Robot Programmer Knowledge Constructor Empowered Learner Digital Citizen Computational Thinker Innovative Designer Technology Explorer ICTECH Computing EdTech Department Developed By: The City School Third Edition
Education Technology Acknowledgements Project Lead EDTECH Department & Regional Computing Curriculum Leaders Group Head Office: 31 – Industrial Area, Guru Mangat Road, Gulberg III, Lahore, Pakistan. Ph: +92 (42) 111 444 123 Fax: +92 (42) 35773065 Website: www.thecityschool.edu.pk Project Team All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any part by any means at any time. The entire computing curriculum is mapped with the attainment levels of the UK National Curriculum, ICDL and ISTE Student Standards 2017-2018. ICDL
Table of Contents Analysing Data ..................................................................................................................11 1.1. Overview................................................................................................................................................................................................................12 1.2. Inserting Columns Between Data Cells.......................................................................................................................................12 1.3. Advanced Functions in Excel................................................................................................................................................................13 1.4. Preparing Data for Analysis .................................................................................................................................................................26 1.5. Modifying Worksheets in Excel ..........................................................................................................................................................30 1.6. Getting Worksheets Ready for Print.............................................................................................................................................32 Document Creation.........................................................................................................36 2.1. Overview................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 37 2.2. Using Header and Footer....................................................................................................................................................................... 37 2.3. Adding Hyperlinks..........................................................................................................................................................................................41 2.4. Working with Page Borders .................................................................................................................................................................. 43 2.5. Image and Text Manipulation..............................................................................................................................................................45 2.6. Working with Tables in Word...............................................................................................................................................................52 2.7. Spelling and Grammar Check.............................................................................................................................................................55 2.8. Use of Thesaurus........................................................................................................................................................................................... 56 2.9. Find and Replace .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 57 2.10.Document Views.............................................................................................................................................................................................60 2.11. Mail Merge.............................................................................................................................................................................................................61 2.12. Printing Document........................................................................................................................................................................................ 69 E-Safety and Going Online.............................................................................................73 3.1. What is a Web Browser ...............................................................................................................................................................................74 3.2. Web Browser Anatomy.................................................................................................................................................................................74 3.3. Bookmarks and Browser History..........................................................................................................................................................75 3.4. Search Enginer.......................................................................................................................................................................................................76 3.5. Internet Protocols................................................................................................................................................................................................80 3.6. Wiki.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................82 3.7. Intellectual Property ........................................................................................................................................................................................83 3.8. Internet Hazards.................................................................................................................................................................................................84 3.9. Types of Computer Viruses.......................................................................................................................................................................84 3.10. Digital Citizenship...............................................................................................................................................................................................86 3.11. Digital Resilience.................................................................................................................................................................................................87 3.12. Online Risks and Threats............................................................................................................................................................................87
