensitive-brier
Securigera varia crown vetch
Sedum sarmentosum stringy stonecrop
Senecio vulgaris old-man-in-the-spring
Senna obtusifolia sicklepod senna
Setaria faberi nodding foxtail
Setaria italica Italian foxtail
Setaria pumila dwarf yellow foxtail
Setaria verticillata bristly foxtail
Setaria viridis green foxtail
Sherardia arvensis silver buffalo-berry
Sida spinosa prickly mallow
Silene armeria thrift catchfly
Silene conica striate catchfly
Silene conoidea conoid catchfly
Silene coronaria rose campion
Silene csereii Balkan bladder-campion
Silene dioica red catchfly

SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INVASIVE INVASIVE
WATCHLIST
Silene latifolia white campion
Silene noctiflora night-flowering catchfly X
Silene vulgaris bladder campion X
Silphium perfoliatum cup-plant
Sinapis alba white mustard X
Sinapis arvensis corn mustard X
Sisymbrium altissimum tall hedge-mustard X
Sisymbrium officinale hairy-pod hedge-mustard
Solanum carolinense var. carolinense Carolina nightshade X
Solanum citrullifolium watermelon nightshade
Solanum dulcamara climbing nightshade
Solanum rostratum buffalo bur nightshade
Solanum sarrachoides ground-cherry nightshade
Solanum sisymbriifolium sticky nightshade
Sonchus arvensis var. arvensis hairy field sowthistle
Sonchus arvensis var. glabrescens smooth field sowthistle
Sonchus asper spiny-leaf sowthistle
Sonchus oleraceus delectable sowthistle
Sorghum halepense Johnson grass
Spergula arvensis cornspurry
Spergularia rubra purple sandspurry
Spiraea japonica Japanese spiraea
Spiraea prunifolia bridal-wreath spiraea
Sporobolus indicus smut grass
Stellaria corei Tennessee starwort
Stellaria graminea little starwort
Stellaria media medium starwort
Stylophorum diphyllum celandine poppy
Styrax japonicus Japanese styrax
Symphoricarpos albus var. laevigatus white coral-berry
Symphoricarpos orbiculatus coral-berry
Symphytum officinale comfrey
Symplocos paniculata sapphire-berry
Tanacetum balsamita costmary tansy
Tanacetum parthenium feather-leaf tansy
Tanacetum vulgare vulgar tansy
Taraxacum erythrospermum redseed dandelion
Taraxacum officinale dandelion
Tarenaya hassleriana spiderflower

SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INVASIVE INVASIVE
WATCHLIST
Taxodium ascendens pond cypress
Taxus cuspidata Japanese yew X
Teesdalia nudicaulis shepherd's-cress
Tetradium daniellii bee-bee tree X
Thlaspi alliaceum roadside penny-cress
Thlaspi arvense field penny-cress X
Thymus praecox subsp. arcticus creeping thyme X
Thymus vulgaris garden thyme X
Tradescantia ohiensis Ohio spiderwort X
Tragopogon dubius meadow goat's-beard
Tragopogon porrifolius purple goat's-beard X
Tragopogon pratensis meadow goat's-beard
Trapa natans water chestnut
Tribulus terrestris puncture-weed
Trifolium arvense rabbit-foot clover
Trifolium aureum yellow clover
Trifolium campestre low hop clover
Trifolium carolinianum Carolina clover
Trifolium dubium suckling clover
Trifolium hybridum alsike clover
Trifolium incarnatum crimson clover
Trifolium pratense red clover
Trifolium repens white clover
Trillium grandiflorum great white trillium
Tripidium ravennae Ravenna grass
Tripsacum dactyloides var. dactyloides gamagrass
Tussilago farfara colts-foot
Typha angustifolia narrowleaf cattail
Uniola paniculata sea oats
Urochloa texana Texas signalgrass
Urtica dioica stinging nettle
Vaccaria hispanica cowcockle
Valerianella locusta European cornsalad
Verbascum blattaria moth mullein
Verbascum lychnitis white mullein
Verbascum phlomoides clasping-leaf mullein
Verbascum thapsus great mullein
Verbena officinalis European vervain
Verbena stricta hoary vervain

SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INVASIVE INVASIVE
WATCHLIST
Veronica agrestis field speedwell
Veronica arvensis corn speedwell X
Veronica hederifolia ivyleaf speedwell X
Veronica officinalis the official speedwell
Veronica persica bird-eye speedwell X
Veronica polita speedwell X
Veronica serpyllifolia thyme-leaved speedwell
Viburnum dilatatum exotic arrow-wood X
Viburnum plicatum Japanese snowball X
Viburnum setigerum tea viburnum
Viburnum sieboldii Siebold's viburnum X
Vicia cracca tufted vetch
Vicia grandiflora showy vetch
Vicia hirsuta hairy vetch
Vicia lathyroides spring vetch
Vicia sativa subsp. nigra narrowleaf common vetch
Vicia sativa subsp. sativa common vetch
Vicia tetrasperma lentil vetch
Vicia villosa winter vetch
Vigna unguiculata black-eyed-pea
Vinca minor lesser periwinkle
Viola arvensis small wild pansy
Viola tricolor three-colored violet
Vulpia myuros rattail six-weeks grass
Wisteria frutescens American wisteria
Wisteria sinensis Chinese wisteria
Xanthium spinosum spiny cocklebur
Xyris jupicai Richard's yellow-eyed-grass
Zanthoxylum simulans Chinese prickly-ash