Table of Contents 3.13. Internet Safety Tips.................................................................................................................................................................................................89 3.14. Getting Familiar with Microsoft Office 365.........................................................................................................................................89 Modular Designing.............................................................................................................97 4.1. Getting Started with EDraw Max............................................................................................................................................................ 98 4.2. EDraw Max Interface........................................................................................................................................................................................ 98 4.3. Creating and Arranging Diagrams.....................................................................................................................................................103 4.4. Working with Document Themes.........................................................................................................................................................105 4.5. Align, Distribute and Group........................................................................................................................................................................108 4.6. Inserting Text in a Shape.............................................................................................................................................................................109 4.7. Inserting and Editing Backgrounds.....................................................................................................................................................110 4.8. Layers in EDraw Max .......................................................................................................................................................................................113 4.9. Formatting Shapes............................................................................................................................................................................................115 4.10. Formatting Shapes............................................................................................................................................................................................121 4.11. Printing.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................123 Handling Databases...........................................................................................................128 5.1. Overview......................................................................................................................................................................................................................129 5.2. Getting Started with MS Access...............................................................................................................................................................129 5.3. Datatypes in MS Access.................................................................................................................................................................................134 5.4. Creating Database in MS Access ...........................................................................................................................................................134 5.5. Understanding Tables in MS Access....................................................................................................................................................135 5.6. Understanding Tables in MS Access....................................................................................................................................................139 5.7. Constraints in MS Access................................................................................................................................................................................141 5.8. Creating Relationships in MS Access...................................................................................................................................................142 5.9. Queries in MS Access........................................................................................................................................................................................144 5.10. Forms and Reports in MS Access ..........................................................................................................................................................148 Robotics................................................................................................................................... 159 6.1. Introduction to Robotics..................................................................................................................................................................................160 6.2. Getting Started with Edison..........................................................................................................................................................................160 6.3. EdScratch Interface.............................................................................................................................................................................................163 6.4. EdScratch Block Categories.........................................................................................................................................................................165 6.5. EdScratch Sample Codes...............................................................................................................................................................................168
Minecraft .......................................................................................................................173 7.1. Computer Science Principles......................................................................................................................................................174 7.2. Getting Started with Minecraft.................................................................................................................................................174 7.3. Repeat Loops.................................................................................................................................................................................... .....178 7.4. If Statements............................................................................................................................................................................................178 Glossary..........................................................................................................................182 Table of Contents
What is ICTECH Computing? Structure of the Book Book Features Student Learning Outcomes ISTE Student Standard Coverage The ICTech (Innovation in Curriculum through Technology) Curriculum is based on the best practices in learning and teaching with technology to improve higher order thinking skills of students to prepare them for their future in a competitive global job market. In this curriculum, technology is used as a tool to integrate 21st century competencies and expertise such as communication, leadership, critical thinking, complex problem solving and collaboration in different subjects. These appear at the start of each chapter and define the skills students will be equipped with after completing the lesson. These represent the ISTE student standards covered in each chapter. A complete description of ISTE student standard can be found here. • Analysing Data: techniques to peform data analysis using spreadsheet software • Document Creation: working with creating and formatting documents using word processing tool • E-Safety and Going Online: getting familiar with internet surfing techniques and online safety • Modular Designing: working with design tools to create artefacts • Handling Databases: working with data using database software • Robotics: getting familiar with fundamentals of robot programming • Minecraft: learning to code through Minecraft
Chapter Opener These appear at the start of every chapter and are designed to grasp learners attention related to the topic. Chapter openers consist of useful bits of information related to the topic. Checkpoints are learning bits that appear within the chapter at different stages to reinforce the important learning concepts. Food for neurons consist of fun facts or trending news about the topic. These appear within each chapter. Checkpoint Food for Neurons Let’s Review My Notes Chapter Highlights Each chapter ends with the key learning points that provide a complete overview of the chapter. Key terms appearing throughout the chapter are highlighted to draw learner’s attention. My Notes section appears at the end of the chapter. Here learners can write important learning points or reflect on their learning. Glossary Contains the important terminology covered in the book.
Data Analysis-Application Data analytics applications, or, more specifically, predictive analysis help in minimizing crime rates. Logistic companies are using data analysis to examine collected data and improve their overall efficiency. Self-learning healthcare programs, are able to work on data of individual patients to provide a personalized health recommendation. Big Data allows urban planners to develop a new understanding of how cities function. Data analysis allows smart meters to self-regulate energy consumption for the most efficient energy use. Security Delivery Healthcare Urban Planning Energy Consumption
Data Analysis-Application Data analytics applications, or, more specifically, predictive analysis help in minimizing crime rates. Logistic companies are using data analysis to examine collected data and improve their overall efficiency. Self-learning healthcare programs, are able to work on data of individual patients to provide a personalized health recommendation. Big Data allows urban planners to develop a new understanding of how cities function. Data analysis allows smart meters to self-regulate energy consumption for the most efficient energy use. Security Delivery Healthcare Urban Planning Energy Consumption Student Learning Outcomes ISTE Student Standard Coverage 1. Insert column between data cells 2. Use various advance functions in excel for data analysis purpose 3. Visualize data through charts and apply different styles on charts 4. Represent data in tables for readability by applying different borders on cells 5. Apply meaningful name to the sheet 6. Make the sheet ready for print purposes by changing page orientation, adjusting margins and page size Empowered Learner Creative Communicator Computational Thinker 1a 1d 5a 5b 5d 6c 6d After going through this chapter, students will be able to: Analysing Data
1.1. Overview 1.2. Inserting Columns Between Data Cells Excel is a spreadsheet program that allows you to store, organize, and analyze information. The basics of Microsoft excel have been covered in detail in previous books. This chapter focuses more on working with advance features in excel. 1. Select the column heading to the right of where you want the new column to appear. To insert a column between columns B and C, select column C. 3. The new column will appear to the left of the selected column. 2. Click the Insert command on the Home tab. The City School 12 2023-2024
Analysing Data 1.3. Advanced Functions in Excel COUNT A function is a predefined formula that performs calculations using specific values in a particular order. Excel includes many common functions that can be used to quickly find the sum, average, count, maximum value, and minimum value for a range of cells. The COUNT function is used to calculate the number of cells that contain numbers, this function ignores the text values between the cells and only calculates numeric values. The COUNT function has the following syntax: =COUNT (value1, [value2], ...) • value1 [required]: the first item, cell reference, or range within which you want to count numbers. • value2, ...[optional] : up to 255 additional items, cell references, or ranges within which you want to count numbers. 1. In this example, we want to find the number of numeric values in cell B The City School 13 2023-2024
TODAY The Excel TODAY function returns the current date, updated continuously when a worksheet is changed or opened. The TODAY function takes no arguments. The word concatenate is just another way of saying to combine or “to join together”. The CONCATENATE function allows you to combine text from different cells into one cell. Enter the formula in any cell where you want to enter today’s date =TODAY() CONCATENATE 2. In this example, we want to find the number of numeric values in cell B. You can either directly type in the formula i.e. =COUNT(B4:B12) or can write =COUNT and select the desired cell range by dragging the mouse through the cells. Press enter to get the result. =Today( ) =CONCATENATE (text1, text2, [text3], ...) The City School 14 2023-2024
Analysing Data 1. In this example, we want to join the agent’s name written in column A and region written in column B. The result will be displayed in column C 2. CONCATENATE will combine exactly what you tell it to combine, and nothing more. • text1: the first text value to join together. • text2: the second text value to join together. • text3[optional]: the third text value to join together. 3. If you want punctuation, spaces, or any other details to appear in the cell, you’ll need to tell CONCATENATE to include it. To add a space, we can simply add another argument: “ “ (two double quotes around a space). Make sure the three arguments are separated by commas: =CONCATENATE(A2,” “,B2) The City School 15 2023-2024
MID returns a specific number of characters from a text string, starting at the position you specify, based on the number of characters you specify. 1. In this example, we will extract the word “Pakistan“ from the string “I live in Pakistan“ by using MID function. To do so, type in the string in the excel sheet. 2. Go to Formulas tab from office ribbon, in the Function Library group, click Text, and then click MID. MID 3. Specify the fields in the dialog box that appears and press enter to get the result. It is important to note that space is also counted as a character. =MID (text, start_num, num_chars) • text: the text to extract from. • start_num: the location of the first character to extract. • num_chars: the number of characters to extract. The City School 16 2023-2024
Analysing Data LEFT LEFT returns the first character or characters in a text string, based on the number of characters you specify. 1. In this example, we will extract the word “I live“ from the left of the string “I live in Pakistan“ by using LEFT function. To do so, type in the string in the excel sheet. 2. Go to Formulas tab from office ribbon, in the Function Library group, click Text, and then click LEFT. 3. Excel automatically identifies the starting left part of the string. You only have to enter the number of characters of the word that you want to extract. =LEFT (text, [num_chars]) • text: the text from which to extract characters. • num_chars [optional]: the number of characters to extract, starting on the left side of text. Default = 1. The City School 17 2023-2024
3. Excel automatically identifies the starting right part of the string. You only have to enter the number of characters of the word that you want to extract. RIGHT RIGHT returns the last character or characters in a text string, based on the number of characters you specify. 1. In this example, we will extract the word “n Pakistan“ from the right of the string “I live in Pakistan“ by using Right function. To do so, type in the string in the excel sheet. 2. Go to Formulas tab from office ribbon, in the Function Library group, click Text, and then click RIGHT. =RIGHT (text, [num_chars]) • text: the text to extract from. • num_chars[optional]: the number of characters to extract. If not specified, Excel chooses 1 by default. The City School 18 2023-2024
Analysing Data SUBSTITUTE Using the SUBSTITUTE function, we can replace the part of the text in a cell. The substitute function is represented as: =SUBSTITUTE(text, old_text, new_text, [instance_ num]) • Text (required argument): this is the text or reference to a cell that contains text for which we want to substitute characters. • Old_text (required argument): the text we wish to replace. • New_text (required argument): the text we want to replace the old_text with. • Instance_num (optional argument): specifies which occurrence of old_text you want to replace with new_text. If you specify instance_num, only that instance of old_text is replaced. Otherwise, every occurrence of old_text in text is changed to new_text. =SUBSTITUTE (text, old_text, new_ text, [instance]) 1. In this example, we will substitute the word “Pakistan“ with “Canada“ in the string “We live in Pakistan.“ 2. Go to Formulas tab from office ribbon, in the Function Library group, click Text, and then click SUBSTITUTE. Alternatively, you can enter the function directly in the desired cell and specify the required arguments. Checkpoint The COUNT function is used to calculate the number of cells that contain numbers. TODAY function returns the current date. CONCATENATE function allows you to combine text from different cells into one cell. The City School 19 2023-2024
3. Specify the fields in the dialog box that appears and press enter to get the result. AND You can use the AND function to check if all the conditions of a particular group are met. In this case, Microsoft Excel shows the value TRUE, otherwise FALSE is displayed. In the above-mentioned example, a logical expression evaluates both logical conditions and if both are correct then the outcome will be TRUE and if any condition is incorrect the outcome will be FALSE. It is important to note that If you want to add more conditions in the formula you can use a coma after the logical test as highlighted in the example: =AND (D2=”Mature”,E2=”Islamabad”). String values in double-quotes “ ” are case sensitive. =AND (logical1, [logical2], ...) • logical1: the first condition or logical value to evaluate. • logical2 [optional]: the second condition or logical value to evaluate. The City School 20 2023-2024
Analysing Data OR You can use the OR function to check if any out of a group of conditions are met. If there is even one condition which is met, Microsoft Excel shows the value TRUE, otherwise, FALSE is displayed. =OR (logical1, [logical2], ...) • logical1: the first condition or logical value to evaluate. • logical2[optional]: the second condition or logical value to evaluate. In the above-mentioned example, a logical expression evaluates both logical conditions and if either of the conditions is correct then the outcome will be TRUE and if all the conditions are incorrect then the outcome will be FALSE. If you want to add more conditions in the formula you can use a coma after the logical test as highlighted in the example: =OR (D2=”Mature”,E2=”Lahore”). Results in cell G4 and G6 are FALSE because none of the cells D2 and E2 TRUE conditions. String values in double-quotes “ ” are case sensitive. The City School 21 2023-2024
IF Excel’s IF function can often prove to be very useful. You can use this function to branch to different values or actions depending on a specified condition. The structure of an IF function is: • logical_test: a value or logical expression that can be evaluated as TRUE or FALSE. • value_if_true: the value to return when logical_test evaluates to TRUE. • value_if_false: the value to return when logical_test evaluates to FALSE. In this example, if the age is greater then 18, then the IF statement displays “Adult“ else it displays “Underage.“ =IF (logical_test, value_if_true, value_if_false) IF and AND together AND function can be used in a nested form with IF function, it just needs to put in the formula like an equation in another equation. The syntax of IF and AND statements is: =IF(AND(Something is True, Something else is True), Value if True, Value if False) The City School 22 2023-2024
Analysing Data In this above-mentioned example student’s result analysis refer to the condition where they have to obtain more than 50% in Course Work and Exam and if any of the head is less than 50 outcome will be FALSE and due to the IF function the string value “Fail” or “Pass” will appear. First part of the formula is a simple IF function =IF(AND(C2>=50,D2>=50),”Pass”,”Fail”). In second part AND function is placed in logical test of IF function =IF(AND(C2>=50,D2>=50),”Pass”,”Fail”). String values in double-quotes “” are case sensitive. COUNT IF COUNTIF is an Excel function to count cells in a range that meet a single condition. COUNTIF can be used to count cells that contain dates, numbers, and text. For example, how many students have gained B grade or scored 70% or more than 70% in their results. The syntax of COUNTIF function is: • range: the range of cells to count. • criteria: the criteria that controls which cells should be counted. =COUNTIF(range, criteria) The City School 23 2023-2024
First part of the formula is the range of cells in which we want to count =COUNTIF(E2:E7,”>=70”). Second part of the formula is the criteria for count =COUNTIF(E2:E7,”>=70”). String values in double-quotes “ ” are not case sensitive. COUNTIF can be used for both numeric and alphabetic data. Multiple IF Multiple IF is occasionally used when several conditions need to be checked in a single cell, Multiple IF works as a nested IF. The nested IF follows structure: • Test logical_test_1, if TRUE - return result_1, if FALSE - • Test logical_test_2, if TRUE - return result_2, if FALSE - • Test logical_test_3, if TRUE - return result_3, if FALSE - • return result_4 IF(logical_test_1, result_1, IF(logical_ test_2, result_2, IF(logical_test_3, result3, result4))) To simplify the above structure: The City School 24 2023-2024
Analysing Data The example above demonstrates the nested IF condition. The IF condition evaluates the value in average column. If the value is in between 90 then declare “A+”, if the value is between 80 then declare “A”, if the value is in between 70 then declare “B”, if the value is in between 60 then declare “C” and if all these conditions are not met then declare “Fail”. It is also possible to combine other functions within the nested IF formula. An example is provided below where excel evaluates student average scores and returns the performance comments specified in the IF condition. Checkpoint The AND function returns true if all conditions are met and false otherwise. The OR function returns true if even one condition is met and false otherwise. COUNTIF is an Excel function to count cells in a range that meet a single condition. The City School 25 2023-2024
1.4. Preparing Data for Analysis Charts allow you to illustrate your workbook data graphically, which makes it easy to visualize comparisons and trends. In previous levels, we have covered the basics of how to insert charts in excel. The purpose of this section is to familiarize you with the advance features of charts in Excel. Once you have inserted the chart, you can easily edit a chart’s layout and style from the Design tab. Excel allows you to add chart elements—such as but not limited to chart titles, legends, and data labels—to make your chart easier to read. To add a chart element, click the Add Chart Element command on the Design tab, then choose the desired element from the drop-down menu. Here we define some of the most frequently used chart elements that you would use. • Chart title: allows to give a meaningful to your chart. • Legends: represents entries on the plotted area of chart or graph which are linked to the data table of the chart or graph. • Data lables: allows to identify a data series in a chart. To edit a chart element, like a chart title, simply double-click the placeholder and begin typing. Adding Chart Title The estimated amount of data on the internet created daily will be 463 exabytes* in 2025. * an exabyte is 1,000 bytes to the sixth power. The City School 26 2023-2024
Analysing Data Adding Legends to Charts Most charts use some kind of a legend to help readers understand the charted data. Whenever you create a chart in Excel, a legend for the chart is automatically generated at the same time. A chart can be missing a legend if it has been manually removed from the chart, but you can retrieve the missing legend. 1. Click the chart. 2. Click + Chart Elements next to the table. Alternatively, you can select Chart Elements from the ribbon above. 3. Select the Legend checkbox. To add legends to your charts, follow the steps below: Editing Legend Name If the legend’s name is incorrect, you can rename the legend entries. 1. Click the chart. and then click Chart Filters , next to the chart and click Select Data. The City School 27 2023-2024
2. Select an entry in the Legend Entries (Series) list (in this case Coursework % is selected), and click Edit. 3. In the Series Name field, type a new legend entry. in this case, we rename “Coursework %” to “Coursework Term 1 - %” and click OK. Adding Data Labels to the Charts Data labels make a chart easier to understand because they show details about a data series or its individual data points. For example, in the pie chart below, without the data labels, it would be difficult to tell the which food item is ordered most. To add the data labels follow the steps below: 1. Click the data series or chart. To label one data point, after clicking the series, click that data point. 2. In the upper right corner, next to the chart, click Add Chart Element > Data Labels. 3. To change the location, click the arrow, and choose an option. You can play around with different options where you would want your data labels to appear The City School 28 2023-2024
Analysing Data To make data labels easier to read, you can move them inside the data points or even outside of the chart. To move a data label, drag it to the location you want. Excel allows you to add chart elements such as chart titles, legends, and data labels to make your chart easier to read. Quick Chart Layouts If you don’t want to add chart elements individually, you can use one of Excel’s predefined layouts. Simply click the Quick Layout command, then choose the desired layout from the drop-down menu. There are many other ways to customize and organize your charts. For example, Excel allows you to rearrange a chart’s data, change the chart type, and even move the chart to a different location in the workbook. Switching Rows and Columns of Data When you create a chart, Microsoft Office Excel determines the axis on which the data series are plotted, based on the number of worksheet rows and columns that are included in the chart, placing the larger number on the horizontal axis. If your data has equal rows and columns of worksheet data, Excel plots the rows of data on the vertical axis and the columns of data on the horizontal axis. After you switch rows to columns in the chart, the columns of data are plotted on the vertical axis, and the rows of data are plotted on the horizontal axis. However, you can quickly change the way that worksheet rows and columns are plotted in the chart by switching rows to columns or vice versa. 1. Select the chart you want to modify. 2. From the Design tab, select the Switch Row/ Column command. 3. The rows and columns will be switched. The City School 29 2023-2024
1.5. Modifying Worksheets in Excel Renaming Worksheet in Excel Whenever you create a new Excel workbook, it will contain one worksheet named Sheet1. You can rename a worksheet to better reflect its content. In our example, we will rename our worksheet to ICTECH to indicate that it represents students grade report in the ICTECH subject. To rename the worksheet, follow the steps below: 1. Right-click the worksheet you want to rename, then select Rename from the worksheet menu. 2. Type the desired name for the worksheet. Click anywhere outside of the worksheet, or press enter on your keyboard. The worksheet will be renamed. The City School 30 2023-2024
Analysing Data Copying or Moving Worksheet in Excel If you need to duplicate the content of one worksheet to another, Excel allows you to copy an existing worksheet. 1. Right-click the worksheet you want to copy, then select Move or Copy from the worksheet menu. 2. The Move or Copy dialogue box will appear. Choose where the sheet will appear in the Before sheet: field. In our example, we will choose (move to end) to place the worksheet to the right of the existing worksheet. Check the box next to Create a copy, then click OK. 3. Alternatively, you can copy or move worksheet to a new or an existing workbook. Checkpoint Charts allow you to represent data graphically, which makes it easy to visualize comparisons and trends. Data labels make a chart easier to understand because they show details about a data series or its individual data points. The City School 31 2023-2024
4. The worksheet will be copied. It will have the same title as the original worksheet, as well as a version number. In our example, we copied the “ICTECH” worksheet, so our new worksheet is named “ICTECH (2)”. All content from the “ICTECH” worksheet has also been copied to the “ICTECH (2)” worksheet. 1.6. Getting Worksheets Ready for Print Before you print an Excel workbook, it is important to decide exactly what information you want to print. For example, if you have multiple worksheets in your workbook, you will need to decide if you want to print the entire workbook or only active worksheets. There may also be times when you want to print only a selection of content from your workbook. You can also set the print area in advance so you will be able to visualize which cells will be printed as you work in Excel. Simply select the cells you want to print, click the Page Layout tab, select the Print Area command, then choose Set Print Area. Keep in mind that if you ever need to print the entire workbook, you will need to clear the print area. The City School 32 2023-2024
Analysing Data Adjusting Worksheet Before Print If some of your content is being cut off by the printer, you can use scaling to fit your workbook to the page automatically. 1. Navigate to the Print pane. In our example, we can see in the Preview pane that our content will be cut off when printed. 2. Select the desired option from the Scaling drop-down menu. In our example, we will select Fit All Columns on One Page. The worksheet will be condensed to fit onto a single page. Keep in mind that worksheets will become more difficult to read as they are scaleddown, so you may not want to use this option when printing a worksheet with a lot of information. In our example, we will change the scaling setting back to No Scaling. The City School 33 2023-2024
1. The COUNT function is used to calculate the number of cells that contain numbers. 2. TODAY function returns the current date, updated continuously when a worksheet is changed or opened. 3. The CONCATENATE function allows you to combine text from different cells into one cell. 4. MID returns a specific number of characters from a text string, starting at the position you specify, based on the number of characters you specify. 5. LEFT returns the first character or characters in a text string, based on the number of characters you specify. 6. RIGHT returns the last character or characters in a text string, based on the number of characters you specify. 7. SUBSTITUTE function replaces the part of the text in a cell. 8. AND function checks if all the conditions of a particular group are met. 9. OR function to is used to check if out of a group of conditions are met. It returns true even if one condition is true. 10. COUNTIF is an Excel function to count cells in a range that meet a single condition. 11. Charts allow you to illustrate your workbook data graphically, which makes it easy to visualize comparisons and trends. 12. Data labels make a chart easier to understand because they show details about a data series or its individual data points. My Notes Let’s Review The City School 34 2023-2024
83% 46% of the employees recreate the documents they can not find online. 42% 41% of the documents are not named or labeled correctly. of the information is saved in the wrong folder/system. of the employees recreate the documents they can not find online. Document Management Challenges
After going through this chapter, students will be able to: Student Learning Outcomes ISTE Student Standard Coverage 1. Understand and make use of various features to enhance the look and feel of the document such as header and footers, page borders, font effects, image enhancements, text and image alignment. 2. Make use of hyperlink feature. 3. Work with tables in MS Word and manipulate (change direction of text) and stylize the table in different ways. 4. Use find and replace feature of word to make quick edits in the document. 5. Proofread their work by using spelling and grammar check feature of MS word. 6. Use mail merge features by creating a source file and by using an existing source file 7. Save and print the document. Document Creation Empowered Learner Knowledge Constructor Digital Citizen 1a 1c 1d 2c 3a Creative Communicator 6d
2.1. Overview A word processor is software or a device that allows users to create, edit, and print documents. We have covered the basics of Microsoft Word in previous class levels. In this chapter we will work with advance features of word. The header is a section of the document that appears in the top margin, while the footer is a section of the document that appears in the bottom margin. Headers and footers generally contain additional information such as page numbers, dates, an author’s name, and footnotes, which can help keep longer documents organized and make them easier to read. Text entered in the header or footer will appear on each page of the document. In our example, we want to display the author’s name at the top of each page, so we will place it in the header. Also, we will place document title and page number at the bottom of each page, so we will place it in the footer. 1. Double-click anywhere on the top or bottom margin of your document. In our example, we’ll double-click the top margin. Steps to insert page header and footer 2.2. Using Header and Footer Insert Header and Footer in Document The City School 37 2023-2024
2. The header or footer will open, and a Design tab will appear on the right side on the Ribbon. The insertion point will appear in the header or footer. 3. Type the desired information into the header or footer. In our example, we will type the author’s name. 4. When you’re finished, click Close Header and Footer. Alternatively, you can press the Esc key. The City School 38 2023-2024
Document Creation Preset header or footer Word has a variety of preset headers and footers you can use to enhance your document’s design and layout. In our example, we’ll add a preset header to our document. Steps to insert preset header and footer 1. Select the Insert tab, then click the Header or Footer command. In our example, we’ll click the Header command. 2. The header or footer will appear. Many preset headers and footers contain text placeholders called Content Control fields. These fields are good for adding information like the document title, author’s name, date, and page number. The City School 39 2023-2024
3. To edit a Content Control field, click it and type the desired information. 4. When you’re finished, click Close Header and Footer. Alternatively, you can press the Esc key. Editing Header and Footer After you close the header or footer, it will still be visible, but it will be locked. Simply double-click a header or footer to unlock it, which will allow you to edit it. The City School 40 2023-2024
Document Creation 2.3. Adding Hyperlinks Adding hyperlinks to text can provide access to websites and email addresses directly from your document. Hyperlinks have two basic parts: the address (URL) of the webpage and the display text. For example, the address could be http://www.popsci.com, and the display text could be “Popular Science Magazine”. When you create a hyperlink in Word, you’ll be able to choose both the address and the display text. 1. Select the text you want to format as a hyperlink. 2. Select the Insert tab, then click the Hyperlink command. Alternatively, you can open the Insert Hyperlink dialog box by right-clicking the selected text and selecting Hyperlink... from the menu that appears. Steps to insert hyperlink in the document The City School 41 2023-2024
3. The Insert Hyperlink dialogue box will appear. 4. The selected text will appear in the Text to display: field at the top. You can change this text if you want. In the Address: field, type the address you want to link to, then click OK. 5. The text will then be formatted as a hyperlink. 6. Once you’ve inserted a hyperlink, you can right-click the hyperlink to edit, open, copy, or remove it. The City School 42 2023-2024
Document Creation 2.4. Working with Page Borders A page border is a border that appears outside the margins on each page. Border art is a repeated small image that forms a border around the outside of the document margins. Page borders are primarily for decoration; you can use any style, colour, and line thickness you want. You can also apply graphical borders (or border art) that repeat a small image as a pattern. Steps to insert page border 1. To insert page border, select Design>Page Borders. The Borders and Shading dialogue box opens with the Page Border tab selected. 2. The Borders and Shading dialogue box opens with the Page Border tab selected. In the Style section, scroll down and select the double wavy line. Then from the Colour drop-down list, choose Blue, Accent 5. Checkpoint The header is a section that appears in the top margin, while the footer is the section of document that appears in the bottom margin. Hyperlinks provide access to websites and email addresses directly from your document. The City School 43 2023-2024
3. If a preview of a blue wavy line does not appear in the Preview area, click the Box button to apply the current settings to all sides of the page. Some line styles have a variety of widths you can choose from; the double wavy line you select in Step 3 has only one width available. 4. You can also apply art border to the document. From the Art drop-down list, choose the palm trees; click the down increment arrow on the Width box to set the width to 28 points and then click OK. The palm tree border is applied to the page. The City School 44 2023-2024
Document Creation 2.5. Image and Text Manipulation MS Word provides different text effects that can be used to format the text you type or any selected text in the document. This can be done using the Font dialogue box. 1. To display the font dialogue box, you either press Ctrl + D or option available as part of the menu as shown below: 2. In the Font dialogue box, click on the Text Effects button available at the bottom of the dialogue box. Adding Text Effects The City School 45 2023-2024
3. Enter some sample font in your word document and try out different effects from the Format Text Effects window. Character Spacing Kerning is the amount of space between each character that you type. Sometimes the space between two characters is larger than others, which makes the word look uneven. Here is the procedure to change the character spacing of any written word: 1. Select the text you want to format. Open the font dialog box launcher and select the Advanced tab from the window that appears. The City School 46 2023-2024
Document Creation 2. Click the Spacing list arrow, click an option, and then specify a point size to expand or condense spacing by the amount specified. 3. Click the Spacing list arrow, click an option, and then specify a point size to expand or condense spacing by the amount specified. 4. Click the Position list arrow, click an option, and then specify a point size to raise or lower the text relative to the baseline (bottom of the text). 5. Select the Kerning for fonts checkbox, and then specify a point size. 6. To make the new formatting options the default for all new Word documents, click Set As Default, and then click Yes. 7. Click OK. 1. Select the picture you want to add a border to, then click the Format tab. 2. Click the Picture Border command. 3. A drop-down menu will appear. 4. From here, you can select a colour, weight (thickness), and whether or not the line is dashed. 5. The border will appear around the image. Adding Borders to Pictures The City School 47 2023-2024
Cropping Picture When you crop an image, a part of the picture is removed. Cropping may be helpful when a picture has a lot of content and you want to focus on only part of it. MS Word offers several options for changing the way images appear in your document. For example, you can add a frame, make image corrections, change the image’s colour or brightness, and even add some stylish artistic effects. These options are located in the Adjust and Picture Styles groups on the Format tab. When you are ready to make adjustments or experiment with the look of an image, select the picture and choose one of these options from the Format tab: 1. Select the image you want to crop. The Format tab appears. 2. On the Format tab, click the Crop command. 3. Cropping handles will appear around the image. Click, hold, and drag a handle to crop the image. Click the Crop command again. 4. The image will be cropped. Image Enhancement By 2021, cloud data centers will process 94% of overall global business workloads–most of which relate to document processing. (Cisco, 2020) The City School 48 2023-2024
Document Creation Correction This command is located in the Adjust group. From here, you can sharpen or soften the image to adjust how blurry or clear it appears. You can also adjust the brightness and contrast, which controls how light or dark the picture appears. In the image below the picture on the left hand side is the original one while the image on the right is the corrected one. Colour This command is located in the Adjust group. From here, you can adjust the image’s saturation (how vivid the colours are), tone (the temperature of the image from cool to warm), and colouring (changing the overall colour of the image). The City School 49 2023-2024
Artistic Effects This command is located in the Adjust group. From here, you can add artistic effects such as pastels, water colours, and glowing edges. Picture Style Group This group contains a variety of styles you can apply to your pictures such as frames, borders, and soft edges. The City School 50 2023-2024